现在分词作状语及习题
现在分词作状语
一、作时间状语如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生，分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词while或when。
例如：①Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.(＝When they heard the news，they...)听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
②Walking slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired. 精品文档，你值得期待他慢慢地走过草地，把枪对准狮子就射击了。
③One day，while walking along the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot.有一天，克鲁索沿着沙滩走向他的船时，在沙子里看见一个人的脚印。
如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。
这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。
如果用一般式就会给人感觉到似乎是"某人在做某事时就开始做某事"，容易产生误解。
但是，如果现在分词是hear，see等表示感官的动词或是leave，arrive，turn，open等表示位置转换或情况改变的动词，现在分词所表示的动作发生后，主句的动作往往紧接着发生，那就不必用完成式，仍用一般式。
例如：①Having watered the flowers(＝After／When he had watered the flowers)，he began to cut the grass.他把花浇好后，开始割草。
②Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。
③Hearing the footstep below(＝When he heard the footstep below)，he rose and went to the top of the stairs.听见下面脚步声，他站起身来走到楼梯口去。
分词作状语用法
分词作状语⽤法分词作状语⽤法是所有分词⽤法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。
分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句⼦的主语。
⼀、现在分词作状语⼀、现在分词作状语，表主动、进⾏，相当于⼀个状语从句，根据需要可以使⽤被动式或完成式。
Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life.Being ill, she can't go to work today.The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping.1. He sent me an e-mail, _______ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _____ the girl and took her away, ______ into the woods.A. seizing; disappearedB. seized; disappearedC. seizing; disappearingD. seized; disappearing⼆、现在分词的时态语态1. 现在分词的⼀般式由“动词 +ing ”构成，其被动式为“ being+ 动词过去分词” 。
例如： The students standing there are from Class Three.The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October.2. 现在分词的完成式由“ having + 动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“ having +been+ 动词过去分词”。
分词作状语(附练习)
分词作状语(附练习)中学英语教学资源网→教学文摘→分词作状语2011-11-21 →手机版分词作状语是高考考查的热点和重要考点，其热点考查内容如下：一．确定分词形式分词作状语时，通常放在句首，并且用逗号与主句隔开。
同时，分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致，也就是说在确定选择现在分词还是过去分词时，要判断主句主语与分词中心词的关系。
如果句子的主语是动词-ing形式所表示的动作的发出者（即表主动或正在进行），分词形式选用现在分词；如果句子的主语是动词-ed形式所表示的动作的承受者时（即表被动或完成），分词形式选用过去分词。
例：1, _______, I stretched my hand out for it.A. I saw the book I wanted on the shellB. The book I wanted was on the shellC. Seeing the book lying across the deskD. Lying on the desk分析：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
根据这一原则，可知句子的主语I 只能与see保持一致。
如果选A, 该句中没有连词，没能构成并列句和主从复合句，此时要选用非谓语动词形式。
所以选C2, Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.分析：“Seen from the hill”是过去分词作状语。
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
根据这一原则，可知，“the park”是“Seen from the hill”的逻辑主语，它们之间表示被动关系，所以分词形式用seen.二．确立句子主语可能是谁确立句子主语可能是谁时，仍然遵循分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致的原则。
反过来要根据分词形式确立句子主语。
例：Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A. doctors came to their rescueB. the tall building collapsedC. an emergency measure was takenD. warning were given to tourists分析: 本题仍考查非谓语动词的用法。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语的几种形式
1. 一般形式：现在分词的动作和主句谓语动词的 动作同时发生用：doing/ not doing
Hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.
2. 完成式：当分词的动作先于主句谓语动词的动 作发生用分词的完成式：having done/not having done
B --- I must apologize for______ ahead of time. --- That is all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 否定式：not doing/ not having done
When she heard the news, she rushed out of the door. (When) hearing the news, she rushed out of the door.
-ing形式作状语 意思上相当于一个状从句 和句子主语是主动关系，(和谓语动词发生 的时间同时进行) (表时间可保留when)
______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Wait C. Having waited D. Waiting
The actress sat there, ____ what to do. A.doesn’t knowing B. didn’t knowing C. not know D. not knowing
高中现在分词作状语完整版
5. 表结果（表示自然而然的结果）
Eg. 1) Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother.
(=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with
entrance examination to college. F
Studying hard, you will pass the entrance
examination to college. T
Study hard, and you will pass the entrance
examination to college. T
her younger brother.)
2) The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song.
比较： He hurried to the airport only to find that the famous film star had left. (不定式作结果状语表出乎意料的结果）
Walking in the street, he met an old friend.
2. 完成式：当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发 生用分词的完成式：having done
Having finished the class, she went home.
Having finished his homework, he went to play football.
A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed
高考英语语法专项练习：分词作状语 附练习题及答案
高考英语语法专项练习：分词作状语附练习题及答案一、分词作状语1. 分词作状语的基本形式分词作状语是英语中一种常见的短语结构，它由分词（现在分词或过去分词）和修饰语构成，用来表示动作或状态的方式、原因、时间、条件、结果等方面的意义。
分词短语可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，起到修饰动词、形容词、副词等成分的作用。
2. 分词作状语的用法（1）表示方式：分词短语修饰动词，表示动作的方式。
例如：The boy ran home, whistling happily.那个男孩高高兴兴地哨着曲子跑回家。
（2）表示原因：分词短语修饰动词，表示动作的原因。
例如：Feeling tired, she went to bed early.由于感到疲劳，她早早地上床睡觉了。
（3）表示时间：分词短语修饰动词，表示动作的时间。
例如：Having finished his homework, he went out to play.他做完作业后就出去玩了。
（4）表示条件：分词短语修饰动词，表示动作的条件。
例如：Being rainy, we decided to stay indoors.由于天气雨天，我们决定呆在室内。
（5）表示结果：分词短语修饰动词，表示动作的结果。
例如：The boy fell off his bike, hurting his knee.那个男孩从自行车上摔下来，伤了膝盖。
3. 分词作状语的构成（1）现在分词作状语通常用来表示动作进行的方式、原因、时间、条件等，常常放在谓语动词之后，或者放在句首，用逗号与句子分开。
例如：He walked down the street, whistling a tune.他哼着曲子沿街走去。
Whistling a tune, he walked down the street.哼着曲子，他沿街走去。
（2）过去分词作状语通常用来表示动作已经完成或者被完成的情况，常常放在谓语动词之后，或者放在句首，用逗号与句子分开。
分词 (现在分词,过去分词)作 状语
可以表示时间，原因，条件，结果，伴随，让步等情况。
举例：1.Seeing from the top of the mountain，he saw a beautiful city.2.Her mother died in 2001，leaving her with her younger brother.3.Having read the letter from her daughter，he sat down with relief.4.Not having received any letter from him, I gave him a call.对比：Not knowing his dress，she went to a policeman for help.5.Seen from the top of the mountain，Chongqing is a beautiful city.6.The child learns fast，well brought up by his parents.7.Being struck by the heavy storm，they felt helpless.8.Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake. 总结：分词做状语的表现形式及区别注意点：1. 表示时间关系的分词短语有时候可以由while/when引出。
Eg：When offered help，one often says，“thank you”.Be careful when crossing the street.2.有些分词货不定式短语作状语，其形式不受上下文限制，我们称其为独立成分。
常见的有：Generally/frankly speaking；Judging from/by；Considering/ taking .....into consideration；To tell you the truth；Seeing....考虑到；Supposing....假如，如果；Provided (that)....如果；3.独立主格的问题。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语1)在某些动词(a)或复合谓语(b)后可用现在分词(短语)作状语a.He spent a lot of moneymodernizing the house，他花了很多钱，把房子摘得很新潮。
we wasted a whole afternoon trying Io repair the car，我们试着修车浪费了整个下午。
She'sgoing shopping this afternoon.她今天下午要去购物。
The boy came running into the house男孩跑进屋来。
He rode away whistling.他吹着口哨骑车走了。
Sophia sat waiting on the sofa in the sitting-room.索菲娅坐在客厅沙发上等着。
I stood watching her,not knowing what to do，我站着看着她，不知如何是好。
She was lying in bed crying.她躺在床上哭。
He pretends to busy himself writing.参他假装忙着写东西。
Some left the hall stilt weeping，有些人离开大厅时还在哭泣。
The manager approached ussmiling。
经理笑着走近我们。
He ran out of the house shouting，他喊叫着跑了出来。
b.The girls are busy making an垆cia11owers.姑娘们在忙着做纸花。
She was in the kitchenpreparing supper，她在厨房做晚饭。
Many vehicles there are idle awaiting repairs，许多车辆停在那里等候修理。
Over 20,000 people were there watching the football match. 两万多人在那里观看足球赛。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
现在分词作状语一、现在分词具有形容词和副词特征，用作副词时，充当时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、方式以及让步状语。
1. 作时间状语，可改为时间状语从句，分词前可加while或when等连词。
When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. =When we compare different cultures… (06全国)2. 作条件状语，可改为条件状语从句，分词前可加once, until, if等连词。
Turning to the right, you will find the path leading to the park. =If you turn to the left …3. 作原因状语，可改为原因状语从句。
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam. =Because/ As he had been ill in bed… (04福建)4. 作结果状语，可改为which引导非限制性定语从句，分词前可加thus，加强语气。
Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, reaching a record $57.65 a barrel on April. =…, which reach a record $57.65 a barrel on April. (05山东)5. 作让步状语，可改为让步状语从句，分词前可加although, though, even if, even though等连接词。
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. = Though his parents lack money, they … (02上海)6. 作伴随状语，相当于and连接并列谓语。
About one-six undergraduates in Beijing this year are willing to spend as much as 2,6oo Yuan on driving courses, seeing it as an investment in their future.= …, and see it as an investment in their future.“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, running away =…and ran away (05全国)7. 作方式状语。
Jack came here, running.二、现在分词的时态以及否定形式分词的动作与谓语同时发生用一般式，可转化为on+动名词或when/while引导的时间状语从句，从句根据语境用一般过去时或过去进行时；分词动作先于谓语动词用完成式，可转化为after+动名词的一般式或after /when引导的时间状语从句，从句中用完成式；现在分词的否定式：not+分词构成。
Hearing his father’s voice, the boy turned off the TV set at once.= On hearing his father’s voice…或When the boy heard father’s voice, he…Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京）=After waiting in the queue…或When Tom had waited in the queue for half an hour, he…三、现在分词的逻辑主语及独立结构分词作状语，逻辑主语与句子主语一致；如不一致时，分词带上自己的逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构。
误：While watching television, the doorbell rang. (05全国)正：While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring. (05全国)误：Being sunny, we went on a spring outing.正：It being sunny, we went on a spring outing.四、掌握以下区别1. 首动词的用法区别动词不定式作目的状语，句①；过去分词短语作状语，表被动、完成，句②；祈使句+and/or+简单句，句③；现在分词作状语，表主动，其完成式表动作先于谓语发生，句④；动名词作主语，句⑤。
①To find out more about university courses, call(920)746-3789 (05浙江)②Mailed out automatically, the e-mail will be received by all the club remembers.（06上海）③Go straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.（2004 湖北）④Having suffered from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.（2000上海）⑤Being exposed to sunlight for too much tim e will do harm to one’s skin. (02上海)2. 不定式与分词作结果状语区别European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sports in the world.一种因果关系。
(NMET98)He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 一种出乎意料结果。
(05广东)3. 分词短语作状语与从句区别误：Not having found a proper partner, so he gave up the double act.正：Not having found a proper partner, he gave up the double act.正：He had not found a proper partner, so he gave up the double act.五、注意一些特殊用法judging by从……来判断；generally/frankly/strictly/honestly speaking通常地讲，坦白地说，严格地讲，诚实地说；considering考虑到，就……而言，鉴于；supposing假定，假设，设想；seeing that鉴于，由于，因为；given that考虑到；provided/providing that如果，假如……的情况下；to begin with起初、开始，首先、第一；to make things worse使事情更糟糕等【创新试题】：1. Companies turn to the public, ______ people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits.A. inviteB. to inviteC. invitingD. having invited2. I ran to the horse, ______how to pet it, just _____ the most beautiful creature.A. not even knowing；excited to seeB. didn’t even know；excited to seeC. not even knowing；exciting to seeD. not even known；excited seeing3. Just after a meeting of officials of world powers, Iraq and neighboring states, suicide bombers killed 29 people in Baghdad on Sunday, _____ the present situation more serious.A. madeB. makingC. having madeD. to make4. The first 10 copies of the books you subscribed in advance are being delivered to you, the rest_____ in a few days.A. followsB. to followC. will followD. being followed5. ______ in the forest for a few days, the students, luckily enough, were met by the local villagers.A. LostB. LosingC. Being lostD. Having lost6. When______ a certain person, we’d better pay attention not only to hi s weaknesses but also to his strengths.A. evaluatedB. being evaluatedC. evaluatingD. having evaluated7. As the cartoon film began, these school children watched ______.A. fascinatedB. fascinatingC. being fascinatedD. having fascinated8. Before outing, we get well prepared. ______, we are informed of safety tips. Then we take necessary things in case we are cold, hungry, thirsty or in danger.A. Beginning withB. Having begun withC. To begin withD. Begin with9. I looked through the questions, ______ that though they were much more difficult than expected, much to my relief, some of them seemed to have been done before.A. notedB. to noteC. notingD. having noted10. He’s been sitting there for more than an hour, not m aking any trouble _____ anything either.A. and not orderB. but not to orderC. but not orderingD. and didn’t order11. My weekly plan, which made me almost mad, _____ me extremely _____.A. left；tiredB. left；tiringC. leaving；tiredD. leaving；tiring12. Mr. Smiths offered us a lift when he was leaving the school, but our exercises _______, we refused the offer.A. wasn’t finishedB. hadn’t been finishedC. not having finishedD. not being finished13. ______ by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.A. JudgingB. JudgedC. To be judgedD. Having been judged14. While striving to keep the economy growing, ________.A. measures must be taken to save energy and cut pollution in ChinaB. China will do more to save energy and cut pollution in 2007C. Monday's annual report indicates steps must be taken to save energy and cut pollutionD. as Monday's annual report shows, energy must be saved and pollution must be cut in China15. —What will Andrew be doing in the fall.—______ chemistry at a high school.A. TeachB. To teachC. TeachingD. Teaches16. The dog, ______, will make a good working dog, _____as eyes, ears, or even arms and legs of the disabled.A. properly to train；servingB. trained properly；servingC. training properly；to serveD. to be trained properly；serving17. —Can the project be finished as planned?—Sure, ______ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.A. having gotB. to getC. gettingD. get18. _______, we’ll go on a spring out ing and get relaxed.A. Time permittedB. Time permittingC. Time permitsD. If time will permit19. The whole day Joan stayed at home, washing and cleaning. Unfortunately, ______ the window, her fingers were badly cut.A. to cleanB. having cleanedC. while cleaningD. while she was cleaning20. ______ a night in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.A. spendingB. Having spentC. spentD. to spent【答案解析】：1. 答案：C。