运用“story map”解读高中英语阅读文本
文本解读在高中英语阅读教学中的应用——以Treatments for burns教学为例
Vol.18No.11课例研究引言教师文本解读的水平决定教学设计的效果，也影响学生的学习体验程度、认知发展的维度、情感参与的深度和学习成效的高度。
因此，提高文本解读能力是教师基于语篇内容培养学生核心素养，提高课堂教学实效和学生学习质量的关键（王蔷2015）。
关于文本解读，张秋会和王蔷（2016）结合拉丁文texere和《朗文当代高级英语词典（英汉双解）》（第四版）把文本解读解释为读者对文本和作者意图的分析与理解。
一、设计理念西方关于文本解读的理论有图式理论（Schema Theory），包括内容图式、文体图式和语言图式。
内容图式是指与文章主题相关的内容大意及各个部分之间意义的关联，文体图式是指关于文章体裁和文体结构方面的知识，语言图式是指关于文章的词汇、语法、句法和修辞等方面的知识（裴光刚2002）。
下面，笔者以一篇关于烫伤急救知识的文章———Treatments for burns的教学为例分析如何引导学生以图式理论进行文本解读。
从内容图式来看，文章标题和各部分的内容具有整体和部分的逻辑关系。
围绕标题Treatments for burns，文章介绍了皮肤的作用，烫伤的原因、种类，以及不同种类烫伤所表现出来的主要症状和应采取的措施。
从文体图式来看，阅读语篇一般会通过特定的文体形式来呈现主题和内容。
Treatments for burns 的体裁是说明文，文章的基本结构是由三级标题组成的，从多个角度（原因、性质、特点、措施）说明烫伤。
二、教学内容Treatments for burns是围绕烫伤急救话题展开的说明文，全文以小标题作为支架，分别介绍了皮肤的功能、烫伤的原因、烫伤的种类和特征、治疗方法。
烫伤是日常生活中常见的事故，学生对其非常熟悉。
按照英语课堂教学的一般程序，活动分为呈现活动、练习活动和交际活动。
每一种活动都有很多方式，且活动是交叉进行的。
三、学情分析授课对象为高二年级一个文科普通班，学生总体上学习态度认真，做事情循规蹈矩，课堂气氛不太活跃。
牛津高中英语模块8Reading课文翻译
Unit 1Appreciating literatureWhat is classic literature? Classics are the antiques of the literary world. They are novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written and well received that people still read them today. They are examples of great writing and wisdom, and even those written centuries ago can still be found in bookshops and libraries today.Because a lot of classics were written so long ago, the language used in them is quite different from the language used today. This makes them difficult for some people to read, and often, the classics are left to gather dust on shelves. Many people do not read them because they think that they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today.However, if this is true, why do we still find classics in bookshops and libraries?They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world today. Why else would many films based on them be successful? In 1995, Clueless, the award-winning film based on Jane Aus tin’s novel Emma, was released. Three years later, in 1998, a modern adaptation of Charles Dickens’s novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas. I do not think that these classic novels would be made into films if they had nothing to do with life today.Charles Dickens: ‘England’s greatest writer’Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth, England in 1812. He wrote many novels. Olive Twist, David Copperfield and Great Expectations are probably his best-known works. He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers, and some were later performed on stage. For people at that time, his stories were like the soap operas we see on TV today.He died in 1870 and his tomb reads, ‘by his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.’Great ExpectationsGreat Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.Dickens uses Pip, the main character, to tell the story. Pip is not only a character, he also tells the story of Great Expectations. Pip lives with his older sister and her husband Joe. Pip’s sister seldom has a kind word to say, but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a misty field of tombs when a man appears and frightens him. Mist is a symbol of danger and uncertainty in Great Expectations. Classic novels often have symbols which add interest, tension or deeper meaning to the text. Readers may not be able to see the danger, so they need a symbol like the mist to make it clearer to them.There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a lot of money. Pip is about18 years old when this happens, and the fortune sets him free from the financial worries. Pip makes the abrupt decision to move from Kent, which is a constant remainder of his shabby beginnings, to the bright lights of London.Excited by his move to London, Pip can hardly wait to begin his new life. Money and education have changed him, and before long he develops the shortcomings of being shallow and having prejudice, even against his old companions. Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London. He has rigid ideas of what it means to be civil and to be a gentleman, and is embarrassed by Joe he does not fit these.Pip is bent on becoming a gentle man and winning Estella’s love. Estella is a beautiful girl, and for Pip, she is a symbol of education and money. What it really means to be a gentleman is an important theme in Great Expectations. Is an educated person with a lot of money a gentleman? Or is a gentleman somebody who is kind and good to his friends?By the end of the novel, Pip has changed a lot. He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education. This change in Pip is called character development and is an important part of any novel. Does Joe forgive Pip? Does Pip get the girl of his dreams? You will just have to read it yourself to find out!1. What does classic literature refer to in the passage?A. Literary works written in classical form.B. Literary works with a long history.C. Literary works that were written long ago, well written and well received.D. Novels, plays and poems that were written long ago.2. According to the author, classic literature ________.A. is old-fashioned and boringB. has nothing to do with life todayC. is novels that can be made into filmsD. still has a place in today’s world3. All of the following are written by Charles Dickens EXCEPT ________.A. Oliver TwistB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. CluelessD. Great Expectations4. What is/are the theme(s) in Great Expectations?A. Wealth does not buy happiness.B. What it means to be a gentleman.C. Friends are more important than a fancy education.D. All of above.5. What is the author’s intention in writing the article?A. She tries to convince us to adopt a new point of view towards classics.B. She asks us to reconsider our ideas about the films based on classics.C. She tells us that classics are the antiques of the literary world.D. She suggests that there are enough classics in bookshops and libraries.Unit 2Turandot in BeijingBy Jane JonesLast night, I witnessed the first of only eight performances of Giacomo Puccini’s world-famous opera, Turandot, being performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. The performance was splendid. It starred some of the world’s greatest opera singers. Many great Chinese musicians, actors and singers were also cast. Puccini, an Italian, wrote Turandot towards the end of his life, in 1924. He liked East Asia very much and also wrote Madam Butterfly, which is set in Japan.Turandot is the story of a cold-hearted Chinese princess, named Turandot, who lives in Beijing’s Forbidden City. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potentia l husband must answer three riddles correctly or die.Just imaging performing such an opera in the Forbidden City------there could not be a better setting! You could almost feel the history. The weather was also perfect for an outdoor performance. Instead of a stage curtain, there were decorated panels covered with red and gold, and traditional Chinese drums were used to announce the start of the opera.The story begins when a prince is killed for being unable to answer Turandot’s riddles. Shortly afterwards, another prince, Calaf, sees Turandot for the first time and falls in love. The handsome prince says that he will solve the riddles and marry her. Then, in a moving solo performance, a young slave of Calaf’s father, Liu expresses her love for Calaf. The story then takes on a classic triangle featuring Calaf, Turandot, and Liu, whose love for Calaf is unconditional.In the story, Turandot was drunk with power. She even dares to try and exercise control over her father, the emperor of China, who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband. The emperor finds the deaths of so many men disturbing and although he would like to, he cannot break his promise.Calaf recites the answers to the Turandot’s questions correctly, but she is greatly upset by this. Seeing this, Calaf says that if she can guess his name by sunshine, she does not have to marry him. Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies Liu because he knows his name. while she is being tortured, Liu grabs a sward from a guard and kills herself. Everyone is shocked by this. After Liu kills herself, Calaf kisses Turandot and finally wins her affection. Then Calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in Turandot’s hands.The opera finishes with a beautifully-sung final duet, which was so moving that the audience fell silent. At the end of the story, the prince and princess marry and the whole city celebrates their happiness. Unfortunately, Puccini died before he completed this final scene, but he left notes for the final duet, which was completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.An opera company staged the opera in Beijing in the 1990s, but the performance I saw was the first time Turandot was staged inside the Forbidden City. The production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents in music, staging and directing. The orchestra was conducted by the Zubin Mehta, an internationally famous conductor, who was born in India. The opera was directed by the well-known Chinese director, Zhang Yimou. In the Beijing performance I saw, Turandot was played by Sharon Sweet from the USA, Liu was played by another opera singer from the USA, Barbara Hendricks, and Calaf was sung by Kristjan Johannsson from Iceland. They were all excellent.The Forbidden City is an area where once only the emperor, his family and officials were allowed. However, in this wonderful production, it has been transformed into the location for a beautiful and heartbreaking love story. The bringing together of this group of people from many countries, the music, and the setting are clearly the key components of this amazing production.1. Who completed the world-famous opera Turandot?A. Giacomo Puccini alone.B. Puccini’s former student Franco Alfano.C. Giacomo Puccini and Franco Alfano.D. Kristjan Johannsson from Iceland.2. How many times was Turandot staged in the Forbidden City according to the article?A. Only once.B. Twice.C. Eight times.D. Unknown.3. What does the writer mean by saying “there could not be a better setting”?A. Because the weather was perfect for an outdoor performance.B. Because she felt that the audience could almost feel the history.C. There were decorated panels covered with red and gold.D. Because Turandot was born in the Forbidden City.4. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Liu’s love for Calaf is unconditional.B. The story takes on a classic love triangle.C. Calaf finally wins Turandot’s affection.D. Hundreds of princes were killed for being unable to answer Turandot’s riddles.5. We may conclude from the passage that ________.A. more princes would be killed if it were not for CalafB. no prince could solve Turandot’s riddlesC. Calaf would marry both Liu and Turandot if Liu were still alive.D. Liu could have won Calaf’s affection if she hadn’t killed herself.Unit 3Visiting the mastersHi Yang Yan,Here I am in Amsterdam. This trip has been fantastic! As you know, I am with my aunt and grandmother. They are both very talented artists, and I am thinking about starting painting myself after I get back. Let me tell you all about our trip.We started in Spain and went to the city of Málaga, the birthplace of Pablo Picasso. The house where Picasso was born is now a museum full of his art. Málaga is a lovely city and the architecture is beautiful. I was amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20000 pieces of art and he wasn’t just a painter. He drew pictures for books, and was also a sculptor and photographer. He developed different style of painting, including cubism, which is a type of art where things are represented as geometric shapes. My grandmother really likes cubist paintings and thinks he is the greatest artist ever.After visiting Spain, we flew to Paris. In Paris, all the buildings were very historic. The architecture was my favorite part of Paris. Everything was just so beautiful!During our four days in Paris we spent one whole day at the Louvre Museum. I thought it was going to be very boring, but it wasn’t. In the Louvre Museum is the famous Mona Lisa painting by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. He created this masterpiece between 1503 and 1506. I am sure you have seen this picture of a lady with dark hair and a mysterious smile. This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it. Besides being a painter, da Vinci was also a sculptor, an architect, an engineer and a scientist. He made a lot of scientific discoveries that he shared with the world, particularly in the field of astronomy.Besides the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century. It doesn’t have any modern paintings in it. Modern paintings are not all kept at another museum in the city called the Musée d’Orsay. We went there on our second day in Paris because my aunt wanted to see the works of Claude Monet.Monet was a French painter who lived between 1840 and 1926. He loved to paint lotus flowers so much that he built a special garden at his home, where hundreds of lotus plants floated on the surface of a pond. I think it would feel very peaceful to live there. My aunt wants to go back to France again to see the garden. She almost wept because we missed it this time.Now let me tell you about our trip to Amsterdam. On the way here, we flew over a thunderstorm. Some people were scared, but I liked seeing the thunder in the clouds beneath the plane. Eventually, the thunderstorm stopped and we saw a beautiful rainbow in the clouds.Yesterday we went to the Van Gogh Museum. Van Gogh painted everything from people tonature during his ten years of painting. He painted about 800 oil paintings and did 1600 drawings. One of his most famous oil paintings is The Potato Eaters,which he painted in 1885. His early paintings used a style called Impressionism, but towards the end of his life, he created more abstract artwork. He did 36 paintings of himself, and his most famous still lifes are of sunflowers. One of my favorites of his paintings is called Starry Night, which he completed in 1889.The sad thing is that although Van Gogh devoted his whole self to painting, he only sold one painting before he died in 1890. His younger brother, Theo, tried hard to sell and distribute Van Gogh’s paintings to buyers, but he was never able to negotiate a successful sale. Although we adore his work today, Van Gogh was not successful while he was alive.Tomorrow we are off to another museum in Amsterdam. The most famous paintings there are by Rembrandt. He lived from 1606 until 1669. My aunt really wants to see a painting of his called the Night Watchman, which was painted in1642.I’ll tell you more about my trip when I get back..Regards,Li Ming1. Pablo Picasso developed different styles of painting in his life, and ________ is one of them.A. cubismB. impressionismC. portraitD. still life2. Leonardo da Vinci wasn’t just a painter; he was also all of the following EXCEPT ________.A. an architectB. an engineerC. a photographerD. a sculptor3. If you want to see the works of Glaude Monet, you should go to ________.A. the Louvre MuseumB. the Musee d’OrsayC. AmsterdamD. the city of Malaga4. ________ made van Gogh’s early paintings special, according to the passage.A. The 800 oil paintings and 1,600 drawingsB. The style called impressionismC. The 36 paintings towards the end of his lifeD. His unsuccessful career while he was alive.5. How many museums did Li Ming mention in the e-mail?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. FiveUnit 4Important film events around the worldHost: welcome to our weekly programme, Movie Magic. Our guests today are representatives from six of the major international film festivals. Those spokeswomen and spokesmen will tell us about the festivals they represent. Joining us in the studio are Isabel Rose from the Cannes Film Festival, Hanz Muller from the Berlin International Film Festival, Kathy Barnes from the Sundance Film Festival, Maria Bella from the Venice Film Festival, Mike Taylor from theToronto International Film Festival and Xu Li from the Shanghai International Film Festival.Welcome, everyone! Maria, do tell us a little about the Venice Film Festival.Maria: Well, I think it is right appropriate for me to begin our discussion. The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world. It began in 1932. Our festival is part of a larger festival which celebrates contemporary art. We view film as a type of contemporary art.Host: Kathy, please tell us about the Sundance Film Festival.Kathy: Unlike the Venice Film Festival, Sundance Film Festival only includes small, independent films. That is, it only includes those not financed by Hollywood studios. Many are made by amateur directors and star amateur stars.Maria: Kathy, I hate to interrupt you, but in defence of the V enice Film Festival, I have to point out that we don’t just feature Hollywood films. Our policy is to include high-quality films, regardless of who makes them. We don’t dis tinguish between Hollywood films and independent ones. As long as the film’s quality meets our standards, we include it.Kathy: The Sundance Film Festival boycotts all Hollywood films, and we don’t foresee ever including them. The idea for our festival was hatched back in 1978, when it was known as the Utah/US Film Festival. However, it was not well-known until 1981. it was then that Robert Redford tool over and changed the focus to saluting independent films. It was renamed the Sundance Film Festival in 1991. Redford has acted in and directed many big Hollywood films, and so he knew how many actors and directors were making good films unknown to the public. Now, ifa film wins an award at Sundance, there is a good chance it will become famous!Isabel: Cannes is another festival that can make films famous. If a film wins a victory at the Cannes Film Festival, everyone will hear about it. I think it is fair to say that Cannes is the most famous and exciting festival.Hanz: I hate to contradict you, but in recent years, the Cannes Film Festival has given awards mostly to American films. So critics say that it has taken a step backwards, and is beginning to resemble the Academy Awards in Hollywood too much.Isabel: Well, yes, films shown at Cannes are often made with large budgets, and have well-known actors and directors. Many of them are American, but we reject the idea that we have lost our international angle. Considering the history of our festival, we feel it is important not to favor films from any one country. The Cannes Film Festival was started in 1939 because many people felt that the Venice Film Festival was giving awards to only German and Italian films. Hanz: Well, in my opinion, most people agree that the Berlin Film Festival is one of the most international of all the film festivals. Since it began in 1951, we have given awards to films from all around the globe. Hollywood films are in the minority at our festival, and films fromsmaller countries that would be overlooked at Cannes, for example, have a real chance of winning in Berlin.Mike: I am the spokesman for the Toronto International Film Festival, which began in 1975 and very quickly became one of the main film festivals around the world. Each year, famous actors and directors come to Toronto, and the whole film world pays attention to who wins. It is the second largest festival in the world------only Cannes is bigger. Our festival tries to show films from many countries, but gives some bonus awards to Canadian films.Xu Li: I represent the Shanghai International Film Festival. Our festival was founded in 1993 so we are perhaps the youngest festival. Even though we have only existed a short time, our festival has a good reputation worldwide. We are the only international film festival in China. We show films from many different countries and the highlight of the festival each year is the ‘Jinjue’ or Golden Cup Award.1. Which of the following festivals views film as a type of contemporary art?A. The Sundance Film Festival.B. The Venice Film Festival.C. The Cannes Film Festival.D. The Toronto International Film Festival.2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the transcript?A. The Venice Film Festival includes small, independent films.B. The Shanghai International Film Festival is the youngest one in the world.C. The Cannes Film Festival has given awards mostly to films from the US in recent years.D. The Sundance Film Festival will include Hollywood films in the future.3. What is the particular feature of the Sundance Film Festival?A. It directs focus to saluting independent films.B. The idea of the festival was hatched back as early as in 1978.C. It was renamed by Robert Redford in 1991.D. The film awarded by it will become famous in the world.4. ________ is the largest film festival in the world followed by ________.A. The Academy Awards; the Cannes Film FestivalB. The Cannes Film Festival; the Sundance Film FestivalC. The Toronto International Film Festival; the Sundance Film FestivalD. The Cannes Film Festival; the Toronto International Film Festival5. At which film festival are you likely to find films made by amateur actors from smaller countries?A. The Shanghai International Film Festival.B. The Sundance Film Festival.C. The Berlin Film Festival.D. The Academy Awards.文学欣赏什么是经典文学？经典文学作品是文学世界的珍贵遗产。
人教版高中英语必修1Unit 2课文讲解
必修1 第二单元 Reading 阅读 课文讲解
• 那么，随着时间的推移英语为什么发生了变化呢？实际 上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所 发展和变化。开始，英格兰人在大约公元450年到1150 年之间所说的英语与我们今天所说的英语很不一样。当 时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，不像我们现在说的 英语。后来，大约在公元800年至1150年之间，英语慢 慢变得不那么像德语，因为统治英格兰的那些人开始是 说丹麦语，后来说法语。这些新来的定居者丰富了英语 语言，尤其是丰富了英语词汇。所以到17世纪初的时候， 莎士比亚能够得以使用比以往任何时候都丰富的词汇。 1620年一些英国定居者来到了美洲，后来到了18世纪的 时候，一些英国人还被带到了澳大利亚。英语也就开始 在这两个国家使用。
必修1 第二单元 Reading 阅读 课文讲解
THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH通往现代英语 之路
So 那么why has English changed over time 在一段时间里? Actually all languages change
and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other不同文化交流渗 透. At first 首先the English （spoken in En gland between about AD 450 and 1150 ）was very different from the English（ spoken today.）
必修1 第二单元 Reading 阅读 课文讲解 THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH通往现代 英语之路
《牛津高中英语》阅读课教学案例及分析（译林牛津版英语高二）
《牛津高中英语》阅读课教学案例及分析 (译林牛津版英语高二)一、教学课型: 阅读理解课二、教材分析1. 教材内容见《牛津高中英语》模块一 Unit 1 （Pages 2—3）2. 教材处理该篇文章主要介绍中国学生Wei Hua在英国为期一年的留学经历。
通过她对英国中学生活的描述，学生对英国中学生的日常学习情况增加一定的了解。
但由于内容较多以及中英文化方面的差异，在阅读过程中，对于刚进入高中学习的学生，他们中有些在完全理解课文方面有一定的困难。
针对上述分析，本课在设计时先以录像导入的形式，增加学生对文章有关的感性知识；然后采用略读的方法，培养学生阅读整体观念；在随后的细节处理时，采取寻读、细节理解、正误辨别的方法；在难点处理时，通过启发诱导，教师归纳的措施加以突破。
整个教学过程的设计由浅入深，由感悟、理解、分析、归纳、总结到运用，从而完成从阅读输入到理解输出的学习过程，达到培养学生阅读能力的目标。
3. 教学目标①知识目标: 通过该文的学习,帮助学生对英国中学作息时间、班级规模、所学科目、课程内容、学习负担等学校生活有具体的了解。
②能力目标: 通过寻找文章大意及具体细节问题的答案，培养学生快速归纳文章主旨和获取文章细节的阅读能力。
③文化目标: 通过对课文的学习、有助于学生对英国中学生活全面而深入的理解，体会中英两国之间由于国情、历史的不同所产生的文化教育的差异。
4. 教学的重点和难点①重点：对英国中学生活的具体了解和中英两国之间的文化教育的差异。
②难点：如何培养学生运用略读（skimming）和寻读（scanning）阅读技巧来快速获取主旨大意和细节信息的能力。
三、教学设计1. 总体思路本课的教学设计采用：阅读前（导入）、阅读中（略读，寻读，辨别正误，比较, 分组活动, 巩固）、阅读后（运用）三部分。
2. 教学过程Step 1 Lead-inT: Now, Class, we have learned English since the primary sch ool, and we have known some British language, culture, history and some other British lives. But do you know what the British s chool life is really like? If you want to know the answer, please w atch the following video.(设计说明:由学生从小学以来的英语学习,自然过度到对对英语语言、文化、历史等方面的了解，进而提及到英国中学生活，激发学生对该话题的兴趣,为下文做很好的背景铺垫。
高三英语专题汇编阅读理解(人物故事)(一)及解析
高三英语专题汇编阅读理解(人物故事)(一)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解Half a DayI walked alongside my father, holding his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time."Why school?" I asked my father. "What have I done?""I'm not punishing you," he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don't you want to be useful like your brothers?"I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by you," said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others."I hesitated and squeezed his hand firmly, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man", he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave."I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?""My father," I whispered."My father's dead," he said simply.I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along and said, "This is your new home. There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully."Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences.（1）On the way to school, the boy felt .A. happyB. embarrassedC. upsetD. excited（2）About schooling, Father suggested .A. wearing a smileB. tearing himself away from gamesC. waiting for parentsD. throwing himself to studying（3） helped him most on the first day at school.A. Teachers and classmatesB. Courtyards and buildingsC. Father and brotherD. New uniforms and shoes（4）What would probably happen next?A. The school life would turn out to be a failure.B. Boys in the school would watch him curiously.C. He would open up a new journey of colorful life.D. His parents would accompany him at the school.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者第一天去学校的时候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他结交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。
Story_Map_在高中英语读后续写教学实践中的应用——以2023年全国高考新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写为例
Story Map 在高中英语读后续写教学实践中的应用——以2023年全国高考新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写为例陈希南（南宁市第八中学）摘要：读后续写作为新高考英语写作的新题型，可以有效地考查学生的阅读能力和写作水平，而使用Story Map 有助于培养学生的续写思维和写作能力。
英语教师应深入分析读后续写题型，认真探索以Story Map 促进高中英语叙事文本类读后续写教学的途径，采取绘制Story Map 、挖掘续写突破点、合理想象续编故事、明确标准以评促写等做法，帮助学生出色完成续写。
关键词：Story Map ；高中英语；读后续写；教学实践；可视化中图分类号：G63文献标识码：A 文章编号：0450-9889（2024）08-0125-06作者简介：陈希南，1981年生，广西陆川人，硕士研究生，高级教师，主要研究方向为高中英语教学。
《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》对读后续写题型的说明是“提供一篇350词以内的材料，要求考生根据所给情节续写一篇150词左右的文章，使之构成一个完整的故事”。
分析历年高考真题，读后续写多以一篇未完待续的记叙文形式呈现，将英语阅读与写作相结合，要求学生基于阅读材料完成一篇与原文有内容衔接，且情节和结构完整的英语短文。
在续写过程中，学生需要创造性地续写结尾，实现语言模仿和创造性输出的有机结合。
该题型综合考查了学生的英语阅读能力、思维能力、写作能力和学习能力，该题型答题难度较大，导致部分学生不知所措，无从下笔。
Story Map 是由20世纪七十年代美国约瑟夫·D ·诺瓦克（Joseph D.Novak ）博士基于有意义学习理论提出的可视化概念图。
该图是英语教师在课堂教学中，根据英语叙事文本遵循的概念图式或故事叙述，形成相应的视觉图式，教会学生在叙事文本学习中通过使用Story Map 去发现和梳理故事的结构和大意，从而学会阅读故事、理解故事，最后达到创编故事目的概念图［1］。
新教材人教版高中英语必修一 Unit 2 如何判断文本类型
如何判断文本类型本单元的一个阅读任务是判断教材各语篇（P26-27）类型是Encyclopedia （百科全书）还是Brochure（旅游指南）。
我们先来看看这两种文本类型的英文解释。
Encyclopedia:A book or set of books giving information about all areas of knowledge or about different areas of one particular subject.Brochure:A small magazine or book containing pictures and information about something or advertising something. eg. a travel/holiday brochure.从两者的英文释义可知，百科全书（Encyclopedia）是概要记述人类一切知识门类或某一知识门类的工具书；百科全书的主要作用是供人们检查必要的知识和事实资料。
旅游指南（Brochure）主要包含旅游计划、线路、乘坐的交通工具、居住的酒店、游览的地方等要素；其作用是方便人们旅游。
请同学们快速浏览教材文本，通过文本的标题（Title）、信息标题（Headers）、图片（Picture）、图表（Charts）和其它信息把握文本的主要特征。
首先看介绍Peru这一文本（PERU is a country ... official language of Peru），该部分从地理位置、地形特点和政治历史方面介绍了秘鲁的客观情况，其目的是给读者提供关于秘鲁的事实性信息，符合encyclopedia的文本特点（giving information, different areas of one particular subject），故该短文是百科全书类文本。
接下来，我们看TRAVEL PERU部分的四个小语篇，从标题（Travel Peru）、信息标题（Amazon Rainforest Tour, Machu Picchu Tour, Cusco Tour, Lake Titicaca Tour）、图画及各地观光方式展开介绍，目的是为读者提供各景点的信息，该四个文本符合旅游指南（containing pictures and information about something or advertising something）的文本特点，故这四个语篇是旅游指南类文本。
Story map在《典范英语》教学中的应用初探
外语教学与研究2021.71.引言Story map 教学法是指教师在阅读教学,根据教学内容的故事情节,将故事发展脉络串联起来形成一个清晰的分析思路,从而帮助学生梳理故事内容,以达到更好地理解阅读材料目的的一种教学方法。
Story map 是《典范英语》阅读教学的重要手段之一,它能够培养学生的概括能力、口头表述能力、思辨能力、写作能力等各项能力,从而提高了学生的英语综合素质。
武汉市英语中考中,文本阅读的分值占到了55分,广大一线教师在日常教学也特别重视阅读教学。
但在教学环节上往往会出现一些偏差。
集中表现在:(1)阅读材料单一。
多重视课本上的文本阅读教学,即使补充阅读材料也多局限于课本相关的话题阅读,故事性阅读少。
这样的阅读材料很难引起学生的兴趣。
(2)教学程序化严重。
在教授过程中不能突破快速阅读(Fast-reading )、仔细阅读(Careful-reading)和读后活动(Discussion 等)这样的模式。
教学过程设计单一,令学生感到枯燥乏味,学习兴趣丧失。
(3)重语法轻理解。
我校在使用教材之余,引入《典范英语》作为阅读教材。
《典范英语》的特点是故事性强,符合学生心理发展特点,故事发展曲折,文化内涵丰富。
阅读这样优秀的文学作品能够使学生在语言和人文内涵两方面都得到发展。
2.Story map 教学法阐述2.1什么是Story map ?Story map 是美国康奈尔大学诺瓦克(J.D.Novak)教授等根据David Ausubel 的有意义学习理论在二十世纪七十年代研究出来的一种教学工作。
它用节点代表概念,用连线表示概念间的关系。
研究表明,教授学生如何分析故事结构能够大大加强他们对故事的理解。
Story map 教学法是指教师在阅读教学,根据教学内容的故事情节,将故事发展脉络串联起来形成一个清晰的分析思路,从而帮助学生梳理故事内容,以达到更好地理解阅读材料目的的一种教学方法。
2.2将Story map 应用到《典范英语》教学中的优势首先,Story map 最大的优势在于它脉络清晰,直观性强。
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二 英 语 阅读 教 学 改 进 行 动
１ ．初 始 调 查
” （ Ｔ ｒ ａ ｂ ａ ｓ ｓ ｏ＆Ｂ ｏ ｕ ｃ ｈ ａ ｒ ｄ ， ２ ０ ０ ２ ； Ａｒ ｍｂ ｒ ｕ ｓ ｔ ｅ ｒ ， Ｌ ｅ ｈ ｒ ， ＆Ｏ ｓ ｂ ｏ ｍ， ２ ０ ０ １ ） 。
从学生“ 学” 的角度而言 ， 目前学生对英语 阅读学 习的认识几乎 与 做 阅读理解题划上等号 ， 他们认为要提高 阅读能力就要 多做 阅读理解
意力更 集中 ， 紧紧跟随老师的步伐 ， 生怕漏掉 些什 么 ， 早读时间学生朗 读非常带劲 ， 画画读读背背 ， 体会着文本传 递给读 者的各种信息 ， 当然
对课 文文本本身也更加熟悉 了。课后 对部 分学生进行了 口头采访 ， 学 生普遍 反映这样 的课堂 比较“ 累” ， 但内容容易记忆 、 理解更透彻。 这种
的关系。我们 可以把概念 图作为用图的方式来构建知识 ， 组织信息和 表征 知识 的一 种教学 和学 习策略 。” Ｒｅ ｓ ｅ ａ ｒ ｃ ｈ ｓ ｈ ｏ ｗ ｓ ｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｔ ｅ ａ ｃ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｓ ｔ ｕ —
ｄ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｓ ａ ｂ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｐ ｌ ａ ｎ ｏ ｒ ｓ ｔ ｒ ｕ ｃ ｔ ｕ ｒ ｅ ｏ ｆ ａ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒ ｌ ｅ ａ ｄ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｉ ｍｐ ｒ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｄ ｃ ｏ ｍｐ ｒ ｅ ｈ ｅ ｎ ｓ ｉ ｏ ｎ ．
解 阅读 材 料 的 目的 关键词 ： ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｍａ ｒ ｐ 教 学法 教 学 现状 评 估 与 反 恩
一
、
高 中英 语 课 堂 阅 读 教 学现 状
学习任何语 言都需要大量 阅读 ， 学 习英语也一样 。阅读课是高 中 英语教学中最重要的课 型，在 日常教学过程 中师生都非常重视 阅读 ， 但是教与学的环节往往会 出现一些偏差。 从教师“ 教” 的角度 而言 ， 首先 ， 在高考指挥棒下 ， 大部分教 师还是 认为阅读教学首先要解决 的是语言点 的问题 ， 还是奔着应试 的 目的在 进行阅读教学。因此 ， 往往在 阅读课上花相 当多 的时 间“ 踏踏实实 ” 地 讲解语言点。 其次 ， 课堂阅读 教学中“ 拿来 主义” 和“ 程序化” 比较严 重 ， 略读 、 查读 、 精读 、 找信息 、 回答 问题 、 概括大意 、 猜词 、 小组活动 、 讨论
题 。因 此 ， 出现了“ 轻 阅读 课 、 重 阅读 练 习 ” 的现象。
所谓 ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒ ｍａ ｐ教学法是指教 师在 英语课堂教学 中 ，根据教学 内 容的故事情节 ， 将 知识 点串联起来形 成一 个分析思路 ， 而形成的分析 思路像一幅地图， 将地 图式分析思路引导学生讲述教学 内容 的故事情 节， 以达到理解 阅读材料 的目的。 简而言之 ， 就是用简单的流程 图表现 出故事的发展状况 。Ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒ ｍ ａ ｐ建立 的理论 支撑是记忆 图形化 ， 即采用 图像的方法帮助记忆 和理解 。前人研究的结果表 明， 图形记忆
运用“ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｒ ｙ ｍ ａ ｐ ＂ 解读高中英语阅 读文本
沈 园 园
（ 浙江省杭 州 １ 市余杭 高级 中学 ３ １ ０ ０ ０ ０ ）
摘 要 ： Ｓ ｔ ｏ ｒ ｙ ｍａ ｐ （ 概念图 ＼ 思 维 地 图） 是 由 美 国康 奈 儿 大 学诺 瓦 克 （ Ｊ ． Ｄ ． Ｎ【 ） ｖ ａ ｋ ） 教授等根据 Ｄ ａ ｖ ｉ ｄ Ａ ｕ ｓ ｕ ｂ ｅ ｌ 的 有 意 义 学 习理 论 在 上 个 时 间 ７ ０
３ ．将 ｓ ｔ ｏ ｒ ｙ ｍａ ｐ运 用 在 文 本 教 学 中 的 必 要 性
综上 ， 笔者认 为 目前 的大多数英语 阅读教学仍然处 于浅层 次阅读
的状态 ， 传统的“ 梳理文本信息——语言知识讲解 ” 的阅读模式 仍然 占
主导地位 ， 对文本的信息解读不 到位 ， 文本处理简单肤浅 ， 学 生的阅读 还是处于一种被动的浅层次的状态 。 这种 阅读课不利于培养学生的阅 读策略 ， 也不利于学生探究 意识 的培养和思维能力的训练。
通过几次初步的尝试我们发现使用这种方法后课堂上学生注作为老师可以将自己一贯的教学方式进行一个改变设立英语角话剧舞台等多种课堂活动把英语听和说的能力放于舞台表演和英语交流之中伴之轻松的活动气氛完成英语教学和听力训练相信这个办法定会得到学生的欢迎学生的应以听力水平也会有所提高
１ ０ ． ３ ９ ６ ９ ／ ｉ ． ｉ ｓ ｓ ｎ ． １ ０ ０ ３ — ６ ８ ２ ２ （ ｊ ） ． ２ ０ １ ４ ． １ ２ ． ０ ０ ２
年 代 研 究 出 来的 一 种教 学 工作 ， 它 用 节点 代 表 概 念 。用 连 线表 示概 念 间 的 关 系 。ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙｍ ｒ ａ ｐ教 学法 是 指 教 师在 英语 课 堂教 学 中 ， 根 据 教 学 内容 的 故
事情节 ， 将 知 识 点 串联 起 来 形 成 一 个分 析 思路 ， 而 形 成 的 分 析 思路 像 一 幅 地 图 ， 将 地 图 式 分 析 思 路 引导 学生 讲 述 教 学 内容 的故 事 情 节 ， 以达 到 理
结构化 、 互相关联 的思维导图对阅读文本 的解读很有帮助 。
２ ． Ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒ ｍａ ｐ教 学 法 阐 述
Ｓ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒ ｍａ ｐ （ 概念图 ＼ 思维地 图 ） 是 由美 国康奈儿 大学诺瓦 克（ Ｊ ． Ｄ ．
Ｎ ｏ ｖ ａ ｋ ） 教授等根据 Ｄ ａ ｖ ｉ ｄ Ａ ｕ ｓ ｕ ｂ ｅ ｌ 的有意义学习理论在上个时间 ７ Ｏ 年 代研究出来 的一种教学工作 ， 它用节点代表概念。用连线表示概念 间