现在分词作状语
现在分词 状语
现在分词状语
1. 现在分词可以用作状语，表示与谓语动词同时或居前发生的动作或状态。
2. 现在分词状语可以对主语、谓语、宾语、时间、地点、原因等进行修饰。
3. 现在分词状语可以表达主动、进行中、持续性的动作或状态。
4. 现在分词状语可用于表示伴随状况，如"他走着走着，突然停下来了"。
5. 现在分词状语与主句主语一致时，可以表达两者同时进行的动作，如"他打着电话走进屋子"。
6. 现在分词状语可表示对比关系，如"他笑着，我却哭了"。
7. 现在分词状语可以表示原因，如"天气太热，我们锻炼的时候总是汗流浃背"。
8. 现在分词状语可以修饰时间，如"晚饭做好了，我刚收拾完桌子"。
9. 现在分词状语可以修饰地点，如"他坐在沙发上看电视"。
10. 现在分词状语可以表示结果，如"他太累了，跑步跑着跑着就摔倒了"。
现在分词做状语
现在分词做状语现在分词被用作状语。
其实大多数情况下，现在分词和它的关联成分一起作状语，也就是现在分词短语作状语，相当于它对应的状语从句。
大多数情况下，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。
例：1.作时间状语Entering the classroom, the students began to read English.一进教室，学生们就开始读英语。
（相当于As soon as/After they entered the classroom）2.作原因状语The girl doesn't feel like eating any food, being ill for a few days.这个女孩不想吃任何食物。
她已经病了几天了。
（相当于Because she has been ill for a few days或Because of her being ill for a few days）3.作条件状语Working hard, he will succeed in passing the English examination.如果他努力学习，他能通过英语考试。
（相当于从句If he works hard）4.作让步状语Being tired after work, he still insists on studying French.下班后很累，他仍然坚持学习法语。
（相当于Though he is tired after work或Though tired after work）5.作结果状语People all over the world sing the song, making it popular.全世界的人都唱这首歌，这使它流行起来。
（相当于so that they make it popular）6.作方式状语Travelling by car , we enjoyed many beautifull places.开车旅行时，我们欣赏了许多美丽的地方。
现在分词作状语有几种形式-有用
(4)表示结果
a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.
b. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.
c. They opened fire, killing one of our patrolmen.
2
Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the difficulties.
They stood there for an hour ,watching the game.
Don’t just stand there doing nothing.
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
=If we judge…
29
Generally speaking, every spy has a contact.
Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
23
注意2：分词作状语时，分词和 句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主 谓关系
逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作 由句子的主语发出或承受．
24
We are sitting here, making notes. make的动作由主语我们 发出
Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由the boy承受
27
He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
现在分词作状语英语
英语现在分词作状语现在分词具有动词的一些特征，所以现在分词也有时态与语态的变化，同时它又具有形容词和副词的句法功能，所以分词在句中可以充当表语、定语、补语与状语的功能作用。
(一）现在分词的形式（以动词do为例）（二）作状语1)表时间(When) Crossing the street, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework,he went out for a walk.2）表原因Not knowing Chinese, he couldn’t understand what I said.3）表条件(If ) Working hard, you will be successful some day.4）表让步(Though) working hard, he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5）表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking6）结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.（三）与状语从句互换分词作状语当表时间、原因、条件、让步时可以与状语从句互换（分词作状语就相当于一个状语从句）1）表时间Crossing the street（=When the old man was crossing）, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework(After he had done his homework ),he went out for a walk.2）表原因Not knowing Chinese(=Because he didn’t know Chinese ), he couldn’t understand what I said.3）表条件Working hard( If you work hard ), you will be successful some day.4）表让步Working hard (Though he worked hard) , he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5）表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking （不好互换）6）表结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces. （不好互换）注意问题：1.要熟练掌握现在分词的四种表达形式。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语如果现在分词表示的是主句动作的方式或手段，可以用作方式状语。
这时分词通常放在主句谓语动词之后。
例如：①He drove to the airport，listening to the。
all the way.他一路听着收音机，开车去了机场。
②She sat at the table，XXX.她坐在桌前写信。
③He solved the problem，using a new method.他用一种新方法解决了这个问题。
④The children ran out of the classroom，XXX.孩子们边跑边笑着喊着走出教室。
三、作原因状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的原因，这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前，其前常加上连词because或owing to。
例如：①Being tired，he went to bed early.由于累了，他早早上床睡觉了。
②Owing to the heavy rain，the game was put off.由于下大雨，比赛被推迟了。
③Because of having missed the train，he was XXX.因为误了火车，他开会迟到了。
四、作让步状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的让步，这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前，其前常加上连词though或although。
例如：①Though tired，he went on working.虽然累了，他还是继续工作。
②Although having failed many times，he didn't give up.虽然失败了很多次，他没有放弃。
③Though XXX，he still made the mistake.虽然老师警告过他，他还是犯了错误。
五、作条件状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的条件，这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前，其前常加上连词if或unless。
例如：①If left alone，the baby will cry.如果不理睬它，婴儿会哭的。
现在分词作状语
4. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _____ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. (福建2010) A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent
Having been translated ______________________into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. ( translate ) Having finished _____________his homework , he went to bed. ( finish )
T
Practice
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
动词现在分词作状语
动词现在分词作状语
动词的现在分词可以用作状语来修饰句子中的谓语动词，表达其进行的方式、原因、时间、条件等。
在句子中作状语时，现在分词通常表示与主句动作同时或先后发生的动作，也可以表示原因、方式等。
1、例如：时间状语：
走路时，他喜欢听音乐。
("走路时"是现在分词短语，表示时间，修饰主句动作喜欢听音乐。
)
学习时，要专心。
("学习"作为现在分词，表示时间，修饰主句动作要专心。
)
2、原因状语：
下雨，比赛取消了。
("下雨"作为现在分词，表示原因，修饰主句动作比赛取消了。
)
感到紧张，她开始发抖了。
("感到紧张"作为现在分词，表示原因，修饰主句动作她开始发抖了。
)
3、方式状语：
静静地等待着，他看着窗外的景色。
("静静地"作为现在分词，表示方式，修饰主句动作看着窗外的景色。
)
用力地推开门，他跌倒了。
("用力地"作为现在分词，表示方式，修饰主句动作推开门。
)。
现在分词做作状语
现在分词做作状语分词作为状语是一种常见的用法，它可以修饰句子的主语、谓语、宾语或整个句子。
根据分词的形式和用法，可以分为以下几种情况：1. 现在分词作主语状语：现在分词可以单独作主语状语，表示伴随动作或状态。
例如：- Swimming is a good way to keep fit. (游泳是保持健康的好方法。
)- Running in the morning is refreshing. (早晨跑步很令人神清气爽。
)2. 现在分词作时间状语：现在分词可以表示时间状况，常用的有while, when, before, after等引导词。
例如：- While studying, he listened to music. (他一边学习，一边听音乐。
)- After finishing his homework, he went out for a walk. (做完作业后，他出去散步了。
)3. 现在分词作原因状语：现在分词可以表示原因或理由。
例如：- Being tired, she went to bed early. (她累了，所以早早上床睡觉了。
)- Having missed the bus, he had to walk home. (他错过了公交车，只能步行回家了。
)4. 现在分词作结果状语：现在分词可以表示结果，常用的情况有so, therefore等引导词。
例如：- He studied hard so as to pass the exam. (他努力学习，以便通过考试。
)- The weather was bad, so they stayed at home. (天气不好，所以他们呆在家里。
)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy.
*Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *过去分词短语作原因状语
3.If I were given one more chance, I would like to tell the girl, “I love you.”….
2.Because he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school. *现在分词短语 作原因状语
3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.
Heated, water turns into steam
*When heated, water turns into steam. =When water is heated, water turns into steam.
5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded by many students.
现在分词的独立成分
有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子， 不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有： generally(frankly,honestly…) speaking, supposing (假设), judging from(从…判断), talking of（谈到), speaking of（谈到）,considering(考虑到，鉴于）等
• When he read the book, he nodded from time to time. When reading the book, he nodded from time to time. When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood. Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
*分词作状语时，为使状语含义更
加明确，有时在过去分词(现在分 词）前
可加上适当连词如：while， when，once，if，unless，as if， though
*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦……”)
=Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.
If they had been given more attention
see ________ Seeing from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box.
Seen ________from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.
选修六 Unit 5 Grammar
现在分词作状语
千万要注意V-ing 形式的规则哟！
不能单独作谓语， 没有人称和数的 变化，可以有自 己的宾语和状语。 还有时态和语态 的变化。
分词作状语
状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。
分词 作状语 伴随 让步 原因 条件 结果 时间 方式
分词的动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前
一、分词做状语
1、现在分词的一般式（doing）与句中主 语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动 作同时发生或者在其后发生。 2、完成式（having done）与句中主语构 成逻辑上的主谓关系，先与谓语动作而发 生。 3 过去分词（done）同动词现在分词的完 成形式（having been done）均与句中主 语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先与谓语动 词发生。
*Given one more chance, I would like to tell the girl , “ I love you.”…. *过去分词短语作条件状语
4.Although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight. *Having been defeated many times, they continued to fight. =Although defeated many times, they continued to fight. *过去分词短语作让步状语
现在分词短语 作让步状语
5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句)
*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking.
*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.
分词作状语功能表
表示的范围 1.时间 2.原因 3.条件 4.让步 相当的状语从句 时间状语从句 原因 状 语从句 条件 状 语从句 让步状 语从句 没有合适的状语从句
5.方式/伴随
A.现在分词作状语学与练
把划线部分改写成分词短语
并说明其功能 1.1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up.
正: He was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. 或 Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
对比练习
1. ________many times , but he still C couldn't understand it . 2. _______many times , he still couldn't A/B understand it . A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. He been told 3. ______from space , the earth looks A blue . 4.______from space , we can see the B earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeingthey had finished their homework,
they went home.
Having finished their homework, they went home.
*现在分词短语作(时间状语 )
*Having finished their homework表现的动 作在went home( 之前),故用分词的 ( 完成式 ).
主动形式 一 般 式 完 成 式 被动形式
doing
being done having been done
having done
He came into the classroom, talking and laughing.
doing 作状语，表示分词的动作与谓
语动作同时发生
Having finished his work, he went home.
*The teacher stood there (,)surrounded by many students
= Surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there. *过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语
Having been told many times, he didn’t make the same mistake. Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.
注意2：
--- ing形式（短语）的否定形式 常在其（ 前面 ）加not /never等。
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him.
注意1：
分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以 加上连词，但是分词和句子之间不能用 并列连词(如but，and，so)，因为并列连 词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只 是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之 间可用逗号。
例如: 误: Having been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.
*现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语
*不可改成相应状语从句
现在分词作状语代替状语从句
-ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示
时间、原因、结果、条件、 让步、方式或伴随情况等，
注：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。 即-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就 是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系。
现在分词的时态和语态
having done 作状语，表示分词的动作先
于谓语的动作发生
B.过去分词作状语学与练
把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并 说明其功能 1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry. *从句的动词用的是被动语态 *Asked why she did it, she began to cry. *过去分词短语作时间状语 *过去分词的动作由主语承受