2020年翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题及解析
2020年翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导
2020年翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导译事三难：信、达、雅。
求其信，已大难矣!故信矣，不达，虽译，犹不译也，则达上焉。
...易曰：“修辞立诚。
”子曰：“辞达而已!”又曰：“言而无文，行之不远。
”三者乃文章正轨，亦即为译事楷模。
故信、达而外，求其尔雅...——严复《天演论.译立言》1.原文：All around was open loneliness and blacksolitude,over which a stiff breeze blew。
(Thomas Hardy：Tessof the d'Urbervilles)译文：周围一切，仅仅一片空旷的荒寒，一团漆黑的僻静，一股劲风，在上面吹动。
(张谷若译)赏析：“一片”、“一团”、“一股”，量词的准确使用增强了疑问的表现力。
2.原文：She denied it,denied everything,bone and stone.译文：她矢口否认，死不认账。
赏析：原文中的"bone and stone"形象生动，但将其直译成“语气硬得像骨头和石头”，去不一定能为我国读者所接受，改译成“死不认账”，就自然、生动的多。
翻译本来就是一个有得有失的过程，完全传达原文的意义、精神、意韵、形象实不可能，好的译者总是善于抓住原文的精髓，在译文中尽力将其传达出来，而将原文那些相对来说不甚重要的且又无法传达的割舍开去，借用依据哲学的术语，就是“抓住要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”，至于哪些是“主要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”，哪些是“次要矛盾或矛盾的次要方面”，取决于翻译的目的、翻译语境以及译者的理解水平。
3.原文：The reverberation of fighting between the forces of India and Pakistan are reaching us in increasing volume.译文：印度和巴基斯坦两国部队的杀伐声一阵紧似一阵传到我们这里来。
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题2
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题2从1750年以来，世界实行了四次工业革命：第一次就是英国工业革命，中国失去了机会。
第二次是十九世纪下半叶美国的工业革命，中国也同样失去了机会。
第三次工业革命，是20世纪后半叶出现的信息革命。
当时中国的领导人敏锐地理解到了这个重大历史变化，中国抓住了这次信息革命的重大机遇。
进入二十一世纪，人类迎来了第四次工业革命——绿色工业革命。
能够说这个次世界减排，就是绿色工业革命的标志。
我们希望这个次工业革命中国要成为、创新者和驱动者，和美国和欧盟和日本站在同一起跑线上领导这场革命。
今后中国领导人面临两大迫切问题：一是如何实现中国经济转型，即从高碳经济转向低碳经济;二是如何参与世界治理，即从国家治理转向地区治理、世界治理。
Since 1750, the world has seen four industrial revolutions. The first one took place in Britain; and China missed the boat. The second one occurred in the latter halfof the 19th century; and China missed the boat. The third one was driven by the revolution in communication technology inthe second half of the 20th Century. This time, Chineseleaders realized that it was a historic moment of change, and China caught the wave.The 21st century is receiving the Fourth Industrial Revolution-the Green Revolution, symbolized by this global move to reduce emission. This time, we hope that China can be the innovator, the leader and driver running head-to-headwith the U.S., Europe and Japan. To achieve this, China hasto accomplish two things transition from a high carbon economy to a low carbon economy; second, participation inglobal governance. i.e., to shift its focus from national governance to regional and global governance.。
历年高级口译考题翻译试题及答案
历年高级口译考题翻译部分精解第一套英译中Since Darwin, biologists have been-firmly convinced that nature works without plan or meaning, pursuing no aim by the direct road of design. But today we see that this conviction is a fatal error. Why should evolution, exactly as Darwin knew it and described it, be planless and irrational? Do not aircraft design engineers work, at precisely that point where specific calculations and plans give out, according to the same principle of evolution, when they test the serviceability of a great number of statistically determined forms in the wind tunnel, in order to choose the one that functions best? Can we say that there is no process of natural selection when nuclear physicists, through thousands of computer operations, try to find out which materials, in which combinations and with what structural form, are best suited to the building of an atomic reactor? They also practise no designed adaptation, but work by the principle of selection. But it would never occur to anyone to call their method planless and irrational.【参考译文】达尔文以后的生物学家们一直相信，大自然的运行是没有计划没有意义的，不会按照预先设定的途径实现任何目的。
英语翻译资格考试-（a）英语翻译高级口译中译英人文教育（二）
(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英人文教育(二)试题1年近古稀的我，应该说是饱经风霜、世事洞明了。
但依然时而明白，时而懵懂。
孔子曰：“七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。
”大概已达到大彻大悟的思想境界了吧。
吾辈凡夫，生存在功利社会，终日忙忙碌碌，为柴米油盐所困，酒色财气所惑，既有追求，又有烦恼，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉!老年人的从心所欲，不是说可以我行我素，倚老卖老，从心所欲，说白了，就是要有自己的活法，在心灵深处构筑独自的“自由王国”。
海阔任鱼跃，天高任鸟飞，悠悠然自得其乐。
这种自由，既是无限的，又是有限的，无限的从心所欲寓于有限的生活空间。
我想，这大概就是孔夫子所说的“不逾矩”吧。
1、年近古稀的我，应该说是饱经风霜、世事洞明了。
但依然时而明白，时而懵懂。
2、孔子曰：“七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。
”大概已达到大彻大悟的思想境界了吧。
3、吾辈凡夫，生存在功利社会，终日忙忙碌碌，为柴米油盐所困，酒色财气所惑，既有追求，又有烦恼，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉!4、老年人的从心所欲，不是说可以我行我素，倚老卖老，从心所欲，说白了，就是要有自己的活法，在心灵深处构筑独自的“自由王国”。
5、海阔任鱼跃，天高任鸟飞，悠悠然自得其乐。
6、这种自由，既是无限的，又是有限的，无限的从心所欲寓于有限的生活空间。
我想，这大概就是孔夫子所说的“不逾矩”吧。
试题2因工作关系，我30年来，年年要外出公干，足迹几乎遍布全国，没有到过的地方只有西藏、内蒙和澳门。
可惜远行奔波间，车马劳顿，总是行色匆匆，山水的怡情悦目，都如过眼的云烟，只不过领略了一个大概，不能去探寻幽僻的妙境。
我凡事喜欢有自己的见解，不屑于人云亦云，即使是论诗品画，都是持一种别人珍贵的东西我抛弃、别人遗弃的东西我收取的态度。
佛家有云，境由心生，因此，所谓的名胜，全在于你怎么看，有的名胜，你并不觉得它有多好；有的不是名胜，你自己却以为是个妙境。
这里且将我平生的游历逐一道来，与诸君共享。
7、因工作关系，我30年来，年年要外出公干，足迹几乎遍布全国，没有到过的地方只有西藏、内蒙和澳门。
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题(4)
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题(4)The term “American dream” is widely used today. Butwhat exactly does this concept mean? Where does the term come from? Has the meaning of the term changed over time?Questions like these can complicate a seemingly simple term and lead us to an even more important question： is the American dream a myth or a reality today?The term “American dream” began to be widely used in 1867. The term was used in a famous novel written by Horatio Alger. The novel, Ragged Dick, was a “rags to riches” story about a little boy who was orphaned and lived in New York.The boy saved all his pennies, worked very hard, andeventually became rich. The novel sent the message to the American public that anyone could succeed in America if they were honest, worked hard, and showed determination to succeed. No matter what your background, no matter where you were from, no matter if you had no money or no family, hard work and perseverance would always lead to success.Today, the message from Alger’s novel is still aprevalent one in this country. It is still used to define the American dream. A very basic definition of the American dream is that it is the hope of the American people to have abetter quality of life and a higher standard of living than their parents. This can mean that each generation hopes for better jobs, or more financial security, or ownership of land or a home.However, new versions and variations of the Americandream have surfaced since Alger’s novel was published. Forone thing, the basic definition I stated a moment ago — the idea that Americans are always seeking to improve their lifestyle — also suggests that each generation wants more than the previous generation had. Some people would arguethat this ever-increasing desire to improve the quality of one’s life may have started out on a smaller scale in the past, but today has led to an out-of-control consumerism and materialism.Another more benign view of the American dream is that it is about the desire to create opportunities for ourselves, usually through hard work. A hallmark of the American dream, some would argue, is the classic “self-starter,” the person who starts out with very little in life—little money, few friends, few opportunities—and works hard to make his or her way in the world. A classic example of this type of American dreamer would be former president Abraham Lincoln, who was born in a log cabin, was largely self-educated, and yet worked his way up in the world to eventually become a United States president.This view of the American dream has also been associated with immigrants and their quests for a better life in a new country. Americans have long been fascinated by immigrant stories, and many feel great pride about their own families who may have come from other countries, worked very hard, and created a better life for future generations.The American dream has also, historically, been associated with westward expansion in this country. Throughout most of the 1800s, the notion of the frontier—a vast expanse of largely unclaimed land in the West—symbolized new opportunities and a fresh start to people. Many a dreamer set off for the West in search of land, jobs, gold, or other opportunities, often with next to nothing in his pocket. Unfortunately, this idea of new opportunities in the West had a negative side.The American West was not unpopulated; Native American Indians already lived there, along with other immigrant groups, and these people were often displaced — or met with violence — if they interfered with the visions or ideas of westward-migrating Americans.A more recent interpretation of the American dream has to do with equality. Civil rights activists such as Dr. Martin Luther King Junior, used some of the rhetoric associated with the American dream to urge people to work for equal opportunities for all Americans, not just some Americans. A harsh reality was becoming clear to some people, especiallyin the 1960s and 1970s： not everyone had the same opportunities. If people were denied jobs, education, or other opportunities because of their race, ethnic background, or gender, was the American dream only a myth?。
2020年英语翻译口译笔译考试模拟试题及答案
2020年英语翻译口译笔译考试模拟试题及答案The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as rippling job layoffs ravaged household budgets.Household income declined across all groups, but at sharper percentage levels for middle-income and poor Americans. Median income fell last year from $52,163 to$50,303, wiping out a decade's worth of gains to hit thelowest level since 1997. Poverty jumped sharply to 13.2 percent, an 11-year high.No one should be surprised at the increased disparity. Analysts attributed the widening gap to the wave of layoffsin the economic downturn that have devastated household budgets. They said while the richest Americans may be seeing reductions in executive pay, those at the bottom of theincome ladder are often unemployed and struggling to get by.中译英2020年翩不过至，世界24个时区的万千钟声，此起彼伏，宣告在这人类新千年中，一个10年代的终结，又是另一个10年代的开始。
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题及讲解8
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题及讲解8A former Government chief scientist once told me that we should always have a PlanB ready in case Plan A doesn’t work –or doesn’t happen. He was speaking in relation to the possibility of “geo-engineering” the climate if it becomes obvious that global warming is beginning to tip irrevocably towards a potentially dangerous state.He could only say this once he was out of office of course because the official Government view at the time – as it is now –was that “there is no Plan B” in relation to climate change, that the only conceivable way of avoiding dangerous global temperature increases in the future is to curb the production of greenhouse gas emissions now.Geo-engineering is defined as the deliberate, large-scale in order to limit undesirable climate change, but it is seen by many as a technical fix too far. At its most outlandish, geo-engineering envisages putting giant mirrors in space to deflect incoming solar radiation, but it also includes more benign interventions, such as solar powered “a rtificial trees” in the desert for soaking up carbon dioxide in the air.Despite the official view of there being no Plan B, however, last week’s fifth report by the has placed geo-engineering firmly on the agenda – even if the scientific panel rather denigrates the idea as probably unworkable and potentially dangerous. Nevertheless, for some critics of geo-engineering the mere mention of the concept in such anofficial and high-profile publication is enough to see red.Indeed, the Canadian-based ETC Group of environmentalists, perceived a Russian-led conspiracy to subvert the IPCC process. Russia had insisted on the addition of geo-engineering to the report and it is Russia where many geo-engineering projects are being tested, the ETC Group claims.Before getting carried away with the inclusion for thefirst time of geo-engineering in an IPCC report, it is worth pointing out that the panel emphasises the inherent flaws of the proposals to counter rising temperatures. Deflecting sunlight with artificially created white clouds over the oceans, for instance, would do nothing to prevent the acidification of the oceans and, if it had to be stopped for any reason, global surface temperatures would soon rise again even higher than before.In short, if we rely on a technical fix to , rather than addressing the root problem, we could become addicted to the illusion that all is well when, in fact, all that we aredoing is delaying the inevitable, while increasing the riskof some serious unintended consequences, which history tellsus are never far away from big engineering proposals of this kind.Take for instance the relatively small-scale geo-engineering project to divert the rivers running into theAral Sea of the former Soviet Union. Half a century ago the Aral Sea was the fourth largest lake in the world with a thriving commercial fishery, but by 2007 it had declined to about 10 per cent of its original size, with fishing boats stranded in the middle of a toxic salt pan.Soviet scientists diverted water from two rivers running into the Aral Sea to irrigate fields of cotton and other crops. But in the end they created a barren, dusty landscape where once there was a sea filled with wildlife. Toxins and salt blown from the Aral’s parched basement even threa tened the very crops that the project was meant to generate.So when some people talk about the possibility of “fixing” the climate with technological interventionsrather than cuts in carbon dioxide emissions, let’s not forget history. Perhaps HM Government is right： there is no Plan B.Talking of carbon dioxide, I have just returned from an interesting visit to the Czech Republic where health tourism, rather than being frowned upon, is positively encouraged.What has this got to do with carbon dioxide, you may ask? Well one of the more curious, if not bizarre “medical” treatments you can buy is a dip in a dry bath of carbon dioxide. For 20 minutes or so you bathe everything below your waist (fully clothed) in an atmosphere of “natural” carbon dioxide pumped from underground sources.It is said by those who sell it to cure a range of conditions and even acts like a dose of Viagra. Strictly in the interests of science I volunteered. I intend to publish my findings in a peer-reviewed scientific journal – that is if I can find one prepared to overlook my limited set of data points.本文后附上三个题目：。
翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题
翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题想要顺利通过高级口译，平时需多加练习，给大家带来翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题，希望对大家有所帮助。
下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题Crime control is a pretty complex question, the first step, of course, is deterrence to stop people from committing crime in the first place. That involves the economy. Are there enough jobs for everyone? There should be. And social structure, are there enough support system? And so on. When people are convicted, and put in prison, then the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons. So th ey want person comes out, they don’t return to a life of crime. If the education program and drug treatment program have been cut, convicted criminals are not being reformed.译文：如何控制犯罪率是一个十分复杂的问题。
首先，当然要防止犯罪行为的发生。
包括从经济方面来说，是否有足够的工作提供给所有人?这个是应该要保证的;从社会机构来说，是否有足够的社会保障体系?等等。
而一旦人们犯了罪，被关进监狱了，那么监狱里就需要有改造计划，可以让这些人出狱之后，不再回到犯罪生涯。
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2020年翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题及解析
翻译段落：
The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor
and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure,
and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure’s major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.
A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative
effect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow could
be great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so that
deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing but
spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. This
productivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.
参考译文：
政府支出对于整个经济的影响作用，受到以下两个因素的制约。
第一，政府支出之时劳动力和资本的利用情况;第二，接受(政府)支出
的经济部分。
如果整个经济或接受(政府)支出的经济领域充分地或接
近充分地发挥效能，那么政府支出的效果不会很大，所以资本和劳动
力也不会得到充分利用。
而如果经济潜能并未充分发挥，政府支出则
会真正促动GNP的增长。
对于政府增加支出而产生的效果，真实的衡量标准并非在于最初
的支出数额，而在于这个笔开支经过多次投入而产生的长期效果。
在
理想的情况下，最初的收入增长产生的税收会超过最初的“负债投入”或“减免的税收”。
这样，赤字不但小于GNP的增长，而且得到了补偿。
凯恩斯的经济学理论认为，政府决策的重点并非在于平衡预算，
而在于生产水平没有得到充分发挥，失业率居高不下之时增加支出。
联邦支出能够促动生产水平这个理论使得传统的经济理论受到挑战。
这是因为后者认为政府应发挥类似公司的职能，尽力平衡预算。
翻译点评：
1. The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor
and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure,
and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure.
关于本句断句：
对于英语长句，原则上应该实行断句处理。
断句时，应注意英语
动作名词以及动词的标记作用。
本句一般情况下能够分成三句处理。
The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy：政府支出对整个经济产生影响。
varies with both：这种影响受制于
以下两大因素。
the level of utilization of labor and capital
in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the
segment of the economy which receives the expenditure：第一，
政府开支之时劳动力和资本的利用情况;第二，接受开支的经济部分。
加上“第一”、“第二”使中文译文更加具有条理性。
翻译具有某种体裁特征的文章，也就是genre，译者有必要对译文用词构句作适当的调整，以符合中文此类文章的口吻。
在参考答案中，本句，乃至全文的翻译都经过了一定水准的细微调整或者说“改写”。
关于定语从句的翻译：
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
非限制性定语从句一般可单独译成独立的中文句子;限制性定语从句则需根据具体情况加以处理。
which receives the expenditure作为限制性定语从句修饰the segment of the economy，与先行词关系密切，不宜译成独立的中文句子。
2. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.
关于employment：
词的准确意思存有于上下文之中。
这个断言在这里得到了充分的证实。
很多考生误以为这里的employment与上句中的employment同义。
实际上，上句中的employment是“利用”的意思，而本句中的employment则与is operating at capacity or close to capacity 中的capacity相当，可译为“发挥(效能)”。
这种利用上下文“引申”、“猜测”词义的水平在阅读翻译英美原版文章时尤为重要。
3. A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and re-spending.
关于词类转换：。