中国普通高校大学生就业市场的变化趋势

中国普通高校大学生就业市场的变化趋势With college enrollment, the expansion and the continued increase in the number of graduates, college students job market is set to change tren ds in six: fresh graduates of the drop in employment, in the main labor ma rket, unemployment is rising; Gongzi the overall level of downward trend , economic status, lower phase contrast; was "good work" tends to reduce the chance, "high-low qualifications of" the proportion increased; the leng th of time to find work, "frictional unemployment" and the coexistence of structural unemployment; in "employment first, and then choosing" cons cious at the same time, the integrity of the job market may decline; both s upply and demand become more rational and versatile personnel Selling Well.The so-called students that graduate job market is supply and demand sid es of labor transfer and the transferee the right to use a series of agreemen ts reached at the sum. This transfer and the transferee is a completely volu ntary exchange activities reflected in the contract-based labor exchange u niversity graduates between supply and demand is the important part of th e labor market. I believe that the job market will show students the follow ing six trends:First, the employment rate of graduates decreased. In the main labor mark et, unemployment is risingBased primarily on the labor market segmentation theory. The theory willbe the nature of the labor market is divided into two different parts: the main labor market (the mary seg-ment) and the second labor market (the s econdary segment). In the primary labor market. Job security, working co nditions and benefits high-income good personal leadership development opportunities; the labor market in the second. Is the low wages and poor working conditions and job insecurity. Labor Market Segmentation. Caus e workers in primary and secondary barriers to mobility between labor m arket. This is because: one. Although the labor market, workers in the sub -job satisfaction is low. Weak sense of belonging. A job change more ofte n. But they are difficult to directly enter the main labor market. On the ot her hand. Read notwithstanding the unemployed in the labor market can more easily in the sub-labor market employment. However, as the benefit s that accrued to both the labor market. And Yi Dan employment in the su b-labor market will be very difficult Fan Hui primary labor market. Y ushi the main labor market of the unemployed would rather be unemployed do not want employment in the sub-labor market. According to this theory. Year after year college enrollment. In making a general increase in the ov erall quality of workers the same time. Also led the graduates in the prima ry labor market, reduce employment opportunities for graduates in additio n to meeting the labor market do not want to accelerate the employment o f graduates in primary labor market, rising unemployment. Nearly 6 years , the employment rate of university students in China results indicate thistrend.Second, the wage level of graduates overall downward trend. Relatively l ower economic statusThe basic price is based on changes in the labor market, the general rules of the law that: As the special nature of the labor market. Labor enter the market. Supply and demand sides of labor the right to use the transfer pro cess, that is, the process of reallocation of labor resources, this configurati on is adopted Price guide and self-realization. Workers to provide labor to the community, while the respective remuneration from the society becau se of all wages paid in the contents of the most important and common se nse, so this price is the labor market, labor supply and demand sides in th e labor force in the process of acquisition or sale of payment The wage la bor market, labor demand and supply equilibrium price is equal to the wa ge rate. The basic function of the labor market is through this law of valu e to guide the regulation, rational allocation of labor resources. Step by st ep to achieve a relatively balanced supply and demand of labor.In market economy conditions. The rational allocation of labor resources by the decision of the labor market prices; the contrary. The prices will be closely linked with the labor supply and demand. Under normal circumst ances (not including other factors). If the oversupply of labor as easily fin d. Wages tended to decline; wages down. Will make part of the labor supp ly reduction. Demand. Which is in short supply. As the labor shortage. Wages tend to rise. Wages. Will make demand. Supply increase. Has been to balance supply and demand tend to. The price is relatively balanced. This movement will gradually stop. The balance of the labor market is also in t he supply and demand and price changes implemented.So. We can conclude that the labor market, price changes, general law. Th at is: the price tends to labor supply and demand sides to provide an equal number to the market. The equilibrium price determined by supply and d emand sides in the market equilibrium quantity. Prices. Lead to increased supply. Reduced demand; price than equilibrium. Will lead to reduced sup ply. Prices. Cause the supply reduction. Demand. When supply is constan t. Demand exceeds supply. Demand less than supply, causing price increa ses. Lead to lower prices. When demand is greater than the supply of con stant demand. Lead to lower prices; supply than demand. Lead to higher p rices. The labor market is that price changes follow the general rules of us ing price signals to guide and wage rates. Through the social right to use a lot of work to make the transfer and purchase of labor resources in a var iety of uses and the various departments and enterprises to configure and make This configuration is possible to optimize. This is the law of value i n the labor market running one of the most significant role.Using the above rules. Suppose the labor market is perfectly competitive. Wage is fluctuating. Different level of education of workers as the labor market, wage labor supply and demand of the kind of change. The labormarket, workers will be classified as two types: highly educated and not h ighly educated. According to the law will have the following corollary; if higher scale increase in the number of highly educated graduates. Supply than ever, the full general wage level of graduates will decline. But the fa cts tell us a lot. With the history and reality of most countries, like higher education graduates than other graduates, with relatively low levels of ed ucation, the unemployment rate is relatively high wages and high social st atus and greater access to the possibility.Third, graduates receive''good job, "the opportunity to become less." Hig her educational attainment and low use "increase the proportion Based primarily on selection theory, the theory: the existence in the labor market teams: one for the team (Job Queue), the other branches of job see kers team (Person Queue). In the work force, each work has required the skills of the workers. Position more toward the front, the higher demand f or workers and their corresponding pay the higher wages. In the job force, the higher the education level, the more front location, access to front po sition the greater the likelihood of work. According to the theory, higher s cale increase in the number of its graduates, will allow high school gradu ates and other highly educated workers is not in the job after the team's re lative position shift, the result is to make these people's wages down even unemployment. As the education level of workers in the job force in dete rmining the relative position of the main basis there will be more and more people invest in education, even the highly educated job seekers who ra nks in order to obtain a more favorable position, will continue to pursue h igher levels of education so that all the work of staff engaged in their leve l of education have constantly increased so there would have been "over-e ducation" and the diploma disease "and so on.Four graduates seeking work extended hours. "Frictional unemployment" and the coexistence of structural unemploymentModern economic theory that unemployment is divided into three types: t otal unemployment, structural unemployment and frictional unemployme nt. Many of them due to frictional unemployment caused by asymmetric i nformation and the majority of job seekers to obtain a desired career mad e a choice. Fair and other economists here so the "job search" theory mod el assumes that: 1. Labor market information is not fully satisfied with the workers get paid for the work must continue to seek entry into the labor market. 2. Laborers looking for work in the labor market, the longer it tak es, the more likely to get a remunerative occupation. 3. Laborers looking for work than not to post the work in the post while looking for another jo b more efficiently. 4 to obtain the compensation and job information is to spend the cost. Based on the above assumptions in terms of unemployme nt on students''would be a necessary investment. "Reality in the labor mar ket is not for the students to find employment wages rise and extend his s earch time more is that he started have a minimum wage., L \''reasonableprice (ie expected) when the employer paid less than the price proposed, he would rather continue to look for work and unemployment in the searc h process at any time to adjust their psychological price. fresh university graduates do not know much because of the community find good jobs te nd to have higher expectations so "increase the number of frictional unemployment''. Although this''voluntary unemployment "in theory is a jo b search according to their return expectations and job cost accounting of personal choice and individual behavior is short, do not threaten their live lihoods, but if this" frictional unemployment ' 'growth too fast will increas e the instability of society, remained a concern.At the same time the momentum of structural unemployment has started t o report warning: 45% of the enterprises can not get the right people 50% of people can not find work "is a vivid portrayal of this structural unempl oyment. 5, the graduates, "employment first, and then choosing" conscio us at the same time, they in the job market may decline integrity China Wind "Net November 12, 2003 Papers," "first career post-employment" concepts defects appear, "said a recent survey in Guangzhou, this y ear's students in the employer's" survival "only 10% o mean have betraye d the club Jiucheng graduates, most graduates work for some time soon lo st, causing some companies to hire fresh graduates as a gamble.Of course, face increasing difficulty of combined pressure and employme nt graduates of the community to understand the real little hard to find on e time suited to their jobs, after all they have to pay a lot of money in the school during the economic costs in any case not reason to drag the famil y and parents, these units need to work as soon as possible so that they ha ve time to consider the objective factors that are truly suited to their jobs, their positions in a certain period of time. While the employment rate of c ollege to pursue a piece of "gold standard" for the students, "beggars" wa ves. The result is that many students do not know whether this is really su ited to their units in the case of any choice but to "advanced to say'' . the s ubjective and objective factors led to fresh university graduates, "employ ment first, and then choosing" increased awareness. The proportion of te mporary employment has increased momentum.Employment first, and then of course there is reasonable career choice, bu t is worth noting that the article also reminded: "employment first, career point of view that may affect the integrity of the image of college student s. Many graduates of these units as this is a worthy springboard attention t o the phenomenon, it must use one unit of sad and lost, it is being deceived and are playing a feeling, even forcing them to use more powerful mean s of self-protection to restrict job-seekers. In fact, some employers refuse altogether with fresh graduates. employers to hire fresh graduates as a ga mble, and this is definitely not for college graduates a good sign. Once th e vicious circle employers and university graduates between the "hemp D alang - 2 fear", not only affect long-term interests of university and colleg e students, but also affect the healthy development of the talent market. 6, both supply and demand become more rational. Complex talentIn recent years, increasing employment agency guidance for employers, h ave achieved remarkable results. Expressed in units of recruiters increasin gly rational and pragmatic development in accordance with the actual nee ds of the recruitment unit. The applicant's attitude is also becoming more mature, many people choosing to change the passive when taking the ima ge of a turn "test," recruiters observed through various means, examine th e various issues raised recruitment unit, be aware of. Human capital mark et currently recruiting more and more market-oriented positions, showing more detailed occupational categories,and there have emerged new career and job market needs of the professio nal skills of job seekers have become increasingly demanding. Candidates need to understand what they learn not only professional knowledge and skills, but also to master the latest management theory to understand the l atest technology market conditions, with public relations and managemen t skills, proficiency in computer operations personnel needs of this compo und bullish trend. Such as corporate finance director jobs, "the equivalent of the chief accountant of the original financial thinker who understand th e management requirements. Also proficient in computer integrated devel opment now have to have the ability, for example, the network editor is th e professional candidates are more popular than mastery of software such as operating outside Firework also need a strong expertise.In general, to master a foreign language and understand the computer ope ration knowledge and also that a complex talent will look like a duck. Un derstand technology, good management, to understand the modus operand i of international market professionals the most popular. More pretty wor ds compound talents.。