生物物理化学

Marshall A G. Biophysical Chemistry. Wiley,1978.
Alan G. Marshall
Professor of Chemistry Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University 3
Cantor C R, et al. Biophysical Chemistry(pt.1,2,3). Freeman,1980. Marshall A G. Biophysical Chemistry. Wiley ,1978.
Marshall A G. Biophysical Chemistry .Wiley ,1976.
Pressure, p, Pa, 1 Pa=1 Nm-2; p 10 Pa Temperature, , ℃; T/K= / ℃+273.15 Volume, V, m3; Amount, n, mole (mol); NA = 6.021023 mol-1.
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1.1 The properties of gases
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1.4 The Phase Diagrams
The p,V,T relations- for real fluids
Isotherm
p, T
p, T
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1.4 The Phase Diagrams
The thermodynamic criterion of equilibrium:
At equilibrium, the chemical
The chemical potential, ,
dG Vdp SdT
G nGm μ Gm n T , p n T , p
Gm p Vm T
d Vmdp
p For an ideal gas: nRTln p
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REFERNCE BOOK
Cooper A. Biophysical Chemistry. RSC, 2004
Alan Cooper
Professor of Biophysical Chemistry Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow Chief Editor of the Biophysical Chemistry
rG
Products
ν G f
Reactants
ν G f
ν J f G (J)
J
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1.5 Chemical equilibrium
Biological standard states
The conventional standard state of hydrogen ions (unity activity pH=0) is not appropriate to normal biological conditions. In biochemistry it is common to adopt the biological standard state, in which pH = 7 (an activity of 10-7, neutral solution). Based on the biological standard state, the corresponding standard thermodynamic functions are labeled as G , and S ; and they are related to the standard thermodynamic functions. ,
V = constant×n
The combined gas Law--the perfect gas equation
pV nRT
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1.1 The properties of gases
p V 0 m T
For real gases:
T1
rC p
Products
ν C p ,m
Reactants
ν C p ,m
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1.3 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
f dq dqrev rev The entropy, S: dS S i T T
dS 0
(> irreversible, = reversible, < impossible)
p= f (T,V,n)
Boyle’s Law At constant T Charle’s Law At constant p V/T = constant Avogadro’s Principle
At constant V p/T = constant
At constant T,p
pV = constant
Biophysical Chemistry
MU Bo-Zhong
Tel: 64252063 bzmu@ Lab. Biophys. Chem. E. China Univ. Sci. Technol.
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COURSE DESCRIPTION
Biophysical chemistry is the branch of chemistry (specifically, a branch of physical chemistry) that develops principles of the subject, and it is closely linked up the physics, chemistry and biology. Its concepts are used to explain observations on the physical and chemical properties of biological objects. Biophysical chemistry deals with either the structure of biological molecules and their functions, or the metabolic process of biological organisms. This course will particularly focus on the structures and properties of typical biological macromolecules, and on the principles of the experimental techniques, as well.
Templer R H, et al (Eds). Biophysical Chemistry. RSC, 2002.
Richard H. Templer
Chair Professor of Biophysical Chemistry Department of Chemistry, Imperial College Sci Tech London
p f For real gases: nRTln p nRTln p
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1.4 The Phase Diagrams
The p,V,T relations - for a perfect gas
q p C p T
qV CV T
Standard reaction enthalpy
(J) ν H r H ν J H m (J) ν J f H (J) J c
J J J
Hess's law sub H fus H vap H Kirchhoff ’ law H T H T T2 C dT r 2 r 1 r p
H
pV pV G U A TS
A A p, S V T T V
G A V , S p T p T
TS
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1.3 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
G ξ p,T
c d a RTlnQ CaD rG rG RTln G r aa ab A B
Thermodynamic equilibrium constant
rG RTlnQ RTln K
2 p V 2 m
0 T
The molecule itself occupies a volume; There are interactions among molecules;
Critical point
(p+△p) (V -△V )=nRT
RT a p 2 Vm b Vm
isothermal plane
isotonic plane
isobar
isotherm
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1.4 The Phase Diagrams
The p,V,T relations- for real fluidsIsotherm来自Isothermp, V
k, saturated fluid i, saturated gas
The van de Waals equation
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1.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
Work, heat and the internal energy
△U = q + w — the First Law of thermodynamics