经典英语语法讲解解析
三天搞定英语语法
英语语法分为两个部分。一个部分是词法，即词的构成和词的使用规律。另一个部分是句法，即句子的组成和句子的使用方法。
英语语法的特点可以用三句话来表示：1、每个词都有词性；2、每句话都有动词(实意动词或系动词)；3、每句话都必须符合五个基本句型。
三句话用一句话来说，就是，标出句中每一个单词的词性，找出句中所有动词，并标出其种类和相应的句子成分。理解，掌握，运用好这句话，按照一：词性；二：动词种类；三：动词相对应的句子成分；四：从句；五：非谓语动词方法就能透彻理解英语语法体系。
词的分类
词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功能，可以分成十个大类。
词类词义英语名称缩写形式例词中译
noun n. student 学生
1、名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名
称。
2、代词主要用来代替名词。pronoun pron. you 你
3、形容词表示人或事物的性质或特征。adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4、数词表示数目或事物的顺序。numeral num. three 三
5、动词表示动作或状态。verb v. cut 砍、割
adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
6、副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时
间、地点、程度等。
7、冠词用在名词前,帮助说明名词。article art. a 一个
preposition prep. at 在...
8、介词表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句
子成分的关系。
9、连词用来连接词、短语或句子。conjunction conj. and 和
10、感叹词表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。interjection interj. Oh 哦
词性的分类:
修饰: 形容数冠代词名词
（red）（one）（a/the）（my）wood
1.名词
代替: 代词it 形容词the red 数词one
及物动词drink，eat 副词修饰实意动词
1.行为动词实意动词
不及物动词walk
①be 是I am fat
2.动词 2.系动词②感官smell，taste，feel，sound
③变化get become turn
3.助动词will，shall，be，do，have表否定，疑问，时态，语态，强调
（I am reading）
4.情态动词can，may，must
adj 修饰名
（形容）the man（at the table）
介词+名词
adv 修饰动
3.两靠两不靠（副）stand [at the table]
并列连词and，but，or
连词
从属连词because，when，if
注意：
词的兼类有不少单词不仅仅属于一个词类，辨别一个单词属于何种词类只能在句子当中进行，脱离了具体的语言环境是很难说明一个单词是属于何种词类的。
试看以下两个例句：
（1）He longed to be back home. 他渴望回到家中。
（2）She has long hair. 她有长长的头发。
第一个例句中的long是"渴望"，第二个例句中的long是"长"。这种情况非常常见。
又如：
right adj.对的n.权利
drink v.喝n.饮料
fine v.罚款adj.好的
fly v.飞n..苍蝇
英语语法知识结构简表
专有名词
名词可数名词
普通名词
不定冠词不可数名词
冠词
定冠词
人称代词
物主代词
代词指示代词
反身代词
不定代词
基数词
数词
序数词
比较级
形容词、副词
最高级
及物动词
实义动词
不及物动词
词法分类系动词
情态动词
助动词
动词
动词时态
语态主动语态
形式被动语态
语气不定式
非谓语动词动名词
现在分词
分词
过去分词介词
并列连接词
连接词
从属连接词
感叹词
句子成分----主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、同位语、宾语（主语）补足语
陈述句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
按用途分疑问句选择疑问句
反意疑问句
祈使句
感叹句
主语+谓语（不及物动词）
主语+谓语+宾语
简单句主语+谓语+表语
主语+谓语+双宾语
句子分类主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
并列句and, but, or
主语从句
宾语从句
名词性从句表语从句
句法同位语从句
限定性定语从句
定语(形容词性)从句
按结构分复合句非限定性定语从句
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
条件状语从句
目的状语从句
状语从句（副词性从句）原因状语从句
让步状语从句
方式状语从句
结果状语从句
比较状语从句
强调句
倒装句
特殊句型关于it句型
插入疑问句型
否定句型
动词的种类
一、什么是动词：
动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即系动词）的词，例如：
The boy runs fast.（这个男孩跑得快。）runs表示主语的行为。
He is a boy.（他是个男孩。）is与后面的表语a boy表示主语的状态。
二、动词的分类：
动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词（也称实意动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。（一）行为动词
行为动词（实意动词）是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。例如：
I live in Beijing with my mother.（我和我妈妈住在北京。）live，住
It has a round face.（它有一张圆脸。）has，有
（二）连系动词
连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，例如：
We are in Grade Two this year.（今年我们在两年级。）are，是
are 这个词的词义“是”在句子中常常不译出。
连系动词可具体分为三类：
1、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am，are，was，were，have/has been等要特别予以注意。例如：
He is a teacher.（他是个教师。）
He was a soldier two years ago.（两年前他是个士兵。）
We are Chinese.（我们是中国人。）
2、表示“感觉”的词，如look（看起来），feel（觉得，摸起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）等，例如：
She looked tired.（她看一去很疲劳。）
I feel ill.（我觉得不舒服。）
Cotton feels soft.（棉花摸起来很软。）
The story sounds interesting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。）
The flowers smell sweet.（这些花闻起来很香。）
The mixture tasted horrible.（这药水太难喝了。）
3、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词，如become, get, grow, turn, 都解释为“变”、“变得”，例如：
She became a college student.（她成了一名大学生。）
He feels sick. His face turns white.（他感到不舒服，他的脸色变苍白了。）
The weather gets warmer and the days get longer when spring comes.（春天来了，天气变得暖和些了，白天也变得较长些了。）
He grew old.（他老了。）
[难点解释]
注意区别以下一些动词的用法，它们既可以作为行为动词，又可以作为连系动词。
1、look看；看起来
He is looking at the picture.（他正在看这图片。）行为动词
It looks beautiful.（它看上去很美丽。）连系动词
2、feel摸；感觉
1）I felt someone touch my arm.（我感到有人碰我的手臂。）行为动词
Are you feeling better today than before?（你今天比以前感到好些了吗？）连系动词
3、smell嗅；闻起来
My little brother likes to smell the apple before he eats it.（我的小弟弟喜欢在吃苹果前闻一闻。）行为动词
Great! The flowers smell nice.（这些花闻起来多香啊！）连系动词
4、sound弄响，发音；听起来
The letter “h” in hour is not sounded.（在hour这个词中字母h是不发音的。）行为动词
The gun sounded much closer.（枪声听起来更近了。）连系动词
5、taste辨味；尝起来
Please taste the soup.（请尝一口汤。）行为动词
The soup tastes terrible.（这汤尝起来味道太差了。）连系动词
6、get得到，获得；变
There are some bananas on the table. Each of you can get one.桌上有些香蕉，你们每个人可以拿一个。行为动词
7、grow生长，种植；变
Do you grow rice in your country?（你们的国家种水稻吗？）行为动词
It’s too late. It’s growing dark.（太迟了，天渐渐变暗了。）连系动词
8、turn转动，翻动，使变得；变
The earth turns around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。）行为动词
When spring comes, the trees turn green and the flowers come out.（春天来了，树叶变经绿了，花儿开了。）连系动词上述句子中的动词如grow、get、turn等，既可以作连系动词，又可以作行为动词。如何来辨别它们呢？有一个最简便的方法，即用连系动词be替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立就是连系动词；反之，不能替换的，就是行为动词。例如：
The trees turn/are green when spring comes.（春天来临，树叶变绿。）
The earth turns around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。）
这第二句句子中的turn是行为动词，意为“转动”。无法以is替换。
（三）助动词
这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：
He does not speak English well.（他英语讲得不好。）
句中的does是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与not一起构成否定形式。
A dog is running after a cat.（一条狗正在追逐一只猫。）
句中的is 是助动词，和run的现在分词一起构成现在进行时。
Did he have any milk and bread for his breakfast? （他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗？）
句中的did是助动词，既表示一般过去时，又和动词have一起构成疑问。
（四）情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思，例如：
I can dance.（我会跳舞。）can, 能, 会
He can’t walk because he is a baby.（因为他是个婴儿，不会走路。）can’t, 不必
May I come in？（我可以进来吗？）may, 可以
三、及物动词与不及物动词
行为动词（即实义动词）按其是否需要宾语，可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。
（一）、及物动词
后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整，例如：Give me some ink, please.（请给我一些墨水。）
If you have any questions, you can raise your hands.（如果你们有问题，你们可以举手，。）
（二）、不及物动词
后面不能跟宾语，意思已完整。不及物动词有时可以加上副词或介词，构成短语动词，相当于一个及物动词。例如：He works hard.（他工作努力。）
Jack runs faster than Mike.（杰克跑步比迈克要快些。）
Please look at the blackboard and listen to me.（请看黑板，听我说。）
He got an “A” this time because he went over his lessons carefully.（这次他得了个“A”，因为他仔细地复习了功课。）[难点解释]
1、许多动词可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，他阅读中必须仔细体会和区别，例如：
Who is going to speak at the meeting?（谁打算在会上发言？）speak, 不及物动词
Few people outside China speak Chinese.（在中国外很少人讲汉语。）speak,及物动词
2、要特别注意有些动词英汉之间的差异。某些词在英语中是不及物的，而在汉语中却是及物的。有时则相反。例如：He is waiting for you.（他在等你。）英语wait为不及物动词，汉语“等”为及物动词。
Serve the people.（为人民服务。）英语serve为及物动词，汉语“服务”为不及物动词。
简单句的五种基本句型
1.主语+谓语动词S+V 此句型的特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如: He laughed. John has read widely. He lives in London.
2. 主语+谓语动词+宾语S+V+O 此句型的特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语。如: Our team beat all the others.
3. 主语+系动词+表语S+V+P 此句型的特点是:谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词有:be(是),become(成为),get(变得),turn(变得),grow(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),seem(似乎),keep(保持),stay(保持)等。如: The rose smells sweet.
4.主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+INO+DO 此句型的特点是:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常需要加介词for 或to。可跟双宾语answer,bring,buy,find,get,give,lend,make,pass,pay,send,show,sing,take,teach,tell,write等。如: Mr. Li told us an interesting story. Would you please give this dictionary to Li Hua?
5. 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语S+V+O+OC此句型的特点是:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。如: We must keep our school clean. They made him their monitor.
【注】S=Subject(主语); V=Verb(谓语动词); P=Predicative(表语); O=Object(宾语); INO=Indirect Object(间接宾语); DO=Direct Object(直接宾语); OC=Object Complement(宾语补足语)
英语词类与句子成分关系图：
句子成分词类或短语主语* 谓语宾语* 表语* 定语* 状语* 宾语补足语
名词√√√×√√√√√√×√代词√√√×√√√√√√√××形容词×××√√√√√√×√√数词√×√√√√√×√
主语（subject ）: 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It 形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
谓语（predicate ）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep.
宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） How many do you need? We need two. （数词） We should help the old and the poor. (形容词) I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me （间宾） a book （直宾）yesterday. Give the poor man （间宾） some money （直宾）.
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Miss Yang is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）
We belong to the third world. （数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词） The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词） The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词） I have an idea to do it well. （不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）
状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步和伴随。 （以下例句按上述顺序排列）
I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room. The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well. He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.
动 词 时态语态形式 × √√√ × × × × × 动词不定式 √√ × √√ √ √ √√ √√√ 动名词 √√ × √√√ √
√ × × 动词现在分词 × × × √ √ √√ √√√ 动词过去分词
× × × √ √ √√ √√ 副词
× × × √ √ √√√ √
介词短语
×
×
×
√√
√
√√
√
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.
Though he is young, he can do it well. The teacher came in, with a book in his hand.
宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。宾语与宾补的关系=主语与系语的关系
We elected him monitor. He is（名词）We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here.（名）
It is
We will make them happy.They are （形容词） We found nobody in. is ( 副词)
Please make yourself at home. You are 介词短语）Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）逻辑上主谓关系His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）
Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）逻辑上的宾关系
He was elected monitor.宾补逻辑上主谓关系She was found singing in the next room.
宾谓宾谓宾补
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
宾谓宾补
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词）Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）
Five and five is ten. （数词）He is asleep. （形容词）
His father is in. （副词）The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）
To wear a flower is to say I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
（常见的连系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）,
taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）...等等)
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
1、主谓不及物
1、实义→行为
2、主谓宾
主谓宾2、行为发出者→主语3、主谓宾宾补
3、行为的对象→宾语
4、主谓间宾直宾→间人直物1、to do
2、代
1、系动词无实义1、名词←→主〓表3、数
↓4、名
主系表2、连系主语和表语5、名词性句
↓6、动词—ing 动名词
3、表语对主语起注明的作用1、形
2、形容词（主表）2、介词短语
3、动词—ing 形容词性
3、副词
4、副
种类连接词（即从属连词）注意点
时间状语when, whenever, while, as,
before, after, until, till, by
the time, as soon as,
hardly…when, no
sooner…than, the moment,
the minute, immediately,
directly, instantly
主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；while引导的从句中动词
一般是延续性的；until用在肯定句中主句动词是延续性的，而否定句
中主句动词为短暂性的。
I was doing my homework when he came in.
地点
状语
where, wherever Wherever you go, you must be kind to others.
原因状语because, as, since, now that
because语气最强，since较弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as次之。
I like English because it's very useful.
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
条件状语if, unless, once, in case, as
long as, on condition that
从句中动词时态不可用将来时，常用一般时代替，即所谓主将从现
I'll go to the park if it is fine tomorrow.
Unless bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day.
目的状语so that, in order that, for
fear that
so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情态动词
She came back to my home so that she could borrow my bike yesterday.
结果
状语
so…that, such…that It's so cold outside that nobody wants to go out.
比较状语th an, as…as, not so/as…as,
the more…the more
He doesn't run as fast as Bill.
John is taller than his brother.
方式状语as if, as though, as
as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。
He spoke as if he knew everything.
让步状语though, although, even if, even though, as,
no matter what, whatever, no matter who,
whoever, no matter which, whichever, no
matter how, however, no matter when,
whenever
as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though
用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用
Though they are poor, they are very happy.
Poor as they are , they are very happy.
I won't mind even if he doesn't come here.
引导词（即从属连词）引导词的作用举例
that 本身无意义，只起
连接作用，口语中
可省略
He said (that) the fastest way to travel was by plane.
If/whether 意为“是否”，不做
句子成分，但不能
省略Let's see if /whether we can find out some information about that city.
What, which, who, whose, whom等连接代词在从句中做一定的
成分，如主语、宾
语、定语等
Please tell me whom we have to see.
The teacher told us whose writing was the best in our class.
When （指时间），where （指地点），why（表原因），how（表方式）等连接副词在从句中做状语Do you know where we can stay on the island?
He asked me when I was going to write a letter to Jim.
（三）【定语从句】
关系词（即从属连词）作用先行
词
例句
That, who, whom(只做宾语）主语
宾语
表语
人Do you know the girl who/that is wearing a red coat?
I don't know the girl that /whom you are waiting for.
That，which 主语
宾语
表语物
时间
地点
原因
She can't find the pen that /which I lent to her.
The school that /which we visited is very beautiful.
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together?
whose 定语人The boy whose mother is a teacher studies very hard. whose 定语物He house whose window is open is mine.
when 状语时间I still remember the day when you come here. where 状语地点This is the factory where my father works.
why 状语原因Do you know the reason why he was late?
总结：英语学习的三个阶段
英语学习对于大多数学生来说，不是乐趣，而是烦恼。烦恼的根源在于学习不得法，没有能够把握英语学习的规律。王国维先生谈为学，有三境界之说：一境“昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路”，二境“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”，至于最后一境“众里寻她千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处”，三种境界犹如进门、登堂、入室。我个人以为，英语学习不妨分为三个阶段。
第一阶段，进门。进门的关键是多与英语文字接触，多培养对文字的感觉，有了量的积累才能厚积薄发。接触的方式可以多种多样，可以听写，可以朗读，可以背诵，甚至可以抄写。但一定要选适合自己水平的，自己感兴趣的文字，然后坚持不懈认真读听写，英语水平定能提高。
第二阶段，登堂。登堂的关键是在与英语文字的多接触的基础之上，研究英语文字的组词造句的规律，以吃透语法。英语语法如果用一个词来概括就是动词。可以说，英语语法就是围绕动词的。把动词的种类先理清楚，然后主谓宾，主系表句型的概念就清楚了，然后是从句和非谓语动词。英语语法就全部理解通了。
第三阶段：入室。对于英语文字有了很多接触，语法理解透了，再进行相应的专题训练。毕竟，学的再好，还要看考试成绩。考试有考试的规律，都有一个从懂到会，由会到熟的过程。不断的用各类英语试卷真题和模拟卷进行练习，然后再认真进行错题总结，反复朗读，复习错题，保证以后考试中会做的不错就是上上了。
研究生考试考察的是不同阶段的学生对文本的提取与分析能力、逻辑思维以及学生能否辩证地、批判性地看待问题。学生只有通过要多读书，多训练，多思考，训练自己的思维，最终才能取得达到学习目标，以后工作生活中再遇到新问题，也能得心应手地解决。
英语语法习题及解析
高考英语语法练习题精选 1. --Hello, this is . A. How are you? B. Will you come tonight? C. Can I take a mesage? D. Is that Mike? 2. Tom suggested that we __________such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it _________of great importance. A. not hold ; should be B. didn't hold ; be C. hold ; was D. not hold ; was 3. You should take the medicine after you read the __________. A. lines B. instructions C. words D. suggestions 4. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I__________ the living-room all day. A. painted B. have been painting C. had painted D. have painted 5. I'm sorry. I _____________ you__________ to me. A. don't know; are speaking B. don't know ;were speaking C. didn't know; were speaking D. didn't know; are speaking 6. "Please __________why you're so late," said his girlfriend. A. excuse B. explain C. apologize D. tell 7. The rescue team made every __________ to find the missing mountain climber.
经典英语语法讲解解析
三天搞定英语语法 英语语法分为两个部分。一个部分是词法，即词的构成和词的使用规律。另一个部分是句法，即句子的组成和句子的使用方法。 英语语法的特点可以用三句话来表示：1、每个词都有词性；2、每句话都有动词(实意动词或系动词)；3、每句话都必须符合五个基本句型。 三句话用一句话来说，就是，标出句中每一个单词的词性，找出句中所有动词，并标出其种类和相应的句子成分。理解，掌握，运用好这句话，按照一：词性；二：动词种类；三：动词相对应的句子成分；四：从句；五：非谓语动词方法就能透彻理解英语语法体系。 词的分类 词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功能，可以分成十个大类。 词类词义英语名称缩写形式例词中译 noun n. student 学生 1、名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名 称。 2、代词主要用来代替名词。pronoun pron. you 你 3、形容词表示人或事物的性质或特征。adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4、数词表示数目或事物的顺序。numeral num. three 三 5、动词表示动作或状态。verb v. cut 砍、割 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 6、副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时 间、地点、程度等。 7、冠词用在名词前,帮助说明名词。article art. a 一个 preposition prep. at 在... 8、介词表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句 子成分的关系。 9、连词用来连接词、短语或句子。conjunction conj. and 和 10、感叹词表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。interjection interj. Oh 哦 词性的分类: 修饰: 形容数冠代词名词 （red）（one）（a/the）（my）wood 1.名词 代替: 代词it 形容词the red 数词one
大学英语语法结构分析
大学英语第三册语法结构分析 (译部分) 1.发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the president would not 主谓语 Cancel (the trip) under any circumstances. 介状 2. 我们相信他所说的，因为他受过良好的教育，出身于受人尊敬的家庭，更重 要的是他为人可靠。 We believ e what he has said , because he is well-educated , comes 主谓主 from a respectable familly and what’s more , he is reliable. 3. 随后后发生的那些事件证明了我的猜疑是对的。 The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 谓 4. 在赛后举行的记者招待会上，这位足教练因该队表现不佳而向球迷们致歉。 At the press conference held after the game , the football coach apologized to the fans for his team’s poor performance. 5. 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长竟然是一个贪官。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty tur ned out to be a corrupt official. 谓语 6. 有少数人得到了提升，在这同时却有数万个人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted , but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7. 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家。 Given the chance , John might have become an outstanding painter.
高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案
Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.countries 【答案】countryother修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故是可数名词，此处由【解析】考查名词。countries. 填67. more 【答案】than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级考查比较级。根据句中的【解析】more. 表示更多的人，故填68. Luckily 【答案】“”Luckily. ，故填【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指幸运的是69. has changed 【答案】over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语has changed. 语是单数，故填70. spoken 【答案】Englishspeak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填和动词【解析】考查过去分词。． spoken. 71. from 【答案】be different from“…”from. ，是固定短语。故填和【解析】考查固定短语。不同72. especially 【答案】especial“”especially“”。特殊的，特别的是副词是形容词；尤其，特别【解析】考查副词。“”especially. ，故填尤其，特别此处指新的定居者丰富了英语，尤其是它的词汇。表示73. when 【答案】“…”，从句时态是过去时，故填当【解析】考查连词。此处引导时间状语从句，表示时候when. 74. or 【答案】or. 【解析】考查连词。此处表示选择，指作为第一语言或第二语言被说，故填 75. largest 【答案】【解析】考查形容词最高级。因为中国人口最多所以说英语的人也最多，此处由the修饰用 I had just visited my best friend in hospital with my mum,___41___hadn't seen my friend since she'd gone into hospital six months earlier. I knew where she was coming from as she was___42___(grave)ill, but as I'd been visiting her every week I had stopped seeing the obvious; my friend___43___(lose)most of her body weight
【英语】 英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析
【英语】英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析 一、语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night's sleep. ________ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers. Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that "There's plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat." "A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn't. It helps people sleep well especially as it's taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they come in from the snow." Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like "having a giant hot water bottle in your bed". The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month. 【答案】 Dressed；before；director；explained；when；of；a；longer；his；at 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系，故填Dressed。 （2）考查状语从句。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意，客人睡觉之前需要暖床，故填before。 （3）考查名词。句意：爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说，这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。空格前是一个人名，两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语，所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。 （4）考查时态。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知，这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。 （5）考查定语从句。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意，这是一个定语从句，先行词为the beginning of the night，并且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故填关系词when。 （6）考查介词。句意：人体温度之所以会下降，部分原因在于，（这时）人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张，散发了热量。空前前后都是名词，所以空格处应填介词，the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系，故填of。 （7）考查冠词。句意：温暖的床（温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间）有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后，空格后为一个可数单数名词短语，所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。
大学英语语法直播课第二讲
简单句 谓语动词的变化-时态 So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. （CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) The marketers are also seeing big opportunities. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。(CET 4, 2014.12,Translation) The bamboo-eating animals are facing a lot of threats. … the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come… (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) But the Internet ’ s tremendous impact has only ju st begun. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) The royal environmentalist has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. （CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) 谓语动词的变化-情态- 3 - …we can reduce urbanization ’s impact on the environment. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 谓语动词的变化-语态 They are only limited by their curiosity and ambition. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Silicon Valley executives are being shamed into adding women to their boards. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) 谓语动词的变化-否定 Governments don ’ t need informers any more. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) Sports cannot explain these similarities in performance. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section B) 谓语动词的变化-综合 The urbanization wave can ’ t be stopped … (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典。(CET 6, 2014.06,Translation) The words tuhao and dama may be included in the new edition of Oxford English Dictionary. 主语宾语表语的变化 名词作主语 Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section A) That change is the rapid acceleration of urbanization. (CET 6, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 1) doing作主语 Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age. (CET 4, 2014.12, Reading Comprehension, Section C, Passage 2) to do作主语
初中英语语法知识—并列连词的经典测试题及解析(5)
一、选择题 1．My grandfather is 85 years old. he's in excellent condition. A．Or B．And C．As D．So 2．Tony is English ________ he is thirteen years old. A．but B．and C．or D．so 3．—Alice didn't go to the party ______her illness. —I'm sorry to hear that. A．because B．but C．so D．because of 4．-- I bought Granny a present, ＿＿＿ she didn't like it. A．but B．and C．or D．so 5．Plan ahead for everything, _______ you will have a hurry life. A．and B．or C．for D．but 6．My brother will get up early tomorrow morning ___________ he must go to bed now. A．and B．but C．so D．or 7．I live far away from my school, ________ I have to get up early every day. A．and B．but C．so D．or 8．— Would you like some cakes? — No, thanks. They smell delicious I’m not hungry. A．and B．so C．but D．or 9．Lucy is my classmate,_______ she is twelve too. A．because B．but C．so D．and 10．I know her, ____________I forget（忘了）her name. A．so B．and C．but 11．He speaks English French. He speaks Chinese. A．either; or B．not only; but also C．both; and D．neither; nor 12．The UK is a small__________beautiful country. A．and B．but C．so 13．—What happened just now? —A car hit an old man at the crossing. He was hurt, not too bad. A．and B．or C．so D．but 14．His schoolbag _____ his baseball are on the sofa,____ his clock is not. A．and ,and B．but, but C．and ,but D．but, and 15．—Let’s talk about the result of the survey. —________ many students like to watch sports shows, ________ game shows are the most popular. A．Although; but B．Although; / C．But; although D．But; /
高一英语语法填空简单(附答案)资料讲解
高一英语语法填空简单(附答案)
语法填空 A I was always told that the three “P”s, patience, positive thinking and perseverance (毅力), were a sure path ___26___ success. But this advice does not always work as planned. My high school maths exam is one example. The exam, ___27___ was originally to be held in our classroom, ___28___(change) to the library at the last minute. This, ___29___, didn’t bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject. I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax ___30___. But my mood quickly changed when I saw ___31___first question. I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive and persevered ___32___ I finally found the solution. With the problem ___33___ (solve), I felt proud of my achievement. ___34___ (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left ___35___ (complete) the rest! B The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, consisting of millions of pages of data. In 1969, DARPA, 66____ ___ US defence organization, developed a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other through the telephone. They created a network of computers and only the US army could use 67___ ____ in the following 15 years. Then in 1984, the US National Science Foundation started the NSF network, also known 68____ ___the Inter-network or ”Internet”. It then became possible for universities to use the sy stem as well. The World Wide Web, 69____ ___ (invent) in 1991 by an English scientist, Tim Berners-Lee, is a computer network that makes the information from millions of websites accessible to computer users. At the moment, about 80 % of web traffic is 70____ ___English, but by 2020, Chinese could take the lead. Obviously, it was Berners-Lee 71____ ___made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just the universities and the army. He designed the first “web browser”, 72____ ___allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. With the web and the Internet 73____ ___ (grow), the number of Internet users rose 74____ ___ (rapid) from 600,000 to 40 million within 5 years. So far, the Internet 75____ ___ (create) thousands of millionaires all over the world, but Berners-Lee is not one of them. C Christopher Reeve was born in September, 1952. He was in his first school play ___51___ he was eight and he started to act in TV shows and films while he was still in college. He made many ____52____ (success) films and TV shows but he is most famous ____53___ his Superman films.
语法大纲
《英语语法》教学大纲 一、课程性质、地位与任务： 语法是语言的组织规则和结构形式，是结合语音文字系统和语义系统的枢纽。它是社会实际语言现象的科学概括。本专业的语法课程要帮助学生系统了解实用英语的语法规则和结构形式，以便能准确掌握英语语言，并用以指导英语语言实践，提高对语言的分析理解能力，有效提高英语实际应用能力。 二、课程的基本要求： 语法课程要传授知识,同时也要服务于培养语言素质和应用能力这个总目标。学习研究语法要着眼语言的社会实践运用，理论联系实际；了解当前语法也要适当了解语言的发展变化；精讲配合多练，从而让学生打好语言基础，提高语言素质。 三、本课程与其他课程的联系： 它是基础阅读课（精读、泛读）的基础，使学生通过大量的联系掌握语法基础，为听说读写提供基本的保障。该课程可使学生更加轻松的学习英语专业的学生在一、二年级精读、泛读课中所学过的语言材料。提升学生的学习兴趣。打下牢固的语言基础。 四、教学内容、基本要求及学时安排： 教学内容：本课程计划学时数为32学时，以赵萍主编的《新编高职高专英语语法教程》为教材。在语法内容结构上，循序渐进，从词素到单词，从单词到句子，从句子到语篇再到语段，环环相扣，从而使学生能够一面把握细节，一面掌握整个的英语语法体系。 课程内容和学时安排 授课次序授课内容学时数1导论、各个词类（名词、冠词、代词、数词、 8 动词、助动词、动名词、形容词、副词、连词 及其介词） 2 动词时态 2 3 被动语态 2
4 虚拟语气 2 5 非限定动词（不定式、-ING分词、-ED分词） 2 6 句子类型和直接、间接引语 2 7 名词性从句和定语从句 4 8 状语从句和it的用法 2 9 主谓一致 2 10 替代、省略、前置与倒装 2 11 复习及练习 4 教学要求： 第一讲导论、各个词类 1．教学目标：导论：让学生了解语法课程的性质、作用和学习方法 掌握名词、限定词、代词、助动词的定义及它们在句子中的功能和用法。形 容词的分类及用法、副词的分类及用法、介词的分类及用法 2．教学内容：导论：语法课程的性质、作用和学习方法 名词的类别、限定词的搭配、代词与其先行项的一致、情态助动词的意义。 形容词、副词、介词的类型，形容词作修饰语和补语，副词做修饰语和状语， 介词与其他词类的搭配 第二讲动词时态 1．教学目标：掌握英语中各个时态的用法和部分时态的异同 2．教学内容：动词的分类、一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行体、完成体、完成进行体 和将来时间表示法 第三讲被动语态 1．教学目标：掌握被动态的结构模式、被动态的英汉互译及其使用场合 2．教学内容：几种不同类型动词的被动模式，英汉被动意义表示法和使用被动态的制约因 素 第四讲虚拟语气 1．教学目标：掌握虚拟语气的用法 2．教学内容：虚拟语气的结构模式和在不同场合下的使用 第五讲非限定动词（不定式、-ING分词、-ED分词） 1．教学目标：掌握不定式、-ING分词、-ED分词的用法 2．教学内容：不定式的结构形式、不定式搭配和ING分词的搭配、ED分词作修饰语 第六讲句子类型和直接、间接引语 1．教学目标：掌握句子的类型，直接引语和间接引语的互换 2．教学内容：句子的的基本形式及其变体，各类句子的间接引语
初中英语语法知识—名词的经典测试题含答案(3)
一、选择题 1．Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles. A．tomato and egg B．tomato and eggs C．tomatoes and eggs D．tomatoes and egg 2．________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A．The number of; lost B．The number of; losing C．A number of; lose D．A number of; loss 3．I’m hungry. I want some _________. A．water B．bread C．toys D．homework 4．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 5．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 6．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing? --- It’s less than three ___________ flight. A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’s C．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’ 7．There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A．sports; shoe B．sports; shoes C．sport; shoe D．sport; shoes 8．—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey. —Thank you. A．mind travelling B．minds travelling C．mind to travel D．minds to travel 9．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 10．Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake. A．Germen; Japanese B．Frenchmen; Japaneses C．Germans; Japanese 11．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 13．Good food and_______help her_______better. A．exercise; study B．exercise; studies
(英语)高中英语语法填空技巧小结及练习题含解析
（英语）高中英语语法填空技巧小结及练习题含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the development of modem technology, people can stay ________ (connect) with their families and friends easily, however far apart they are from each other. WeChat is one of the most ________ (frequent) used means of communication in China. It is reported that the number of the WeChat users ________ (reach) over 1.1billion so far. Once joining the WeChat, people can find more and more people start to add them ________ friends. They don't have to consider time ________ (zone) when communicating. Another reason why ifs so popular is that it costs nothing. It's also very convenient for people to immediately update ________ they are doing by WeChat. However, addiction to WeChat will rob people of the time that should otherwise ________ (spend) on something more important. And the many so-called friends on it are not really friends at all, who simply want ________ (put) ads or sell items on Moments. Besides, people on the Wechat are more likely to compare ________ (they) with others, which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be ________ (success). 【答案】connected；frequently；has reached；as；zones；what；be spent；to put；themselves；(more) successful 【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了微信给人们带来方便的同时，也存在着一些弊端。 （1）句意：随着现代技术的发展，人们可以很容易地与家人和朋友保持联系，不管他们相距多远。系动词stay后，用形容词connected“有联系的”，stay connected with“与……保持联系”。故填connected。 （2）句意：微信是中国最常用的交流方式之一。修饰形容词used，用副词。故填frequently。 （3）句意：据报道，到目前为止，微信的用户数量已经超过11亿。so far做时间状语时，应使用现在完成时，the number of做主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has reached。 （4）句意：一旦加入微信，人们可以发现越来越多的人开始添加他们作为朋友。根据句意，此处使用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。 （5）句意：他们在交流时不需要考虑时区。“时区”是复数意义，前面没有冠词，应用名词复数形式。故填zones。 （6）句意：人们可以很方便地通过微信立即更新他们正在做的事情。____6____ they are doing by WeChat是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中做doing宾语，表“正在做的事情”，应使用what引导。故填what。 （7）句意：然而，沉迷于微信将会剥夺人们原本应该花在更重要事情上的时间。“时间”和“花费”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，由空前should可知，此处be动词使用原形。故填be spent。 （8）句意：而许多所谓的朋友根本不是真正的朋友，他们只是想在朋友圈里放广告或卖
【英语】高二英语语法填空模拟试题含解析
【英语】高二英语语法填空模拟试题含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports. 【答案】the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。（1）考查冠词。句意：自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。 （2）考查时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代词。句意：它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。 （4）考查形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。（6）考查名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health 是主语的一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。 （7）考查副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。 （8）考查介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的宾语，故此处填which。故填which。