初级中学英语讲义(备课教案)-初三语法五种基本句型讲解和理解练习
中考英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语:We study for the people.2)复合谓语:I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
英语人教版九年级全册英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型教案一.Teaching Goals教学目标:1. Ability Goals能力目标:a.Learn some detail information about the basic structures of English sentences;b. Improve the students’ability of analyze the structure of sentences;c. Enable the students to translate the English sentences2.Learning Ability Goals学能目标:Help the students grasp the ability of constructing new sentences.3.Emotion情感目标:a. Learn how to cooperate with others;b. Build the self-confidence of students 二.Teaching Important Points教学重点:a. The five basic English structuresb. Constructing English sentences;c. Train the students’ability of translating complex sentences三.Teaching Difficult Points 教学难点a. Train the ability how to write the right sentences, including the complex ones;b. Train the ability of analyzing the whole passage and give the main ideas of the passage or paragraphs 四.Teaching Aids 教学设备A computer, a projector and some slides五.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 句子的成分.主语: 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,由名,代,数,不定式,动名词,短语或句子充当位于句首。
初中英语语法专题讲解1--简单句的5种基本句型

初中英语语法专题讲解1——简单句的五种基本句型英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:1)主+ 动(SV)例如:I work.我工作。
2)主+ 动+ 表(SVP)例如:John is busy.约翰忙。
3)主+ 动+ 宾(SVO)例如:She studies English.她学英语。
4)主+ 动+ 宾+ 补(SVOC)例如:Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。
5)主+ 动+ 间宾+ 直宾(SVOiOd)例如:My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
英语中的各种句子分为简单句和复合句,其中简单句中包含有五种基本句型。
1.S+Vi(Subject主语+Intransitive Verb不及物动词)例:The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
She is walking along the lake.她正沿着湖边走。
2.S+Vt+O(Subject主语+Transitive Verb及物动词+Object 宾语)例:He found a bird in the tree.他发现树上有一只鸟。
I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
3.S+link.V+P(Subject主语+link.verb系动词+Predicative 表语)1)句型中系动词的位置可以用be动词来代替。
2)句型中系动词可分为:表状态的系动词:be,keep,lie,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,sit,stand,stay,taste等。
表变化或结果的系动词:become,come,get,grow,go,fall,prove,turn等。
例:Time is up.时间到了。
That man seems kind.那人看起来很善良。
中考五大基本句型精讲精练

中考五大基本句型精讲精练1.主+系动词+表语(S+V+P)1)表特征和存在状态的:be , seem , feel , look , taste , smell , sound ,appear .2)表状态延续的:keep , stay, stand ,remain .3)表状态变化的:become , get , turn , go , come, run ,fall , growEg. Alice is a lovely girl.He seems happy.The cake tastes good.The students often keeps quiet in class.The boy became a teacher at last.They are in the classroom.The window was broken.His job is to teach computers.The problem is where we should go.His idea is that everyone has a picture.作表语的:名词,形容词,过去分词,v-ing ,介词短语,从句练习:1.长大后他成了一个老师。
______________________________________________ 2.我的梦想是成为一个作家。
___________________________________________3.树叶变黄了。
________________________________________________________4..这个消息听起来激动人心的。
_________________________________________5.昨晚他感到有一点儿饿。
______________________________________________ 2.主语+不及物动词(vi.)(可有副词修饰)(S+V)不带宾语It rained hard last night.He runs quickly.We must go.不及物动词+介词+宾语He lives in Nanjing.Mary is listening to the music.I go to school from Monday to Friday.练习:1)事故是昨晚发生的。
初中英语中考五大基本句型课件

主谓
You go
first. (主谓+副词)
I can smell with my nose. (主谓+介词短语)
I work hard at school. (主谓+副词+介词短语)
They are eating very quickly. (主谓+副词短语)
I come out after the rain. (主谓+介词短语)
(不定式作宾补)
Danny tells Janny to see a doctor. (不定式作宾补11 )
除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些 成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。 这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和 数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词
短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。[参考主谓中的 例句]
此句型的句子的共同特点是:动 词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一 个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾 语,才能使意思完整。
10
主 谓 宾语 宾补
We call it “bingmayong”. (名词作宾 补) It makes me happy. (形容词作宾补) We must keep the room clean. (形容词作宾补) My mum wants me to eat one donut.
8
主
谓 间宾 直宾
An old man gives him a magic map.
He
buys me a map of China.
He
writes her a letter.
He
shows me some pictures.
语法初中试讲教案

语法初中试讲教案一、教学目标1. 让学生掌握现在进行时态的构成和用法。
2. 培养学生运用现在进行时态描述动作或状态的能力。
3. 提高学生对英语语法的兴趣和积极性。
二、教学内容1. 现在进行时态的构成:be动词 + 动词ing形式。
2. 现在进行时态的用法:描述正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
3. 现在进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句结构。
三、教学重点与难点1. 重点:现在进行时态的构成和用法。
2. 难点:现在进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句结构的运用。
四、教学方法1. 情境教学法:通过设定情境,让学生在实际语境中感受和运用现在进行时态。
2. 任务型教学法:设计各种任务,让学生在完成任务的过程中练习和巩固现在进行时态。
3. 互动式教学法:鼓励学生积极参与,进行师生互动、生生互动。
五、教学步骤Step 1: 导入1. 利用图片展示正在进行的动作,如:running, reading, writing。
2. 引导学生说出这些动作的进行时态,即running, reading, writing。
Step 2: 讲解现在进行时态1. 讲解现在进行时态的构成:be动词 + 动词ing形式。
2. 讲解现在进行时态的用法:描述正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
Step 3: 练习现在进行时态1. 设计情境,如:教室里的学生正在做什么?2. 让学生用现在进行时态描述教室里的情景。
Step 4: 拓展现在进行时态1. 讲解现在进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句结构。
2. 让学生举例并练习这些句型。
Step 5: 小组活动1. 学生分成小组,用现在进行时态编写对话。
2. 各小组展示对话,并进行评价。
Step 6: 总结与作业1. 总结现在进行时态的构成、用法和句型。
2. 布置作业:用现在进行时态写一篇小作文,描述自己正在做的事情。
六、教学反思本节课通过情境教学、任务型教学和互动式教学法,让学生在实际语境中感知、理解和运用现在进行时态。
初中英语语法专题讲解1--简单句的5种基本句型

初中英语语法专题讲解1——简单句的五种基本句型英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:1)主+动(SV)例如:I work.我工作。
2)主+动+表(SVP)例如:John is busy.约翰忙。
3)主+动+xx(SVO)例如:She studies English.她学英语。
4)主+动+xx+补(SVOC)例如:Time would prove me right.时间会证明我是对的。
5)主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd)例如:My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
英语中的各种句子分为简单句和复合句,其中简单句中包含有五种基本句型。
1.S+Vi(Subject主语+Intransitive Verb不及物动词)例:The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
She is walking along the lake.她正沿着湖边走。
2.S+Vt+O(Subject主语+Transitive Verb及物动词+Object宾语)例:He found a bird in the tree.他发现树上有一只鸟。
I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
3.S+link.V+P(Subject主语+link.verb系动词+Predicative表语)1)句型中系动词的位置可以用be动词来代替。
2)句型中系动词可分为:表状态的系动词:be,keep,lie,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,sit,stand,stay,taste等。
表变化或结果的系动词:例:Time is up.时间到了。
That man seems kind.那人看起来很善良。
4.S+Vt+O+O(Subject主语+Transitive Verb及物动词+Indirect Object间接宾语+Direct Object直接宾语)例:He bought his sister a piano.他给他妹妹买了一架钢琴。
初中语法教案讲解

初中语法教案讲解一、教学目标:1. 让学生掌握现在进行时态的构成和用法。
2. 培养学生运用现在进行时态描述正在进行的动作或状态。
3. 提高学生听说读写的能力。
二、教学内容:1. 现在进行时态的构成:be动词 + 动词ing形式。
2. 现在进行时态的用法:描述正在进行的动作或状态。
3. 现在进行时态的常见搭配:be doing、am doing、is doing、are doing等。
三、教学重点与难点:1. 教学重点:现在进行时态的构成和用法。
2. 教学难点:现在进行时态的搭配和运用。
四、教学过程:1. 导入:通过提问引导学生思考正在发生的动作或状态,如“What are you doing now?”,从而引出本节课的主题——现在进行时态。
2. 讲解:(1)讲解现在进行时态的构成:be动词 + 动词ing形式。
例如:I am reading a book. (2)讲解现在进行时态的用法:描述正在进行的动作或状态。
例如:She is watching TV. (3)讲解现在进行时态的常见搭配:be doing、am doing、is doing、are doing等。
3. 练习:(1)学生分组,互相练习现在进行时态的句子。
(2)教师选取部分学生进行示范,纠正发音和语法错误。
4. 应用:(1)让学生用现在进行时态描述自己正在做的事情。
(2)让学生用现在进行时态编写小对话,模拟真实场景。
5. 总结:对本节课的内容进行总结,强调现在进行时态的用法和搭配。
六、课后作业:1. 抄写现在进行时态的句子,加深记忆。
2. 运用现在进行时态编写日记,记录当天发生的趣事。
3. 预习下一节课的内容:一般过去时态。
通过以上教学过程,学生可以掌握现在进行时态的构成、用法和搭配,并能运用到实际情景中。
教师应关注学生的学习情况,及时纠正错误,提高学生的英语水平。
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句子成分和五种基本句型一、导入二、知识点回顾略(1)专题讲解☆专题1:词类1. 十大词类实词:可以在句子里面充当成分,可以独立出现 1.名词 n. 表示人和事物的名称,作主语、宾语等 2.代词 pron. 代替名词数词等,作主语、宾语等 3.动词 v. 表示动作,做谓语4.形容词 adj. 表示人或事物的特征,作定语、表语,译作“….的”5.副词 adv. 表示动作特征或性状特征,修饰动词,形容词或其它副词,做状语,译作“…地”6.数词 num. 表示数目或顺序,做主语、宾语、表语、定语等 虚词:不能独立出现7.冠词 art. 用在名词前帮助说明其意义,a / an / the1四只老鼠吹牛。
甲:我每天都拿鼠药当糖吃;乙:我一天不踩老鼠夹脚发痒;丙:我每天不过几次大街不踏实;丁:时间不早了,回家抱猫去咯。
2一群蚂蚁爬上了大象的背,但被摇了下来,只有一只蚂蚁死死地抱着大象的脖子不放,下面的蚂蚁大叫:掐死他,掐死他,小样,还他妈反了!8.介词prep. 用在名词,代词等前面,说明它与别的词之间的关系9.连词conj. 用来连接词与词或句与句10.感叹词interj. 表示说话时的感情或口气☆专题2:句子成分1. 句子成分概述组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分,既:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
1.主要成分:主语、谓语(必须有)2.特定成分:宾语、表语、补语(在某种特定的句型里面出现)3.附加成分:定语、状语(可有可无,可多可少)2、句子各种成分的含义理解:1)、主语:句子的主角,一个句子在说或讨论谁(啥),谁(啥)就是主语。
主语一般放在句首。
(在“主+谓+宾”的句型结构中,主语是动作的执行者,宾语是动作的承受者。
)E.g:Tom is a doctor.My father and my mother are teachers.Today is my birthday.I can see a desk in the room.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.Beijing is a good place to visit.2)、谓语:动词作谓语,谓语必须是动词(be/情态/实意动词)。
一般放在主语的后面。
谓语要跟前面的主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致,这叫主谓一致。
E.g:I am a teacher.My parents work in a school.You can swim.Lucy doesn’t do homework every dayThe apple tastes good.He doesn’t like English.I can’t join the club.3)、表语:表语对前面的主语起表明、表达、表现、表示的作用。
表明了主语的身份、特征或状态。
(表语一般为名词或形容词,用于“主+系+表”的结构中。
)E.g:I am Lily.I am a teacher.That sounds interesting.We must keep healthy.My dream is to be a teacher.My teacher looks excited.4)、宾语:谓语动作的承受者就是宾语。
(在“主+谓+宾”的句型结构中,主语是动作的执行者,宾语是动作的承受者。
)E.g:They sing songs.The boy join the swimming club.The little dog looked at me.I have a book.You like playing soccer.He is reading a newspaper.5)、定语:定语起修饰、形容作用,一般由形容词充当。
(还可以由代词、数词充当)E.g:It’s a beautiful car.Beijing is a good place to visit.I have two big eyes.My father often takes a long walk.I have two pens.The red pen is Tom’s.6)、状语:状语也起修饰作用,一般由副词或介词短语充当,在句中表示时间、地点、方式、条件、原因、结果、目的等。
状语用来修饰动词、形容词。
(注:修饰动词的状语通常放在动词后。
He runs quickly. 但有些副词如often,always, usually 等作状语时则放在be动词、助动词和情态动词后,实义动词前。
)E.g:He is very tall.He runs quickly.I often go to school at 7:00.I often have lunch at school.They sing this song in English.The teacher smiled in his office.If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home.(条件状语从句)We had to stay at home because of the rain.(原因状语从句)I have to work hard so that I can pass the text.(目的状语从句)7)、宾语补足语:用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
E.g:He made the boy laugh.I found the dog running through our garden.We call him Little TigerI find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补)I saw the kite up and down.(up and down是副词做宾补)Tom made the girl cry.(cry是动词做宾补)形容词和副词的用法区别:形容词作定语修饰名词或代词。
副词作状语修饰动词或形容词。
E.g:1、I like the new book.(形容词作定语)Lily is a happy girl.(形容词作定语)2、He runs quickly.(副词作状语)Lily learns English happily.(副词作状语)及物动词和不及物动词的区分:及物动词:动词后可以直接涉及、加上一个物(或人)作宾语。
E.g:I play football.Mother bought a new bag.不及物动词:动词后不可以直接涉及、加上一个物(或人)作宾语。
E.g:He runs quickly.They swim every day.☆专题3:五种基本句型五种基本句型:英语句子是由主语、谓语(动词)、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分组成,按照这些成分的组合方式的不同,英语句子可分为五种基本句型。
其他各种句型都是由这五种基本句型转换来的。
五种基本句型汉语英语缩写1、主语+ 谓语(不及物动词) S + V2、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语S + V + O3、主语+ 谓语(系动词)+ 表语S + V + P4、主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语S + V + INO + DO5、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语S + V + O + OC1)、主语+ 谓语(不及物动词)1、The teacher smiled.2、The boy can swim.3、The sun has risen.4、I don’t know.5、The rain has stopped.2)、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语1、I love you.2、He helps us.3、She played the piano .4、The students played football.5、We study English.6、The children are watching TV.3)、主语+ 谓语(系动词)+ 表语(英语中有一类动词叫连系动词,它后面用来说明主语“是什么”、“怎么样”的成分,叫做表语。
)Be动词(am is are was were)连系动词感官动词(look , sound , smell , taste , feel , seem )1、My dad is [old.]2、Your pen is [in the desk].3、The house is [ large].4、They are [Chinese].5、These boxes are [ heavy].6、I am [17 years old].7、That girl was [me].8、You look [sad].9、It tastes [good].(注:系动词be有时翻译成“是”,更多的时候不译出来,受中文影响,翻译成英语时容易丢掉。
英语句子中必须有动词。
丢掉连系动词,就是不完整的句子了。
)4)、主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语分析下面句子:He gave us some money.间接宾语(人)直接宾语(物)I’ll teach you English.间接宾语(由名词或代词充当)双宾语直接宾语(由名词或从句充当)1、I’ll bring you some new books.2、He returned me the money .3、They sent their son a car.4、My uncle bought me a bike (last week).5、Mother made me a new shirt (last Sunday).5)、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词后只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,说明情况,才能使意思完整。
1. They painted the door green. 他们把门刷成绿色。
(green,补充说明门的性质)2. They found the house big. 他们发现那房子很大。
(big,补充说明房子的状态)3.I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.我看见Mr. Wang上了公交车。
(get on the bus,补充说明Mr. Wang做了何事)从句:宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、(主语从句、表语从句)(注:哪个句子成分不再是简单的单词、短语,而是个完整的句子,它就会是一个相应的从句。
初中阶段我们主要了解宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句三种从句。
). (2)变式练习一、选出句中谓语的中心词.1、I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall2、Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus3、There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon4、Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast5、Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. T omB. didn'tC. doD. his homework6、Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book二、选出下列句中的宾语1、My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D2、People all over the world speak English.A B C D3、The old man said he was ill.A B C.4、You will find the museum on the left.A B C5、You will find it useful after you leave school.A B C6、They didn't know Tom.A B C四、巩固练习一、挑出下列句中的表语1、The old man was feeling very tired.A B C2、The leaves have turned yellow.A B C3、They look beautiful.A B C4、She was the first one.A B C二、选出下列句中的定语1、What is your English name?A B C2、The man downstairs sleeping.A B C3、I am waiting for the tall boy.A B C4、The old man is 90 years old.A B C三、选出下列句中的宾语补足语1、He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B C2、They call me Lily sometimes.A B C3、I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C4、Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground ?A B C四、选出下列句中的状语.1、Tom runs fast.A B C2、There was a big smile on her face.A B C3、Every night he heard the noise .A B C4、He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C5、She loves the library because she loves books.A B C五、拓展训练一、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语.①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Did he leave any message for me?二、写出划线部分的句子成分1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.三、分析句子成分(主、谓、宾、定、状、补、宾补)1. The pen writes smoothly.2. His face is red.3. He bought you a dictionary.4. He enjoys music.5. I told him that the bus was late.6. He showed me his CD.7. We saw him out.8. He is tall and strong.当堂过手训练(快练五分钟,稳准建奇功!)一、判断下列句子的句型并翻译1.She was short ._______________________________________2.I can’t stand the heat._______________________________________3.I sent you an E-mail._______________________________________4.It cost me three dollars_______________________________________.5.You can leave the door open._______________________________________6.He speaks English ._______________________________________7.T eachers will make your English better.___________________________________8.That will save you a lot of time_______________________________________.9.They found the dead boy._______________________________________10.They found the boy dead._______________________________________11.I found the book easily._______________________________________12.T om took Jim a book._______________________________________13.I always find her happy_______________________________________14.He said he didn't come._______________________________________15.They love each other._______________________________________。