2014年高考上海市2014届十三校高三联合考试
上海市十三校2014届高三上学期联考英语试题及答案
高三学科测试英语试卷第一卷(共103 分)I. Listening Comprehension （30分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C. Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words. C. Your mind and ears. D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual needs, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分）Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Many kinds of music can stir the imagination and produce strong feeling. For some people, romantic composers such as Chopin and Tchaikovsky enhance feelings of love and sympathy. Religious and spiritual music 25 help some people feel peace or lessen their pain. But one musician seems to have a unique ability of healing(治愈) the human body – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Scientists have found Mozart’s music to be remarkable in its ability 26 (calm) its listeners. It can also increase their perceptions, and help them express themselves more clearly.Many amazing cases have been documented using Mozart 27 a healing aid. For example, a tiny premature baby 28 (name) Krissy, who weighed just 1.5 pounds at birth, was on total life support. Doctors thought she had little chance of survival. Her mother insisted on playing Mozart for Krissy, and thought 29 saved her daughter’s life. Krissy lived, 30 she was very small for her age and slower than the average child. At the age of four, she showeda n i n t e r e s t i n m u s i c a n d h e r p a r e n t s g a v e h e r v i o l i n l e s s o n s.31 their astonishment, Krissy was able to play musical pieces from memory that were far beyond the ability of an average four-year-old. 32 (play) music helped her improve in all areas of her life.(B)Touch is the first tool we turn to when we face pain. We react similarly to 33 injured toe and a broken heart, tenderly 34 (grasp) the affected area. We are all born with the power to heal ourselves and to heal others because healing energy does not come from within but from outside ourselves. The energy is there for anyone to use, and no formal training 35 (require). When you have the intent to heal, and love is your only motive, you become a channel for healing energy. Through the simple touch of hands, you can use that universal healing energy to comfort those who 36 (experience) pain or distress.In performing healing energy work, it is necessary that you let your intuition (直觉) guide you to the affected area. Just imagine a healing light being drawn in through the top of your head and flowing through your hands. The energy will begin to flow once you have made a physical connection, and your touch will help awaken the body’s ca pacity for self-healing. The affected areas of the body, 37 were previously tense or tight, will relax with enough healing energy.38 (try) not to feel like you aren’t helping if you don’t feel the flow. The work you are doing is indeed helping.Understanding 39 energy works is less important than consciously making use of it. Performing a loving healing treatment on your loved ones can be a wonderful experience that brings you closer together. And as the healing energy passes through you, it can awaken a feeling within you that helps you 40 (well) understand the interactions between the spiritual, physical and mental selves.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Genes are found in every plant or animal cell. They are the basic units of life that are capableof passing specific 41 from one generation to another. For example, whether you are tall or short depends upon the genes that you 42 from your parents. Cloning plants or animals is a process that 43 the production of a new organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which cells were taken. Although this 44 has aroused great interest around the world over the last ten years or so, cloning is not something new in nature. Most mothers give birth to just one child at a time; however, on rare 45 a mother may give birth to a set of twins. If these two children are identical twins, then they are in fact naturally 46 clones of each other, although not of the parents. The reason for them being clones is that the two children originated from one 47 egg and consequently they are genetically identical. Twins thatd e v e l o p f r o m t w o48 eggs are not clones of each other.Cloning also occurs naturally in plants. Strawberry plants reproduce themselves by sending out runners, or modified stems, and these runners take root a short distance from the 49 plant and start to grow, and to produce fruit. In time, this plant sends out runners of its own that also take root. This is known as asexual reproduction; in other words, reproduction that does noti n v o l v e t h e f u s i o n(融合)o f m a l e a n d f e m a l e c e l l s.T h e n e w l y50 plants are clones of the original. In addition to strawberry plants, certain types of flowers and grasses reproduce themselves in the same way. Throughout history, people have also facilitated cloning by taking small cuttings from plants and then growing them into new plants. This form of cloning is called vegetative propagation.III. Reading Comprehension（47分）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Robert Frank, an economist at Cornell, believes that his profession is restricting cooperation and generosity. In the U.S., economics professors give __51__ money to charity than professors in other fields. Economics students in Germany are more likely than those from other majors to recommend an overpriced plumber (水管工) when they are __52__ to do it. Economics majors tend to rate __53__ as “generally good,” “correct,” and “moral” more than their peers.Does studying economics change people? Maybe not. It could be self-selection: students who already believe in self-interest are __54__ to economics. But this doesn't exclude the possibility that studying economics pushes people further toward the selfish extreme. By spending time with like-minded people, economics students may become __55__ that selfishness is widespread and reasonable -- or at least that giving is rare and foolish.“As a business school professor, these effects worry me, as economics, __56__ every aspect of our lives, is taught widely in business schools, providing a __57__ for courses in management, finance, and accounting.” says Frank.If economics can __58__ pro-social behavior, which is central to the well-being of people or society, what should we do about it? A change in economics and business __59__ is suggested. Courses in be havioral economics, which considers the role of “social preferences” like __60__, fairness and cooperation, are required for students of economics major. In fact, economics courses not involving some behavioral economics are considered both an inadequate education and a poor preparation to be a practising economist. Also, __61__ width, economics majors are required totake courses in social sciences like sociology and psychology, which place considerable emphasis on how people are __62__ about others, not only themselves. __63__, within economics courses, we should do a better job __64__ the principle of self-interest, which involves anything a person values -- including helping others.Not until then may the prophecy (预言) by Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher Amartya Sen be __65__. Calling economists “rational fools,” he observed: “The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social fool.”51. A. fewer B. less C. smaller D. more52. A. encouraged B. requested C. assigned D. paid53. A. teamwork B. greed C. desire D. economics54. A. opposed B. entitled C. drawn D. attached55. A. convinced B. depressed C. relaxed D. doubtful56. A. depending on B. adapting to C. differing from D. relating to57. A. potential B. judgment C. foundation D. reason58. A. assess B. research C. discourage D. cause59. A. education B. standard C. approach D. application60. A. competition B. evaluation C. community D. generosity61. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in relation to D. in need of62. A. concerned B. anxious C. curious D. enthusiastic63. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Otherwise64. A. claiming B. defining C. overlooking D. recalling65. A. broken B. predicted C. challenged D. fulfilledSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I used to think of myself as a fairly cosmopolitan（全球的）sort of person, but my bookshelves told a different story as my literature collection mainly consisted of British and American titles. Worse still, I hardly ever read anything in translation. My reading was limited to stories by English-speaking authors.So, at the start of 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country in a year to find out what I was missing.With no idea how to go about this, thinking that I was unlikely to find books from nearly 200 nations from my local bookshop, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World, appealing for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the world were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books from their home countries. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers sent me unpublished translations of their novels, giving me a rare opportunity to read works otherwise unavailable to the 62% of British people who only speak English. Even with such support, however, sourcing books was no easy task.Tracking down stories in some unfamiliar places even took as much time as the reading andblogging. It was hard to fit it all in around work and many were the nights when I sat bleary-eyed (睡眼惺忪的) into the small hours to make sure I stuck to my target of reading one book every 1.87 days.Still，one by one, the country names on the list made at the start of the year transformed into vital, exciting places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed exotic became familiar to me – places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.66.What help did the writer receive to achieve his goal?A.Some writers sent him their original works.B.The local bookstore provided books from 200 nations even if it was unlikely.C.Some writers did research work on what books are popular.D.Some people mailed books from their own countries.67.In order to accomplish his goal, the writer did the following except ______.A.asking for help from all over the worldB.making full use of his leisure time after workC.reading until early next morningD.appealing to writers to send him new books68.What does the word "exotic" in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Unrealistic.B. Uncivilized.C. Strange.D. Unimaginable.69.Which of the following best describe the writer’s exp erience in the year?A. Original but tiringB. Hard but relaxingC. Busy but fruitfulD. Helpful but challenging(B)Villa d'Este, Tivoli (Italy) - Official Site Useful InformationCall Center 199766166Number to dial from all of Italy for pre-sales and reservations for: tickets, guided tours, school groups, instructional visits.Bookings from abroad:email: villadestetivoli@fax: 0039 0412770747telephone: 0039 0412719036Visiting Hours:Opening 8.30 – closed one hour before sunset.The ticket office closes one hour before the closing of the monument.The hydraulic organ of the Organ Fountain is active daily, from 10.30 am, every two hours.The Fontana della Civetta functions daily, from 10.00 am, every two hours.Ticket Prices:(from May 17 to October 20, 2013)Full ticket (exhibition + villa and gardens, not divisible): € 11.Reduced ticket: € 7.These prices will be valid during the daytime openings of the Villa until the closure of the exhibition, due on the 20th of October, 2013(From the 22nd of October, 2013)Full ticket: € 8Reduced ticket: € 4These fares may vary in conjunction with exhibitions set inside the Villa.The right to purchase reduced price tickets belongs to all citizens of the European Union between the ages of 18 and 24 as well as permanent teachers of state schools (upon presentation of identity documents).School Visits:Reservations are required. The management of Villa d'Este, in the aim of preserving the monument and better distributing the flow of students, has limited the number of students allowed into the Villa to 100 students per hour. Should any school group arrive at the Villa without having made a reservation, it will be admitted to the Villa according to space availability at a particular time and asked to wait until such space becomes available. Right of Reservation cost: € 1,00.Notices:Certain areas of the villa may be closed for restoration: for information inquire at the ticket office.Please pay particular attention to the areas marked with signs indicating danger (in Italian: pericolo).70. How can a visiting Chinese professor of architecture in Rome make a booking?A. By dialing 199766166.B. By writing an email to villadestetivoli@.C. By calling 0039 0412719036.D. By sending a fax to 0039 0412770747.71. The receptionist at the ticket office may recommend you to see ______ first, if you arrive at10.25 am.A. the exhibition inside the villaB. the Organ FountainC. the gardensD. the Fontana della Civetta72. Why are reservations essential for school visits?A. Reservations are more economical.B. Reservations enable as many students as possible to visit the monument.C. Reservations ensure a pleasant visit for students and a manageable one for the Villa.D. Reservation fees can help preserve the site.73. Which of following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Villa d'Este is closed at night.B. Ticket prices are usually higher than usual when there happens to be an exhibition.C. Tourists are not allowe d to enter areas marked with signs “pericolo”.This four-legged robot can teach itself to walk, even changing how it walks after it has suffered damage. D. Visitors can buy reduced tickets as long as they make a reservation.(C)Have you ever seen harmful robots refuse to die,no matter how fiercely people fight back? As is known,it is always the case in some of the scariest sciencefiction.Now, science fiction has changed into sciencefact. For the first time, researchers have created arobotic machine that can stand a beating and keep onwalking. Developed by scientists from CornellUniversity and the University of Vermont, the newrobot looks like a spider with four legs. Until now, even the most advanced robot was almost certain to break down when damaged. That’sbecause its inside computer simply doesn’t know how to operate the machine after its sh ape has changed.To get around this problem, the spidery robot’s developers equipped their invention with eight motors and two sensors that read how the machine is tilting(倾斜). The motors and sensors all provide electrical signals to the machine’s softwa re.Using this information, the system follows a new procedure to figure out the machine’s shape at any given moment. The program chooses from among 100,000 possible arrangements of parts. From there, the computer considers a wide variety of possible next steps, and it calculates how best to move the robot forward the longest possible distance, before trying to move again. “The new strategy is a major advance in robotics”, Professor Skehan, a scientist in Cornell University says, “and it’s far from scary”. The technology may someday help researchers create better artificial arms and legs that give new freedom to people who lack them. The new knowledge might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.“Designing robots that can adapt to changing environments and can compensate (补偿) for damage has been a difficult problem,” says neuroscientist Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in Bloomington. “This work provides a new way toward solving this important problem.”74. What’s the most important characteristic of the new robot?A. Its shape is like a spider with four legs.B. It can repair itself and move again after damaged.C. It is operated by its inside computer.D. It is certain to change the direction when damaged.75. it can be learnt from the passage that ________.A. animals have no sense of place in spaceB. people have difficulty in figuring out how to get to his destinationC. scientists don ’t understand people ’s ability of locationD. scientists want to know where people and animals are going76. We can infer from the view of Professor Skehan that ________.A. the new technology will help people have a better sense of spaceB. the new technology will help people grow new arms and legsC. designing robots can help to be adaptable to the changing of the environmentD. the new technology will have some medical benefits77. The purpose of the author to write this article is to ________.A. introduce a new robot that will not dieB. discuss science fiction and new inventionC. recommend the latest inventionD. explain the relationship between robot and medicineSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.With 26 British prime ministers, 58 Nobel prize winners, over 150 Olympic medals and a "notable alumni" list that reads like a historical hall of fame, the institutions of Oxford and Cambridge – collectively known as Oxbridge – are seen, by many, as the dream alma mater(母校).However, as admission season dawns, and the October 15 deadline for Oxbridge inches ever closer, many students may wonder what makes the UK's top two institutions so special. Why does Oxbridge symbolize the academic dream for so many? Do the universities deserve the reputation they hold in the minds of so many teenagers, parents and academics?There is no doubt that both Oxford and Cambridge have a long standing history of academia. Yet, what is often overlooked is the strong reputation of countless other universities in the UK.A simple click on Google can tell students that the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, for example, has over 18 Nobel Prize winners and 50 world leaders. University College London attracts students from 150 countries and has exchange and research links with nearly 300 overseas universities. Manchester University has the largest student union of all UK universities and boasts alumni such as Niels Bohr and James Chadwick.I suddenly realized the Oxbridge effect when I was out in London with friends. I met some new people and was surprised by their reaction when I told them I was going to study at Cambridge. One person even got down on one knee and kissed my hand.From then on, I told people I was going on a gap year. Although I knew that Oxbridge provides a good education, I had never expected to get such extreme reactions. It was this that made me start to feel uncomfortable about the way that Oxbridge is viewed.The Cambridge Tab, the university's student newspaper, has argued that what makes Cambridge special is the fact that the students are told that they are unique and a cut above the rest, so they believe it. Ron Weasley never took the Felix Felicis potion that Harry Potter pretended to give him – all he had to do to win the Quidditch match was to believe he was great.For students applying now, yes, you will receive a world class education at Oxbridge, but you will find the same at numerous other universities throughout the country. Every time you hear about the brilliance of Oxbridge, consider that just because many believe, it does not have to be78. The examples of the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, University College London and Manchester University serve to illustrate the point that __________________________________in the UK.79. According to the passage, we can find that people ___________________ the students at the Oxbridge.80. How did the writer avoid over-reaction from people to her admission into Cambridge?______________________________________________________________________81. What is the writer’s suggestion to students applying to universities?_______________________________________________________________________第II卷（共47分）I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.1.这个失败给了我们一个教训:今日事，今日毕。
上海市十三校2014届高三12月联考历史试题
上海市十三校2014届高三12月联考历史试题2013.12 一、选择题（共75分）以下每小题为2分，共60分。
每题只有一个正确答案。
1．古代两河流域和埃及在统一之后都建立了中央集权君主专制统治。
下列选项中最能体现这两个地区中央集权君主专制的是A．《吉尔伽美什》、《汉穆拉比法典》B．《汉穆拉比法典》、金字塔C．金字塔、泥板文书D．《汉穆拉比法典》、泥板文书2．美国史学家威尔·杜兰在《世界文明史·东方的遗产》中说“原本显然是刹帝利阶级登极动作，英雄主义与战争的作品，在婆罗门的手中则变成了教诲民众关于伦理法典、道德观念以及涅槃之类的工具。
”上述材料评价的作品应是A．《摩诃婆罗多》B．《汉穆拉比法典》C．《吉尔伽美什》D．《荷马史诗》3．古代希腊历史上的“古典时代”的形成与当时的政治制度密不可分。
其中，始终起到推动社会发展作用的政治制度是A．民主政治B．寡头政治C．城邦政治D．军事强人政治4．德国哲人雅斯贝尔斯在《历史的起源与目标》中说：“公元前600至公元前300年间，是人类文明的‘轴心时代’。
”以下文明成果属于“轴心时代”的是A．楔形文字B．《历史》C．甲骨文D．伊斯兰教5．罗马法从最初极端简朴的罗马城的法，发展成为后来体系完备、内容丰富、适用于整个罗马帝国的法，历经了千余年。
推动罗马法不断完善的因素是①共和时期平民反对贵族斗争的胜利②长期对外征服造成了复杂的社会关系③商业经济和贸易发展引起利益冲突④罗马统治阶级重视法律的整理和研究A．①②③④B．②③④C．①②④D．②④6．有学者在某书中说“（他）是历史上绝无仅有的三重创立者，他创立了一个民族，一个帝国和一个宗教。
”此人是A．孔子B．悉达多C．耶稣D．穆罕默德7．右图是古代历史上出现的某大帝国的政治版图，从版图布局上可以判定为A．罗马帝国B．东罗马帝国C．阿拉伯帝国D．奥斯曼帝国8．司马迁的《史记》记载了商王的世系，但长期以来并不能确定该记载是否真实。
上海市十三校2014届高三上学期联考英语试题
2013年高三调研考英语试卷2013.12.13考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一卷(共103分)I. Listening Comprehension （30分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C. Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words. C. Your mind and ears. D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual needs, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分）Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Many kinds of music can stir the imagination and produce strong feeling. For some people, romantic composers such as Chopin and Tchaikovsky enhance feelings of love and sympathy. Religious and spiritual music 25 help some people feel peace or lessen their pain. But one musician seems to have a unique ability of healing(治愈) the human body – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Scientists have found Mozart’s music to be remarkable in its ability 26 (calm) its listeners. It can also increase their perceptions, and help them express themselves more clearly.Many amazing cases have been documented using Mozart 27 a healing aid. For example, a tiny premature baby 28 (name) Krissy, who weighed just 1.5 pounds at birth, was on total life support. Doctors thought she had little chance of survival. Her mother insisted on playing Mozart for Krissy, and thought 29 saved her daughter’s life. Krissy lived, 30 she was very small for her age and slower than the average child. At the age of four, she showed an interest in music and her parents gave her violin lessons.31 their astonishment, Krissy was able to play musical pieces from memory that were far beyond the ability of an average four-year-old. 32 (play) music helped her improve in all areas of her life.(B)Touch is the first tool we turn to when we face pain. We react similarly to 33 injured toe and a broken heart, tenderly 34 (grasp) the affected area. We are all born with the power to heal ourselves and to heal others because healing energy does not come from within but from outside ourselves. The energy is there for anyone to use, and no formal training 35 (require). When you have the intent to heal, and love is your only motive, you become a channel for healing energy. Through the simple touch of hands, you can use that universal healing energy to comfort those who 36 (experience) pain or distress.In performing healing energy work, it is necessary that you let your intuition (直觉) guide you to the affected area. Just imagine a healing light being drawn in through the top of your head and flowing through your hands. The energy will begin to flow once you have made a physical connection, and your touch will help awaken the body’s capacity for self-healing. The affected areas of the body, 37 were previously tense or tight, will relax with enough healing energy.38 (try) not to feel like you aren’t helping if you don’t feel the flow. The work you are doing is indeed helping.Understanding 39 energy works is less important than consciously making use of it. Performing a loving healing treatment on your loved ones can be a wonderful experience that brings you closer together. And as the healing energy passes through you, it can awaken a feeling within you that helps you 40 (well) understand the interactions between the spiritual, physical and mental selves.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Genes are found in every plant or animal cell. They are the basic units of life that are capable of passing specific 41 from one generation to another. For example, whether you are tall or short depends upon the genes that you 42 from your parents. Cloning plants or animals is a process that 43 the production of a new organism that is genetically identical to theorganism from which cells were taken. Although this 44 has aroused great interest around the world over the last ten years or so, cloning is not something new in nature. Most mothers give birth to just one child at a time; however, on rare 45 a mother may give birth to a set of twins. If these two children are identical twins, then they are in fact naturally 46 clones of each other, although not of the parents. The reason for them being clones is that the two children originated from one 47 egg and consequently they are genetically identical. Twins that develop from two 48 eggs are not clones of each other.Cloning also occurs naturally in plants. Strawberry plants reproduce themselves by sending out runners, or modified stems, and these runners take root a short distance from the 49 plant and start to grow, and to produce fruit. In time, this plant sends out runners of its own that also take root. This is known as asexual reproduction; in other words, reproduction that does not involve the fusion (融合) of male and female cells. The newly 50 plants are clones of the original. In addition to strawberry plants, certain types of flowers and grasses reproduce themselves in the same way. Throughout history, people have also facilitated cloning by taking small cuttings from plants and then growing them into new plants. This form of cloning is called vegetative propagation.III. Reading Comprehension（47分）Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Robert Frank, an economist at Cornell, believes that his profession is restricting cooperation and generosity. In the U.S., economics professors give __51__ money to charity than professors in other fields. Economics students in Germany are more likely than those from other majors to recommend an overpriced plumber (水管工) when they are __52__ to do it. Economics majors tend to rate __53__ as “generally good,” “correct,” and “moral” more than their peers.Does studying economics change people? Maybe not. It could be self-selection: students who already believe in self-interest are __54__ to economics. But this doesn't exclude the possibility that studying economics pushes people further toward the selfish extreme. By spending time with like-minded people, economics students may become __55__ that selfishness is widespread and reasonable -- or at least that giving is rare and foolish.“As a business school pro fessor, these effects worry me, as economics, __56__ every aspect of our lives, is taught widely in business schools, providing a __57__ for courses in management, finance, and accounting.” says Frank.If economics can __58__ pro-social behavior, which is central to the well-being of people or society, what should we do about it? A change in economics and business __59__ is suggested. Courses in behavioral economics, which considers the role of “social preferences” like __60__, fairness and cooperation, are required for students of economics major. In fact, economics courses not involving some behavioral economics are considered both an inadequate education and a poor preparation to be a practising economist. Also, __61__ width, economics majors are required to take courses in social sciences like sociology and psychology, which place considerable emphasis on how people are __62__ about others, not only themselves. __63__, within economics courses, we should do a better job __64__ the principle of self-interest, which involves anything a person values -- including helping others.Not until then may the prophecy (预言) by Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher Amartya Sen be __65__. Calling economists “rational fools,” he observed: “The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social fool.”51. A. fewer B. less C. smaller D. more52. A. encouraged B. requested C. assigned D. paid53. A. teamwork B. greed C. desire D. economics54. A. opposed B. entitled C. drawn D. attached55. A. convinced B. depressed C. relaxed D. doubtful56. A. depending on B. adapting to C. differing from D. relating to57. A. potential B. judgment C. foundation D. reason58. A. assess B. research C. discourage D. cause59. A. education B. standard C. approach D. application60. A. competition B. evaluation C. community D. generosity61. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in relation to D. in need of62. A. concerned B. anxious C. curious D. enthusiastic63. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Otherwise64. A. claiming B. defining C. overlooking D. recalling65. A. broken B. predicted C. challenged D. fulfilled Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I used to think of myself as a fairly cosmopolitan（全球的）sort of person, but my bookshelves told a different story as my literature collection mainly consisted of British and American titles. Worse still, I hardly ever read anything in translation. My reading was limited to stories by English-speaking authors.So, at the start of 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country in a year to find out what I was missing.With no idea how to go about this, thinking that I was unlikely to find books from nearly 200 nations fro m my local bookshop, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World, appealing for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the world were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books from their home countries. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers sent me unpublished translations of their novels, giving me a rare opportunity to read works otherwise unavailable to the 62% of British people who only speak English. Even with such support, however, sourcing books was no easy task.Tracking down stories in some unfamiliar places even took as much time as the reading and blogging. It was hard to fit it all in around work and many were the nights when I sat bleary-eyed （睡眼惺忪的）into the small hours to make sure I stuck to my target of reading one book every 1.87 days.Still，one by one, the country names on the list made at the start of the year transformed into vital, exciting places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed exotic became familiar to me – places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.66.What help did the writer receive to achieve his goal?A.Some writers sent him their original works.B.The local bookstore provided books from 200 nations even if it was unlikely.C.Some writers did research work on what books are popular.D.Some people mailed books from their own countries.67.In order to accomplish his goal, the writer did the following except ______.A.asking for help from all over the worldB.making full use of his leisure time after workC.reading until early next morningD.appealing to writers to send him new books68.What does the word "exotic" in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Unrealistic.B. Uncivilized.C. Strange.D. Unimaginable.69.Which of the following best describe the writer’s experience in the year?A. Original but tiringB. Hard but relaxingC. Busy but fruitfulD. Helpful but challenging(B)Villa d'Este, Tivoli (Italy) - Official Site Useful InformationCall Center 199766166Number to dial from all of Italy for pre-sales and reservations for: tickets, guided tours, school groups, instructional visits.Bookings from abroad:email: villadestetivoli@fax: 0039 0412770747telephone: 0039 0412719036Visiting Hours:Opening 8.30 – closed one hour before sunset.The ticket office closes one hour before the closing of the monument.The hydraulic organ of the Organ Fountain is active daily, from 10.30 am, every two hours.The Fontana della Civetta functions daily, from 10.00 am, every two hours.Ticket Prices:(from May 17 to October 20, 2013)Full ticket (exhibition + vi lla and gardens, not divisible): € 11.Reduced ticket: € 7.These prices will be valid during the daytime openings of the Villa until the closure of the exhibition, due on the 20th of October, 2013(From the 22nd of October, 2013)Full ticket: € 8Reduced ticket: € 4These fares may vary in conjunction with exhibitions set inside the Villa.The right to purchase reduced price tickets belongs to all citizens of the European Union between the ages of 18 and 24 as well as permanent teachers of state schools (upon presentation of identity documents).School Visits:Reservations are required. The management of Villa d'Este, in the aim of preserving the monument and better distributing the flow of students, has limited the number of students allowed into the Villa to 100 students per hour. Should any school group arrive at the Villa without having made a reservation, it will be admitted to the Villa according to space availability at a particular time and asked to wait until such space becomes available. Right of Reservation cost: € 1,00.Notices:Certain areas of the villa may be closed for restoration: for information inquire at the ticketThis four-legged robot can teach itself to walk, even changing how it walks after it has suffered damage. office.Please pay particular attention to the areas marked with signs indicating danger (in Italian: pericolo).70. How can a visiting Chinese professor of architecture in Rome make a booking?A. By dialing 199766166.B. By writing an email to villadestetivoli@.C. By calling 0039 0412719036.D. By sending a fax to 0039 0412770747.71. The receptionist at the ticket office may recommend you to see ______ first, if you arrive at 10.25 am.A. the exhibition inside the villaB. the Organ FountainC. the gardensD. the Fontana della Civetta72. Why are reservations essential for school visits?A. Reservations are more economical.B. Reservations enable as many students as possible to visit the monument.C. Reservations ensure a pleasant visit for students and a manageable one for the Villa.D. Reservation fees can help preserve the site.73. Which of following statements is NOT TRUE ?A. Villa d'Este is closed at night.B. Ticket prices are usually higher than usual when there happens to be an exhibition.C. Tourists are not allowed to enter areas marked with signs “pericolo”.D. Visitors can buy reduced tickets as long as they make a reservation.(C)Have you ever seen harmful robots refuse to die,no matter how fiercely people fight back? As is known,it is always the case in some of the scariest sciencefiction.Now, science fiction has changed into sciencefact. For the first time, researchers have created arobotic machine that can stand a beating and keep onwalking. Developed by scientists from CornellUniversity and the University of Vermont, the newrobot looks like a spider with four legs.Until now, even the most advanced robot was almost certain to break down when damaged. That’s because its inside computer simply doesn’t know howto operate the machine after its shape has changed.To get around this problem, the spidery rob ot’s developers equipped their invention with eight motors and two sensors that read how the machine is tilting(倾斜). The motors and sensors all provide electrical signals to the machine’s software.Using this information, the system follows a new procedu re to figure out the machine’s shape at any given moment. The program chooses from among 100,000 possible arrangements of parts. From there, the computer considers a wide variety of possible next steps, and it calculates how best to move the robot forward the longest possible distance, before trying to move again.“The new strategy is a major advance in robotics”, Professor Skehan, a scientist in Cornell University says, “and it’s far from scary”. The technology may someday help researchers create better artificial arms and legs that give new freedom to people who lack them. The new knowledge might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.“Designing robots that can adapt to changing environmen ts and can compensate(补偿) for damage has been a difficult problem,” says neuroscientist Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in Bloomington. “This work provides a new way toward solving this important problem.”74. What’s the most important characteristic of the new robot?A. Its shape is like a spider with four legs.B. It can repair itself and move again after damaged.C. It is operated by its inside computer.D. It is certain to change the direction when damaged.75. it can be learnt from the passage that ________.A. animals have no sense of place in spaceB. people have difficulty in figuring out how to get to his destinationC. scientists don’t understand people’s ability of locationD. scientists want to know where people and animals are going76. We can infer from the view of Professor Skehan that ________.A. the new technology will help people have a better sense of spaceB. the new technology will help people grow new arms and legsC. designing robots can help to be adaptable to the changing of the environmentD. the new technology will have some medical benefits77. The purpose of the author to write this article is to ________.A. introduce a new robot that will not dieB. discuss science fiction and new inventionC. recommend the latest inventionD. explain the relationship between robot and medicineSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.With 26 British prime ministers, 58 Nobel prize winners, over 150 Olympic medals and a "notable alumni" list that reads like a historical hall of fame, the institutions of Oxford and Cambridge – collectively known as Oxbridge – are seen, by many, as the dream alma mater(母校).However, as admission season dawns, and the October 15 deadline for Oxbridge inches ever closer, many students may wonder what makes the UK's top two institutions so special. Why does Oxbridge symbolize the academic dream for so many? Do the universities deserve the reputation they hold in the minds of so many teenagers, parents and academics?There is no doubt that both Oxford and Cambridge have a long standing history of academia. Yet, what is often overlooked is the strong reputation of countless other universities in the UK.A simple click on Google can tell students that the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, for example, has over 18 Nobel Prize winners and 50 world leaders. University College London attracts students from 150 countries and has exchange and research links withnearly 300 overseas universities. Manchester University has the largest student union of all UK universities and boasts alumni such as Niels Bohr and James Chadwick.I suddenly realized the Oxbridge effect when I was out in London with friends. I met some new people and was surprised by their reaction when I told them I was going to study at Cambridge. One person even got down on one knee and kissed my hand.From then on, I told people I was going on a gap year. Although I knew that Oxbridge provides a good education, I had never expected to get such extreme reactions. It was this that made me start to feel uncomfortable about the way that Oxbridge is viewed.The Cambridge Tab, the university's student newspaper, has argued that what makes Cambridge special is the fact that the students are told that they are unique and a cut above the rest, so they believe it. Ron Weasley never took the Felix Felicis potion that Harry Potter pretended to give him – all he had to do to win the Quidditch match was to believe he was great.For students applying now, yes, you will receive a world class education at Oxbridge, but you will find the same at numerous other universities throughout the country. Every time you hear about the brilliance of Oxbridge, consider that just because many believe, it does not have to be so.78. The examples of the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, University College London and Manchester University serve to illustrate the point that _________________________________in the UK.79. According to the passage, we can find that people ___________________ the students at the Oxbridge.80. How did the writer avoid over-reaction from people to her admission into Cambridge?______________________________________________________________________81. What is the writer’s suggestion to students applying to universities?_______________________________________________________________________第II卷（共47分）I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.1.这个失败给了我们一个教训:今日事，今日毕。
【VIP专享】上海市十三校2014届高三语文12月联考试题
2013年高三调研考语文试卷2013.12考生注意：1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题和答题要求，所有答案必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2.答题前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写学校、班级、姓名、考号。
3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
4.答题时间150分钟，试题满分150分。
一阅读 80分（一）阅读下文，完成1—6题。
（17分）①南朝梁的刘勰，在《文心雕龙》里专门谈了风骨的问题。
他说做文章要“风清骨峻，篇体光华”。
就是说，文章要像人一样，有清新的风貌、峻拔的骨骼，看起来精神奕奕。
这是一种对文章的美的理想，并且这种美的理想又是从人格的美的理想中来的。
所以，钱钟书在《中国固有的文学批评的一个特点》里认为，中国传统以来的文评就是把文章通盘的人化、生命化。
可见，中国人对美的认识往往和真、善联系在一起。
②风骨的说法，探本溯源，大抵是从人物品藻里来的。
关于人物品藻，中国从来便是有的。
□□□□□□ ③不过魏晋时候的人物品藻和从前又有不同。
按照现代汤用彤的说法，“汉代相人以筋骨，魏晋识鉴在神明”。
就是说，汉代议论人物偏于实在，往往把外在的形容和人的身份地位联系起来，好像有功利性的意味。
而魏晋时候，尤其是晋代，议论人物偏于玄虚，往往从审美的一面欣赏人的精神气象。
譬如南朝宋的刘义庆写《世说新语》，记述汉代到东晋的轶事琐语，有许多谈论人物风度的内容。
他大概是受了前一代的影响，所以尤重人物的气宇和风韵。
至于差别的原因，也许在于汉代是儒教统治，思想上有最高权威作为标准的时代；而魏晋则是政治混乱苦难、精神却自由解放的时代。
魏晋人在政治的失落里，产生了自我意识的觉醒，进而有了对个体的美的欣赏。
④可见，人物品藻在实用、功利的层面以外，又发展出审美、赏鉴的一面，所以一些用来品评人物的词语便自然而然地用于艺术，以至于元人杨维桢《赵氏诗录序》里认为，“评诗之品无异于人品也，人有面目骨体，有情性神气，诗之丑好高下亦然”，也就是人化的艺术。
上海市十三校2014届高三数学12月联考试题-文-沪教版
上海市十三校2013年高三调研考数学试卷（文科）2013.12一、填空题（本大题满分56分，每小题4分）1．函数()24|2|x f x x -=+的定义域是___________．2．幂函数)(x f y =的图像经过点)21,4(，则1()4f 的值为 . 3．方程tan 2cos()2x x π=+在区间()0,π内的解为 .4．计算：21lim 1n n n n →∞⎡⎤⎛⎫-⎪⎢⎥+⎝⎭⎣⎦=_________． 5．已知二元一次方程组的增广矩阵是421m m mm +⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，若该方程组无解，则实数m 的值为___________． 6．已知流程图如图所示，为使输出的b 值为16，则判断框内①处可以填数字 ．（填入一个满足要求的数字即可）7．等差数列{}n a 中，1102,15a S ==，记2462n n B a a a a =+++，则当n =____时，n B 取得最大值.8．已知x y R +∈、，且41x y +=，求19x y+的最小值.某同学做如下解答： 因为 x y R +∈、，所以1424x y xy =+≥1992x y xy+≥ ①⨯②得19924224xy x y xy+≥=，所以 19x y +的最小值为24。
判断该同学解答是否正确，若不正确，请在以下空格内填写正确的最小值；若正确，请在以下空格内填写取得最小值时x 、y 的值. . 9．若4mx x+≥在[]3,4x ∈内恒成立，则实数m 的取值范围是 . 10．函数()()x x y 2arccos 1arcsin +-=的值域是 .11．已知函数()(2318,343,3x tx x f x t x x ⎧-+<⎪=⎨--≥⎪⎩在R 递减，则实数t 的取值范围是_________.12．设正数数列{}n a 的前n 项和是n S ,若{}n a 和{n S }都是等差数列,且公差相等,则=+d a 1__ _.13．函数()()g x x R ∈的图像如图所示，关于x 的方程 2[()]()230g x m g x m +⋅++=有三个不同的实数解， 则m 的取值范围是_______________．14．已知无穷数列{}n a 具有如下性质:①1a 为正整数；②对于任意的正整数n ,当n a 为偶数时,12nn a a +=;当n a 为奇数时,112n n a a ++=.在数列{}n a 中，若当n k ≥时，1n a =，当1n k ≤<时，1n a >（2k ≥，*k N ∈），则首项1a 可取数值的个数为 （用k 表示）二、选择题（本大题满分20分，每小题5分）15．函数22log xy x =+的零点在区间（ ）内．（A ）11(,)43 （B ）12(,)35 （C ）21(,)52 （D ）12(,)2316．如果a b c 、、满足c b a <<，且0ac <，那么下列选项不恒成立的是（ ）．（A ）ab ac > （B ）22cb ab <（C ）()0c b a -> （D ）()0ac a c -<17．如图，点P 在边长为1的正方形的边上运动，M 是CD 的中点， 则当P 沿A B C M ---运动时，点P 经过的路程x 与APM ∆的面积y 的函数()y f x =的图像的形状大致是下图中的（ ）． 2.521yx2.521yx2.52yx12.52yx（A ） （B ） （C ） （D ）18．已知x y R ∈、，命题p 为x y >，命题q 为sin cos sin cos x y x y x y +>+.则命题p 成立是命题q 成立的 ( )．（A ）充分非必要条件 （B ）必要非充分条件 （C ）充要条件 （D ）非充分非必要条件三、解答题（本大题满分74分） 19．（本题满分12分，第一小题满分4分，第二小题满分8分）已知集合21|1,1x A x x R x -⎧⎫=≤∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭，集合{}1,B x x a x R =-≤∈. （1）求集合A ；P AOOO O（2）若RBA B =，求实数a 的取值范围.20．（本题满分14分，第一小题满分7分，第二小题满分7分）行列式cos 2sin 01cos A A x A xx()0A >按第一列展开得1121312M M -+，记函数()1121f x M M =+，且()f x 的最大值是4.（1）求A ；（2）将函数()y f x =的图像向左平移12π个单位，再将所得图像上各点的横坐标扩大为原来的2倍，纵坐标不变，得到函数()y g x =的图像，求()g x 在11,1212ππ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭上的值域．21．（本题满分14分，第一小题满分6分，第二小题满分8分）钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿是中国固有领土，如图：点A 、B 、C 分别表示钓鱼岛、南小岛、黄尾屿，点C 在点A 的北偏东47°方向，点B 在点C 的南偏西36°方向，点B 在点A 的南偏东79°方向，且A 、B 两点的距离约为3海里。
上海市十三校2014届高三12月联考化学试卷(带解析)
上海市十三校2014届高三12月联考化学试卷1．科学家及一些实业家的贡献对科学的发展起着积极地推动作用。
下列对有关科学家及其发明创造的叙述，错误的是A．拉瓦锡证明了化学反应中的质量守恒，建立了燃烧的新理论B．舍勒发现了氯气，凯库勒提出了苯的结构式C．侯德榜发明了“候氏制碱”法，吴蕴初开创了中国的氯碱工业D．道尔顿、汤姆孙、卢瑟福和门捷列夫等科学家对原子结构模型的建立均作出了卓越的贡献【答案】D【解析】试题分析：门捷列夫为元素周期表发现者。
故D选项错误。
考点：化学史2．由碳原子构成的纳米碳管可以作为储存氢气的优良容器，其单层部分结构示意图如下，下列说法正确的是A．纳米碳管是一种无机化合物B．纳米碳管中碳原子间以共价键结合C．纳米碳管与石墨互为同位素D．0.12g纳米碳管中含有6.02×l022个碳原子【答案】B【解析】试题分析：A选项，纳米碳管是单质。
故错误。
C选项二者互为同素异形体。
D选项，0.12g 纳米碳管中含有6.02×l021个碳原子考点：同位素，阿伏伽德罗常数，共价键。
3．有X，Y两组原子，对它们结构的下列描述中，能说明彼此化学性质一定相似的是A．电子排布式分别为：1s2和1s22s2B．X原子M层上只有两个电子，Y原子N层上也只有两个电子C．X原子的2p亚层上有二对成对电子，Y原子的3p亚层上也有二对成对电子D．X原子的2p亚层上只有一个未成对电子，Y原子的3p亚层上只有一个未成对电子【答案】C【解析】试题分析：电子排布式分别为1s2和1s22s2分别为氦元素与铍元素，二者化学性质不相同。
故错误。
B选项X原子M层上只有两个电子，则该元素为Mg。
Y原子N层上只有两个电子，则该元素为Sr。
二者化学性质差异很大，故错误。
C选项，X原子的2p亚层上有二对成对电子，该元素为F元素；Y原子的3p亚层上也有二对成对电子，该元素为Cl元素，故二者化学性质很相似。
D选项，X原子的2p亚层上只有一个未成对电子B元素；Y原子的3p亚层上只有一个未成对电子该元素为Al元素，二者化学性质差异很大。
上海市十三校高三数学下学期第二次联考试题 文(含解析)苏教版
上海市十三校2014届高三数学下学期第二次联考试题 文（含解析）苏教版一、填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题，考生必须在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分． 1.方程211log 1log 2x x ++=的解是 ．2.已知函数11()13xf x -=，则1(4)f -= ．3.若实数,x y 满足1xy =，则224y x +的最小值为4.设(12i)34i z +=-（i 为虚数单位），则||z = ．【解析】试题分析：由题意，3412iz i -=+，34341212i i z z i i --======++ 考点：复数的运算与复数的模．5.已知,x R ∈的值为6. 123101011111111111392733C C C C -+-+--+ 除以5的余数是7.若一个直六棱柱的三视图如图所示，则这个直六棱柱的体积为 ．8.等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，则12lim(32)nn n nS n S →+∞+=+9.题文】某公司推出了下表所示的QQ 在线等级制度，设等级为n 级需要的天数为(*)n a n N ∈，则等级为50级需要的天数50a =__________10.若关于x 的方程sin 2cos 2x x k +=在区间0,2π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上有两个不同的实数解，则k 的取值范围 为【答案】⎡⎣11.某高中有甲乙等5名同学被一所大学自主招生录取后,大学提供了4个学院给这5名学生选择．假设选择每个学院是等可能的，则这5人中甲乙进同一学院，且每所学院都有学生选择的概率是 ．12.给定平面上四点,,,O A B C 满足4,3,2,3OA OB OC OB OC ===⋅=，则ABC ∆面积的最大值为离最大值为4，∴ABC ∆面积的最大值为1(422⨯=． 考点：向量的数量积，三角形面积最大值．13.若集合{}220,x M x x x x N λ*=+-≥∈,若集合M 中的元素个数为4,则实数λ的取值范围为 ．14.对于非空实数集A ，定义{},A z x A z x *=∈≥对任意．设非空实数集(],1C D ⊂⊆-∞≠．现给出以下命题：（1）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必有;D C **⊆ （2）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必有C D *≠∅； （3）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必有CD *=∅；（4）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必存在常数a ，使得对任意的b C *∈，恒有a b D *+∈．以上命题正确的是*[,)C c =+∞，*[,)D d =+∞，只要取a d c >-，则对任意的*b C ∈，()a b d c b d b c d +>-+=+-≥，即*a b D +∈，（4）正确，故（1）（4）正确．考点：二、选择题：本大题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 15.集合{}20,()()01x A xB x x a x b x ⎧-⎫=<=--<⎨⎬+⎩⎭，若“2a =-”是“A B ≠∅I ”的充分条件，则b 的取值范围是（ ）（A ）1b <- （B ）1b >- （C ）1b ≥- （D ）12b -<<16.函数1211111(),(),,(),,()()n n f x f x f x x x f xx f x +===++则函数2014()f x 是（ ） （A ）奇函数但不是偶函数 （B ）偶函数但不是奇函数 （C ）既是奇函数又是偶函数 （D ）既不是奇函数又不是偶函数17.若,,22ππαβ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦,且sin sin 0ααββ->．则下列结论正确的是( ) （A ）αβ> （B ）0αβ+> （C ）αβ< （D ）22αβ>18.设B 、C 是定点，且均不在平面α上,动点A 在平面α上,且1sin 2ABC ∠=，则点A 的轨迹为（ ）（A ）圆或椭圆 （B ）抛物线或双曲线 （C ）椭圆或双曲线 （D ）以上均有可能三、解答题 （本大题共5小题，共74分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.） 19.(本题满分12分)设倒圆锥形容器的轴截面为一个等边三角形，在此容器内注入水，并浸入半径为r 的一个实心球，使球与水面恰好相切，试求取出球后水面高为多少？OBAP20.（本题满分14分，第一小题满分5分，第二小题满分9分）对于函数()f x ，若在定义域存在实数x ，满足()()f x f x -=-，则称()f x 为“局部奇函数”．（1）已知二次函数2()24(,)f x ax bx a a b R =+-∈，试判断()f x 是否为“局部奇函数”？并说明理由；（2）设()2x f x m =+是定义在[]1,1-上的“局部奇函数”，求实数m 的取值范围． 【答案】（1）是“局部奇函数”；（2）5[,1]4--. 【解析】试题分析：（1）本题实质就是解方程()()0f x f x +-=，如果这个方程有实数解，就说明()f x 是“局部奇函数”，如果这个方程无实数解，就说明()f x 不是“局部奇函数”，易知2()()2(4)0f x f x a x +-=-=有实数解，因此答案是肯定的；（2）已经明确()2x f x m =+是“局部奇函数”，也就是说方程()()0f x f x +-=一定有实数解，问题也就变成方程()()2220x x f x f x m -+-=++=在[1,1]-上有解，求参数m 的取值范围，又方程可变形为1222xx m -=+，因此求m的取值范围，就相当于求函数122xxy =+([1,1])x ∈-的值域，用换元法（设2xt =），再借助于函数1y t t=+的单调性就可求出.21.（本题满分14分，第一小题满分5分，第二小题满分9分） 已知a 、b 、c 为正实数，()0,θπ∈．（1）当a 、b 、c 为ABC ∆的三边长，且a 、b 、c 所对的角分别为A 、B 、C ．若1a c ==，且060A ∠=．求b 的长；（2）若2222cos a b c bc θ=+-．试证明长为a 、b 、c 的线段能构成三角形，而且边a 的对角为θ．【答案】（1）2；（2）证明见解析. 【解析】试题分析：(1)本题属于解三角形问题，它是“已知两边及一边所对的角，求第三边”的问题，解决这个问题可以有两种方法，一种是先用正弦定理求出已知两边所对的角中未知的一角，从而可求得第三角，然后用余弦定理求出第三边，也可以直接用余弦定理列出待求边的方程，通过解方程求出第三边；（2）首先要证明长为a 、b 、c 的线段能构成三角形，即证b c a b c -<<+，即证2222()2b c b c bc a -=+-<<222()2b c b c bc +=++，而这个不等式通过已知条件，再利用1cos 1θ-<<易得，其次再由余弦定理很快可得A θ=．试题解析：（1）解：由2312cos60,b b =+- 231,b b ∴=-+（3分）22.（本题满分16分，第一小题满分4分，第二小题满分5分，第三小题满分7分）已知抛物线24y x =．(1) 若圆心在抛物线24y x =上的动圆，大小随位置而变化，但总是与直线10x +=相切，求所有的圆都经过的定点坐标；(2) 抛物线24y x =的焦点为F ,若过F 点的直线与抛物线相交于,M N 两点,若4FM FN =-,求直线MN 的斜率；(3) 若过F 点且相互垂直的两条直线12,l l ,抛物线与1l 交于点12,,P P 与2l 交于点12,Q Q ．证明：无论如何取直线12,l l ,都有121211PP Q Q +为一常数． 【答案】（1）(1,0)；（2）43±；（3）证明见解析． 【解析】试题分析：（1）本题考查抛物线的定义，由于直线10x +=是已知抛物线的的准线，而圆心在抛物线上的圆既然与准线相切，则它必定过抛物线的焦点，所以所有的圆必过抛物线的焦点，即定点(1,0)；（2）这是直线与抛物线相交问题，设如设11(,)M x y ，22(,)N x y ，则2211224,4y x y x ==，两式相减有121212()()4()y y y y x x -+=-，则1212124MN y y k x x y y -==-+，下面就是要求12,y y 或12y y +，为此，我们设直线MN 方程为(1)y k x =-，把它与抛物线方程联立方程组，消去x ，就可得到关于y 的方程，可得12y y +，12y y ，只是里面含有k ，这里解题的关键就是已知条件4FM FN =-怎样用？实际上有这个条件23.（本题满分18分，第一小题满分4分，第二小题①满分5分，第二小题②满分9分）在数列{}n a 中，11,a =且对任意的21,221,,k k k k N a a a *-+∈成等比数列，其公比为k q ，（1）若135212(),k k q k N a a a a *-=∈++++求L ；（2）若对任意的22122,,,k k k k N a a a *++∈成等差数列，其公差为1,1k k k d b q =-设． ①求证：{}n b 成等差数列，并指出其公差； ②若12d =，试求数列{}k d 的前k 项和k D ．【答案】(1)1(41)3k-;(2)①1d =；②(3)2k k k D +=或22k D k = 【解析】试题分析：(1)由于2k q =(*)k N ∈，因此1357,,,,a a a a 成等比数列，且公比为4，故和易求；（2）①要（2）①因为22122,,k k k a a a ++成等差数列，所以212222,k k k a a a ++=+ 而21222211,,k k k k k k a a a a q q ++++==⋅所以112,k kq q ++=（6分）则111,k k k q q q +--=得1111,111k k k k q q q q +==+--- 所以11111,1,11k k k k b b q q ++-=-=--即所以{}k b 是等差数列，且公差{}k b 是等差数列，且公差为1．（9分）②因为12,d =所以322,a a =+则由223212a a a =⨯=+，解得：22a =或21a =-。
2014年上海市高三年级十三校第二次联考数学(文科)试卷
2014年上海市高三年级十三校第二次联考数学(文科)试卷考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分一、填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题，每题4分． 1. 方程211log 1log 2x x ++=的解是 ． 2. 已知函数11()13xf x -=，则1(4)f -= ． 3. 若实数,x y 满足1xy =，则224y x +的最小值为 ． 4. 设(12i)34i z +=-（i 为虚数单位），则||z = ． 5. 已知,x R ∈的值为 ．6. 123101011111111111392733C C C C -+-+--+ 除以5的余数是 ．7. 若一个直六棱柱的三视图如图所示，则这个直六棱柱的体积为 ． 8. 等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ， 则12lim(32)nn n nS n S →+∞+=+ ．9. 某公司推出了下表所示的QQ 在线等级制度，设等级为n 级需要的天数为(*)n a n N ∈，则等级为50级需要的天数50a =_________．10. 若关于x 的方程sin 2cos 2x x k +=在区间0,2π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上有两个不同的实数解，则k 的取值范围为 ．11. 某高中有甲乙等5名同学被一所大学自主招生录取后,大学提供了4个学院给这5名学生选择．假设选择每个学院是等可能的，则这5人中甲乙进同一学院，且每所学院都有学生选择的概率是 ．12. 给定平面上四点,,,O A B C 满足4,3,2,3OA OB OC OB OC ===⋅=，则ABC ∆面积的最大值为 ．213. 若集合{}220,x M x x x x N λ*=+-≥∈,若集合M 中的元素个数为4,则实数λ的取值范围为 ．14.对于非空实数集A ，定义{},A z x A z x *=∈≥对任意。
设非空实数集(],1C D ⊂⊆-∞≠。
现给出以下命题：（1）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必有;D C **⊆ （2）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必有C D *≠∅； （3）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必有CD *=∅；（4）对于任意给定符合题设条件的集合,,C D 必存在常数a ，使得对任意的b C *∈，恒有a b D *+∈．以上命题正确的是 ．二、选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题，每题5分. 15．集合{}20,()()01x A xB x x a x b x ⎧-⎫=<=--<⎨⎬+⎩⎭，若“2a =-”是“A B ≠∅I ”的充分条件，则b 的取值范围是（ ）（A ）1b <- （B ）1b >- （C ）1b ≥- （D ）12b -<< 16.函数1211111(),(),,(),,()()n n f x f x f x x x f x x f x +===++则函数2014()f x 是（ ） （A ）奇函数但不是偶函数 （B ）偶函数但不是奇函数（C ）既是奇函数又是偶函数 （D ）既不是奇函数又不是偶函数 17.若,,22ππαβ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦,且sin sin 0ααββ->．则下列结论正确的是( ) （A ）αβ> （B ）0αβ+> （C ）αβ< （D ）22αβ>18.若P 是以12,F F 为焦点的双曲线上任意一点,过焦点作12F PF ∠的平分线的垂线,垂足M 的轨迹是曲线C 的一部分,则曲线C 是( )（A ）圆 （B ）椭圆 （C ）双曲线（D ）抛物线三、解答题(本大题共5小题，满分74分) 19.(本题满分12分)设倒圆锥形容器的轴截面为一个等边三角形，在此容器内注入水，并浸入半径为r 的一个实心球，使球与水面恰好相切，试求取出球后水面高为多少？2014年高三年级十三校第二次联考数学(文科)试卷 第 3 页 共 10 页20.（本题满分14分，第一小题满分5分，第二小题满分9分）对于函数()f x ，若在定义域存在实数x ，满足()()f x f x -=-，则称()f x 为“局部奇函数”．（1）已知二次函数2()24(,)f x ax bx a a b R =+-∈，试判断()f x 是否为“局部奇函数”？并说明理由；（2）设()2x f x m =+是定义在[]1,1-上的“局部奇函数”，求实数m 的取值范围．21.（本题满分14分，第一小题满分5分，第二小题满分9分） 已知a 、b 、c 为正实数，()0,θπ∈．（1）当a 、b 、c 为ABC ∆的三边长，且a 、b 、c 所对的角分别为A 、B 、C．若1a c ==，且060A ∠=．求b 的长；（2）若2222cos a b c bc θ=+-．试证明长为a 、b 、c 的线段能构成三角形，而且边a 的对角为θ．422.（本题满分16分，第一小题满分4分，第二小题满分5分，第三小题满分7分）已知抛物线24y x =．（1）若圆心在抛物线24y x =上的动圆，大小随位置而变化，但总是与直线10x +=相切，求所有的圆都经过的定点坐标；（2）抛物线24y x =的焦点为F ,若过F 点的直线与抛物线相交于,M N 两点,若4FM FN =-,求直线MN 的斜率；（3）若过F 点且相互垂直的两条直线12,l l ,抛物线与1l 交于点12,,P P 与2l 交于点12,Q Q ． 证明：无论如何取直线12,l l ,都有121211PP Q Q +为一常数．23.（本题满分18分，第一小题满分4分，第二小题①满分5分，第二小题②满分9分）在数列{}n a 中，11,a =且对任意的21,221,,k k k k N a a a *-+∈成等比数列，其公比为k q ，（1）若135212(),k k q k N a a a a *-=∈++++求L ；（2）若对任意的22122,,,k k k k N a a a *++∈成等差数列，其公差为1,1k k k d b q =-设． ①求证：{}n b 成等差数列，并指出其公差； ②若12d =，试求数列{}k d 的前k 项和k D ．2014年高三年级十三校第二次联考数学(文科)试卷 第 5 页 共 10 页数学试卷答案（文科）考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分一、填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题，每题4分． 1. 方程211log 1log 2x x ++=的解是 {}1 ．2. 已知函数11()13xf x -=，则1(4)f -= 1 ． 3. 若实数,x y 满足1xy =，则224y x +的最小值为 4 ． 4. 设(12i)34i z +=-（i 为虚数单位），则||z =5.已知,x R ∈的值为 0 ．6. 123101011111111111392733C C C C -+-+--+ 除以5的余数是 3 ．（文）若一个直六棱柱的三视图如图所示，则这个直六棱柱的体积 为 4 ． 7. 等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，则12lim(32)nn n nS n S →+∞+=+ 2 ．8. 某公司推出了下表所示的QQ 在线等级制度，设等级为n 级需要的天数为(*)n a n N ∈，则等级为50级需要的天数50a =____2700______。
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2014年高考（157）上海市2014届十三校高三联合考试高考模拟2014-01-04 1423上海市2014届十三校联合考试语文试题一阅读 80分（一）阅读下文，完成第1-6题。
(16分)猫和虎的生活语源齐冲天①我国古代一年农事完毕之后，就要大行祭祀，以感谢天地之恩赐，这就叫做“八蜡”（zhà，年终之祭）。
其中第五蜡祭的就是猫和虎。
《周礼·郊特牲》中就有这个记载，要迎猫迎虎，因为它们保护了庄稼。
这在我们现在，人们或许就不理解了。
②猫与虎，在动物学上属于同一科。
□大小差别悬殊，□都是脊椎动物，毛色都十分美丽，还有锋利的爪牙、凶猛的兽性。
而它们□有慈善的一面。
鲁迅说：“知否兴风狂啸者，时时回看小於兔。
”猫在人前很温顺，但当它遇到了老鼠和鱼，马上就凶残起来，毫不留情。
③东亚大陆上，几千年来大多只有几千万人，甚至更少。
农业上的一个重要害虫就是田鼠。
《诗经》中就有“硕鼠硕鼠，无食我苗”。
所以人们要养猫、祭猫。
猫原本也是野生，古时叫狸，音义从里，从田从土也。
据法国考古学家说，人类驯养家猫，已经有近万年的历史。
在汉语中，家养后叫猫。
猫的形音义皆从苗。
人们有时以为它的叫声是喵喵的，所以就叫它猫了。
除了这个因素外，主要是因为它护了苗。
“迎猫，为其食田鼠也。
迎虎，为其食田豕也。
”夏猎曰苗，那也是为保苗才叫苗的。
船上的锚，音义也从猫从苗，那是它的铁爪扎在河岸上，是泊船的，船就受到保障。
田鼠之害大发作，现代偶或也还出现，这也正好可以用来证明猫字的语源。
④新华社2007年7月20日稿：“湖南大型鼠害，国家紧急调拨一万只猫进驻。
”据估计大约有二十亿只东方田鼠，随水位上涨，部分内迁，它们四处打洞，啃食庄稼，严重威胁湖南省22个县市区沿湖防护大堤和近八百万亩稻田。
对此，国家紧急调拨一万只猫进驻。
还说，大约有八百只江苏猫参加，坐空调车运往湖南。
谁知到了21世纪还在组织一场万猫上阵的护苗之战哩。
在这几年前，广东就发生过小规模的猫与鼠之战，当时农民捉来十几只猫就解决了问题。
新华社也发了稿。
护苗也叫苗，因此就叫它猫了。
⑤再说虎。
田豕，就是野猪。
家养后才叫猪，音义从诸、者，取众多之义。
于是把田豕叫野猪。
一大片庄稼，一会儿就可叫野猪糟蹋殆尽。
老虎看见野猪是不客气的。
在汉语中，老虎与野猪斗，那便是豦(jù),《说文》：“豦，豕、虍之斗不解也。
”朱骏生说豕虍不相斗，而他长期生活在苏州并在此著书，那里怎能有豕虍之斗？有一位东北同学告诉我：“有的野猪可长到一吨重，豕虍斗是有的。
”一位边防军人向我转述了新疆一位老猎户的讲述：野猪见到老虎，就躲到树后，老虎发现它藏了起来，就猛扑过去；野猪又躲到另一棵树的背后，老虎又扑过去；老虎几次猛扑不着，就慌张起来，这时野猪才跟它对阵，结果，双方都把对方的脸抓得稀烂，鲜血淋漓，谁也没能战胜对方，就各自愤愤地离去了。
先民们爬在树上，围观了这场精彩的斗争，始则紧张，继则戏剧般地结束，令人发笑，并著录于语言文字，增长了自己的智慧。
因此，劇有剧烈、急剧之意。
至今的戏剧还强调情节的冲突，这和语源多么切合，戏剧的剧，本也从豦，举刀枪作豕、虎之斗。
手或脚的有力依据可作摅和躆。
行动急促叫遽，从而也有立即之意。
幽默可笑的就叫发噱( xué)或噱头。
豦再加上点酒，便是醵，是相聚而笑语剧谈之义了。
可见，朦字在渔猎时代具有多么真实而深厚的生活基础。
⑥显然，豕虎之斗在先民那里是津津乐道的，以至于竞派生了一系列的同源词，组成一个词族，袭用至今，且大多还常用不衰。
它既是生活的现实，又是语义的引申，是互相结合、互相渗透的。
现实生活是语言发展的外在条件；语音相对稳定，语义活跃发展，是语言内部的对立统一，是语言发展的内在因素。
⑦为什么用猫字代替了狸、猪字代替了豕？就是因为家养代替了野生，人和它们的关系不同了，物种没变，名称替换了。
1．《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌_________集，高中课文《________》就选自《诗经》。
（2分）2．根据文章的意思，可依次填入第②段空格处的一项是。
（2分）··················（）A．因为又只 B．虽然又还C．虽然但又 D．因为但只3．从内容上看，第③④两段文字是为了说明____________________ 。
（2分）4．请简析第⑤段介绍“豦字在渔猎时代具有多么真实而深厚的生活基础”时所采用的说明顺序。
（3分）答：5．分析第⑥段在文章中的作用。
（4分）答：6．下列说法，符合原意的一项是。
（3分）·······································（）A．田鼠之害时常大发作，是冈为人类养猫太少的缘故。
B．虎与豕之战并未取胜，可见“其食田豕”言过其实。
C．朱骏生因为不知豕虍相斗之事，遭到冷嘲热讽。
D．狸豕名称被替换，是因与人关系变了，但物种没变。
（二）阅读下文，完成第7-12题。
（22分）一个人的雪天孙君飞(1)我一回头，看见我的雪人，忧伤地朝着我微笑，表情多么像我。
我奔过去，用额头抵着它的额头，又马上移开，去轻拍她的肩头，自言自语说了许多话。
我知道，雪人在倾听，每一字都能够听得懂。
(2)风漫卷过来，我还在说。
天地阒然苍茫，我还在说。
烟囱里的炊烟渐渐无影无踪，我还在说。
雪人一直在听，她的耳朵比谁的耳朵都有耐心，它还有一颗玲珑宽容的心。
况且，她需要一个人来给她说话。
虽然她是在我们欢欣鼓舞的时候被邀请到房后空地上的，但它比谁都孤独和寂寞。
(3)雍容闲愁的芦花鸡从我和雪人之间的空隙里穿过，留下细微小巧的爪印，我呆呆地看着，雪人的纯白的目光仿佛也洒落下来。
白鹅不知道为什么“鹅鹅鹅”的叫起来，麦垛上的积雪突然掉落下来，发出噗噗的声响，我于是瞬间嗅到一种气息，躺在被窝里看到一篇写雪、写冬天的故事的气息，我于是轻声轻气地对表情多么像我的雪人说：雪人，我爱你。
雪人激动得似乎矮了一点儿，用那灼灼的眼神望着我。
(4)我跟雪人再见，不必忧伤的再见，我想见她时，丢下书，丢下玩具，丢下茶杯，丢下火炉，转过两个屋角，就可以来看她。
(5)在看不到雪人时，我望见了山，寒山失翠，黑白相间，是一个远没有堆好的雪人，没有表情，没有耳朵，我不够喜欢。
(6)——我的童年里有雪人相伴，在没有上课铃声、没有考试、没有戒尺的寒假里，下雪后，我和伙伴们在屋后堆起一个硕大的雪人。
我独自拥有这个雪人，直到她化成水后消逝，等来年冬天再如约出现在我家屋后。
(7)我带着黄狗在雪野里奔跑。
(8)我十分喜欢身后的脚印，深深浅浅，曲曲折折，跌跌宕宕，是用奔跑谱出来的白色的曲子，是用双脚刻画出来的版画，是刚才消逝的那段时光所踩踏出来的诗歌。
跑过树林，跑过土包，跑过田塍，我望见从来没有去过的村庄，朦胧的灰，恬淡的黑，经年的青，飘忽的人影，松软的声音……(9)黄狗后腿的肌肉那么结实饱满，拔脚时带出的雪沫只能朝身后飞溅。
我不跟黄狗比，只跟雪野里的凛冽的清风比，只跟我豪迈好胜的少年之心比。
我觉得自己在奔跑时是俊美过驯鹿的，是迅猛过无脚的风的，是跑得过自己的心的。
我一个人笑出声来，那时候我还对着大风唱歌，对着大雪作诗，大风就是我的听众，大雪就是我的读者，我笑的时候其实也是在唱歌和作诗。
黄狗摆摆耳朵，晃晃身子，终于回头看我兴奋得是不是有些癫狂？我哈出腹中的热气，滚滚如浪，黄狗有点儿害怕，“呜呜”的轻吠着。
我弯着腰，笑得流出眼泪，趁黄狗不注意时，犹如利箭一般射出去。
(10)不奔跑的时候，我习惯到雪野里徜徉、徘徊，踽踽独行。
(11)我离开老屋和老家的同时，也意味着我距离一个人的雪天越来越远。
(12)背着简单的行李，我来到县城的高中读书。
冬天的小城，也下雪，却不够白，也不够厚，无法堆出一个大一些的雪人。
我们也没有跟雪人对话的心情。
在雪花飘落的时候，我们低着头，闷声不响地走过甬道，来到教室小声读着那些散发着潮湿木头气息的文字，跺着脚，搓着手，眼睛有点儿惺忪红肿。
(13)读着，读着，我哭了，我猛然醒悟过来：我再也走不进那种雪天了，一个人的雪天被稀释掉了……只会在梦里，天空在刹那间将所有的雪花降完铺开，收走所有的道路，我无路可走，也无路可退，我站立在茫茫雪地里，回想一个能够听懂童言和诗歌的雪人。
(14)人在长大后，在离开老家后，再走近一片雪花、一滴水珠、一株花草、一只黄狗的道路可能更加遥远，没有谁会例外，没有谁会真正保持一颗年少童心。
飞扬的雪花里，属于自己的越来越稀少，越来越单薄，我看到的都是别人的故事，也是自己的过去。
(15)有一天深夜，我怀抱着书包相互取暖，看见一个如我一样大小的男生躲在电话亭里给谁打电话，亭外飞雪如絮，灯光模糊，夜色氤氲。
男生在用话语温暖自己和电话线另一端的人，也许是他深爱眷恋着的一个女生吧？他似乎没有停下来的意思，出口的话冒着热气，像深夜的雪花一样繁盛细密。
(16)看到他，我忽然产生想跟陌生人拥抱一下的冲动，在这雪花此起彼伏的小城深夜里……（有删节）7．第(5)段中写到失翠的寒山，其意图是什么？（3分）答：8．请分析第(8)段中画线部分的语言表达技巧。
（3分）答：9．第(13)段中画线句子的含意是：（2分）10．下列对文章的理解和分析，不正确的两项是（6分）………………………………( )( )A．文章运用拟人化的手法，将雪人写成了“我”童年中的一个有血有肉的小伙伴。
B．第(2)段中“我”一直在对雪人诉说，是因为“我”心中雪人比准都孤独和寂寞。
C．第(3)段中的描绘有声有色，动静结合，生动形象地描绘了雪人周围环境的宁静。
D．文中“我”不跟黄狗而与凛冽的清风比奔跑，是因“我”自知根本跑不过黄狗。
E．本文融记叙、描写、抒情等表达方式为一炉，行文自然流畅，语言亲切而感人。
11. 文章最后一段（第16段）耐人寻味，请加以赏析。
（4分）答：12．联系全文，谈谈题目“一个人的雪天”的妙处。
（4分）答：（三）默写。
(6分) 【任选6空，超过6空，按前6空评分】13．(1)锦江春色来天地，_____________________。
（杜甫《登楼》）(2) _____________________,巴山夜雨涨秋池。