(精选)高中英语阅读短文之《粮食》
Unit 1 Using language 人物介绍 高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
Yuan Longping’s work is so important that he helped solve the problem of food shortage
The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, a committed and patient agricultural scientist in our country. He was well-known because he devoted his entire life to improving the technology of hybrid rice
Born in +地点+时间，sb. graduated from…. Born into a ….family, sb did sth
• 袁隆平1930年出生于北京，毕业于西南农业大学(Southwest Agricultural College). • 宋庆龄出生在一个富裕的家庭，接受了良好的教育并到美国学习。 • 他出生在一个音乐世家(musical family)，在她还是个小女孩的时候就显示出她的音乐
Para2.人物介绍-主要事迹 In 1967, she was chosen to join a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria. Her team examined many old medical tests, and evaluated lots of plants for their medical properties. They even insisted on testing the
高中英语阅读理解高频考点专项练习题(历年高频考点真题) (1017) output
一、阅读理解1. 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Waste to Energy—JUST BURN IT!WHY BURN WASTE?Waste-to-energy plants generate (产生) enough electricity to supply 2.4 million households in the US. But, providing electricity is not the major advantage of waste-to-energy plants. In fact, it costs more to generate electricity at a waste-to-energy plant than it does at a coal, nuclear, or hydropower plant.The major advantage of burning waste is that it considerably reduces the amount of trash going to landfills. The average American produces more than 1,600 pounds of waste a year. If all this waste were landfilled, it would take more than two cubic yards of landfill space. That’s the volume of a box three feet long, three feet wide, and six feet high. If that waste were burned, the ashes would fit into a box three feet long, three feet wide, but only nine inches high!Some communities in the Northeast may be running out of land for new landfills. And, since most people don’t want landfills in their backyards, it has become more difficult to obtain permits to build new landfills. Taking the country as a whole, the United States has plenty of open space, of course, but it is expensive to transport garbage a long distance to put it into a landfill.TO BURN OR NOT TO BURN?Some people are concerned that burning garbage may harm the environment. Like coal plants, waste-to-energy plants produce air pollution when the fuel is burned to produce steam or electricity. Burning garbage releases the chemicals and substances found in the waste. Some chemicals can be a threat to people, the environment, or both, if they are not properly controlled.Some critics of waste-to-energy plants are afraid that burning waste will hamper (妨碍，阻碍) recycling programs. If everyone sends their trash to a waste-to-energy plant, they say, there will be little motive to recycle. Several states have considered or are considering banning waste-to-energy plants unless recycling programs are in place. Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork City have delayed new waste-to-energy plants, hoping to increase the level of recycling first.So, what’s the real story? Can recycling and burning waste coexist? At first glance, recycling and waste-to-energy seem to be at odds (不一致), but they can actually complement (弥补) each other. That’s because it makes good sense to recycle some materials, and better sense to burn others.Let’s look at aluminum, for example. Aluminum mineral is so expensive to mine that recycling aluminum more than pays for itself. Burning it produces no energy. So clearly, aluminum is valuable to recycle and not useful to burn.Paper, on the other hand, can either be burned or recycled—it all depends on the price the used paper will bring.Plastics are another matter. Because plastics are made from petroleum and natural gas, they are excellent sources of energy for waste-to-energy plants. This is especially true since plastics are not as easy to recycle as steel, aluminum, or paper. Plastics almost always have to be hand sorted and making a product from recycled plastics may cost more than making it from new materials.To burn or not to burn is not really the question. We should use both recycling and waste-to-energy as alternatives to landfilling.Waste to Energy—JUST BURN IT!2. “Whatever your job is, the chances are that one of these machines can do it faster or better than you can.”As innovation accelerates, thousands of jobs will disappear, just as it has happened in the previous cycles of industrial revolutions. Machines powered by narrow AI algorithms can already perform certain 3-D tasks (“dull, dirty and dangerous”) much better than humans. This may create enormous pain for those who are losing their jobs over the next few years, particularly if they don't acquire the computer-related skills that would enable them to find more creative opportunities. We must learn from the previous waves of creative destruction if we are to lessen human suffering and increasing inequality.For example, some statistics indicate that as much as 3% of the population in developed countries work as drivers. When automated cars become a reality in the next 15 to 25 years, we must offer people who will be “structurally unemployed” some sort of compensation income, training and re-positioning opportunities.Fortunately, the Schumpeterian waves of destructive innovation also create jobs. History has shown disruptive innovations are not always a zero-sum game. In the long run, the loss of low-added-value jobs to machines can have a positive impact in the overall quality of life of most workers.The A TM paradox is a good example of this. As the use of automatic teller machines spread in the 1980s and '90s, many predicted massive unemployment in the banking sector. Instead, A TMs created more jobs as the cost of opening new agencies decreased. The number of agencies multiplied, as did the portfolio of banking products. Thanks to automation, going to the bank offers a much better customer experience than in previous decades. And the jobs in the industry became better paid and were of better quality.This optimist scenario assumes, however, that education systems will do a better job of preparing our children to become good at what humans do best: creative and critical thinking. Less learning-by-heart and more learning-by-doing. Fewer clerical skills and more philosophical insights about human nature and how to cater to its infinite needs for art and culture.To become creative and critical thinkers, our children will need knowledge and wisdom more than raw data points. They need to ask “why?”,“how?” and “what if?” more often than “what?”, “who?” and “when?” And they must construct this knowledge by relying on databases as cognitive partners as soon as they learn how to read and write.Thus, the future of human-machine cooperation looks less like the scenario in the Terminator movies and more like a Minority Report-style of “augmented intelligence”. There will be jobs if we adapt the education system to equip our children to do what humans are good at: to think critically and creatively, to develop knowledge and wisdom, to appreciate and create beautiful works of art. That does not mean it will be a painless transition. Machines and automation will likely take away millions of low-quality jobs as it has happened in the past. But better-quality jobs will likely replace them, requiring less physical effort and shorter hours to deliver better results.3. 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
高中英语阅读理解高频考点专项练习题(历年高频考点真题) (3904) output
一、阅读理解1. 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rushing into business. Firms of all types are using AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. The McKinsey Global Institute, a think-tank within a consultancy, forecasts that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create economic value of $2.7trn over the next 20 years.Such grand forecasts fuel anxiety as well as hope. Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace.Start with the benefits.AI ought to improve productivity. Humanyze, a people analytics software provider, combines data from its badges（工牌）with employees’ calendars and e-mails to work out, say, whether office layouts favour teamwork .Slack, a workplace messaging app, helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish tasks. Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.Employees will gain, too. Thanks to advance in computer vision, AI can check that workers are wearing safety equipment and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor. Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. That starts with hiring. People often have biases but algorithms（算法）, if designed correctly, can be more unprejudiced. Software can flag patterns that people might miss.Y et AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks. Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers, which can have unintended consequences. The length of a travel may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity. And surveillance（监控）may feel Orwellian—a sensitive matter now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives.As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, data should be anonymized where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in aggregated（整合）form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent. Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered. As a matter of routine, algorithms used by firms to hire, fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended consequences. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to contest a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.The march of Al into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance. A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it chains employees. Striking a balance will require thought, a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt and a strong dose of humanity.2. 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
高中英语：阅读理解之推理判断专项讲解
高中英语：阅读理解之推理判断专项讲解【基础回顾】考点归纳：做出简单判断和推理（即推理判断题）阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即作者所要传达的信息。
在实际的阅读活动中，有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。
基础必读：推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。
这种题型包括判断题和推理题。
这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。
做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。
推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：（1）细节推断。
如时间、地点、人物关系等；（2）逻辑推断。
根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因；（3）目的、意图、态度推断。
根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度；（4）预测想象推断。
文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。
推理判断主要的设题方式有：（1）It can be inferred from the passage (or the last paragraph) that…解释：从文章中可以推断出(或最后一段)…（2）It can be learned from the passage (or the last paragraph) that…解释：从文章中可以知道(或最后一段)…（3）It can be concluded from the passage (or the last paragraph) that…解释：通过文章可以总结出(或最后一段)…（4）It implies that…解释：这意味着…（5）Where would you most probably find this passage?解释：你最有可能在哪里找到这篇文章?（6）What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)?解释：作者很可能会在下一段（或下文中）继续谈论什么?【技能方法】推理判断主要的解题策略有：（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。
【英语】高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧(很有用)及练习题
【英语】高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧(很有用)及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解Kaitlin Woolley and Ayelet Fishbach report in Psychological Science that a meal taken "family-style" from a central plate can greatly improve the outcome of later negotiations.Having conducted previous research in 2017 revealing that eating similar foods led to people feeling emotionally closer to one another, Dr Woolley and Dr Fishbach wondered whether the way in which food was served also had a psychological effect. They theorized that, on the one hand, sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity（短缺）and increase a feeling of competition. However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to become more aware of others' needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out, they did a series of experiments.For the first test they recruited 100 pairs of participants from a local cafe, none of whom knew each other. The participants were seated at a table and fed tortilla chips with salsa. Half the pairs were given their own basket of 20 grams of chips and a bowl of 25 grams of salsa, and half were given 40 grams of chips and 50 grams of salsa to share. As a cover for the experiment, all participants were told this snack was to be consumed before the game began.The game asked the participants to negotiate an hourly wage rate during a fictional strike. Each person was randomly assigned to represent the union or management and follow a set of rules. The researchers measured cooperation by noting the number of rounds it took to reach an agreement, and found that those who shared food resolved the strike significantly faster（in 8. 7rounds）than those who did not（13.2 rounds）. A similar experiment was conducted with 104participants and Goldfish crackers（饼干）, this time negotiating an airline's route prices. The results were much the same, with the food-sharers negotiating successfully 63. 3%of the time and those who did not share doing so 42. 9%of the time.（1）What does the "family-style" meal in the report refer to？A. A meal taken at home.B. A meal shared with others.C. A meal consumed by oneself.D. A meal taken in a family atmosphere.（2）For what purpose did the researchers carry out the present experiments?A. To show the way food is served.B. To prove sharing food increases competition.C. To confirm sharing food can promote cooperation.D. To find out whether sharing food can get people close emotionally.（3）Why were participants asked to eat up the snack before the game?A. To add to their energy.B. To reward them for their participation.C. To hide the intention of the experiment.D. To avoid the distraction during the game.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了外交宴席的心理学，研究表明，从中间菜采取的“家庭式”餐，可以大大改善后续谈判的结果。
高中英语必修4课文逐句翻译(人教版)
吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。 She
2.必修四 Unit 1 WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK? 为什么不继续她的 事业？ I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? 上学时我喜欢英语、生 物和化学，但是我进大学该选哪门专业呢？ I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some
树旁。Everybody sits and waits in the shade
of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. 大家坐在树荫下等待着， 这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。 Then we follow as they wander into the forest. 然后 这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随 其后。Most of the time, chimps either feed
in cages though they have done nothing wrong. 然后我就想起那些没有任何过错却 被关在笼子里的小黑猩猩。Once you have
高中英语真题-Unit2 workingtheland_5
高中英语真题:Unit2 workingtheland诵读积累古话说：民以食为天。
目前，不少地方土地干旱，粮食短缺问题依然是急需解决的问题。
请以Food Shortage为题，写一篇120个词左右的英语短文。
要求：1.介绍现在的饥荒状况2.说明其原因3.应当采取的措施Food ShortageAs we know，food shortage has hit many countries and even caused social unrest in some areas. But what has caused the current world f ood crisis？Firstly，annual world grain output had declined because of climate ch anges. Secondly，lots of farmland has given way to factories and buildings due t o the rapid development of industry and urbanization. Besides ，faced with the rising energy prices，some people use grain for biofuel(生物燃料)，which has worsened the severe situation.How can we deal with the problem？On the one hand，we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand，strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.If the whole world works together，I think more food will be produced and we can create a harmo nious world.单元知识必备核心考点： focus 3年2考 if so 3年1考1．struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n．斗争；挣扎struggle with/against 与……搏斗/斗争struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力/争取……struggle to one‘s feet 挣扎着站起来with a struggle 费劲地1).They had to struggle for their lives against/with weather and wild animals.为了生存他们必须与天气和野兽抗争。
高中英语作文-高考英语作文：世界粮食短缺 World Food Crisis
高中英语作文高考英语作文：世界粮食短缺 World FoodCrisisHello, everyone, Now I’ll tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group. As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas. But who is responsible for the current world food crisis? First, annual world grains output has declined because of climate change. Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization. Besides, faced with the rising energy prices, people have turned to the production of biofuels, which has worsened the severe situation. Then what should we do to deal with the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland. Of course, to build a harmonious world the developed countries should take their responsibilities to help the poor ones experiencing foodshortage. As for me, I will call on the people around me to take immediate action. And for the moment, I think, we should put our heart into our own studies to get more scientific knowledge and help solve the food shortage in the future. 大家好，现在我来向大家介绍一下我们研究的一些有关世界粮食危机的项目。
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（精选）高中英语阅读短文之《粮食》如今，“食不果腹，衣不蔽体”的窘迫在我们看来也许都成了特殊时期的往事，因为遥远，所以无法想象，更无从感同身受。
尤其在我们多数人都享受着充裕物质生活的今天，贫至无以充饥的苦难，听起来似乎很不真实。
然而，联合国发布的《2019年全球粮食危机报告》显示，2018年，全球仍有53个国家的大约1.13亿人遭遇重度饥饿，过去三年来，全球面临粮食危机的总人数始终维持在1亿以上，且波及的国家范围还在扩大。
“一粥一饭，当思来之不易；半丝半缕，恒念物力维艰”，这句古训在新时代不该被遗忘。
阅读短文并回答问题A seed expert who brought high-quality vegetable seeds to many countries,was awarded the2019World Food Prize.Simon Groot of the Netherlands is credited with introducing high-quality,disease-resistant vegetable seeds to more than60countries including the Philippines,Thailand and Indonesia.Developing seeds has been the Groot family business for a long time.He is the sixth generation of,what is called,a seedsman.He began his search to create better vegetable seeds to help farmers in Southeast Asia in1981.He was47then and his family’s company had just been taken over by a larger corporation.Sixteen years earlier,he had made his first trip to Indonesia.There,Groot learned that vegetable seeds which were developed for the moderate climate of Europe,did poorly when planted in the hot tropics.He thought there was a great possibility to introduce hybrid（杂交植物的）vegetables to the area.The area lacked vegetable seed developers who were trying to create hybrids for the local climate.“It was neither charity nor business.It was a passion for good seeds,”said Groot.Now85, he said developing seeds has always concerned him,“I noticed the seed quality in that part of world was so much below our standards and below achievable standards.”He added that he “could not stand”that the farmers there did not have better seeds.At the time,farmers in Southeast Asia usually saved seeds from season to season.That was because the seeds available for sale were often old.Those seeds were usually from Europe or North America and did not grow well in their tropical climate.This meant that the farmers ended up with smaller crops,and lower quality that changed greatly from season to season. The plants also could easily become infected with diseases.Groot partnered with seed trader Benito Domingo of the Philippines.They put together a team of seed researchers and growers from Wageningen University in the Netherlands and the University of the Philippines.Within a few years,they developed a hybrid bitter gourd that sold successfully.Then they adapted a tomato plant,followed by eggplants,pumpkins and leafy vegetables.The early successes led to the start of the East-West Seed Company,which now has more than970improved seeds of60vegetable crops.Over the past40years,the discoveries have led to the creation of a tropical vegetable seed industry aimed at small farmers.The tropical seeds are now spreading into Asia,Africa and Latin America.It is estimated that the company’s seeds are used by20million farmers each year in more than60countries,said Kenneth Quinn,the former U.S.ambassador to Vietnam.He has been the president of the Des Moines,Iowa-based World Food Prize Foundation since2000.Of Groot,Quinn said,“he’s a truly remarkable individual with worthy accomplishments that should be recognized.”The award was announced during a ceremony at the U.S.Department of State hosted by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo.“The remarkable improvements made in these tropical vegetable seeds helped small farmers in developing nations produce more food and importantly get more income for themselves and their families,”Pompeo said.He added that the seeds fight hunger and help increase economic growth.1.What can we know about Groot from the text?A.He got the World Food Prize for improving vegetable seeds.B.He began his research on vegetable seeds at a young age.C.He brought better vegetable seeds to Southeast Asia in1981.D.He wanted to be the first vegetable seed developer in Europe.2.What caused lower incomes from crops in Southeast Asia in the past?A.The poor soil.B.The long season.C.Diseases infected by insects.D.Seeds growing bad.3.What can we learn about the East-West Seed Company?A.It was established in2000.B.The successful development of hydrid vegetables promoted its foundation.C.Its tropical seeds are now spreading into Asia,Africa and America.lions of farmers have used its seeds around the world.4.Why does the author mention the Pompeo’s statement at last?A.To add some background information.B.To show Groot’s outstanding contribution.C.To present Groot’s special place.D.To summarize the previous paragraphs.5.Where is this text most likely from?A.A geography book.B.A farmer’s biography.C.A science magazine.D.A travel brochure.参考答案1~5ADBBC生词及长难句1.credit v.归功于The company is credited with inventing the industrial robot.发明工业机器人是那家公司的功劳。