最新第10课-更自由的贸易外刊经贸知识选读-每课重要知识点-串讲-课文翻译
外刊经贸知识选读
Terms
• EU (European Union) 欧洲联盟 • FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) 外商直接投资 • Comecon (Council For Mutual Economic
Association) 经济互助委员会 • EEC (European Economic Community) 欧共体 • European Common Market 欧洲共同市场 • central bank 中央银行 • customs duties 关税
Vocabulary
• compensation [ˌkɑːmpenˈseɪʃn] n.补偿
• assembly [əˈsembli] n.装配；组装
• eligible 的
[ˈelɪdʒəbl] a.在法律上合格
• exemption [ɪɡˈzempʃn] n.免税；免除
• customs duties 关税；海关税；进口税
Vocabulary
• balance
[ˈbæləns]
n.（收支等的）平衡；均衡
• per annum （拉丁语）每年
• undue
[ˌʌnˈduː]
a.过度的；不应有的
• strain
[streɪn] n.重负；过度的要求
• reverse
[rɪˈvɜːrs] v.倒转；反向
Vocabulary
[dɪsˈrʌpt] v.扰乱；使中断
• constraint [kənˈstreɪnt] n.约束；限制
Vocabulary
• in the wake of • accord • breakdown • sector • category • item
外刊经贸知识选读翻
旺旺英语Lesson 13Hong Kong is Tops at Cracking U.S. Shell Eggs香港是美国蛋类的大市场By Michael L. HumphreyWhile most people think of Hong Kong as a small market, it is, in fact, the largest export market for U.S. shell eggs. In 1985, the United States exported over 7 million dozen shell eggs valued as $ 4 million for food use in Hong Kong. That market alone accounted for half of the volume and 40 per cent of the value of total U.S. exports of shell eggs for food use.大多数人认为香港是一个小市场，可它实际上是美国蛋类的最大的出口市场。
1985年，美国向香港出口了7百多万打食用蛋类，价值4百万美元。
仅此市场就占据了美国食用蛋类出口量的一半，总价值的40％。
Hong Kong consumers enjoy a variety of shell eggs, including fresh hen and duck eggs, dyed eggs for special occasions, eggs cooked in salt or tea leaves, pigeon eggs and preserved duck eggs. Fresh hen eggs, however, are the most popular item.香港的消费者喜欢各种蛋类，包括鲜鸡蛋，鲜鸭蛋，特殊场合下使用的彩蛋，咸鸡蛋和茶叶蛋，鸽子蛋和腌鸭蛋。
外刊经贸知识选读翻译
旺旺英语Lesson 15Weekly Commodities (telex) 每周商品行情Commodities 1商品行情（-）econews by Kate Kavanagh Oil prices seesaw to three-month low in “big bang week London”, Oct. 31 (afp)—the attention of commodities dealers was last week captured initially by events on the stock exchange, where Monday’s big bang was muffled by computer failures, but turned later to the troubled oil market.（法新社）10月31日电：在“伦敦大爆炸改革周”中，石油价格起伏不定，跌至三个月来的最低点。
——上周商品交易者们的注意力先是被股票交易所发生的事情吸引，那里的计算机出了故障从而抑制了周一的“大爆炸改革”；但随后，交易者们的注意力又转向了混乱的石油市场。
The unexpected departure of sheik ahmed zaki yamani from his post as Saudi Arabian oil minister aggravated existing uncertainty concerning the future direction of oil prices in view of severe world oversupply.在国际市场严重供大于求的情况下，沙特阿拉伯石油部长亚马尼的突然离职使本来就起伏不定的油价变得更加难以预料。
Unstable crude prices in turn prompted falls in platinum and gold, the latter to its lowest since early September, aggravated by the withdrawal of investment support as the dollar regained ground.动荡的原油价格反过来又加速了白金和黄金的降价，而且由于美元重收失地，投资者纷纷撤回投资，黄金还降到了九月初以来的最低点。
外刊经贸知识选读翻译
旺旺英语Lesson 14Soft Commodities非耐用商品Many prices are at historic lows, and the IMF expects further falls. Yet there are signs that the worse may be over. One key commodity, sugar, has recovered.许多商品的价格处于历史最低点，虽然国际货币基金组织预计价格还会进一步下跌。
但是，有迹象表明，最糟的局面已经结束了。
因为“糖”这种关键性商品的价格已经回升了。
Markets Have Lost Their Allure 市场已失去吸引力For Most people involved in the production and trading of “soft” or agricultural commodities, this is proving to be a grim decade.对于大多数生产并买卖非耐用商品或农业品的人来说，这十年无疑是阴暗的十年。
Prices are in many cases at, or near, historic lows in real terms as markets struggle to cope with floods of surplus produce. And—with most soothsayers forecasting flat, or still lower, prices—the markets themselves have lost much of their allure.许多情况下，产品的价格都在实际意义上处于或接近历史最低价，这是因为市场要应付泛滥成灾的过剩的农产品。
同时，大多数预言家预测价格将会持平，或者更低。
市场自身已经失去了很多的魅力。
Speculators who profited handsomely from the price volatility of the 1970s have deserted soft commodities for the newer excitement of financial futures or the security and big yields afforded by the equity and money markets.从20世纪70年代的价格不稳中大笔获益的投机者们已经放弃了非耐用商品而寻求金融期货或有价证券带来的新的刺激以及股票和货币市场提供的巨额利润。
外刊经贸选读中英互易
Bargain basement 廉价部
Trade fairs 贸易展览会
Trade volume 贸易量
Service industry 服务业
Capital stock 实际资本
Captical equipment 资本设备
High-tech economy 高技术经济
spot market现货市场
Bank for International Settlements 国际清算银行
means of production 生产资料
punitive import tariff 惩罚性进口关税
trade reprisal 贸易报复
brain trust 智囊团 / 顾问班子
英译中答案
trade fairs and exhibitions贸易展销会
preferential tax rate 优惠关税
vested interests既得利益
export quota出口配额
government procurement政府采购
European integration 欧洲一体化
import quota system 出口配额制
fiscal packages一揽子财政计划
visible trade 有型贸易
convertible currency 自由兑换货币
futures 期货
market share 市场份额，市场占有率
raw material 原材料
intellectual property知识产权
Top priority第一优先
《外刊经贸知识选读》复习资料
《外刊经贸知识选读》复习资料第一章、术语制成品manufactured goods资本货物capital goods国际收支balance of payments经常项目current account有形贸易项目visible trade account无形贸易项目invisible trade account贸易顺差trade surplus贸易逆差trade deficit易货贸易barter补偿贸易comp ensation trade反向贸易counter-trade组装生产assembly manufacturing工商统一税industrial and commercial consolidated tax合资企业joint venture延期付款deferred p ayment买方信贷buyer credit卖方信贷supp lier credit软贷款（低息贷款）soft loan最惠国待遇MFN treatment ( Most Favored nation treatment )永久性正常贸易关系PNTR( Permanent Normal Trading Relations )国民收入 NI ( National Income )国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product )国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product ) 国际复兴和开发银行IBRD (International Bank forReconstruction and Devel opm ent ) 国际开发协会 IDA (International Development Association国际金融公司 IFC (International Finance Comporation 经济合作和发展组织 OECD (Organization for EconomicCoop eration and Devel opm ent )国际清算银行 BIS (Bank for International Settlement 欧洲经济共同体 EEC ( European Economic Community 欧洲联盟 EU ( European Union )外商直接投资 FDI (Foreign Direct Investment ) 、词语释义::dramatically ，significantly ，considerablywithdraw : cancellation theme ： p rinc iplein return for : in exchange for disr upt : interru pt destined : designed pronounced : markedsubstantially subsequentlyafterwardsexacerbate : deteriorate worsen ； aggravate ； make worsein the wake of : following after withundue : too much ； unbearable reverse :change to the opposite buoyant : brisk outcome : result boost : stimulate ； pro mote ； devel op recover : rebound facilitate : make easy run-down : reductioninsofar as : to the extent bottlenecks : obstacles三、句子翻译1. During the 1950s China exp orted agricultural p roducts to the USSR and East Europ ean countries in return for manufactured goods and the cap ital equipm ent required for the country industrialization p rogramme which pl aced emp hasis on the devel opm ent of heavy industry.重工业的发展。
【最新】外刊经贸知识选读贸易术语翻译
外刊经贸知识选读(贸易术语翻译)1中国的对外贸易Nationai income 国民收入EEC(European Economic Association) 欧共体欧共体Most-favored nation treatment 最惠国待遇最惠国待遇Visible trade account 有形贸易收支有形贸易收支Minister without portfolio 不管部长不管部长Balance of payments 国际收支国际收支Invisible account 无形的贸易收支Current account 经常项目Center bank 中央银行Counter-trade 反向贸易Joint venture 合资企业OCCE(organization OCCE(organization for for for economic economic economic co-operation co-operation co-operation and and and development) development) 经济合作发展组织Bank for settlements international 国际清算银行Non-bank trade related credits 买方信贷，卖方信贷等Manufactured goods 工业产品Capital equipment 资本设备Industrialization programme 工业项目Heavy industry 重工业Economic imbalances 经济失衡Trade relating 贸易往来Per annum 每年Normalization of diplomatic relations 外交关系正常化Industrial country 工业国家In surplus 顺差Earnings and requirements 收入和需求收入和需求Trade fairs 商品展销会Compensation trade 补偿贸易Raw materials 原材料Direct investment 直接投资The international capital markets 国际资本市场Commercial terms 商业条件Representative offices 办事处2中国的对外直接投资The China international trust investment copprporation (CITIC)中国国际信托投资公司The special economic zone 经济特区The state council 国务院国务院Standard of living 生活水平生活水平Foreign-exchange reserves 外汇储备Capital stock 实际资本，股本Cooperative enterprise 合作企业Wholly foreign-owned operation 外商独资企业外商独资企业外商独资企业 Consumer goods 消费品消费品 Capital goods 资本货物资本货物 Customs duties 进口税进口税 Technical transformation 技术改造技术改造Provincial capital 省会省会 inner regions 内地，内陆内地，内陆 readily obtainable 轻易得到轻易得到 economic and technicai development zone(ETDZ) 经济技术开发区经济技术开发区 uniform tax rate 统一税率统一税率统一税率 profit-remittance 利汇款率利汇款率 preferential tax rate 统一税率统一税率统一税率 municipal govermment 市政府市政府 grassroots units 基层单位基层单位 rules and regulations 规章制度规章制度规章制度 comprehensive framework 综合准则综合准则 public ownership of the means of production 生产资料公有制生产资料公有制 national people ’s congress 全国人民到表大会全国人民到表大会 seventh five-year plan 第七个五年计划第七个五年计划第七个五年计划 china international economic consultants inc 中国国际经济顾问有限公司3中国开放的经济Commercial hud 商业活动中心商业活动中心 The world ’ sdominant economy 世界经济强国世界经济强国世界经济强国 Per capita 人均人均 Gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值国民生产总值 American administration 美国政府美国政府 China hands 中国通（华人）中国通（华人）Punitive import tariffs 惩罚进口性关税惩罚进口性关税惩罚进口性关税 Securities and real estate markets 证劵及房地产市场证劵及房地产市场 “G “Greater china reater china ” trade bloc “大中华”集团“大中华”集团“大中华”集团 Gross domestic product(GDP) 国内生产总值国内生产总值国内生产总值 Private businesses 私有企业私有企业 Competitive advantage 竞争优势竞争优势 High wage economy 高工资经济高工资经济高工资经济 General agreement on tariffs and trade(GA TT) 关税及贸易总协定关税及贸易总协定 Consumer eiectronics 电子产品电子产品 Human rights 人权问题人权问题 Preferred status 优惠地位，优先权优惠地位，优先权 State-owned conglomerate 国有跨行业公司国有跨行业公司 Semiconductor chips 半导体集成电路芯片半导体集成电路芯片 Brokerage services 经济业务经济业务 Double digits 两位数两位数 4世界经济Per capita gross domestic product 人均国内生产总值人均国内生产总值Weak performance 不景气不景气High rates of growth 高增长率高增长率 The gulf crisis 海湾危机海湾危机海湾危机 International conditions 国际坏境国际坏境 The group of seven 七国集团七国集团 Continental Europe 欧洲大陆欧洲大陆Disinflationary policies 反通胀政策反通胀政策 Weakness in demand 需求疲软需求疲软 Cyclical deceleration in investment spending 周期性的投资下降周期性的投资下降 Short-term dollar interest rates 短期美元汇率短期美元汇率 Nonoil commodity prices 非石油商品价格非石油商品价格非石油商品价格 Foreign exchange 外汇外汇 Hard currencies 硬货币硬货币 Severely indebted 负债严重负债严重 The Uruguay round of GATT 关贸总协定乌拉圭回合关贸总协定乌拉圭回合 Commodity market 商品市场商品市场 Nominal(dalloar)terms 名义（美元）价名义（美元）价 Constant(dollar)terms 不变（美元）价不变（美元）价 Real terms 实际价实际价 The united nations conference on environmentand development 联合国坏境和发展会议坏境和发展会议Anti-inflationary monetary policy 反通货膨胀政策反通货膨胀政策反通货膨胀政策 GDP(GNP)deflator 消除国内（民）生产总值通货膨胀指数消除国内（民）生产总值通货膨胀指数 The cyclical slowing of investment 周期性投资放缓周期性投资放缓 Tax-cut-induced boom 由减税引发的繁荣由减税引发的繁荣 Interest rates 利率利率 Unemployment rates 失业率失业率 Financial stress 金融压力金融压力 Tightening of credit 紧缩信贷紧缩信贷紧缩信贷 Current account deficit 经常项目赤字经常项目赤字经常项目赤字 Yield curve 收益曲线收益曲线 European monetary system(EMS) 欧洲货币体系欧洲货币体系欧洲货币体系 Accommodative monetary policy 肯通融的货币政策肯通融的货币政策肯通融的货币政策 Nominal short-term interest rates 名义短期汇率名义短期汇率 Real output 以不变价格计算的产品价值以不变价格计算的产品价值 Structural transformation 结构转变，体制改革结构转变，体制改革 Trading partners 贸易伙伴贸易伙伴 The population-weightted growth rate 人均加权增长率人均加权增长率 Debt restructuring 债务调整债务调整 Portfolio investment 证劵投资证劵投资 Per capita income 人均收入人均收入人均收入 Fiscal adjustment 财政调整财政调整 Investment liberalization 投资自由化投资自由化 Trade-oriented region 贸易导向型地区贸易导向型地区 Market-oriented regional integration 市场导向型区自由化市场导向型区自由化市场导向型区自由化 Multilateral trade agreements 多边贸易协议多边贸易协议多边贸易协议 Budget deficit 预算赤字预算赤字Emergency stabilization measures 紧急稳定措施紧急稳定措施紧急稳定措施 Tight credit policies 信贷紧缩政策信贷紧缩政策 Exchange-rate devaluation 汇率贬值汇率贬值 The council mutual economic assistance( C MEA) 经互会经互会 5关于美国的贸易策略与政策 Trade representative 贸易代表贸易代表 Trade policies 贸易政策贸易政策 Trade sanctions 贸易制裁贸易制裁 Trade barrier 贸易壁垒贸易壁垒 Trade surplus 贸易赤字贸易赤字 North American free-trade agreement 北美自由贸易协定北美自由贸易协定 Trade priority 贸易优先权贸易优先权 Government procurement 政府采购政府采购 Free-trade agreement 自由贸易区自由贸易区 Ttrade signals 贸易信号贸易信号6欧盟的发展 European community 欧洲共同体欧洲共同体 The single market 统一大市场统一大市场统一大市场 The European community vast single market 欧共体的统一大市场欧共体的统一大市场 Barrier-free market 无壁垒市场无壁垒市场 European integrationg 欧洲一体化欧洲一体化 The internal market 内部市场内部市场内部市场 Marriage contract 结婚契约结婚契约 Political and economic integration 政治经济一体化政治经济一体化 Free-trade zone 自由贸易区自由贸易区 Free market philosophy 自由市场论自由市场论自由市场论 Economic benefits 经济利益经济利益 Economic activity 经济活动经济活动Annual growth rate 年增长率年增长率年增长率 Plant modennization 工厂现代化工厂现代化 Budget cuts 预算消减预算消减7关于日本的贸易地位Import targets 进口指标进口指标 Guantifiable results 定量结果，量化结果定量结果，量化结果 White paper 白皮书白皮书 Uruguay round of trade talks 乌拉圭回合谈判乌拉圭回合谈判 Average tariff 平均关税平均关税 Manufactured goods 制成品制成品 Bilateral surplus 双边顺差双边顺差 Fiscal packages 财政一揽子计划财政一揽子计划 Trade in goods 易货贸易易货贸易易货贸易 International bodies 国际组织国际组织 Industrial commodities 工业商品工业商品 Business cycle 商业周期商业周期 Economic cycle 经济周期经济周期Managed trade 管理贸易管理贸易Consumer goods 消费品消费品 Market share 市场份额市场份额 Households save 家庭储蓄家庭储蓄 Budget deficit 预算赤字预算赤字 Trade balance 贸易差额贸易差额Public opinion 工众舆论工众舆论 Trade reprisals 贸易报复贸易报复8亚洲国家发展问题Corporate headguaters 公司总部公司总部 Silicion valley 硅谷硅谷 Annual sales 年销售额年销售额 Nation economic machine 国家经济结构国家经济结构 Industrial infrastructure 工业基础设施工业基础设施 Investment capital 投资资本投资资本 Antidurmping suits 反倾销起诉反倾销起诉 Fledging conglomerates 新兴的跨行业工资新兴的跨行业工资 Literacy rate 脱盲率，识字率脱盲率，识字率 Middle class 中产阶级中产阶级 Nouveau riche 暴发户暴发户 Government-backed loans 政府担保贷款政府担保贷款 Human-rights restrictions 人权限制人权限制 Political liberalization 政治自由化政治自由化 Political opposition 政治反对派政治反对派 Driving force 驱动力驱动力 Labor-cost advantage 劳动力成本优势劳动力成本优势 Industrial group 工业集团工业集团 Basic industries 基础工业基础工业 Industrial structure 工业结构工业结构Industrial giants 大工业企业大工业企业 Business setback 商业挫折商业挫折 Tax breaks 税额优惠税额优惠 Direct subsidies 直接补贴直接补贴 Market forces 市场力量市场力量 Financial system 金融体制金融体制 Official interest rates 官方汇率官方汇率 Consumer market 消费市场消费市场 9贸易新星Gulf region 海湾地区海湾地区 Sovereignty dispute 主权争端主权争端 GCC(gulf cooperation council)海湾合作委员会海湾合作委员会 OPEC (organization of petroleum exporting)石油输出国组织石油输出国组织 Carbon tax 双重税收双重税收 Firm order 实盘实盘 Non-oil trade 非石油贸易非石油贸易Manufacturing capacity 生产能力生产能力Government grants 政府津贴政府津贴 Risk-weighted assets 风险加权资产风险加权资产 Import surcharge 进口附加税进口附加税 Certificates of origin 原产地证书原产地证书 The developing areas 开发区开发区Lucrative fees 利率报酬利率报酬 10从关税贸易总协定到世界贸易组织 Economic growth 促进经济发展促进经济发展 Common agricultural policy (CAP)共同农业政策共同农业政策 Liberal market 自由贸易自由贸易 Market force 市场力量市场力量 Monopoly purchasing boards 统购部门统购部门 Export subsidies 生产补贴生产补贴 The administration ’goals 政府目标政府目标 Technical standards 技术水平技术水平 Anti-dumping measures 反倾销措施反倾销措施 Countervailing duty 反倾销税，抵消性关税反倾销税，抵消性关税 Intellectual property right 知识产权知识产权知识产权 Trade in services 服务贸易服务贸易 Farm-trade liberalization 农业贸易自由化农业贸易自由化 Majority vote 多数选票多数选票 Straight forward of vote 直接否定权直接否定权直接否定权 11易货贸易仍在使用 I nternational financial institution 国际金融机构国际金融机构 Currency reserves 货币储备货币储备 Of equivalent value 同等价值同等价值 Mean of trade 贸易方式贸易方式 Client states 附属国附属国 International monetary found(IMF)国际货币基金组织国际货币基金组织 Multilateral trade 多边贸易多边贸易 Convertible currency 可兑换货币可兑换货币 Burden of debt 债务负担债务负担债务负担 Debt service=intrerst payment 利息付款利息付款利息付款 Debtor nation 债务国债务国 Export earning 出口收入出口收入 Multinational corporations 跨国公司跨国公司 Compensation agreements 补偿贸易协定补偿贸易协定 Clearing agreements 清算系统清算系统 Bilateral pacts 双边协议双边协议 Credit-starved 信用危机信用危机Letter of credit 信用证信用证信用证 12市场竞争市场竞争Test market 试销市场试销市场 Baby-boomers 生育高峰期出生的人生育高峰期出生的人 Consumer coupons 消费优惠劵消费优惠劵 Price promotions 价格促销价格促销Exclusive contract 独家经销合同独家经销合同 Competitive in price andguanlity 价格和质量上的竞争力价格和质量上的竞争力价格和质量上的竞争力 All-out sales campaigns 大规模销售战役大规模销售战役 Hard sell 硬销售硬销售 Heavy discounting 大幅度打折大幅度打折 Soft drink 软饮料软饮料 Retail sales 零售零售 Special promotion 特殊销售特殊销售 13市场分析 Export market 出口市场出口市场 Fast food shop 快餐快餐 The method of packing 包装方式包装方式包装方式 Subsidized competition 补贴性竞争补贴性竞争 Grocery store 杂货店杂货店 Wet market 鲜货市场鲜货市场 The retial market 零售市场零售市场零售市场 Promote sales 促销商品促销商品 Export enhancement programe 增加出口计划增加出口计划 Structure of trade 贸易结构贸易结构 Preserved duck eggs 咸鸭蛋 14初级商品市场 Soft commodities 非耐用初级产品非耐用初级产品 Agricultural commodoties 农产品农产品 Surplus produce 剩余产品剩余产品 Financial futures 以期货形式交易的有价证劵以期货形式交易的有价证劵 The money market 货币市场货币市场货币市场 The equity market 一般的股票市场一般的股票市场一般的股票市场 Basic raw materials 基本原材料基本原材料 Conference on trade and development 联合国贸易和发展协会联合国贸易和发展协会 Currency movements 货币变动货币变动 Special drawing right 特别提取款特别提取款特别提取款 Food price index 食品价格指数食品价格指数 Glut of supplies 供应过剩供应过剩 Devastating consequences 毁灭性后果毁灭性后果 Spin-offs 副作用副作用 Cash-strapped 现金短缺现金短缺 at its weakest 萧条萧条萧条 services sector 服务部门服务部门 official austerity programmers 政府紧缩计划政府紧缩计划 foreign exchange earnings 外汇收入外汇收入 unit commodity price 单位初级产品价格单位初级产品价格 real interest rates 实际利率实际利率 stores of vaule 储备价值储备价值 liquid assets 流动资产流动资产 price volatility 价格多变价格多变speculative business 投机生意投机生意the patten of supply and demand 供需模式供需模式 export quote 出口配额出口配额 in short supply 供应短缺供应短缺供应短缺 15初级商品市场行情电传报告 Commodities dealers 初级商品交易商初级商品交易商 Stock exchange 证劵交易所证劵交易所 Investment support 投资支持投资支持 Regained ground 重得青睐重得青睐 Labour dispute 劳务纠纷劳务纠纷 Export figures 出口量出口量 Good resistance 强烈抵制强烈抵制 Discount rate 贴现率贴现率 Labour-agreement 劳动协议劳动协议 Bleak outlook 前景黯淡前景黯淡 Futures markets 期货市场期货市场 Spot market 现货市场现货市场 Strategic stockpile 战略性库存战略性库存 Take prices back 使价格回升使价格回升 Terminal prices 期货价格期货价格 International coffe organizayion(ICO)国际咖啡组织国际咖啡组织国际咖啡组织 Upward adjustment 上调上调 Replacement costs 重置成本重置成本。
最新外刊经贸知识选读-每课重要知识点-串讲-课文翻译第3课--中国的开放经济
第3课中国的开放经济Beijing RisingChina’s emergence as an economic heavyweight after more than a decade of fast growth makes it likely to supplant Japan as the West’s main trade worry in AsiaBy Frank Gibney Jr. 经过十多年的快速发展，中国作为举足轻重的经济强国的出现，使得中国有可能取代日本，而成为西方在亚洲的主要贸易对手。
If there is a road to China’s future, Highway 204 out of Shanghai is it.Along its two dusty lanes, local trucks and buses jockey with Cadillacs driven by financiers from Taiwan and Hong Kong investors.Migrant workers crowd the narrow shoulders. Factories line the highway, producing sneakers, toys, plastics, clothes, aircraft components and medical equipment.Eventually industry gives way to ricefields, which is being dug up to build still more factories.Cranes turn overhead as dump trucks and cement mixers nose onto the road.Outside the town of Jiading, one tractor-trailer leaves Asia’s largest container plant every three minutes, carrying goods bound for the Shanghai docks.The traffic on Highway 204 is so thick that the trip from Shanghai to Zhangjiagang –only 115 kilometers away –takes five hours.如果有一条通向中国未来的路，那就是穿越上海的204国道。
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第10课关于关贸总协定和世界贸易组织Freer Trade, with Luck自由贸易，一路走好1.In the past few days differences between the United States and the European Community on farm trade have narrowed almost to nothing. As a result the world is now close to concluding the Uruguay round of GATT talks. That deal is admittedly far from perfect, a series of messy compromises The cause of free trade will have many more battles to fight. Never mind. On a conservative estimate the Uruguay round would permanently raise global welfare by more than $100 billion a year, spur economic growth everywhere (especially in the world’s poorest countries) and extend competition to hither to sheltered, and therefore backward, parts off all economies. By any standards, it would be a hugely valuable achievement.Cause----aim, principle or movement that is strongly defended or supported 极力维护或支持的目标﹑原则或运动; 事业: a good cause, ie one that deserves to be supported, eg a charity 高尚的目标（应为之尽力的目标, 如慈善事业）* He fought for the republican cause in the civil war. 他在内战中为共和事业而战. * Her life was devoted to the cause of justice. 她为正义事业而献身.在过去的几天中，美国同欧共体之间有关农产品贸易的分歧几乎荡然无存。
因此，关贸总协议乌拉圭回合的谈判现已接近尾声。
诚然，协议远不够完善，仅是对一系列棘手问题的妥协。
争取自由贸易的事业还有许多仗要打。
不过，不必担心。
依据保守的估计，乌拉圭回合协议将持久地每年为全球增加1,000多亿美元的财富。
而且，还会刺激各国的经济增长（尤其是世界上最贫困的国家）。
同时，它将贸易竞争扩展到那些迄今仍坚持保护主义政策并因此而落后的国家。
无论依据何种标准衡量，这都是一个价值巨大的成就。
2. Such opportunities come too rarely to be squandered. Yet this one still may be. In the most recent talks about farm trade, America has shown a new willingness to compromise on details, doubtless ref lecting George Bush’s need for an economic success to boast of in his election campaign. Whatever the motive a spirit of compromise makes sense for America, since it stands to gain a lot more from a successful round than any other country. But the EC continues to hesitate—because of France. French farmers are violently opposed to the reform of the common agricultural policy(CAP) that Europe’s government agreed to last May.In certain respects, the farmers claim, the GATT deal now in prospect would take reform further, damaging their interests even more.这样的机会不容错过。
然而，这次机会仍差点被错过。
最近，在有关农产品贸易的谈判中，美方多次表示愿意在细节问题上做出妥协。
这无疑反应了布什总统需要一个经济成果，以便在大选中吹嘘。
不管动机如何，做出妥协这一主导思想对美国是有意义的，因为谈判的成功给美国带来的利益要远大于其他任何国家。
但是，由于法国的原因，欧共体仍旧犹豫不决。
法国农民强烈反对改革欧洲各国政府于去年五月通过的共同农业政策。
他们声称，在某些方面，正在酝酿中的关贸总协定的协议会将改革进一步深人，因而给他们的利益造成更大损害。
3. If it is a small matter to France’s that the Uruguay round should fail, so long as they keep their subsidies, that is understandable. What is shameful is that their government appears to agree with them, even though most of the French economy (including many of the country’s more efficient farmers) would gain handsomely from a successful round. Jean-Pierre Soisson, the farm minister, has said France may block the EC’s acceptance of a new farm-trade deal, and thereby wreck the round. This position is politically alarming as well as economically indefensible. Other EC governments must see off France, and start hailing a gain for liberal trade.如果说对于法国农民来讲，只要能保住他们补贴，乌拉圭回合谈判的失败仅是小事一桩的话，那是可以理解的。
令人汗颜的是，虽然法国经济的主体（包括该国有竞争力的农场主在内）会从谈判的成功中获得丰厚的利益，法国政府似乎仍赞同他们的意见。
法国农业部长琼·皮埃尔·索思森说，法国政府会阻止欧共体接受这一新的农产品贸易协议，从而破坏乌拉圭回合谈判。
这一立场，从政治角度讲，是令人担忧的，从经济角度讲，是站不住脚的。
其他欧共体国家的政府必须遏制住法国，然后开始为自由贸易取得进展而欢呼。
He carries his heart in his boots 谈判过程令人焦虑4. Disputes over farm trade have bedeviled the current round of GATT talks from the start. That is unsurprising. For decades governments everywhere have suppressed market forces in agriculture with subsidies, tariffs, quotas, monopoly purchasing boards and all the other paraphernalia of mule-headed intervention. No industry in the world has been pushed further, or so needlessly, from the liberal ideal of guiding resources to their best use by means of prices set in markets. On one plausible estimate, consumers in industrial countries pay $300 billion a year in taxes and higher prices to support farming. Even allowing for the income transferred to farmers, the net welfare loss caused by the industrial countries’ farm policies is $10 billion a year. Distortions on such a scale have given a comparative handful of people every reason to fight to the bitter end for economic lunacy. On October 14th French farmers held another “day of action”—blocking roads, planting wheat in awkward places and so forth—in protest at the planned reforms.农产品贸易争端从一开始就困扰着这一轮的关贸总协定谈判。
这并不足为奇。
几十年来，各国政府通过补贴、关税、配额、统购及其相关政策顽固地干预和压制市场力量。
世界上没有一种产业曾被迫远离或无谓地偏离这一自由贸易理想，即通过市场定价将资源配置到最能发挥效用的地方。