最新中考冲刺题
九年级冲刺中考试卷语文

1. 下列词语中,字形、字音完全正确的一项是()A. 沉默寡言(shén mò guǎ yán)B. 耳濡目染(ěr rú mù rǎn)C. 蹑手蹑脚(niè shǒu niè jiǎo)D. 碌碌无为(lù lù wú wéi)2. 下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A. 他的成绩一直名列前茅,是班级里的佼佼者。
B. 通过这次实践活动,我们不仅学到了知识,而且锻炼了能力。
C. 她在比赛中取得了第一名,心情非常高兴。
D. 由于天气原因,我们取消了今天的户外活动。
3. 下列各句中,加点词解释错误的一项是()A. “瞻前顾后”中的“瞻”是“看”的意思。
B. “唇亡齿寒”中的“唇”是“嘴唇”的意思。
C. “风和日丽”中的“和”是“平和”的意思。
D. “水滴石穿”中的“穿”是“穿透”的意思。
4. 下列各句中,成语使用不恰当的一项是()A. 他工作认真负责,是单位里的楷模。
B. 她对待朋友真诚友善,赢得了大家的信任。
C. 这部电影讲述了一个感人至深的故事,让人久久不能忘怀。
D. 他做事总是拖拖拉拉,让人无法忍受。
5. 下列各句中,标点符号使用不正确的一项是()A. “这本书很好看,尤其是其中的插图,让我爱不释手。
”B. “你有没有发现,最近天气变化无常?”C. “我听说他要去北京,你有没有什么好建议?”D. “这个问题很重要,我希望你能认真思考一下。
”阅读下面的文章,回答问题。
人生的意义人生的意义是什么?这是一个古老而永恒的问题。
不同的人对这个问题有不同的答案。
有人认为人生的意义在于追求物质财富,有人认为人生的意义在于追求精神境界,还有人认为人生的意义在于追求幸福。
在我看来,人生的意义在于不断追求自我完善。
自我完善是一个人不断成长、不断进步的过程。
在这个过程中,我们会遇到各种困难和挑战,但正是这些困难和挑战让我们更加坚强、更加成熟。
2025年湖南长沙青竹湖湘一外国语校中考冲刺(2)英语试题试卷含答案

2025年湖南长沙青竹湖湘一外国语校中考冲刺(2)英语试题试卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、–– He looks ________. What has happened to him?–– He thought he could get good grades in the test, but failed.A.upset B.happy C.excited2、Singing is a form of expression that can be understood by everyone. Also, some songs can cheer people up when they_______ in trouble.A.will be B.aren’t C.are3、Life is ________ /fʊl/ of happiness and pain. You never know what will happen next.A.fall B.fill C.feel D.full4、My brother moved to Korea with his family last year. I haven’t heard from him until now, which makes me worried about him.A.had contact with B.had a chat withC.telephoned D.received letters from5、I __________ to Canada twice. It’s so beautiful.A.won’t go B.have goneC.don’t go D.have been6、---Has Jim known the good news?--Not yet. I will tell him about it ________ he comes back.A.while B.until C.as soon as D.since7、— What did you see in the crime scene?— On a table pushed __________ a wall there were bottles of beer and wine.A.above B.across C.against D.around8、—Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?—Well, I don’t knowA.that I can finish my work by thenB.if can I finish the work by thenC.whether I can finish the work by then9、—Can I join you? —Sure , we are discussing ______.A.why we like the movie B.who should we go withC.how can we get there D.when shall we go for a picnic10、Most of us check our smart phones 47 times on an average(平均)day, and ______ double between the ages of 18 and 24.A.hardly B.nearly C.mostly D.widelyⅡ. 完形填空11、There was a time when Whitney didn't have a lot of friends. She was a bit shy and didn’t 1 much. She never really wanted to be popular, 2 she did want to have someone to share secrets and laughs with. All through high school, though, she didn't find a lot of 3 .When it came time to go to college, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to room with someone she didn't 4 and live in a town 300 miles away from home. There wouldn't be any person she knew in town. She had no idea 5 she was going to make friends in this new environment.The first week of classes, 6 happened and it changed Whitney's life forever. In her English Composition class, every student was 7 to share a little about herself. Whitney told everyone where she called home and all of 8 things that students share in such situations.The final question for each student was always the 9 :“What is your goal for this class?”Now, most of the students said it was to get a good grade, pass the exam or something 10 that, but for some reasons, Whitney said something very different. She said that her goal was to make just one good 11 .While 12 of the students sat quietly, one student came to Whitney and held out her hand and introduced herself. The girl asked 13 she would be her friend. The whole room was silent--all eyes looked at Whitney and the hand extended (延伸的)just in front of her. She smiled and reached her hand out to take the girl’s hand and a friendship was formed. It was a friendship that 14 all through college and many years after that. It was a friendship that brought two people together. Whitney learned the power of asking for what she wanted, being 15 and taking actions.1.A.speak B.tell C.say D.talk2.A.but B.and C.so D.because3.A.friendship B.knowledge C.money D.happiness4.A.like B.want C.know D.tell5.A.how B.why C.when D.where6.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something7.A.asked B.taught C.warned D.ordered8.A.the other B.any other C.others D.the others9.A.different B.similar C.same D.difficult10.A.as B.with C.together D.like11.A.classmate B.friend C.sister D.brother12.A.most B.all C.every D.each13.A.when B.how C.why D.if14.A.lasted B.made C.broke D.had15.A.happy B.kind C.honest D.strongⅢ. 语法填空12、Millie :Have you heard about the pop star Nancy? It's said that she has got cancer.Sandy:I 1.(hear) about it last week. It's very sad because she 2.(be) so kind.Millie: I heard that Nancy once donated ~100,000 to people who 3.(suffer) great loss in the earthquake in Wenchuan. Sandy: Yes. She is a generous girl.Millie: Now Nancy 4.(receive) medical treatment in Belling. An operation5.(do) on her yesterday and it was a success.Sandy . That's great. I really hope Nancy 6.(get) well again soon.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、One morning Fan Xing discovered that her classroom had changed. The 13-year-old saw that the desks were no longer in rows(排), but pushed together to make six bigger desks.The new arrangement(排列) was part of a reform(改革) at Fan's school, Changsha Daotian Middle School in Hunan. About five weeks ago, more than 2,000 junior students at the school began studying in this way, with six to eight students sitting in groups."This reform is designed to provide students with easier ways to study and more chances for discussion,"said Liu Xu,na school head teacher. "Our school hopes it can improve students' abilities(能力) for self-study as well as teamwork."The new arrangement took some time for students to get used to."I was too curious(好奇) about it for the first two days," said Fan. But soon she and her classmates got used to it." Now our class is quieter because we can stop loud students with some simple gestures(手势),"said Fan. "What's more,we can express our own ideas and learn others' through discussion. It's a better way to study."Feng Yu likes this new classroom arrangement very much and has made some progress studying. The 14-year-old said, "Group members first discuss,and then explain the solutions or answers to difficult questions in front of the whole class.""The discussion gives us more confidence to make speeches,"said Feng."We can also improve our friendships."The reform has asked for more from teachers.They have no more than 15 minutes to teach in class."It is a big challenge to teach in such short time the lessons which should be taught in 45 minutes,"English teacher Wang Jing said."We have to improve methods to teach better. We must prepare some interesting topics and exercises before class so that students can discuss them."Wang said that some students always talk. The teachers have to move continuously in the classroom to keep them quiet and get them to concentrate on class."It demands more, but I believe it will pay off,"Wang added.1.From the first paragraph of the passage, we know________.A.Fan Xing was a 13-year-old studentB.Fan Xing's classroom was changed in rowsC.Fan Xing's desk was no longer in her classroom2.The purpose of the new classroom arrangement is to________.A.make the students feel fresh and interestedB.provide students with more chances for teamworkC.divide big classes into small classes3.How did the new classroom arrangement help the students' study according to the passage?A.By stopping loud students using simple gestures.B.By giving students more chances to work in groups.C.By making students explain difficult questions after school.4.What is the big challenge for the teachers in classroom teaching in the reform?A.The teachers have to improve their studying methods.B.The teachers must prepare more interesting topics for exercises.C.The teachers are only given 15 minutes to teach in one period(节) of the class.5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.The students in Changsha Daotian Middle School are sitting in groups when having classes.B.The reform in the school is aimed at improving the students' abilities for self-study.C.Studying in groups gives the students more confidence to concentrate on class.B14、Students in western Ohio(俄亥俄州) have to say “bye-bye” to snow days. Snow may fall, but students won’t be able to spend the days sledding(滑雪橇). Classes will continue online. Officials say that holding electronic workdays(e-days) will help students keep up with their studies. It will also prevent requiring students to make up schooldays later in June.Which would you prefer: spending a cold day on a computer, or sitting in school in June when you should be on vacation? Jordan Dewar, a student reporter, holds the opinion that having online work on a snow day is the better choice. “You would be working on a day that you already planned on having schoolwork.”“Havi ng extra days of school in summer can interfere with(妨碍) families’ vacation plans. Besides, what if your school does not have air-conditioning? Imagine sweating through seven hours at school on a hot June day when you could have been relaxing by a pool wit h your family. Doesn’t an e-day sound better than that?” Jordan Dewar said.For some students, it would be easier to concentrate(专注) on e-days than on makeup days. “You can do a little workonline, go play, and then come back later,” says Rachel Meyers, 12. “But on June days you would just have to sit there for seven hours, thinking about how you could be outside, so you lose focus.”There are some students arguing that it’s not fair to ditch snow days, however. They say that snow days give them a much-needed break. They also note that missing a day here and there is not enough to put them behind. Most students in Silver Valley School think one problem of e-days is that sometimes siblings(兄弟姐妹们) have to share computers at home. In addition, it punishes the students who don’t have computers at home. When school starts again after e-days, these students will be left behind and have to work double-time to catch up with others.“School budget cuts(预算削减) across the country are expected to continue into the 2017-2018 school year.” the American Association of School Administrators(AASA) Web site states. “The school wouldn’t be able to afford both online classes and taking care of the school,” Austin Krewson, an eighth grader, says.Moreover, electricity is likely to be cut off during snowstorms. If kids don’t have power at home, the money and the time in running the new program would be wasted.1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Officials suggest students should have more schooldays in June.B.Officials believe snow days put students behind in their studies.C.Students have to end snow days earlier than planned.D.Students won’t have sleddin g classes at school.2.The student reporter, Jordan Dewar, believes that _____.A.siblings can help each other with their studies on e-daysB.students can learn better on e-days than on makeup daysC.having e-days in winter will save the cost of air-conditioningD.students should study online when it snows heavily on weekdays3.What does the word “ditch” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A.give up B.put off C.carry out D.pay for4.The writer mentions the statements on the AASA Web site to _____.A.explain the reason to hold the e-day programB.show the difficulty of running the e-day programC.suggest government should spend more money on educationD.stress why some students can’t afford computers for online classesC15、No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. Bynow, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. Other cities including Taipei, Shanghai and Wuhan, also support the day.In Beijing, more and more people are taking part in the activity. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5th (World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. "We can't control the weather, but we can choose not to drive," said Wu Zhonghua, a car club chairman. Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year. In the first quarter of 2007, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days. This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year. Much of the dust(尘土) comes from the desert, but cars cause most of the air pollution. We must do more for No Car Day.1.No Car Day was started _______.A.to save moneyB.to control the weatherC.to make the air cleaner2.The No Car Day activity asks Beijing drivers _______.A.not to work on World Environment DayB.to ride a bike or walk instead of driving to work once a monthC.to leave their cars at home for a week each month3.When is World Environment Day?A.On July 5th.B.On June 5th.C.On September 22nd.4.Which of the following about No Car Day is WRONG?A.It was started in France in September, 1998.B.It is supported by over 1,000 cities around the world.C.It was first started by a car club chairman in Beijing.5.cause most of the air pollution.A.Dust. B.Cars C.BeijingersD16、1.You can ________ in the African village.A.watch an old dance B.enjoy the village lifeC.find sea animals D.try the future life2.People in the old village live a ______ life.A.rich B.poor C.happy D.simple3.If Tomwants to know the life in the future, he can go to ________.A.The Future Tower B.The Wonder LandC.The Old Village D.The Underwater WorldE17、For this little boy,it was the coldest winter.In that winter,his father lost a leg in an accident. He couldn’t go out to work again.From then on,his father became another person. He often lost his temper and beat him.One night, the boy was walking slowly lonely on the street. He passed a lovely small shop, He looked at some nice packages(包) of coffee quietly for a long time. An idea came into his mind .He knew his father loved coffee and he knew stealing was no good.But all he could think of was his father’s smile.He soon put a package of coffee into his jacket and ran back home.He ga ve the coffee to his father,who gave a smile that the boy had missed for so long.But,unfortunately,before his father could taste the coffee,the shopkeeper broke in and caught the boy. His father beat him again.Years later, he became a successful businessman. One day, his mother called and said his father wanted to see him. Busy working, he refused. Weeks later, he heard the sad news that his father had______When he went through the relics(衣物),he found an old box.Inside the box was the coffee that he had stolen from the shop.On the cover was his father’s handwriting:“Th egift from my son.”There was also a letter:“Dear son,I’m a failure as a father. But I also have a dream—to own a coffee shop, where I can make cups of coffee for you. I’m sorry I didn’t make it.”Sadness suddenly occupied him. He regretted not meeting his father for the last time, and decided to complete hi s father’s dream. After quitting his own job, he started a coffee business.The coffee business is now a huge success. And the little boy is Howard Schultz—the owner of the multinational corporation Starbucks.1.Why did the boy’s father become a different person?A.Because the boy didn’t study very hard.B.Because he lost a leg and couldn’t support the family.C.Because he lost an arm in an accident.D.Because it was the coldest winter.2.From the second passage, we could infer that________________.A.the boy wanted to taste the delicious coffeeB.the boy liked stealing thingsC.the boy wanted to make his father happyD.the boy’s mother liked drinking coffee3.What did the boy regret most?A.Not meeting his father for the last time.B.Stealing coffee in a coffee shop.C.not completing his father’s dream.D.Getting troubling for his family.4.What does the underlined part “pass away” mean?A.出国B.通过C.外出D.去世5.The writer wants to tell us _____________.A.Howard Schultz started a coffee business to co mplete his father’s dreamB.the father was kind to the boy and never beat himC.the little boy is Howard Schultz—the owner of KFCD.the boy’s mother loved his coffee so much that she kept it in an old boxF18、Nina felt nervous this morning. She couldn’t b elieve that she decided to try out for a talent show. She loved to sing but she disliked singing in front of other people.Taking a deep breath, she pushed open the door of the theater and went inside.The room was filled with laughing children. Nina saw Luz, James and others from her class. The bright, sunny room left her no place to hide. A few teachers sat on chairs. They waited for the children to become quiet.“Hi, Nina!” Luz called out. “I didn’t think you would try out. You are so timid(胆怯的) in front of people.”“That’s not true,” Nina said. “I’m not shy at all.”“Yeah, right,” Luz chuckled(轻声地笑) and ran off to find a seat.One by one the students got up on the stage(舞台) and did their acts.“Nina Martinez!” a voice called out. It was Mrs. Brent, the m usic teacher. Nina rose from her chair. She felt small as she walked to the huge, empty stage. Her face was hot and her shaking hands were as cold as ice.“I-I-” Nina began, and then stopped. “I can’t,” she said softly.“Close your eyes,” said Mrs. Brent gently. “Forget about everyone else. Just sing.”Nina felt silly, but she gave it a try. She closed her eyes and raised her voice and sang out. Her hands stopped shaking. The song was so nice that everybody enjoyed it.Nina heard Mrs. Brent clap (鼓掌) loudly at the end of her song. “That’s the first time I have really heard your voice,” she said. “You are in the show!”Nina let out a big sigh(叹息) and smiled happily.1.What was the weather like that day?A.Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Snowy. D.Cloudy.2.Why did Luz laugh as he ran off to his seat? Because .A.he thought Nina looked sillyB.he thought Nina was very funnyC.he did not believe Nina was telling the truthD.he did not believe Nina had a good music teacher3.When Nina walked to stage, her face was hot and her hands were cold. That’s becauseshe was .A.very excited B.badly illC.too nervous D.so happy4.Mrs. Brent told Nina to just sing for herself. It showed that Mrs. Brent .A.wanted Nina to do wellB.thought Nina’s voice was too softC.did not think Nina would be in the showD.did not think Nina would remember the song5.Which word best describes Nina at the end of the story?A.Silly. B.Lucky. C.Proud. D.Terrible.Ⅴ.书面表达19、践行文明礼仪从我做起,下周五要举办"文明礼仪伴我成长"为主题的英文征文比赛,请根据下面要点写一篇英文短文参赛。
广东省花都区联安中学2023-2024学年中考冲刺卷英语试题含答案

广东省花都区联安中学2023-2024学年中考冲刺卷英语试题含答案请考生注意:1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、-Where's mum,Mary?-She left a______saying that she went shopping.A.information B.suggestion C.sentence D.message2、----Excuse me, I want some books, but I can’t find a bookshop here.----I know_________on my way home. Come with me, please.A.this B.one C.. It D.that3、- My dream is to build______________university on the moon some day-It sounds like _________unusual dream. I wish you could realize itA.a a B.an,a C.an,an D.a an4、- The dress looks so _____ on you. -Yes, it fits me _____.A.well; good B.well; wel C.good; well D.good; good5、--What are you going to do after the exams to Senior High School?---I am going to _____________ for vacation.A.somewhere exciting B.interesting somewhereC.anywhere quiet D.everywhere funny6、 will the concert begin? even o'clock.A.How long, Not until B.How soon, Not untilC.How long, Until D.How soon, Until7、The_____that there is life on other planets has always encouraged scientists to explore the outer space. A.possibility B.order C.advice D.information8、—Do you like tennis?—Yes, I do. It’s my favorite __________.A.food B.fruit C.color D.sport9、-Have you improved your spoken English?-Not yet.I'll try my best______I am not good at it now.A.so B.although C.but D.until10、— I always get nervous when I start a(n) _______ with others.—Take it easy. Believe in yourself.A.expression B.introductionC.communication D.celebrationⅡ. 完形填空11、Jim is a 1 He goes to school five days a week. He has classes from Monday to 2 Usually he3 at six and has breakfast at seven in the morning. He leaves4 at seven thirty. He usually gets to school at eight. Classes start at 8:00. There are four classes in the morning and two classes in the5 . His mother is a Chinese teacher in the same6 He7 with his mother in the dining room(餐厅)in the school. Jim's favorite subjects are history, music,8 sports. After school he often plays football with his classmates.In the evening Jim can usually 9 his homework at six, and then ha can watch TV for 10 . He usually goes to bed at about nine o'clock.1.A.girl B.student C.teacher D.worker2.A.Saturday B.Thursday C.Friday D.Sunday3.A.gets up B.goes to work C.goes home D.goes to school4.A.the class B.the school C.the classroom D.home5.A.morning B.afternoon C.night D.evening6.A.hotel B.bus C.school D.family7.A.has lunch B.does shopping C.learns history D.does homework8.A.but B.or C./ D.and9.A.find B.buy C.think D.finish10.A.three hours B.a hour C.an hour D.ten minuteⅢ. 语法填空12、Climbing a mountain is hard work. But one step after another _________ (final) brings a person to the top. Along the way, you may stop and want to give _________ . It’s quite normal. But the___________ (high) you climb, the more wonderful things you can see. If you keep climbing to the. t_________, you will have a new world in front of you. Everything looks so small and you’ll find ___________(you) king of the world.Learning another language is l _________climbing a mountain. You , — _______(meet) a lot of difficulties since you took it up. _______ this new language can give you a new view of life. It can also open the way into _________ (people) minds and hearts, into a culture that is very different from the one of your own. This will make you richer and richer in things that money can’t __________ .Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Times SupermarketOffice secretaries and accountants needed. Experience preferred but not necessary.Good pay. Free lunch. Training providedOffice secretaries:university education.a good standard of Chinese and Englishkind, pleasant and confidentcommunication skillsAccountants:college educationcertificate(证书)in accounting(会计学)careful and patienta good standard of English.Face-to-face interview with Manager Jeff Smith: 9 a.m. –5 p.m. every day, except weekends. Applications by letter to Jeff Smith also welcome.Address: Block 3, Ninth Street, Sunshine Town.Don’t try to call or email us !1.Times Supermarket needs _____ according to this advertisement.A.managers onlyB.accountants onlyC.office secretaries onlyD.both office secretaries and accountants2.If Sam gets the job as an office secretary or an accountant in Times Supermarket, __________.A.he will get a lower payB.he needn’t pay for three mealsC.he will have chances to be trainedD.he will have to interview the manager every day3.Which of the following is NOT necessary for job applicants(求职者)?A.Much experience. B.Good EnglishC.Good personalities D.Educational backgrounds.4.To have a face-to-face interview with Jeff Smith, you can get there ______.A.at 8:45 a.m. on Sunday B.at 5:00 p.m. on SaturdayC.at 9:15 a.m. on Monday D.at 5:30 p.m. on Tuesday5.How many ways are there for job applicants to contact Jeff Smith?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.B14、A short Chinese man seems to be the tallest in the world right now. Jack Ma(Ma Yun),50, is executive chairman(董事局主席)of Alibaba Group, a business-to-business online platform. On Sept. 19, Alibaba went public (上市) on the New York Stock Exchange (纽约证卷交易所),raising $25 billion through an IPO(首次公开发行股票), the biggest in US history. Ma, a former English teacher, has become the richest man on the Chinese mainland.Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Ma grew up as a happy kid. At the age of 12, he wanted to learn English. Every morning, he woke up at 5 a.m , cycled 40 minutes to a hotel near the West Lake where he could chat to foreign tourists. He did it for nine years, rain or shine.The experience made him a fluent English speaker and also opened his eyes to the wider world. .In a 1995 trip to the US, Ma was showed the Internet for the first time. He searched Yahoo using the word “Beer”, and found that there was nothing in there about China. Seeing the chance, Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers.Four years later, 18 people including Ma, his wife and his friends founded Alibaba inHangzhou. He believed in the Internet business potential(潜力) when few other Chinese did. People called him “Crazy Jack Ma”. But 15 years later, Alibaba has developed into the world's largest e-commerce(电子商务)company, owning popular shopping websites like Taobao and Tmall. It makes more profit online than Amazon and e-Bay combined.No one thinks he's mad now. Ma's favorite line has been printed on Alibaba's souvenir T-shirts. It reads: “Everybody should have a dream. What if that dream comes true?”1.(小题1)We can tell from the first paragraph that___________.A.Alibaba Group is the biggest company in ChinaB.Alibaba's IPO has raised $25 billionC.Jack Ma used to be a math teacherD.Jack Ma is the richest man in the world2.(小题2)We can learn from the passage that ___________.A.Ma had learned much about computers before setting up a website called China Pages.B.Alibaba has become the largest e-commerce(电子商务)company in the world.C.Alibaba went public on the New York Stock Exchange last year.D.When he searched Yahoo for the first time , there was a lot of information about China.3.(小题3)Ma and his team founded Alibaba _________.A.in 1995 B.in 1998 C.in 1999 D.in 2014C15、In the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning. It was unusual for people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous. In those days, there were no flight attendants to look after the passengers. Young men, or "stewards" helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers' luggage (行李) but they did not provide food and drinks. But then in 1930, a woman called Ellen Church invented the "stewardess".Ellen Church was born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa. She was a different child. She didn't want to work on a farm or marry a farmer—she wanted a more adventurous (冒险的) life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital. For the next few years she stayed at the hospital but also took flying lessons and got her pilot's license.Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport. She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a man's world. Although women like Emelia Earheart were becoming famous, she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot. But she had another idea. Most people were frightened of flying because flying was still an unreliable (不可靠的) way to travel. There were often delays (延误), many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T. Agreed.The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes, but passengers loved the stewardesses. In 1940 there were around 1000 of them working for different airlines. The early "stewardesses" had to be under twenty-five-year old, single and slim. When a woman joined an airline, she had to promise not to get married or have children. It was hard job and not well paid. They worked long hours and earned $1 an hour.In the 1970s, stewardesses were unhappy in their job and airlines had to make some changes. Since the 1970s, "stewardesses" have been called flight attendants. They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.1.The last sentence of the first paragraph suggests that _________.A.the word "stewardess" was made up by Ellen ChurchB.Ellen Church was the first woman who flew a planeC.Ellen Church was the first woman who worked on a planeD.Ellen Church was the first woman passenger on a plane2.From the second paragraph, we learn that ________.A.Ellen did not behave in the same way as most as other girlsB.Ellen's family was not rich enough to support her educationC.Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospitalD.Ellen has an unhappy childhood that changed her completely3.The main reason for Boeing Air Transport offering Ellen the job was ________.A.her flying experience B.her university educationC.her nursing experience D.her life attitudes4.According to the passage, in the 1940s a woman had to ________ if she wanted to be a stewardess.A.be a nurse B.be marriedC.be a mother D.be young5.The passage mainly talks about _______.A.the background of early flying pilotsB.the experience of flying passengersC.the history of early flight attendantsD.the development of airplanesD16、阅读理解(20 小题,每小题2 分,共40 分)One day Mrs Black visited her family doctor, Mr Dodd. Mr Dodd was an old funny man with a beard. “What’s the problem ?” the doctor asked her. “I am very worried about my son, Jake,” Mrs Black said, “I can’t stop him from betting. He spends all his money betting on horse races. And even worse he’ll bet on everything. It doesn’t matter what it is.” The doctor said, “I’ve saved many people from gambling before. Send him to me.”The next day Mrs Black sent her son to see the doctor. While they were talking , the boy was looking at the doctor’s beard. Suddenly he said, “I bet you $ 50 that your beard is not a real one.” “Oh, no, ” the doctor said. “Can I pull your beard and find out ?” the boy said. The doctor thought this is a good way to teach him a lesson; so he said, “Ok, if my beard is real , you will have to pay me $ 50.” The boy pulled it and soon found out i t was real. The doctor laughed. Two days later the doctor telephoned Mrs Black, “I think I’ve saved your son.” He told her the story. But Mrs Black said, “You’re wrong. You’ve made him worse.” “How can that be ?” the doctor asked . “Before he went to see y ou, he bet me $ 100 that you would ask him to pull your beard !”根据材料内容选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。
广东省云浮达标名校2023-2024学年中考英语最后冲刺模拟试卷含答案

广东省云浮达标名校2023-2024学年中考英语最后冲刺模拟试卷含答案注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、I have some problems with my health. Can you give me some _______?A.advice B.messages C.suggestion D.information2、--- The film The Martian(火星救援)is of great value.--- Exactly. ______ can be enjoyed from it unless you have a deep understanding of it, _______.A.Nothing; however B.Few; insteadC.Something; anyway D.Little; still3、(2012甘肃白银)I think every student should go to school________,but some of them are always late.A.by the timeB.on timeC.for a timeD.at times4、People often think pigs are stupid. But , they are quite smart.A.no problem B.in fact C.no way D.in all5、________, the Internet was only used by the government. But now it’s widely used in every field.A.As usual B.At first C.After all D.So far6、Have you seen _______ first photo of a black hole on the Internet? What _______ amazing photo it is!A.a, a B.a, an C.the, a D.the, an7、— Nice to see you. I you for a long time.— I in Beijing. I’ve just come back.A.haven’t seen; am B.haven’t seen; wasC.didn’t see; will be D.won’t see; was8、------A research suggests that walking helps people live longer.----- I quite agree, but it_______ on when and how they walk.A.remains B.separates C.returns D.depends9、—Mum, we have won the game against Yuhua Middle School .—____________!A.Thank you B.The same to you C.Congratulations D.Never mind10、—Would you like to go to the concert with me?—I'd love to, but I Linda's invitation to dinner.A.accept B.have accepted C.was accepting D.will acceptⅡ. 完形填空11、阅读下面短文,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
中招冲刺中考语文试卷答案

一、选择题1. 下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是()A. 璀璨夺目B. 漫天飞舞C. 破釜沉舟D. 拔苗助长答案:A解析:璀璨夺目、漫天飞舞、破釜沉舟、拔苗助长都是正确的词语,但璀璨夺目中的“璨”字常被误写成“灿”,故选A。
2. 下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A. 他勤奋好学,成绩优异,是全班同学学习的榜样。
B. 这个故事告诉我们,只要勇敢面对困难,就一定能取得成功。
C. 为了实现我们的梦想,我们要努力奋斗,永不放弃。
D. 他不仅学习成绩好,还积极参加各种活动,是老师眼中的优秀学生。
答案:B解析:A项中的“全班同学学习的榜样”应改为“全班同学学习的榜样之一”,C项中的“我们要努力奋斗,永不放弃”应改为“我们要努力奋斗,永不放弃梦想”,D项中的“老师眼中的优秀学生”应改为“老师眼中的优秀学生之一”,故选B。
3. 下列诗句中,描写秋天景色的诗句是()A. 春眠不觉晓,处处闻啼鸟。
B. 碧玉妆成一树高,万条垂下绿丝绦。
C. 春风又绿江南岸,明月何时照我还?D. 枫叶红于二月花,霜叶红于二月花。
答案:D解析:A、B、C三项分别描写了春天、夏天、秋天,而D项中的“枫叶红于二月花,霜叶红于二月花”则是描写秋天的景色,故选D。
二、填空题1. 《出师表》中的“鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已”表达了诸葛亮()答案:忠诚、敬业解析:诸葛亮在《出师表》中表达了自己鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已的决心,体现了他对国家和民族的忠诚以及敬业精神。
2. 《岳阳楼记》中的“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”体现了()答案:忧国忧民、积极进取解析:这句话表达了作者范仲淹对国家和人民的深切关怀,体现了他忧国忧民的思想境界以及积极进取的精神。
三、作文题题目:以“青春,梦想起航”为题,写一篇不少于600字的作文。
答案:青春,梦想起航青春是人生中最美好的时光,是我们追逐梦想的起点。
在这个阶段,我们拥有无尽的激情和活力,怀揣着对未来的憧憬,勇敢地迈向人生的新征程。
2023-2024学年陕西省咸阳市兴平市中考冲刺卷语文试题含解析

2023-2024学年陕西省咸阳市兴平市中考冲刺卷语文试题注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.答题时请按要求用笔。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5.保持卡面清洁,不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、积累与运用1.下面情境中,张国的解释最得体的一项是()(情境)数学科代表张国因为帮老师整理试卷而没有及时发作业本,以至耽误了同学们放学的时间,部分同学对此十分不满意。
他向同学们解释说:A.都是因为帮老师整理试卷闹的,以后你们多提醒我。
B.因为帮老师整理试卷,没有注意到时间,请大家谅解。
C.你们要是把试卷都整理好了,就不用我忙了,也就不会耽误时间了。
D.我是帮老师整理试卷去了,有什么不满意跟老师说去。
2.下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A.增城区开展的“旅游日”宣传活动,旨在以强化旅游宣传,培养市民旅游休闲意识,提升市民生活质量为目的。
B.随着21号地铁线开通,十多所中小学新建或扩建,超豪华的三甲医院即将建成,使增城不再是传统意义上的广州郊区。
C.我区启动美丽乡村三年行动计划,要在计划期内基本完成村庄环境整治任务,建成一批特色精品村,达到省定美丽宜居村标准。
D.增城加大了引进优质教育资源的力度,广纳人才,同时做好区域内教师的培养,不断提升教育软实力,改善了教育教学水平。
3.根据课文内容依次选填下列词语正确的一项是( )①树梢上()的是一带远山,只有些大意罢了。
②幽暗的峡谷里整整齐齐、()地耸立着一片蔚为壮观的森林。
③荷塘四面,长着许多树,()④万物好似压缩成超市货架上的物品,摆在那里等待你的挑选。
货筐是那样小,世上的(),只有五样可以塞入。
A.隐隐约约密密麻麻蓊蓊郁郁林林总总B.蓊蓊郁郁林林总总密密麻麻隐隐约约C.隐隐约约蓊蓊郁郁密密麻麻林林总总D.密密麻麻隐隐约约林林总总蓊蓊郁郁4.下列词语中,每对加点字的读音都相同的一项是()A.咀嚼./味同嚼.蜡栅.栏/姗姗..来迟B.取缔./根深蒂.固逞.能/惩.罚C.央.求/怏怏..不乐伫.立/相形见绌.D.狡黠./闻名遐.迩慰藉./解.元5.下列各句中,加点词语使用正确的一项是A.为了把扬州建设成为古代文化与现代文明交相辉映的名城,城市管理者们以无所不为....的勇气,开拓进取,积极担当。
中考冲刺试题及答案

中考冲刺试题及答案一、语文阅读理解(本题共20分)阅读下面的文章,完成1-5题。
《春天的诗行》春天,是万物复苏的季节。
在这个季节里,大地披上了绿装,花儿竞相开放,鸟儿欢快地歌唱。
春天是诗人笔下永恒的主题,它激发了无数的灵感,留下了许多优美的诗篇。
春天的诗行,是温暖的阳光,是和煦的微风,是细雨的滋润。
它轻轻地拂过心田,唤醒沉睡的希望,点燃梦想的火花。
春天的诗行,是生命的赞歌,是自然的颂歌,是岁月的礼赞。
在春天里,我们看到了生命的顽强与不屈。
枯枝上,新芽破土而出,展现出勃勃生机;荒原上,野花顽强地生长,绽放出生命的美丽。
春天的诗行,是生命的宣言,是希望的信号。
1. 文章中“春天的诗行”指的是什么?(4分)2. 作者为什么要赞美春天?(4分)3. 文章中提到了春天的哪些特点?(6分)4. 春天在诗人笔下通常代表什么?(3分)5. 根据文章内容,春天给人们带来了哪些启示?(3分)答案:1. “春天的诗行”指的是春天所具有的各种美好特质和象征意义,如温暖的阳光、和煦的微风、细雨的滋润等,它们共同构成了春天的诗篇。
2. 作者赞美春天,因为春天是万物复苏的季节,它激发了诗人的灵感,留下了许多优美的诗篇,同时也是生命的赞歌和自然的颂歌。
3. 文章中提到春天的特点包括:大地披上绿装、花儿竞相开放、鸟儿欢快歌唱、新芽破土而出、野花顽强生长等。
4. 在诗人笔下,春天通常代表希望、生命、梦想和新生。
5. 春天给人们带来的启示包括:生命的顽强与不屈、希望的信号、梦想的火花等。
二、数学应用题(本题共30分)某工厂需要生产一批零件,原计划每天生产100个零件,预计30天完成。
但实际上,工厂在前10天每天只生产了80个零件,从第11天开始,工厂提高了生产效率,每天生产120个零件。
请问工厂实际需要多少天完成这批零件?解:设工厂实际需要x天完成这批零件。
根据题意,我们可以得到以下等式:前10天生产的零件数 + 之后生产的零件数 = 总零件数10 * 80 + (x - 10) * 120 = 100 * 30解这个方程,我们得到:800 + 120x - 1200 = 3000120x = 3400x = 3400 / 120x = 28.33由于天数必须是整数,工厂实际需要29天完成这批零件。
初三语文中考冲刺试卷答案

一、选择题1. 下列词语中,字形、字音完全正确的一项是:A. 翱翔(áo xiáng)轻盈(qīng yíng)灵巧(líng qiǎo)B. 潇洒(xiāo sǎ)赋予(fù yǔ)残忍(cán rěn)C. 奋进(fèn jìn)踊跃(yǒng yuè)神秘(shén mì)D. 崭新(zhǎn xīn)纤细(xiān xì)舒适(shū shì)答案:C2. 下列句子中,没有语病的一项是:A. 这本书的内容非常丰富,深受广大读者的喜爱。
B. 我们要珍惜时间,努力学习,为实现我们的梦想而努力。
C. 因为天气原因,今天的活动被推迟了。
D. 这个问题很难,需要我们集思广益,共同解决。
答案:B3. 下列句子中,使用比喻手法的是:A. 雨后的彩虹像一座七彩桥。
B. 这座山就像一位守卫家园的勇士。
C. 他是我们班的数学课代表,学习成绩一直名列前茅。
D. 这个花园里的花非常漂亮,像一幅美丽的画卷。
答案:A4. 下列词语中,属于偏正短语的是:A. 美丽的风景B. 优美的旋律C. 精美的包装D. 稳重的步伐答案:C5. 下列对联中,上联对下联最工整的一组是:A. 碧水荡漾映红霞,江山如画展宏图B. 诗韵悠扬传千古,墨香飘逸映人间C. 晨钟暮鼓催人醒,山清水秀映日辉D. 绿水青山共长天,古木参天映晚霞答案:D二、简答题6. 请简述《背影》一文的主要内容。
答案:《背影》是朱自清的一篇回忆性散文,主要讲述了作者在回家路上,看到父亲为自己买橘子,背着橘子艰难前行的背影。
通过描写父亲的爱子之情,表达了作者对父亲的感激和怀念之情。
7. 请分析《出师表》中的修辞手法。
答案:《出师表》中运用了多种修辞手法,如比喻、排比、夸张等。
其中,比喻手法在文中多次出现,如“臣之辛苦,非独蜀之辛苦也,亦天下之辛苦也”,将个人的辛劳与国家的命运相联系,增强了文章的感染力。
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数学中考冲刺题一、选择题1.如图,OA =OB ,OC =OD ,∠O =50°,∠D =35°,则∠AEC 等于( ). A .60° B .50° C .45° D .30°【思路点拨】根据OA =OB ,OC =OD ,∠O =∠O 可证△ODA ≌△OCB ,所以∠C =∠D =35°,又因为∠EAC =∠O +∠D =85°,所以∠AEC =180°-85°-35°=60°. 【参考答案】A .2.下列正多边形不能够镶嵌成平面图案的是( ).A .正三角形B . 正方形C . 正五边形D . 正六边形 【思路点拨】用两种正多边形镶嵌成平面图案的条件:拼在同一点各个多边形的各个内角的和是 360 °. 【参考答案】C . 3.化简b a b a +-,甲、乙两同学的解法如下:甲:=-+--=+-))(())((b a b a b a b a b a b a =---)())((b a b a b a b a -.乙:=+-+=+-)())((b a b a b a ba b a b a -对于他们的解法,正确的判断是( ).A .甲、乙都正确B .甲正确,乙不正确C .甲不正确,乙正确D .甲、乙都不正确OEA B DC【思路点拨】分母有理化时要注意分子与分母同乘的式子要有意义. 【参考答案】C .4.现规定一种新的运算“﹟”,a ﹟b =b a ,如3﹟2=23=9,则12﹟3=( ). A .18 B . 8 C . 16 D . 32【思路点拨】解此类题时宜先观察式子的结构,运用所给的运算规律或性质,按照运算的顺序求出结果.因为a ﹟b =b a ,所以12﹟3=311()28=,故选A . 【参考答案】A .5.已知a +b =m ,ab =-4,化简(a -2)(b -2)的结果是( ).A . 6B .2m -8C . 2mD . -2m 【思路点拨】本题考查整体代入技巧.由(a -2)(b -2)=ab -2(a +b )+4,将a +b =m ,ab =-4代入即可. 【参考答案】D .6.如果代数式2425y y -+的值为7,那么代数式221y y -+的值等于( ).A .2B .3C .-2D .4 【思路点拨】观察所给条件得知,应采用“整体代入法”,由题意知2425y y -+=7,所以242y y -=2,即22y y -=1.代入221y y -+中得221y y -+=1+1=2.【参考答案】A . 7.当式子2545x x x ---的值为零时,x 的值是( ).A.5 B.-5 C.-1或5 D.-5和5【思路点拨】由分式=0,即x-5=0,解得x=±5,且分母≠0,则245x x--≠0,解得x≠5且x≠-1.【参考答案】B.8.若b<0的结果是().A.-b B.C.-D.【思路点拨】(0)0(0)(0)a aa aa a〉⎧⎪===⎨⎪-〈⎩,以及二次根式的双重非负性.【参考答案】C.9.已知抛物线y=-ax2-bx+c满足a+b=c且9a=3b+c,则此抛物线的对称轴为().A.直线x=1 B.y轴C.直线x=-1 D.无法确定【思路点拨】由a+b=c知,当x=1时,y=0,由9a=3b+c知,当x= -3时,y=0,所以抛物线的对称轴为直线x=-1.【参考答案】C.10.如图,△OAP、△ABQ均是等腰直角三角形,点P、Q在函数4yx=(x>0)的图象上,直角顶点A、B均在x轴上,则点B的坐标为().A.1,0)B.1,0)C.3,0)2D.2,0)2【思路点拨】可以直接求的P 点的坐标为(2,2),设Q 点的坐标为(x ,y ),则B 点的坐标为(x ,0)则可列方程xy =4,x -2=y ,解得x ,y 即可. 【参考答案】B .11.已知:两个同心圆O ,大圆的弦AB 与小圆相切,若大圆的弦CD =AB ,则CD与小圆O ( ). A .相切 B .相交 C .相离 D .以上均有可能 .【思路点拨】本题主要考察直线和圆的位置关系,同时也考察了圆中的垂径定理的应用. 【参考答案】A .12.已知二次函数c bx ax y ++=2的图象如图所示,下列结论:(1)a b c ++<0;(2)a b c -+>0;(3)abc >0(4)b a =2. 其中正确的结论有( ). A . 4个 B .3个 C . 2个D . 1个.【思路点拨】本题主要考察二次函数的读图能力,由图像可知,a﹤0,c=0,对称轴x=-1,则b=2a,且b﹤0.当x=1时,y﹤0,当x=-1时,y﹥0.【参考答案】B.13.看图中的物体,得到的主视图形是().A B C D【思路点拨】此题主要考察三视图基本知识.【参考答案】A.14.不等式组533,1233x xx>-⎧⎪⎨-⎪⎩≤的整数解中最大与最小的两数分别是().A.0,-1 B.0,1 C.0,-2 D.1,-1.【思路点拨】考查不等式组的整数解的概念.解决这类题的关键是能准确地解两不等式并求出其公共部分:312x-<≤,找出其整数解:-1、0、1,故最大与最小的两数分别是1、-1.【参考答案】D.15.如图,在直角梯形ABCD 中,AD BC ∥,90C = ∠,且A B A D B C >+,AB是⊙O 的直径,则直线CD 与⊙O 的位置关系为( ). A .相离 B .相切 C .相交 D .无法确定.【思路点拨】本题难度较大,要判断直线与圆的位置关系,需将其转化为圆心到直线的距离D 与圆的半径R 之间的大小关系. 【参考答案】解:图中圆心O 到直线CD 的距离即为梯形ABCD 中位线的长,即d =)(21BC AD +,而AB AD BC >+,于是d <AB 21,即d <R ,故直线CD 与⊙O 相交.所以选C .16.如图,直线AB 、CD 相交于点O ,∠AOD =30°,半径为1cm 的⊙P 的圆心在射线OA 上,且与点O 的距离为6cm .如果⊙P 以1cm/s 的速度沿由A 向B 的方向移动,那么( )秒钟后⊙P 与直线CD 相切. A .4B .8C .4或6D .4或8.【思路点拨】本题是一道设计比较新颖的题目,要判断几秒种后⊙P 与直线CD 相切,则需要计算出当P 与直线CD 相切时,圆心P 移动的距离,如图,在移动的过程中,P 与直线CD 相切有两种情况,如图,当圆心运动到P 1、P 2的位置时与直线CD 相切,只要求到PP 1,PP 2长度即可. 【参考答案】解:当圆心移动到P 1、P 2的位置时,设P 1与直线CD 切于E 点,则P 1E =1,因为∠POD =30°,所以OP 1=2,所以PP 1=6-2=4,同样可求PP 2=8cm ,所以经过4秒或8秒钟后⊙P 与直线CD 相切.故选D .17.某校初三(2)班40名同学为“希望工程”捐款,共捐款100元.捐款情况如表:47表格中捐款2元和3元的人数不小心被墨水污染已看不清楚.若设捐款2元的有x 名同学,捐款3元的有y 名同学,根据题意,可得方程组( ).A .⎩⎨⎧=+=+663227y x y xB .⎩⎨⎧=+=+1003227y x y xC .⎩⎨⎧=+=+662327y x y xD .⎩⎨⎧=+=+1002327y x y x .【思路点拨】这是一道表格信息题,通过已知条件可发现两个等量关系:总人数为40人,总捐款金额100元.利用表格信息可列方程组⎩⎨⎧=+=+663227y x y x .【参考答案】A .18.三军受命,我解放军各部奋力抗战在救灾一线.现有甲、乙两支解放军小分队将救灾物资送往某重灾小镇,甲队先出发,从部队基地到该小镇只有唯一通道,且路程为24km .如图是他们行走的路程关于时间的函数图象,四位同学观察此函数图象得出有关信息,其中正确的个数是( ). A .1 B .2 C .3 D .4.【思路点拨】结合题意、图象看出,甲队出发2小时后乙队出发,他们同时到达目的地,路程都是24 km,甲队用了6小时,乙队用了4小时.可以求得,乙队行驶的平均速度是24÷4=6 km/h.所以,第二、第三个同学的叙述正确.又观察图象,甲、乙两队行走的路程、时间的函数图象相交,交点的横坐标是4.5,这说明两个队在行驶途中有一次相遇,是在乙队出发2.5小时后追上甲队,所以,第一个同学的叙述正确.在甲队行走的路程、时间的函数图象中,在3~4小时之间的一段是水平的,意味着这段时间甲队在途中停留,所以第四个同学的叙述是正确的.综上所述,四个同学的叙述都正确.【参考答案】选D.19.计算机是将信息转换成二进制数进行处理的,二进制即“逢2进1”,如(1101)表示二进制数,将它转换成十进制形式是1×23+1×22+0×21+1×20=13,2那么将二进制(1111)2转换成十进制形式是数().A.8B.15C.20D.30 【思路点拨】根据二进制转换成十进制的方法,可得:(1111)2=1×23+1×22+1×21+1×20=15.【参考答案】B.20.阅读下面材料,再回答问题:一般地,如果函数y=f(x)对于自变量取值范围内的任意x,都有f(-x)=-f(x),那么y=f(x)就叫做奇函数;如果函数y=f(x)对于自变量取值范围内的任意x,都有f(-x)=f(x),那么y =f (x )就叫做偶函数. 例如:xx x f +=3)(当x 取任意实数时,)()()()(333x x x x x x x f +-=--=-+-=即f (-x )=-f (x ) 所以)()(x f x f -=-为奇函数;又如f (x )=x ,当x 取任意实数时,)()(x f x x x f ==-=-即f (-x )=f (x )所以f (x )=x 是偶函数则下列函数中①4x y =,②12+=x y , ③31xy =,④1+=x y ,⑤xx y 1+= 其中是偶函数的有( ).A .①②③④⑤B .①②③⑤C .①②③D .①② 【思路点拨】对于4x y =和12+=x y ,有)()()(44x f x x x f ==-=-;)(11)()(22x f x x x f =+=+-=-,只有①②是偶函数.【参考答案】D .21.二次函数1+4+2-=2x x y 的图象如何移动就得到22-=x y 的图象( ).A .向左移动1个单位,向上移动3个单位.B .向右移动1个单位,向上移动3个单位.C .向左移动1个单位,向下移动3个单位.D .向右移动1个单位,向下移动3个单位. 【思路点拨】当二次函数的二次项系数相等时,其图像形状相同.在形状相同时,只需观察顶点的坐标的变化情况. 【参考答案】C .22.如图,有一圆形展厅,在其圆形边缘上的点A 处安装了一台监视器,它的监控角度是65 .为了监控整个展厅,最少需在圆形边缘上共安装...这样的监视器( )台.A .3B .4C .5D .6 【思路点拨】这是一道将圆周角与实际问题简单结合的试题,要注意同弧所对圆周角的度数为所对圆心角的一半.故用180除以65. 【参考答案】A .23.已知二次函数c bx ax y ++=2的y 与x 的部分对应值如下表:则下列判断中正确的是( ).A .抛物线开口向上B .抛物线与y 轴交于负半轴C .当x =4时,y >0D .方程02=++c bx ax 的正根在3与4之间 【思路点拨】从图形或表格中获取信息是新课标要求之一,该题通过数值特征可确定对称轴为x =23,可通过描点大可致描出其大致图象,而不必通过过三点用一般式求出其解析式而求其解. 【参考答案】D .24.若将代数式中的任意两个字母交换,代数式不变,则称这个代数式为完全对...称式..,如a b c ++就是完全对称式.下列三个代数式:①2)(b a -;②ab bc ca ++;③222a b b c c a ++.其中是完全对称式的是( ) .A.①②B.①③C.②③D.①②③【思路点拨】阅读理解题是近几年比较流行的试题.这类试题要求现场阅读,及时求解,能够考查学生的的自学和分析处理问题的能力.该题将任意两个字母交换即三字字母交换,代数式不变.【参考答案】D.25.如图,在等腰直角三角形ABC中,AC=BC,以斜边AB为一边作等边三角形ABD,再以CD为一边作等边三角形CDE,若AE=1,则CD的长为().A.13-B.213-C.26-D.226-【思路点拨】易知CD所在的直线是由Rt△ABC和等边△ABD所组成的图形的对称轴,所以∠ADC=30°,再由等边△CDE可以进一步得到AD垂直平分CE,所以AC =AE=1,由此在进一步求出CD的长.【参考答案】D.26.y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,则点M(a,bc)在(•).A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限由图可知: 抛物线开口向上⇒a >0.002y c b x y b a ⇒<=-⇒<⎫⎪⎬⎪⎭抛物线与轴负半轴相交对称轴在轴右侧⇒bc >0.∴点M (a ,b c )在第一象限. 【参考答案】A .27.对于二次函数2(0)y ax bx c a =++≠,我们把使函数值等于0的实数x 叫做这个函数的零点..,则二次函数22y x mx m =-+-(m 为实数)的零点..的个数是( ). A .1 B .2 C .0 D .不能确定【思路点拨】△>0,∴函数值为0时,x 有两个不同的值. 【参考答案】B .28.如图,直线y kx b =+经过点(12)A --,和点(20)B -,,直线2y x =过点A ,则不等式20x kx b <+<的解集为( ).A .2x <-B .21x -<<-C .20x -<<D .10x -<<【思路点拨】本题不需要求出直线y kx b =+的解析式,看图找出直线2y x =在直线y kx b =+下方并且两直线都在x 轴下方时自变量x 的取值范围.【参考答案】B .29.将两枚同样大小的硬币放在桌上,固定其中一枚,而另一枚则沿着其边缘滚动一周,这时滚动的硬币滚动了( ).A .1圈B .1.5圈C .2圈D .2.5圈本题应该用滚动的硬币所走的路程长除以滚动的硬币的周长,可以设硬币半径为r ,则滚动的硬币所走的路程长为4r π,硬币的周长为2r π,这时滚动的硬币滚动了2圈. 【参考答案】C .30.关于x 的不等式组1532223x x x x a +⎧>-⎪⎪⎨+⎪<+⎪⎩只有4个整数解,则a 的取值范围是:( )A .-5≤a ≤-143B .-5≤a <-≤-143C .-5<a ≤-143D .-5<a <-143【思路点拨】本题主要考查学生是否会利用逆向思维法解决含有待定字母的一元一次不等式组的特解问题.其基本思路为先解关于x 的一元一次不等式组的解集,•然后确定此解集包含着四个整数解,由这些整数解可推断字母a 的取值范围,•解原不等式组,得2-3a <x <21.由题设条件可知2-3a <x <21包含着四个整数解,这四个整数解应为17,18,19,20.这时,2-3a 应满足16≤2-3a <17. 解得-5<a ≤-143. 【参考答案】C .31.如图,点O 在Rt △ABC 的斜边AB 上,⊙O 切AC 边于点E ,切BC 边于点D ,连结OE ,如果由线段CD 、CE 及劣弧ED 围成的图形(阴影部分)面积与△AOE 的面积相等,那么OEBD的值约为(π取3.14)( ). A .2.7 B .2.5 C .2.3 D .2.1【思路点拨】A BDCE O求线段的比值问题一般借助于三角形相似,而OE BD比例中的线段BD ,OE 不在同一三角形中,所以转化线段是解题的关键.比值OEBD中,半径OE 可以转化为OD ,连接OD ,∴OE BD =ODBD,又∵BC 是⊙O 的切线,∴OD ⊥BC , 又∵△ABC 是Rt △,∴AC ⊥BC ,∴OD ∥AC ,∴∠B =∠AOE , 又∵AC 是⊙O 的切线,∴OE ⊥AC ,∴∠AEO =∠BDO , ∴△AOE ∽△OBD ,∴OD BD =AEOE. 设⊙O 的半径为r ,则阴影部分的面积转化为正方形ODCE 减去扇形ODE 的面积,∴S 阴影=r 2-41πr 2. ∵S △AOE =21OE ×AE =21r ×AE ,∵S △AOE = S 阴影,∴21r ×AE = r 2-41πr 2,∴AE =2 r-21πr ,∴AE OE =12 - ,2r r r π=24-π≈2.3.【参考答案】C .32.在平面直角坐标系中,如果抛物线y =2x 2不动,而把x 轴、y 轴分别向上、向右平移2个单位,那么在新坐标系下抛物线的解析式是( ). A .y =2(x -2)2 + 2 B .y =2(x + 2)2-2 C .y =2(x -2)2-2D .y =2(x + 2)2 + 2【思路点拨】本题考查了平移函数时解析式的变化情况.把x 轴、y 轴分别向上、向右平移2个单位相当于把函数向下、向左平移2个单位,即y =2(x + 2)2-2,故选B .【参考答案】B .33.函数2和在同一直角坐标系内的图象大致是=+=++y a x b y a x b x c().A B C D【思路点拨】本题主要考察二次函数与一次函数的图像及性质.一次函数中a>0时图像经过一、三象限,a<0时图像经过二、四象限,b>0时与y轴交点在x轴的上方,b<0时与y轴交点在x轴的下方;二次函数中a>0时开口向上,a<0时开口向下,ab>0时,对称轴在y轴左侧,ab<0时,对称轴在y轴右侧,分别对每个图像进行分析得出只有C正确,所以选C.【参考答案】C.34.如图,已知正三角形ABC的边长为1,E、F、G分别是AB、BC、CA上的点,且AE=BF=CG,设△EFG的面积为y,AE的长为x,则y关于x的函数的图象大致是().A B C D【思路点拨】第一部分:本题考查了三角形的有关面积以及函数图形综合题,解答时根据已知首先求得△EFG的面积y的函数解析式,然后根据解析式判断函数图象.第二部分:因为正三角形ABC 的边长为1,所以其面积为43. 因为AE =BF =CG =x ,所以BE =FC =AG =1-x ,又因为∠A =∠B =∠C =60°,所以△AEG ≌△BFE ≌△CGF ,所以△AEG 、△BFE 、△CGF 的面积都相等.过点E 作EH ⊥AG 于H ,易求得EH =23x ,所以△AEH 的面积为43x (1-x ),所以y =43-3³43x (1-x )=433x 2-433x +43. 因为433>0,所以抛物线开口向上.又因为b 2-4ac <0,所以与x 轴五交点.故应选C . 【参考答案】C .35.已知二次函数2y ax bx c =++(0a ≠)的图象如图所示,有下列4个结论: ①0abc >;②b a c <+;③420a b c ++>;④240b ac ->;其中正确的结论有( ). A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个【思路点拨】本题考察了二次函数的系数的符号的确定. 从图象可以看出,开口向下得a <0,抛物线交y 轴的正半轴可得c >0,再由对称轴x =1可得b >0,所以①0abc >是错误的;由抛物线与x 轴的交点的横坐标是-1和3可得②b a c <+是错误的,③420a b c ++>是正确的;由顶点在第一象限可得④240b ac ->是对的.所以本题选B .【参考答案】B.36.已知α为锐角,则m=sinα+cosα的值().A.m>1 B.m=1 C.m<1 D.m≥1【思路点拨】考查三角函数的有关知识,可以把问题转化到直角三角形中,设α为直角三角形的一个锐角A,则sinα=ac,cosα=bc.sinα+cosα=a bc c+=a bc+,因为a b c+>,所以m=sinα+cosα>1,此题选A.解决此类问题关键要做做看,把所要求的量一点点的表示出来,再通过计算,最后做出判断.【参考答案】A.37.正方形网格中,AOB∠如图放置,则cos AOB∠的值为().A.B.C.12D.2【思路点拨】由三部分组成.第一部分:(本题涉及知识点的相关重要概念)本题考察了锐角三角函数,主要是余弦的概念.∠A 的邻边与斜边的比叫做∠A 的余弦,记作cos A ,即 cos A =斜边的邻边A ∠.第二部分:(思路点拨或者综合法探索解题思路) 因为“cos A =斜边的邻边A ∠=51=55”,所以本题选A .第三部分:(与本题相关的一般规律性)在Rt △ABC 中,如果锐角A 确定,那么∠A 的对边与斜边的比、邻边与斜边的比也随之确定.如图,∠A 的对边与邻边的比叫做∠A 的正弦,记作sin A ,即sin A =斜边的对边A ∠.在Rt △ABC 中,如果锐角A 确定,那么∠A 的对边与邻边之比便随之确定,这个比叫做∠A 的正切(tangent ),记作tan A ,即tan A =的邻边的对边A A ∠∠.【参考答案】A .38.下列四个函数 (1)x y 2=,(2)xy 2-= ,(3)x y 23-=,(4))0(22≠+=x x x y 其中在自变量x 的允许值范围内,y 随x 的减小而减小的函数有( ).A .⑴⑵⑷B .⑴⑶⑷C . ⑴⑷D .⑴⑵ 【思路点拨】函数的增减性问题的要注意如下几点:一次函数与反比例函数中若一次系数k >0时随x 的增大而增大;反比例函数增减性时必须强调在具体象限内;二次函数的增减性要看对称轴,应在对称轴的左右. 【参考答案】C .39.关于x 的方程01)1(22=-++-a x x a 的一个根为0,则a 的值是( ) .A .1B .1-C .1或1-D .21【思路点拨】方程的类型不确定,可分方程为一元一次方程和一元二次方程两种情况讨论.①当方程为一元一次方程时, 即1,01==-a a 即时,代入0=x ,则012=-a ,所以1±=a ,故1=a .②当方程为一元二次方程时,即01≠-a ,所以1≠a 时,代入0=x ,则012=-a ,故1-=a ,综上所述1±=a .【参考答案】C .40.如图,有一圆锥形粮堆,其轴截面是边长为6米的正三角形ABC ,母线AC 的中点P 处有一老鼠正在偷吃粮食,小猫从B 处沿圆锥表面去偷袭老鼠,则小猫经过的最短路程是 米.【思路点拨】在立体图形中考虑最短路程的思路是将立体图形展开成平面图形,在平面几何中解决.本题将圆锥展开成平面图形扇形,利用弧长公式可计算出圆锥侧面展开图扇形的圆心角为180°,即侧面展开图正好是半圆,显然BP 就是小猫经过的最短路线.在直角三角形ABP 中利用勾股定理就可求出BP 的长. 【参考答案】41.如图所示,有一张一个角为60°的直角三角形纸片,沿其中一条中位线剪开后,能拼成的特殊四边形有 . 【思路点拨】这是一道操作几何题,解题时需综合考虑特殊四边形的性质及含30°直角三角形三边之间的比例关系,运用平移、轴对称、旋转等知识解决问题. 【参考答案】结果有三个:①等腰梯形;②菱形;③邻边不相等的矩形.42.已知|a |=3 |b |=2 ab <0 则a +b 的值等于 .① ② ③【思路点拨】由|a |=3,可知a =±3 , 由|b |=2,可知b =±2. 又由ab <0知a ,b 为异号, 故应为a >0 b <0或a <0 b >0. ∵|a |=3, ∴a =±3. ∵|b |=2, ∴b =±2. ∵ab <0 , ∴a ,b 为异号,∴当a =3时,b =﹣2,此时a +b =1, 当a =﹣3时,b =2,此时a +b =﹣1, ∴a +b 的值等于±1. 【参考答案】±1.432(1)n +=0,则m +n 的值为 . 【思路点拨】运用非负数的性质解题,如若|a |+2b ,则a =b =c =0.. 2(1)n +≥0.又因二者的和为0, ∴由非负数性质知:m -3=0.n +1=0,于是可求得:{30,10,m n -=+=∴{3,1.m n ==-∴m +n =3+(-1)=2. 【参考答案】2.44.当x= 时.分式224514xx x-+-的值为零.【思路点拨】若分式的值为0,则分子为0且分母不为0,即24x-=0,解得12x=或22x=-而分母不为0,即2514x x+-≠0.所以x≠-7且x≠2.故应填-2.【参考答案】-2.45.关于x的方程mx+4=3x+5的解是x=1,则m= .【思路点拨】直接利用方程的解的定义可得出关于m的方程,解方程可得m的值,即由m+4=3+4,所以m=4.【参考答案】4.46.若方程22(1)0x m x m+-+=的两根互为相反数,则m= .【思路点拨】依题意得210m-=且m<0,所以得m=-1.【参考答案】-1.47.如果直线y=ax+b经过第一,二,三象限,那么ab0(填>或<或=).【思路点拨】对一次函数图像的理解.已知直线y=ax+b经过第一,二,三象限,可先画出草图.由图可知:b>0 ,a>0.由草图可知:a>0,b>0.故ab>0.故答案为>.【参考答案】>.48.抛物线y =224x x -+的顶点坐标是 . 【思路点拨】二次函数2y ax bx c =++(a ≠0)的顶点坐标为(2ba-,244ac b a -).配方形如2()y a x h k =-+.此时顶点坐标为(h ,k ).确定一个抛物线y =224x x -+的顶点坐标可以用两种方法,其一是公式法x =2b a -=2121--=⨯,y =244ac b a-=2414(2)341⨯⨯--=⨯. ∴顶点的坐标为(1,3).其二是配方法,化为顶点式y =224x x -+= 2(1)3x -+, ∴顶点的坐标为(1,3). 【参考答案】(1,3).49.在三角形纸片ABC 中.∠C = 090.∠A = 030.AC =3,折叠该纸片,使点A与点B 重回,折痕与AB ,AC 分别相交于点D 和点E ,折痕DE 的长为 .AC DE【思路点拨】设DE =x .由题意知DE 垂直平分AB , 所以AE =BE ,∠EBD =∠A = 030. 在Rt △AED 中∠A =030, 所以AE =2DE . 设DE =x ,则AE =2x . 又AE +EC =AE +DE =AC , ∴2x +x =3,∴x =1,即DE 的长为1. 【参考答案】1.50.四边形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,要使四边形ABCD 为平行四边形,则应添加的条件是 (添加的一个条件即可). 【思路点拨】由平行四边形的判断依据.可填AD =BC ,一组对边平行且相等可填AB ∥CD .两组对边分别平行,也可填∠A =∠C 利用全等证△ABD ≌△CDB 等等. 【参考答案】AD =BC 或∠A =∠C .51.如图,点D 是Rt △ABC 的斜边AB 上的一点,DE ⊥BC 于E ,DF ⊥AC 于F .若AF =15,BE =10.则四边形DECF 的面积是 .FABC DE【思路点拨】本题利用整体思想解决,设CF =x ,CE =y .则11(15)(10)(1510)22DECF S xy x y y x ==++-+ ,解得xy =150.【参考答案】150.52.如图:△ABC 中DE ∥BC ,交AB ,AC 于D 、E .若AD :AB =1:2,则ADE S ∆:ABC S ∆= ,若△ADE 的面积为2,则ABC S ∆=____________.AB CDE【思路点拨】因为12AD AB =,且DE ∥BC .所以△ADE ∽△ABC .所以2211()()24ADE ABC S AD S AB ∆∆===. 因为ADE S ∆=2, 所以8ABC S ∆=. 【参考答案】8.53.已知直角三角形两边x ,y的长满足240x -+=,则满足的长为 .【思路点拨】因为24x -且它们的和为0,则它们应各自为0.可求出x ,y 的值.即240x -=且(y -2)(y -3)=0,所以x =2,x =-2(舍去),y =2或y =3.当x =2,y =2时第三边长为当x =2,y =3时,【参考答案】54.如图所示,抛物线2(0)y ax bx c a =++≠ 顶点为D ,抛物线与x 轴交点A 、B 横坐标分别为-1,3,则当a =________时,△ABD 是等腰直角三角形.【思路点拨】(1)常规方法:过D 作DH ⊥AB 于H ,因为(1,0)A -,(3,0)B ,所以解析式可设为(1)(3)y a x x =+-,即223y ax ax a =--,由于△ABD 是等腰直角三角形,且4AB =,故122DH AB ==,又因为DH 长度等于顶点D 纵坐标的相反数,因此有2212424a a a ---=,即12a =.经检验,12a =是上述分式方程的解,所以当12a =时,△ABD 是等腰直角三角形. (2)如果已掌握二次函数两个规律,即:AB =;当抛物线与x轴两交点和顶点构成的三角形是等腰直角三角形(本题中△ABD )时,则244b ac -=,那解题就简单多了.规律推导如下:二次函数图像与x 轴交于A 、B 两点,顶点D .规律一:设1(,0)A x ,2(,0)B x ,则1x ,2x 是一元二次方程20ax bx c ++=的两根,故12b x x a+=-,12c x x a =.因此:12AB x x =-===a ==.规律二:24(,)24b ac b D a a --,故244D ac b DH y a -==,当△ABD 是等腰直角三角形时,12DH AB =,即244ac b DH a -==,方程两边同时平方得22222(4)4164b ac b ac a a--=,从而有244b ac -=. 【参考答案】方法一(常规方法):过D 作DH ⊥AB 于H ,则有122DH AB ==,因为(1,0)A -,(3,0)B ,所以解析式可设为(1)(3)y a x x =+-,即223y ax ax a =--,又因为2212424D a a DH y a --==-=,即12a =.经检验,12a =是上述分式方程的解,所以当12a =时,△ABD 是等腰直角三角形.方法二(运用规律):由题意得244b ac -=,且4AB ==,从而4=,由图像得0a >,所以12a =. 55. 如图所示,AB 为⊙O 的直径,CD 、EF 为⊙O 的两条平行弦,且6CD =,8EF =,EF ⊥AB ,P 为AB 上任意一点,则P 、C 、E 三点组成三角形周长的最小值为________.【思路点拨】由于C 、E 是两定点,故EC 长是定长,要求△PEC 周长最小值,即求PC PE +最小值,考虑到E 、F 关于AB 对称,连接CF ,与AB 交点即为所求的点P ,此时PC PE CF +=.即△PEC 周长最小值EC CF =+,分别计算出EC 、CF 长度即可.其推理过程是:连OC 、OE ,过C 作CH ⊥EF 于H ,连CF 交AB 于P ,连EP .由于CD ∥EF ,EF ⊥AB ,所以CD ⊥AB .Rt △COM 中,5OC =,132CM CD ==,所以4OM =.同理Rt △OEN 中,3ON =.所以7C H M N ==.Rt △CEH 中,7CH =,1EH =,所以EC ==Rt △CHF 中,7C H H F ==,所以CF =.从而△PEC 周长最小值EC CF =+==FEO ∙PDCABFEO∙PDCAHN M【参考答案】1.56.圆的内接正六边形面积为S ,则该圆的外切正六边形面积为_______. 【思路点拨】思路一:圆的半径作为过渡量,寻求内接正六边形、外切正六边形面积与圆的半径之间的关系,从而得到这两者面积的关系,即用S 的表达式表示外切正六边形的面积,从而问题得以解决.思路二:运用规律“同一个圆的内接正n 边形与外切正n 边形相似,且相似比等于180cosn︒”就简单多了.推导如下: 提炼出如图所示的基本图形,其中AB ⊥BC ,BD ⊥AC ,180306A ︒∠==︒ 在圆外切正六边形中,AB 为边心距,BC 为边长的一半,AC 为半径.在圆内接正六边形中,AD 为边心距,BD 为边长的一半,AB 为半径. 由于同一个圆的内接正六边形和外切正六边形相似,且相似比等于边心距(或半径或边长的一半)之比,即相似比为:cos cos30AD AB A ==︒=再根据面积比等于相似比的平方,即可求得圆外切正六边形的面积用S 表达形式.其两种方法的推理过程为: 方法一:设圆半径为r,则226S ==,即2r =,又因为该圆外切正六边形半径为,故其面积为DCAB2246493S S ⎫⨯===⎪⎭. 方法二:因为同一个圆的内接正六边形和外切正六边形相似,且相似比为180coscos306︒=︒,即相似比等于2,故它们的面积比为34,从而圆外切正六边形面积为43S .【参考答案】43S . 57.已知23x y -=,那么142-+=x y ___________. 【思路点拨】本题由23x y -=无法求出x y 、的值,因此将求值式转化为含已知式的形式,然后整体代入求值.所以原式=-⨯=-1235. 【参考答案】-5.58.阳阳和明明玩上楼梯游戏,规定一步只能上一级或二级台阶,玩着玩着两人发现:当楼梯的台阶数为一级、二级、三级……逐步增加时,楼梯的上法数依次为1,2,3,5,8,13,21……(这就是著名的斐波那契数列).请你仔细观察这列数中的规律后回答:上10级台阶共有___________种上法. 【思路点拨】观察上述数列,不难发现它们总满足规律a a a n n n +-=+11,因而第8、9、10个数分别为34、55、89,故上10级台阶共有89种上法. 【参考答案】89.59.如图所示的两架天平保持平衡,且每块巧克力的质量相等,每个果冻的质量也相等,则一块巧克力的质量是 g .【思路点拨】由天平的平衡得到巧克力和果冻重量之间的数量关系设每块巧克力的重量为x 克,每块果冻的重量为y 克,由题意列方程组得:⎩⎨⎧=+=5023y x yx ,解方程组即可.【参考答案】20.60.观察下列图形的构成规律,根据此规律,第8个图形中有 个圆.【思路点拨】观察图形,第1个图形中“○”的个数为2=1+1;第2个图形中“○”的个数为5=4+1=122+;第3个图形中“○”的个数为10=9+1=132+;第4个图形中“○”的个数为17=16+1=142+……第n 个图形中“○”的个数为12+n . 【参考答案】65.61.某商家为了招来顾客,设置了一种摸奖游戏,规定:在20张商标牌中,有5张背面注明一定金额奖金,其余牌的背面是一张笑脸,若翻到笑脸就不得奖,购买一定数额商品的顾客都有三次翻牌机会(翻过的牌不能再翻),某顾客前两次翻牌均得若干奖金,那么他第三次翻牌获奖的概率是 . 【思路点拨】20张中有5张有奖,此顾客前两次均获奖,而翻过的不好再翻,则剩下的18张中有3张有奖,所以可以算出概率. 【参考答案】61. 62.已知三角形三条边的长分别是2,3和a ,则a 的取值范围是 . 【思路点拨】考查三角形三边之间的不等关系.由三角形的三边关系:两边之和大于第三边,两边之差小于第三边,得到:3-2<a <3+2,即:1<a <5 . 【参考答案】1<a <5.63.如图,在反比例函数2y x=(0x >)的图象上,有点1234P P P P ,,,,它们的横坐标依次为1,2,3,4.分别过这些点作x 轴与y 轴的垂线,图中所构成的阴影部分的面积从左到右依次为123S S S ,,,则123S S S ++= .【思路点拨】反比例函数的图象是一种特殊的曲线,其比例系数k 等于双曲线上任意一点横坐标和纵坐标的乘积.由双曲线的解析式及四个点的横坐标,可求得它们的纵坐标依次为2、1、32、21.将S 2和S 3向左平移,与S 1拼接起来,所以232112321=⨯-=++S S S ;确定反比例函数的解析式,只需确定一组值或其图象经过的一个点即可.另外,求阴影部分面积时,常运用割补法或是等积变换法来整体求解. 【参考答案】32. 64.Rt △ABC 中,∠C =90°,∠A =30°,点O 在斜边AB 上,半径为2的⊙O 过点B ,切AC 边于点D ,交BC 边于点E .则由线段CD 、CE 及弧DE 围成的阴影部分的面积为 .2y x =xy OP 1 P 2P 3 P 4 1 234。