最新安徽卷全真模拟演练汇总
2024届安徽省宣城市高三下学期核心模拟卷(四)理科综合全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)
2024届安徽省宣城市高三下学期核心模拟卷（四）理科综合全真演练物理试题（基础必刷）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题如图所示，三根等长的光滑杆构成三角架，杆OA竖直放置。
质量均为m的两小球用细线相连后，分别套在两杆上，在图示位置能保持静止。
现将三角架绕A端在竖直平面内沿顺时针方向缓慢转动，直到AB杆水平。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A．OA杆对小球的弹力先增大后减小B．OB杆对小球的弹力一直增大C．转至AB杆水平时OB杆上的弹力大小为2mgD．转至AB杆水平时绳上拉力为第(2)题一定质量的理想气体由a状态开始，经历a→b→c→a过程，其图像如图，ab的延长线过坐标原点O，bc与纵轴平行。
已知a、c两状态下气体的温度相同，过程中气体向外界放出的热量为Q。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A．气体在a状态下单位时间内对单位面积器壁的冲量小于在c状态下的冲量B．过程中气体内能变化量的绝对值大于QC．b→c过程中气体从外界吸收的热量为D．a→b→c→a整个过程中气体对外界做功为零第(3)题如图，光滑斜面上放置一根通有恒定电流的导体棒，空间有垂直斜面向上的匀强磁场B，导体棒处于静止状态．现将匀强磁场的方向沿图示方向缓慢旋转到水平方向，为了使导体棒始终保持静止状态，匀强磁场的磁感应强度应同步A．增大B．减小C．先增大，后减小D．先减小，后增大第(4)题一物体在运动过程中，重力做了-2J的功，合力做了4J的功，则（ ）A．该物体动能减少，减少量等于4JB．该物体动能增加，增加量等于4JC．该物体重力势能减少，减少量等于2JD．该物体重力势能增加，增加量等于3J第(5)题下列说法正确的是（）A．加速度大于B．曲线运动中，加速度一定不为零C．匀速圆周运动中，相同时间内速度变化量相同D．瞬时速率等于瞬时速度的大小，平均速率等于平均速度的大小第(6)题“扔纸团”是深受大众青睐的手机小游戏.如图所示，游戏时，游戏者滑动屏幕将纸团从P点以速度v水平抛向固定在水平地面上的圆柱形废纸篓，纸团恰好沿纸篓的上边沿入篓并直接打在纸篓的底角.若要让纸团进入纸篓中并直接击中篓底正中间，下列做法可行的是( )A．在P点将纸团以大于v的速度水平抛出B．在P点将纸团以小于v的速度水平抛出C．在P点正下方某位置将纸团以大于v的速度水平抛出D．在P点正上方某位置将纸团以小于v的速度水平抛出第(7)题关于原子物理，下列说法错误的是（ ）A．光电效应中，电子一次性吸收光子的全部能量，不需要积累能量的时间，光电流自然几乎是瞬时产生的B．波动力学和矩阵力学在数学上是互斥的，它们是描述同一种现象的两种不同理论C．食盐被灼烧时发的光，主要是由食盐蒸气中钠原子的能级跃迁而造成的D．每种原子都有自己的特征谱线，我们就可以利用它来鉴别物质和确定物质的组成成分第(8)题t=0时，甲、乙两汽车从相距70 m的两地开始相向行驶，它们的v-t图象如图所示。
2024届安徽省皖南八校高三下学期第三次模拟大联考理综全真演练物理试题
2024届安徽省皖南八校高三下学期第三次模拟大联考理综全真演练物理试题一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题如图所示，儿童沿倾斜的滑梯匀加速下滑。
下列关于滑板与儿童裤料之间的动摩擦因数、儿童的速度大小、重力势能和机械能随运动时间的变化关系中正确的是（ ）A．B．C．D．第(2)题绝缘天花板上悬挂有带正电的带电绳，绳的质量和带电量都分布均匀，若在虚线下方加上水平向右的匀强电场，绳静止时的形状应为（）A．B．C．D．第(3)题原来静止的氡核发生一次衰变后生成新核钋，并放出一个能量为的光子。
下列说法正确的是（）A．这次衰变为衰变B．光子是氡核的核外电子从高能级向低能级跃迁时产生的C．氡的半衰期为3.8天，若取4个氡原子核，经过7.6天后就只剩下一个氡原子核D．钋核的比结合能大于氡核的比结合能第(4)题中国制造的鹊桥二号中继星自2024年3月20日发射升空，按计划进入24小时周期的环月大椭圆使命轨道后，可以实现月球背面与地球之间的信号传输。
关于鹊桥二号的运动，以下说法正确的是（ ）A．发射时的速度大于11.2km/sB．从地月转移轨道进入环月轨道需要加速C．进入环月轨道运行后，机械能不守恒D．进入环月轨道运行后，在近月点的速度大于远月点的速度第(5)题如图，质量不同的A、B两小球分别用细线悬挂在等高的悬点O1、O2处。
将两球拉至与悬点同一高度，使细线水平伸直，由静止释放。
已知L A＞L B，设悬点所在水平面为零势能面，不计空气阻力，则两球运动到最低点时（ ）A．A球动能大于B球动能B．A球机械能与B球机械能不相等C．A球加速度等于B球加速度D．A球向心力等于B球向心力第(6)题如图所示，一束由a、b两种单色光组成的复色光从圆弧面射入半圆形玻璃砖，入射方向对准玻璃砖圆心O点，入射角为θ1时，a光恰好发生全反射，b光恰好能以折射角θ2从直径边界射出。
2024届安徽省安庆市宿松县高三上学期第一次模拟考试全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)
2024届安徽省安庆市宿松县高三上学期第一次模拟考试全真演练物理试题（基础必刷）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题2018年是居里夫妇发现了放射性元素钋（）120周年。
若元素钋发生某种衰变，其半衰期是138天，衰变方程为，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A．该元素发生的是β衰变B．Y原子核含有2个核子C．γ射线是衰变形成的铅核释放的D．200 g的Po经276天，已发生衰变的质量为50 g第(2)题传记电影《放射性物质》聚焦人类历史上伟大的女科学家居里夫人，居里夫人是放射性元素钋的发现者。
若钋核发生衰变时会产生粒子和原子核X，并放出射线。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A．射线是原子核能级跃迁产生的B．原子核X的质子数为80C．射线的穿透能力比射线强D．射线和射线都是高频电磁波第(3)题伴随着人类探索宇宙的步伐不断加快，地球轨道上也产生了大量的太空垃圾（不可回收的航天器在使用后，将成为太空垃圾）。
太空垃圾以轨道速度运行，动能巨大（以上），若与它们相撞可能会严重损坏尚在运作的航天器，甚至威胁到宇航员在舱外活动时的生命安全。
如图所示是漂浮在地球附近的太空垃圾示意图，对此有如下说法，其中正确的是（）A．离地越低的太空垃圾运行周期越大B．离地越高的太空垃圾运行角速度越小C．由公式得，离地越高的太空垃圾运行速率越大D．如果航天器加速，就能追上同一轨道上同向飞行的太空垃圾而发生碰撞第(4)题如图所示，在光滑水平面上有一固定挡板，一个小球放在水平面上靠挡板放置，一个长木板一端搭在球上，另一端着地，球、板均处于静止状态，则下列判断正确的是（ ）A．球共受五个力B．球可能只受三个力C．球对板的作用力垂直于板向上D．球对板的作用力竖直向上第(5)题如图为摩擦力演示实验，用弹簧测力计沿水平方向拉木块。
在弹簧测力计的指针下方轻塞一个小纸团，它可以随指针移动。
安徽省淮南市2024届中考英语全真模拟试题含答案
安徽省淮南市2024届中考英语全真模拟试题含答案考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、China Dream will be able to come true we try our best.A．unless B．until C．although D．as long as2、—What are you looking for?—I’m looking for the ring________my husband bought me last year.A．which B．who C．whom D．where3、Last night, I went to bed late, _______ I am really tired now.A．so B．or C．but4、These beautiful photos _______ on the Great Wall last week.A．take B．took C．are taken D．were taken5、If you watch carefully, you can see_______________ the man does the trick.A．who B．what C．how D．which6、— The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) in Beijing last year.— Our country has been into a new era(时代) since then.A．held B．was held C．has held D．had held7、You must be more careful and ______ the same mistake you’ve ever made.A．plan B．follow C．avoid D．enjoy8、In the past two years the number of men teachers in our school from 10 to 30.A．are increasing B．is increasing C．have increased D．has increased9、I always play basketball to relax myself Saturdays.A．on B．in C．at D．by10、People often make a wish before candles when they celebrate birthday.A．bringing out B．laying out C．finding out D．blowing outⅡ. 完形填空11、The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers. It spread from Rome to China, which is from the West to the Far East.Traders travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices(香料),cloth, valuable stones and gold.There is a famous old story along the old road. It is said that Roman soldiers travelled through central Asia. They started to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese village of Liqian. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the story of blue-eyed villages of China was started.During its busiest period, .the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable goods and new ideas. These included people and trading goods from the Mediterranean, Persian, Magyar, Armenian, Bactrian, Indian and Chinese areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures.In modem times, the old Silk Road routes(路线）are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000. objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.1．How many kilometers did the Silk Road cover?A．About 3000. B．Nearly 6500. C．Almost 2000 D．Over 35,0002．Which of the following goods is not mentioned in the passage?A．Silk B．Cloth. C．Gold. D．Tea.3．Who married ancient Chinese women in the story of blue-eyed villages of China?A．European soldiers. B．African soldiers.C．Asian soldiers. D．American soldiers.4．What can we infer(推断）from the passage?A．Valuable things could not be sold along the Silk Road.B．The Silk Road allowed people from different countries to mix.C．Ancient Chinese along the Silk Road maybe able to speak different languages.D．The objects in the museum in Jiuquan in China are from all along the Silk Road.5．Which part of a magazine can this passage come from?A．History and Geography. B．Sports World.C．Man and Animals. D．Popular Science.Ⅲ. 语法填空12、This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland. The students are having a math class with their robot teacher.The “teacher” is1．small, blue machine about 25cm high, Reuters reported.Whenever students have problems, it helps them very2．(patient) and never gets bored.“The robot can make students3．(active) in class than usual. I see Eliasas one of the 4．(tool) to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom,” a teacher told Reuters.So far the school5．(introduce) four robot teachers, one of whom is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music." 6．is necessary to encourage kids to come up7．new ways to make use of technology in school life," the head of the school 8．(add) in the interview.The robot teachers are used9．(help) improve learning. This doesn't mean that human teachers will lose their jobs. The robots can teach well,10．they are not able to keep class in order. The school still needs human teachers.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、The Best Way to See LakelandTour A Lake District SpectacularThe Lake District is famous for being “the most beautiful corner of England” and the tour introduces you just that. Fantastic sights of mountains, valleys(山谷) and lakes from the south to the north. The tour includes a lake cruise(乘船游览), a visit to the 4,000-year-old Castlerigg Stone Circle on the hills. Y ou travel through beautiful valleys, see waterfalls and traditional Lakeland villages. You have plenty of stops for enjoying the sights and taking photographs.This is a tour not to miss.When & Where Every day from WindermerePrices Adults--£36.00, Child--£26.00(up to 16 years of age)Prices Include Lake CruiseTimes Leave Windermete 9:45hrs, return approx. 17:00hrsTour B Beatrix Potter’s Favorite CountryThe tour is the best way to explore the favorite places associated with(与......相关) Beatrix Potter. Our journey is through the beautiful Yewdale Valley, passing Yew Tree Tran and Skelwith Bridge making our way to Coniston Water for our lake cruise. We visit the Beatrix Potter’s Hill Top farm where she wrote many of her famous children’s stories in thislittle old stone house. You have the chance to go in the shop and explore her garden.When & Where Every day from WindermerePrices Adults--£26.00, Child--£21.00(up to 16 years of age)Prices Include Lake Cruise on Coniston & Hill Top GardensTimes Leave Windermete 12:00hrs, return approx. 16:30hrs1．What can you see if you choose Tour A? A．Y ewdale Valley. B．Coniston Water.C．Castlerigg Stone Circle. D．Beatrix Potter’s Hill Top farm.2．How much will Simon, a boy of 12, and his father pay if they want to choose Tour A and Tour B?A．£84.00. B．£109.00. C．£104.00. D．£144.00.3．When does the coach leave Windermere if you choose Tour B?A．09:45 hrs. B．17:00 hrs. C．12:00 hrs. D．16:30 hrs.4．Who was Beatrix Potter?A．She was a travel guide. B．She was a writer.C．She was a visitor. D．She was an explorer.5．What can’t the visitors do during the tours?A．Take photos. B．See some waterfalls. C．Explore the garden. D．Talk with Beatrix Potter.B14、In Europe, small cars have always been more popular than large cars. In the United States, large cars and midsize cars are more popular than smaller cars. As a result, European automakers used to make different kinds of small cars while American automakers used to build bigger, heavier cars. However, these days, automakers in both America and Europe produce cars of different sizes. This is because most automakers export their cars all over the world.The price of gasoline (汽油)is one reason for differences in car choices. Since gasoline is more expensive in Europe, many Europeans want smaller, lighter cars that will travel a long way on a gallon（加仑）of gasoline.Other reasons also enter into the big or little car decision. Many European cities have narrow, winding（弯曲的）streets. In these cities a small car is easier to control than a large one.For a long time, few Americans bought small cars. Instead they chose large cars, because these roomy cars were more comfortable for large families and long trips. Some people also liked the powerful engines（发动机）that large cars had. Since gasoline was cheap, drivers did not mind that the large cars used a lot of gasoline.But in the 1970s, there were gasoline shortages in the United States. The price of gasoline went up. Though large cars were still more popular than smaller cars, sales of small cars increased. Some people also bought small cars becausethese cars caused less air pollution than larger cars.Today, Americans' car preferences are still changing. Though Americans are still buying many small cars, the fastest growing sales are for certain kinds of large cars. These types of cars are called minivans and sport utility vehicles(SUV). They are very popular today. But of course, that could change tomorrow.1．In the 1970s, .A．large cars were less popular than smaller cars.B．European cars finally came to the United States.C．the price of gasoline went up in the United States.D．people in the United States stopped buying small cars.2．Which of the following does the article lead you to believe?A．Sport utility vehicles small cars.B．Minivans are becoming less popular.C．European car companies sell many cars in America.D．Cars with powerful engines caused less air pollution.3．What does “roomy” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．having much space B．having little spaceC．having a large room D．having a small room4．What can we infer（推断）from the article?A．Small cars are better than large cars.B．The price of gasoline is always rising.C．Large cars will always be popular in the United States.D．People like to have different kinds of cars to choose from.C15、Amy was looking for a gift for her little daughter. She stopped in front of a store full of dolls.“Girls like dolls,” she thought as she stepped into the store.Looking around, she saw a grandma doll — one with grey hair and a pair of glasses. In her mind appeared Joyce, her own mother.When Amy was a little girl, she got her first doll from Joyce for her birthday. Then the second, the third... the dolls never arrived late, year after year.“Why always a doll?” This question had been in Amy’s mind until one day her father gave the answer. Joyce dreamed of having a doll when she was a child herself. Her parents promised one for her fifth birthday. Sadly, they bothdied in a traffic accident before it arrived. The never—received gift was the most precious one in her eyes.Recalling(回想起) her mother’s story, Amy got an idea.It was Joyce’s 60th birthday. She go t a package with a card that read:Dear Joyce,I forget to send you a package that you should have received on May 20, 1956, your fifth birthday. The gift inside has aged, but I felt that you might still want to have it.Love,Angel of JoyJoyce opened the package and saw a lovely grandma doll. She clasped the doll that she had waited so many years for, with tears running down her face. The doll, given by her “Angel of Joy”, made her the happiest “child” in the world. 1．Why did Amy stop in front of a store?A．She wanted to buy her mother a gift.B．She liked dolls.C．She wanted to buy her daughter a gift.D．Her daughter liked dolls.2．Amy got a toy for her birthday every year because ________.A．she liked dolls when she was youngB．her mother ran out of gift ideasC．it was her mother’s dream to get a dollD．she and her mother both liked dolls3．What made Amy think of her mother and want to do something for her?A．A toy shop. B．Her daughter.C．A grandma doll. D．Herself.4．What does the writer want to tell us?A．We should never forget our parents.B．We should love our kids first.C．We should always remember our dreams.D．We should buy birthday presents for our parents.5．The underlined part “clasped” in the last paragraph means ________.A．喜欢B．紧抱C．珍藏D．嫌弃D16、阅读理解.1．（小题1）You can choose Tour 1 to ______.A．take a look at the kitchenB．see a movieC．visit the largest guest houseD．experience the Castle at night2．（小题2）If a father takes Tour 2 with his 3-year-old son, how much will they pay? A．$40. B．$30.C．$25. D．$20.3．（小题3）Which tour will you choose if you are interested in libraries?A．Tour 1. B．Tour 2.C．Tour 3. D．Tour 4.4．（小题4）What time can we book tickets by calling?A．At 8 am on Monday in March.B．At 9 pm on Tuesday in March.C．At 7 am on Friday in September.D．At 6 pm on Saturday in October.E 17、Moving On(1)The end of school is here at last It has come so very fastWe look ahead with suchdelight The future looks so very bright It's now time to say goodbye We're all leaving junior high (2)Other people，other places Different schools，different faces Please don't feel bad and grieve On the day you take your leave But celebrate and raise your glass And say goodbye to all your class(3)Other subjects，a new class Different teachers and exams to pass For everyone in this hallA new life awaits you allSo don't look sad and cry.You're moving on senior highTips: senior high高中prom night毕业晚会positive积极的;主动的await等待Tips: senior high高中prom night毕业晚会positive积极的;主动的await等待1．What’s the type of the passage above?A．a novel B．a story C．a report D．a poem2．According to the passage，has come so fast.A．the end of school B．the examC．the celebration D．the new class3．What does the underlined word–“delight” mean?A．Sickness. B．Sadness.C．Happiness. D．Fairness.4．What's waiting for you all according to the passage?A．Too many subjects. B．The same school.C．Similar faces. D．A new life.5．The purpose of this passage is to .A．tell us to say thanks to all our teachersB．encourage us to be positive and move on our senior highC．tell us that we should do something for our junior high schoolsD．remind us of our happy junior high lifeF18、On Saturday Patrick woke up with a little shock，knowing that this was a special day. For a moment he couldn’t think exactly why，and then，with an excited flutter of his stomach，he remembered. At ten o’clock today he was going to find out the final result of the programme called Super Brain. He got dressed more carefully than usual，went downstairs and turned on the TV. Quickly he switched channels. Cartoons，cartoons，advertisements，man talking，snow，snow… and still nothing at all on Channel 8.“Patrick，turn it off，darling，if you’re going to watch.” Judith walked past with the newspaper un der her arm and her eyes half closed. She headed for the kitchen. Patrick turned off the TV and followed.“What’s for breakfast，Mum?”“We will see，” Judith said in a low voice，turning on the electric kettle (水壶). She looked sleepily at him and smiled.“Y ou look nice，darling，” She said. “You’re all ready. But we can’t go till eight-thirty at the earliest，you know. Nothing will be open till then.”Patrick’s stomach seemed to feel a little sick. “We aren’t going out，are we?” He asked. Judith began to make the tea. “Don’t say you’ve forgotten!” she said，“I promised you，last Saturday. Your new trainers，remember?”“Oh—oh，but I can’t go out this morning，Mum. There’s something I’ve got to watch on TV. At ten o’clock. I’ve got to! My trainers will be all ri ght for another week.” Patrick said with excitement，looking quite worried.Judith faced him，hands on hips，“Patrick，” she said with great dislike，“it’s all organized.”1．This Saturday was very special for Patrick because ________.A．he was allowed to watch TV this morningB．he was dressed more carefully than beforeC．he would go shopping with his mother this morningD．he would get the result of the programme he was waiting for2．What did Patrick mean by saying “My trainers will be all right for another week”?A．He didn’t need a pair of new trainers at all.B．He wanted his mother to put off the shopping plan.C．He would like his mother to start off to buy the trainers.D．He had another pair of trainers which could last another week.3．How did Judith feel a bout Patrick’s requests?A．She felt happy with his request.B．She felt sad about his request.C．She felt surprised at his request.D．She was not satisfied with his request.4．What’s the best title for the passage?A．What to choose B．What to wearC．What to eat D．What to buyⅤ.书面表达19、书面表达生活中好友间也会因各种原因闹些小矛盾，当你与朋友间产生不愉快后，你会如何处理此类问题呢？请根据以下提示点谈谈你的想法。
2024届安徽省高三下学期考前模拟全真演练物理试题
2024届安徽省高三下学期考前模拟全真演练物理试题一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题我国玲龙一号（ACP100）为全球首个陆上商用小型模块化核反应堆，核反应方程为，其中X为（ ）A．H B．p C．n D．e第(2)题利用电磁打点计时器可形成驻波。
如图，连接电磁打点计时器的交流电源频率为50Hz，一条弹性绳左端连接电磁打点计时器的振片，右端过支架的P点挂一重物M。
振片的振动能在绳中形成向右传播的一列机械波，该波在P点反射后能产生向左传播的机械波，两列机械波的频率、振幅均相等，此时在绳中形成驻波，如图所示。
A、C质点始终静止不动，B、D质点振幅最大，其余各质点振幅依次变化，已知质点平衡位置间距离，E质点的平衡位置在A、B两质点的平衡位置之间。
时刻，D质点正处于波谷，下列说法正确的是（）A．两列波的波长均为2.4mB．两列波的波速均为120m/sC．时，E质点正位于平衡位置向上运动D．时，B质点正位于平衡位置向下运动第(3)题冬天的北方，人们常用狗拉雪橇，狗系着不可伸长的绳用与水平面成角的恒定拉力F，拉着质量为m的雪橇沿水平地面做匀速直线运动。
已知重力加速度大小为g，则雪橇受到地面的支持力和地面对雪橇的摩擦力的大小分别为（）A．，B．，C．，D．，第(4)题已知一列波某时刻的波动图象和某一点的振动图象如图所示，则（ ）A．甲是波动图象，波速是2 000 m/s B．甲是振动图象，波速是2 000 m/sC．乙是波动图象，波速是5 000 m/s D．乙是振动图象，波速是5 000 m/s第(5)题甲、乙两车在平直公路上同向行驶，其图像如图所示。
已知两车在时相遇，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A．甲车的加速度大小为B．时甲车的速度为31.5m/sC．的时间内甲发生的位移为80mD．在时，乙车在甲车前40m第(6)题墨子《墨经》中提到可以用斜面运输较重的东西，在日常生活中经常会使用斜面。
2024年安徽省皖北协作区高三一模全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)
2024年安徽省皖北协作区高三一模全真演练物理试题（基础必刷）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题如图所示为某稳压器的内部电路简图，其中线圈A、B、C、D的总匝数分别为，且匝数比，ab端输入交流电的电压为U，cd端接用户，滑片P可上下滑动。
不计能量损失，下列说法正确的是（）A．用户两端可获得的最高电压为U B．用户两端可获得的最低电压为UC．用户两端可获得的最高电压为D．用户两端可获得的最低电压为第(2)题如图所示，曲线为一带电粒子在匀强电场中运动的轨迹，虚线A、B、C、D为相互平行且间距相等的四条等势线，M、N、O、P、Q为轨迹与等势线的交点。
带电粒子从M点出发，初速度大小为，到达Q点时速度大小为v，则（ ）A．四条等势线中D的电势最高B．粒子从M到N和从O到P的速度变化量相同C．粒子从O到P和从P到Q的速度变化量相同D．如果粒子从Q点以与v相反、等大的速度进入电场，则粒子可能不会经过M点第(3)题甲、乙两车在同一平直公路上同向运动，两车的位置x随时间t的变化如图所示。
甲的图线是抛物线，乙的图线是直线。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A．t1时刻两车速度相等B．甲车一直在乙车的前面C．甲的加速度不断增大D．t1-t2的中间某时刻，甲乙相距最远第(4)题图甲为一列简谐横波在时刻的波形图，图中质点Q的纵坐标为。
图乙为质点Q的振动图像。
则下列说法正确的是（ ）A．该列波沿x轴的正方向传播B．质点Q的振动周期为2sC．该列波的传播速度为1.5m/sD．质点Q的振动方程为第(5)题如图甲所示，在同一介质中，波源分别为与的频率相同的两列机械波在时刻同时起振。
波源为的机械波振动图像如图乙所示。
波源为的机械波在时刚好传到处，且波的图像如图丙所示。
为介质中的一点，点距离波源与的距离分别是，。
则（ ）A．波的传播速度为B．波源为的机械波，振源起振方向沿轴负方向C．波源为的机械波，振源起振方向沿轴负方向D．点为振动加强点第(6)题一质点从时刻开始沿某一方向做直线运动，x表示物体运动的位移，其的图像如图所示，则（ ）A．质点做匀速直线运动，速度为2m/sB．质点做匀加速直线运动，加速度为2m/s2C．质点在第1s内的位移为4mD．质点在第1s内的平均速度为2m/s第(7)题2022年5月，我国成功完成了天舟四号货运飞船与空间站的对接，形成的组合体在地球引力作用下绕地球的运动可看作匀速圆周运动，组合体距地面的高度约为400km，地球同步卫星距地面的高度约为。
2023届安徽省合肥市高三下学期考前全真演练物理适应性练习全真演练物理试题(一)(基础必刷)
2023届安徽省合肥市高三下学期考前全真演练物理适应性练习全真演练物理试题（一）（基础必刷）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题在国际单位制（SI）中，下列物理量的单位不属于国际单位制（SI）基本单位的是（ ）A．米B．秒C．安培D．牛顿第(2)题如图，甲、乙两个单摆悬挂在同一水平天花板上，两摆球间用一根细线水平相连，两摆线与竖直方向的夹角θ1>θ2.，当细线突然断开后，两摆球都做简谐运动，以水平地板为参考面，可知（ ）A．甲摆的周期等于乙摆的周期B．甲摆球的最大重力势能等于乙摆球的最大重力势能C．甲摆球的最大速度小于乙摆球的最大速度D．甲摆球的机械能小于乙摆球的机械能第(3)题如图是一长软细绳，用手握住其一端上下抖动形成的某一时刻的部分波形，绳上a、b两点位置如图所示，相距l。
假设抖动频率不变，不考虑能量损失，根据上述信息能确定以下物理量值的是（ ）A．波长B．波速C．周期D．振幅第(4)题打弹珠是儿童常玩的游戏，某次游戏时，两个质量相等的弹珠1、2相距L，开始时静止在水平场地中，它们与水平地面之间的动摩擦因数均为μ，一个小朋友给弹珠1一个水平弹力使其获得水平速度，弹珠1与弹珠2发生弹性正碰后，弹珠2恰好能沿直线运动L的距离，重力加速度为g。
则弹珠2运动的时间为（ ）A．B．C．D．第(5)题某驴友吐槽自驾游新疆，6月29日17：00我赶到了喀什东边的英吉沙，在这里休息两天，然后想去和田。
但在导航和田时发现G315是不通的，理由是“315国道封路，已避开”。
如果按导航给我设计的新线路就要返回阿克苏，然后穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠，要多走约1000公里，而走315是直线，约400公里。
根据这位驴友的描述，下列说法正确的是（ ）A．6月29日17：00是时间间隔B．英吉沙到和田的位移大小约为400公里C．导航给驴友设计的新线路路程约为1000公里D．研究驴友驾车从英吉沙到和田的时间时，不能将汽车当作质点第(6)题矩形金属线圈abcd位于通电长直导线附近，通电长直导线中电流I的方向如图所示，线圈与导线在同一个平面内，线圈的ab、cd边与导线平行。
2024年安徽省皖北协作区高三一模全真演练物理试题(基础必刷)
2024年安徽省皖北协作区高三一模全真演练物理试题（基础必刷）学校：_______ 班级：__________姓名：_______ 考号：__________（满分：100分时间：75分钟）总分栏题号一二三四五六七总分得分评卷人得分一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题图1和图2中曲线分别描述了某物理量随分之间的距离变化的规律，为平衡位置。
现有如下物理量：①分子势能，②分子间引力，③分子间斥力，④分子间引力和斥力的合力，则曲线对应的物理量分别是（ ）A．①③②B．②④③C．④①③D．①④③第(2)题天体物理学中，通常利用观测到的环绕星的运动学量来推知中心星的质量。
一行星绕恒星做圆周运动，由天文观测可得，其运行周期为T，速度为v，引力常量为G，则恒星的质量为（ ）A．B．C．D．第(3)题下列关于直线运动的甲、乙、丙、丁四个图像的说法中，错误的是（ ）A．甲图中物体的加速度大小为B．乙图中所描述的物体在时段通过的位移为C．丙图中所描述的物体在时段速度的变化量为()D．若丁图中所描述的物体正在做匀加速直线运动，则该物体的加速度为第(4)题如图所示，两条曲线分别为一定质量的理想气体从某一状态A经等温过程或绝热过程体积由减小为的图，则下列说法中正确的是（ ）A．曲线1为等温过程B．等温过程中外界对气体做的功比绝热过程的多C．等温过程中气体从外界吸收热量D．两个过程的末态相比，绝热过程的末态气体在单位时间内与单位面积的器壁碰撞的次数多第(5)题某同学骑自行车时，地面对前轮的摩擦力为，对后轮的摩擦力为。
当他推自行车时，地面对前轮的摩擦力为，对后轮的摩擦力为（ ）A．与同向B．与同向C．与车前进方向相同D．与车前进方向相同第(6)题“复兴号”动车组用多节车厢提供动力，从而达到提速的目的。
总质量为的动车组在平直的轨道上行驶。
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多 有效降水 年 土壤供水 平 耗水量 均 需水量
小麦 117.27 8.06 125.33 533.98
水稻
玉米
173.69 207.54
马铃薯 233.10
大豆 198.91
油料作 物
107.97
合计 168.84
0.01Βιβλιοθήκη 2.275.24 0.98 12.87 4.14
173.70 209.82 238.34 199.89 120.84 172.98
该河段水系流域面积约13万平方千米，流域内平均降水量为375.3毫米/年。历 史上的辽金时期，这里曾经水草丰美、牲畜兴旺，现在该地不仅为重要的农 业区，同时矿产也得到进一步开发。近20年以来，该河流多次出现断流现象。
表一 A城市水文站的河流断流统计
时段
断流年数
1991-1995 1
断流天数 61
径流量（亿 m3)
6．我国的油菜种植区可分为冬油菜和春油菜两大区，其分界线大致为
A．一月0°C等温线
B．一月-8°C等温线
C．800mm年等降水量线 D．400mm年等降水量线
7．甲地开花日期
（）
A．早于同纬度其他地区 B．晚于同纬度其他地区
C．接近梅雨期
D．地势高开花迟
（）
宁夏平原是全国12 个重要商品粮基地之一。读平原农田水分平 衡表单位:（m m ）回答有关问题。注：有效降水是指自然降水 中实际补充到植物根层土壤水分的部分。
（2）答案：干旱影响农作物和牧草生长。（3分）大风使土 壤、植物的蒸发和蒸腾增强，造成农作物和牧草因失水干枯。 沙暴刮走土壤表土，造成流沙移动，埋没牧草，影响牲畜生 长。（4分）寒潮、冰雹、雪灾对农牧业危害严重。（或低温 冻害危害农作物和牧草生长）（3分）。
（3）答案：降水增多，入湖水量增加；（4分）随着全球变 暖，环湖地区气温升高，周围高山冰雪融水增多，使入湖河 流水量增加。（4分）采取了有效地生态治理措施，改善植被， 对青海湖水位上升起到积极作用。（4分）
951.85 604.25 549.96 556.18 474.55 669.92
水量平衡 -408.65 -778.15 -394.43 -311.62 -356.29 -353.71 -496.94
8.据表可知宁夏平原：
A.农田水分处于严重亏损状态 B.多年平均降水量约200mm
C.农业生产主要靠有效降水 D.油料作物的水分满足率高于大豆
2010年安徽卷全真模拟演练
80°)
3.甲民居屋顶结构有利于 （ ） A.预防潮湿 B.顺畅排水 C. 清除积雪 D.散热通风 4.形成甲乙两地民居景观差异的直接因素是 （ ） A. 海陆位置 B. 季风活动 C. 光照条件 D.水热条件
读中国各地油菜开花日期等 值线示意图，回答问题
5.6月份油菜开花的分布区域接 近（ ） A．干旱与半干旱区过渡地带 B．农业和牧业交错地带 C．暖温带与中温带过渡地带 D．季风区与非季风区过渡地 带
主要问题：工农业及生活用水紧张，影响工农业生产及人民生 活（2分）；水利设施功能丧失（2分）；加剧土地沙化导致生 态环境恶化（2分）。措施：调整农业结构，实行退耕还草（2 分）；发展节水农业(2分）；提高水资源利用率（2分）；针对 沙化地区进行小流域综合治理（2分）；实施跨流域调水工程， 可人工增雨作业（2分）等。答四点即可得8分。
9.为缓解宁夏平原农业水资源紧张的压力，应该
A.增加引黄灌溉的水量
B. 大力压缩玉米、小麦种植面积
C.以马铃薯、大豆的种植为主 D.以农业用水总量限定农业生产规模
在我国城乡转型进程中，农村由于人口非农业化转移带来“人走屋空”，新建住房向 外围扩展，用地规模不断扩大，原宅基地废弃、闲置，形成空心化现象。
10.农村劳动力大量短期外出打工，宅基地出现季节性闲置现象主要发生在（ ） A.出现期 B.成长期 C.兴盛期 D.衰退期 11.衰退期形成的主导因素是 （ ） A. 农村产业结构优化和个人意愿 B.经济收入差异和人口增长压力 C. 农村劳动力非农业化转移加快 D.村庄基础设施完善和耕地保护落实
12.读我国某河流（河段）流域示意图及相关资料，回答下列问题。
产，其生产环节见表2.
表2 涪陵青菜头生产环节示意表
生产环节
生产时间
气候
2.据表一简要说明20世纪90年代以来该河上游来水量的变化趋势，并解释其原因。 （10分)
上游来水量逐年减少（没有逐年不得分），甚至出现多年无 径流现象。（4分）降水量减少、蒸发量增加，上游水库的拦 蓄，上游工农业及生活用水增加。（6分）
3.简要说明该河段断流现象的延续将会产生的主要问题。并尝试提出解 决的措施。（14分）
13.根据材料和图，结合所学知识，回答下列问题。 自20世纪50年代以来，青海湖整体水位持续下降，湖泊面积不断缩小。近年的 监测数据显示，从2005年到2008年，青海湖面积不断扩大，2008年比2004 年增加了132平方千米。
（1）答案：与同纬度东部地区相比，该区域气温日较差大、 年较差小。（4分）海拔高，空气稀薄，白天太阳辐射强，气 温高；夜晚大气逆辐射弱，降温快；日较差大。（4分）地势 高，夏季地面气温低，冬季较少受寒潮影响（侵袭），年较 差小。（4分) （1）简述与我国同纬度东部地区相比，该区域气温日较差、 年较差特点，并分析原因。（12分）
（2）说明当地自然灾害对农业生产的影响。（10分）
（3）分析近年来青海湖面积不断扩大的原因。（12分）
14.阅读材料和图6，完成下列问题。
青（菜1头）是答制案作榨：菜秋的主季要温原暖料。湿重润庆涪，陵有（利106播°5种6′E；—1冬07季°43温′E，和，生 2长9°期21长′N—（30约°051个′N）月位）于；乌江春与季长江晴交朗汇少处，雨自，然环利境于非收常适获合。青菜（头6的分生）
9.62
1996-2000 5
817
4.43
2001-2007 7
2555
0
1.该流域所处地带在我国自然地理环境中有着多方面过渡性的特点。请至少 列出三项。
地处温带季风与大陆性气候区的过渡地带；（2分）地势第二 级阶梯向第三级阶梯过渡地带(2分）；温带森林带向温带草原 过渡地带（2分）；内流区向外流区过渡等。