which在非限制性定语从句的用法
which引导的定语从句
关于which引导从句的小结：关系代词which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。
1. 引导限制性定语从句A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. [ stock存货]商店应存有最畅销的货物。
This is the family which is planning to move to the city这是要搬进城里的一家。
2. 引导非限制性定语从句。
（1 ）用来指代一个句子。
Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen.因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。
（2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。
When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him.他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。
（3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个which 前要加and.He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend.他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。
练习1.[1. board董事会 2. data资料,数据 3. shareholder 【英】股东 4. on behalf of代表 5. guard保护]The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders.which的先行词是谁？译文：保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键，董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。
which引导的定语从句的用法
which引导的定语从句的用法which可以引导定语从句，修饰表示事物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语。
例如： He was reading a book, which was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。
（关系代词which 在修饰book的定语从句中充当主语。
）He was reading a book, which he had bought from London. 他正在读一本书，这本书是从伦敦买回来的。
（关系代词which在修饰book的定语从句中充当宾语。
）which引导非限定性定语从句时有一个特殊用法，即它所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句中更多的部分甚至整个主句（这时被定语从句所修饰的“先行词”要作广义理解）， which仍在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如：He set free the birds happily， which was a celebration for his success. 他开心地把鸟放了，这是对他成功的一种庆祝。
把非限定性定语从句“which was a celebration for his success”的先行词视为主句中的“the birds”显然不符合整句的语境，被“which was a celebration for his success”所修饰的是整个主句， which所引导的这类特殊的非限定性定语从句对主句所叙述的情况进行某种意义的补充说明， which常可译为“这一点，这件事”。
［考题1］ You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ____ is always busy at the weekend. （2006上海春）A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which［答案］ D［解析］引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰the shopping centre，应选用D选项中的关系代词which， which在该定语从句中充当主语。
定语从句中关系代词as与which的用法
学法新探关系代词as与which在定语从句中有时可以相互替换，但又有不同之处，稍不留心，极易使用不当，出现差错。
对此，笔者剖析了关系代词as与which在定语从句中的用法，以期能够帮助同学们准确把握和运用。
一、关系代词as与which在限制性定语从句中的用法关系代词as、which均可以用于限制性定语从句中，有时可以相互替换，但两者仍有着一定的差异，具体体现在：（1）当定语从句中的先行词为某物，且先行词前面有so,such,the same，as many/much等修饰语时，则只能用as引导限制性定语从句，不能用which引导。
比如：①It’s the same book as I bought yesterday.这本书和我昨天买的一样。
（不能用which代替as）②HongKong is so prosperous a city as is referred to as a shop-ping paradise.香港是一个繁荣的城市，被称为购物天堂。
(不能用which代替as)③These housed are sold atsuch a low price as people expected.这些房子按人们预料的那样低价出售了。
(不能用which代替as)（2）当先行词是表示某物的名词或代词时，且在从句中又做介词宾语时，则不可以用as引导限制性定语从句，只能用which引导限制性定语从句。
如：①Thisis the good car on which I spent all my money.这是我花了所有钱买的那辆好车。
（不能用as代替which）③This is the knife with which we cut the bread.这是我们切面包用的刀。
（不能用as代替which）③There is amountain of which the top is always covered with snow.有一座山顶总是覆盖着雪的山。
非限制性定语从句用法
非限制性定语从句用法一．关系代词Who、Whom、Which、As、WhoseWho指人，在从句中充当主语Whom在从句中充当宾语1.Lintao, who is our monitor, was praised by our teacher.(主语)2.Peter, whom you met in Paris, has arrived back from vacation. (宾语) Which 代指主句中的一个词或某一部分或整个句子1.The apple trees, which I planted, hasn’t produced any fruit.（一个词、宾语）2.I am taking some weight-loss pills, which are quite popular here.（一个词、主语）3.He said that we had never seen her before, which was not true.（一个部分）4.Jone passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.（整个句子）Whose 代指定语（名词所有格或形容词性物主代词）1.My cousin, whose body is slim, took part in the activities.2.Daniel, whose brother I share a room with, has gone abroad.二．关系副词when、whereWhere在从句中充当地点状语1.The toy is in the drawer, where I often keep them.2.The story happened in Hunan, where Chairman Mao was born. When在从句中充当时间状语1.I left on Sunday, when everyone was at home.2.We will set off next month, when he feels better.Why（不出现）用for which替换1.We couldn’t accept the reason, for which he was late. Exercise:。
which引导的定语从句
（1）Water，whichis a clear liquid,has many uses.水是一种透明的液体，有许多用途。
▲[which指代物（water），在从句中作主语]
（2）The bag,whichI bought yesterday,is too expensive.这个包贵了，我昨天买的这包。
▲[which指代物（the bag），在从句中作动词bought的宾语]
（3）The hotel,whichyou will stay in,is famous.你将入住的那家宾馆很有名。
▲[which指代（the hotel），在从句中作介词in的宾语]
（4）She was a teacher,which I know.我知道她曾经是个老师。
（2）This is the book（which）you asked for.(which可省)
2、which在限制性定语从句中作介词宾语时，该介词可以置于从句句末，也可以提前至which前，置于定语从句之首，此时，which不可省略（置于从句之首较为正式）
如：This is the book（which）you asked for.(which可省)
=The hotel,in whichyou will stay, is famous..(which不可省略)
（2）I saw the letterwhichcame yesterday.我看到了昨天寄到的信。
▲[which指代物（the letter），在从句中作主语。]
（3）The moviewhichwe watchedwas fantastic.我们看的电影很好看。
▲[which指代物（the movie），在从句中作动词watched的宾语。]
which的用法及短语和搭配
which的用法及短语和搭配一、 which的基本用法which是英语中常用的关系代词，用于引导定语从句，通常用来表示选择或确定一个特定的事物。
1. 引导非限制性定语从句当which引导非限制性定语从句时，其前面往往有逗号隔开，“which”指代前面整个主句中的某个名词或名词短语。
例如：- The Internet, which has revolutionized the way people communicate, is widely used nowadays.（互联网已经彻底改变了人们交流的方式，现在被广泛使用。
）- My sister loves hiking in the mountains, which is both challenging and rewarding.（我姐姐喜欢在山上徒步旅行，这既具有挑战性也有回报。
）2. 引导限制性定语从句当which引导限制性定语从句时，表示对先行词进行选择或确定，并且该从句对先行词有必要进行修饰。
例如：- The book which you borrowed from the library must be returned by tomorrow.（你从图书馆借来的书必须明天归还。
）- I have a friend who speaks three languages fluently, one of which is French.（我有个朋友能说三种语言，其中之一就是法语。
）3. 引导选择疑问句当“which”作为关系代词出现在选择疑问句中时，询问的是事物的几个可选项中的哪一个。
例如：- Which shirt do you prefer, the black one or the white one?（你更喜欢哪件衬衫，黑色的还是白色的？）- Which city did you visit last summer, Beijing or Shanghai?（去年夏天你访问了哪个城市，北京还是上海？）二、 which常见短语和搭配1. of which用来表示一个整体中部分事物的特征或属性。
非限制性定语从句的引导词和结构的解读
非限制性定语从句的引导词和结构的解读非限制性定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念，用于给予补充信息或解释，并且不对先行词进行限制。
在非限制性定语从句中，我们使用特定的引导词和结构来构建句子。
本文将对非限制性定语从句的引导词和结构进行解读。
一、引导词1. which：which 是最常用的非限制性定语从句引导词，用来指代或解释先行词的内容。
其后的从句与主句之间使用逗号分隔。
例如：I have a cat, which is very cute. （我有一只猫，它非常可爱。
）2. who：who 用来指代人，并引导非限制性定语从句。
与 which 类似，who 也应该与主句之间使用逗号隔开。
例如：Tom is my best friend, who always supports me.（汤姆是我最好的朋友，他总是支持我。
）3. whom：whom 也用来指代人，但在非限制性定语从句中常用作宾语。
同样需要在主句之前使用逗号与从句隔开。
例如：Lucy is a talented singer, whom I admire a lot.（露西是一位才华横溢的歌手，我非常钦佩她。
）4. that：虽然 that 可以在限制性定语从句中使用，但在非限制性定语从句中使用较少，一般情况下我们会选择 which 或 who。
5. whose：whose 是一个特殊的引导词，用来表示所属关系。
常用于人和物的非限制性定语从句中，引导词后面跟名词。
例如：This is Jack, whose car was stolen yesterday.（这是杰克，他的车昨天被偷了。
）二、结构除了引导词，非限制性定语从句的结构也需要注意。
一般来说，非限制性定语从句需要放置在主句后面，两者之间使用逗号隔开。
例如：My sister, who is a doctor, lives in New York.（我的姐姐是一名医生，她住在纽约。
关于which的用法及解释
关于which的用法及解释which的用法在英语学习中是比较重要的一个知识点，重要就说明必须要掌握。
接下来小编在这里给大家带来which的用法，我们一起来看看吧!which的用法1、在后置的非限制性定语从句中代替上文出现的事物或情况(单数或复数)。
2、在问句中作为疑问代词，在名词从句中作为连接代词用，其含义为“哪个、哪些”。
3、如果非限制性定语从句的先行词不是指主句内容，而是指具体的人、时间、地点，则不用which。
一、关系代词that 和which 在定语从句中作主语和宾语，放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用。
指物时，一般情况下可互换。
如：Here is the pen that/which you lost yesterday.(that/which 指物作宾语) A plane is a machine that/which can fly.(that/which 指物，作主语) He is the most careful boy that I know.(that 指人,作宾语) The man that works in this room is a chemist.(that 指人,作主语)二、that,which 在从句中作主语时，不能省略。
作宾语时在口语中和非正式问题中经常省略。
如上例1 和中的that,which 都可省略。
三、关系代词在主语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。
Wheat is a plant that/which is grown in the north of China.四、在定语从句中，关系代词that 和which 指物时，一般没有区别，但下列几种情况中不能互换：只能用that 的情况：a)先行词为 all,everything,nothing,anything,little 等不定代词时(something 后也可用which)： Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town? That’s all (that) I know.b) 先行词被序数词所修饰时： The first thing (that) we shoulddo is to work out a plan.c) 先行词被形容词最高级所修饰时：This is one of the most exciting football games (that) I have ever seen. The nanjing yangtse river bridge is the longest bridge (that) they have ever seen.d) 先行词被only,very,no,any,same,little,one of 等词所修饰时：This is the only thing (that) we can do now. He gave me the same pen (that) he borrowed from me. Do you have any books that were written by Lu Xun? This is the very book (that) I want to read.e) 当先行词中既有人又有物时： The man and the car (that) you want to see are all here. 你相见的人和车都在这里。
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非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
which引导的非限制性定语从句。
关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
① which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。
如：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。
She is an artist，which I am not.
她是一位艺术家，而我不是。
Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were.
那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。
② which指代主句中的形容词。
如：She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was.
她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
She is always careless，which we should not be.
她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。
③ which指代主句中的某个从句。
如：He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.
他说以前从没见过她，这不是真的。
④ which指代整个主句。
如：In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
He may have acute appendicitis，in which case he will have to be operated on.
他可能得了急性盲肠炎，如果是这样，他就得动手术。
When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating and sleeping.
他经常聚精会神地工作，这时他会废寝忘食。