中考定语从句(精华版)

文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 1word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 定语从句 请看下面的句子： I want to know the boy who is the tallest. 句子做定语修饰boy （一）概念: 定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子， 叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 （二）定语从句的分类 Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。 e.g:This is the book that/which I want. Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。 从句一般用逗号同主句分开。 e.g:Mr. Green， who is watching TV，is my uncle. （三）(限定性)定语从句的结构 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系代词 关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when, why （四）定语从句的实质：二句合一 （合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地） Mary is a girl. 合并为一个句子 She has long hair. 思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）----替（用关系词代替舍去部分） Mary is a girl who/that has long hair. 请把下列句子二句合一 1. I saw the man.He closed the door 2.The girl is happy. She won the race 3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen （五） 定语从句关系词的确定:  a.先行词的分类  b.先行词在从句中充当的成分 1.先行词做主语 人：who/that 物：which/that 2.先行词做宾语 人：who/whom/that 物：which/that 3.先行词做定语 人：whose 物：whose/of which 4.先行词做状语：when, where, why  who, whom, whose, that用法区别.  who /that作定语从句的主语或宾语. The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做题思路：先分解——分析——再合并 分解 The man is a worker. 文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 2word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主语  Whom /that作定语从句的宾语 The woman（ whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher. 分解 The woman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman. 作宾语 注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.  whose 作定语从句的定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. 分解 I know the girl. The girl’s mother is a teacher. 作定语 小结： 关系词判断步骤  首先，要辨别出先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用who, that whom, whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that  然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表 先行词 主语 宾语 定语 人 who, that who(m), that whose 物 which, that which, that whose, of which 巩固练习：用适当代关系词填空 1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her. 3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player. （六）只能用that,不能用which的情况： (1)先行词为all, everything，anything，nothing, something, nothing ,few, little, much, the one等不定代词时；

(2)先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of 等修饰时： (3)先行词为数词或被序数词（含 last)修饰时。 （4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。 (5)在以who, which开头的句子中为了避免重复。 口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错 先行词前有修饰，千万不能用which. 请在以下例句中体会以上规则： 1. Here is something that I will tell you. 2.We haven’t got much that we can offer you. 3. Is it the one that you want ? 4.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard. 5. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see. 6.Which is the bike that you lost? 7.Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? （七）只能使用which 的情况  1.关系代词前有介词时；  2.先行词本身是 that 时； 文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 3word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.  3.非限定定语从句  口诀:要有which别着急，  介词提前逗隔离。  e.g:1.This is the classroom in which we studied for two year.  2.She has two dolls，which are from her parents 单项选择：  1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.  A. that B. who C. whom D. this  2. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.  A. that B. whose C. which D. as  3. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?  A. the one B. which C. who D. whom  ※4.Is this factory a lot of students visited ? A. the one B. which C. who D. who  5. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.  A. which B. that C. / D. it  6. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.  A. which B. in which C. that D. all  ※7. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.  A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who  注意：  ①当关系词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的形式应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 ②若句中无先行词，先补出先行词再判断用法。（4,7题） 完成下列句子： 1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生. who saved the boy’ s life This is the doctor 2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔. who is running The man is my uncle. 3.我看见一位钱包丢失了的妇女。 I saw a woman whose bag was stolen /whose bag was lost. 4. 住在隔壁的那个小伙的是教师. The young man is a teacher. who lives next door 注意：定语从句的时态不受主句影响。 【定语从句中考真题演练】 1、There are lots of things ______ I need to prepare before the trip. (河北省卷) A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 2、Jim dislikes people _______talk much but never do anything. （吉林省通化市） A.whom B.when C.whose D.who 3、—I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday. （江苏省南京市） --Oh,how nice!Do you know when he_______? A.left B.was leaving C.has left D.had left 4、We are trying to help those children ____lost their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province. (浙江省衢州市)