2004年北京高考文言文阅读
2004年高考语文试题及答案详解(全国卷2)
2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题(全国卷之2)第I卷一、(18分，每小题3分)1.下面依次给出的加点字的注音，正确的一组是着想暂时和稀泥同仇敌忾A. zhu6 zhan he qiB. zhao zhan hu6 qiC. zhao zhan he kaiD. zhu6 zan huo kai2，下列词语中没有错别字的一组是A.蹂躏深邃急流勇退各行其事B.联袂赝品翻云复雨集思广益C.璀灿蛰伏明火执仗出奇制胜D.盘桓羸弱如法炮制别出心裁3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是①北京奥运会组委会宣布从2004年开始将先后新的会徽和吉祥物标志。
②如果没有过人生的酸甜苦辣，又怎么能真正懂得长辈们创业的艰难呢?③父亲虽然不是科班出身，但他在外国文学方面的造诣足以使专业人士。
A.起用体味侧目B.起用体验刮目C.启用体味刮目D.启用体验侧目4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用不恰当的一句是A.这些年每听到亲友去世的消息，总令我无比伤感，尤其是这回相濡以沫的老伴远行，对于我这个年已九十且神经衰弱的老人，真像天塌了一样。
B.这位文学老人被誉为“农民诗人”，他最善于在田间地头和锅台灶边捕风捉影，从普通百姓的日常小事中发现劳动之乐、生活之趣和人性之美。
C.从我国目前的实际情况看，“高薪”不一定能收到“养廉”的效果，因为贪官污吏本来就是欲壑难填，并不是因为收入维持不了生计才搞腐败的。
D.一项社会调查显示，现在很多中学生在学校里见到老师都能亲切问好，而见到烧锅炉的、打扫厕所的和食堂打饭的工人师傅，却都不屑一顾。
5.下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的一句是A.我们凤凰电视台不存在“阴盛阳衰”的现象。
“凤凰”这个词本来就是阴阳结合的：“凤”是雄鸟.“凰”是雌鸟;凤凰台台标也由两只鸟组成：一只公的，一只母的。
B.人的一生中有很多时候都少不了需要通过书面向别人介绍：“我是怎样一个人?”或“我有一个怎样的方案?”这样的问题，因此现代人有更多的理由需要学好作文。
2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文北京
2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文（北京卷）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷两部分。
第I卷1至3页，第II卷3至8页。
共1 50分。
考试时间150分钟。
第I卷（选择题共30分）一、(15分，每小题3分)1．下列各组词语中，加点的字读音全都相同的一组是A．秩序井然栉风沐雨卷帙浩繁独树一帜B．一泓清泉宏观调控曲肱而枕鸿鹄之志C．樯桅毗连议论精辟臧否人物嗜书成癖D．欣逢佳节歆慕不已万马齐喑馨香满院2．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是A．临摹变换莫测脉络融会贯通B．竣工仗义直言姆指荒谬绝伦C．影牒旁征博引辞书沓无音讯D．禆益湮没无闻坐落矫揉造作3．下列依次填入横线处的词语，恰当的一组是与常规的计算机相比，生物计算机具有密集度高的突出优点。
_______用DNA分子制成生物电子元件，将比硅芯片上的电子元件要小得多，________可小到几十亿分之一米。
_ ______，生物芯片本身具有天然独特的立体结构，其密度要比平面型硅集成电路高10万倍。
A．由于甚至所以B．只是也许可见C．如果甚至而且D．虽然也许然而4．下列句子中，加点成语使用恰当的一句是A．这些食品是交给奶奶保管的，可她并不是一个从长计议的人，常常领着我们将下一日的提前消耗掉，造成寅吃卯粮的局面。
B．这件事对我无异于晴天霹雳——一块珍藏多年价值连城的璧玉，顷刻变成一块一文不名的瓦片。
C．他最近出版了一本文不加点、几乎没有注释的旧体诗集子，这样的书，读起来确实累人。
D．早在30年代，他就因创作长篇小说《梦之音》而名噪一时，成为京派作家的后起之秀。
5．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A．曼城足球队要防曼联队“恐怖左翼”的重任，邓恩不行，贝尔马迪不行，赖特·菲利普斯更不行，只有孙继海行。
B．中纪委监察部的派驻机构要把加强监督作为第一位的职责，切实加强对领导干部的监督，防止权力失控、决策失误和行为失范。
C．由于技术水平太低，这些产品质量不是比沿海地区的同类产品低，就是成本比沿海的高。
断句——2004-2014北京高考真题教师版
2004年：阅读下面的文字，完成6－10题（15分，每小题3分）辛公义，陇西狄道人也。
公义早孤，为母氏所养，亲授书传。
周天和中，选良家子任太学生，以勤苦著称。
武帝时，召入露门学①，令受道义。
每月集御前令与大儒讲论，数被嗟异，时辈慕之。
从军平陈，以功除岷州刺史。
土俗畏病，若一人有疾，即合家避之，父子夫妻不相看养，孝义道绝，由是病者多死。
公义患之，欲变其俗。
因分遣官人巡检部内，凡有疾病，皆以床舆来，安置厅事②。
暑月疫时，病人或至数百，厅廊悉满。
公义亲设一榻，独坐其间，终日连夕，对之理事。
所得秩俸，尽用市药，为迎医疗之，躬劝其饮食，于是悉差，方召其亲戚而谕之曰：“死生由命，不关相着。
前汝弃之，所以死耳。
今我聚病者，坐卧其间，若言相染，那得不死，病儿复差！汝等勿复信之。
”诸病家子孙惭谢而去。
后人有遇病者，争就使君，其家无亲属，因留养之。
始相慈爱，此风遂革，合境之内呼为慈母。
后迁牟州刺史，下车，先至狱中，因露坐牢侧，亲自验问。
十余日间，决断咸尽，方还大厅。
受领新讼，皆不立文案，遣当直佐僚一人，侧坐讯问。
事若不尽，应须禁者，公义即宿厅事，终不还閤。
人或谏之曰：“此事有程，使君何自苦也！”答曰：“刺史无德可以导人，尚令百姓系于囹圄，岂有禁人在狱而心自安乎？”罪人闻之，咸自款服。
后有欲诤讼者，其乡闾父老遽相晓曰：“此盖小事，何忍勤劳使君。
”讼者多两让而止。
（《隋书·循吏传》）注：①露门学：古代学校的名称。
②厅事：官府办公的地方。
11．将下面文言文中画线的部分用斜线断句。
（5分）近塞上之人有善术者马无故亡而入胡人皆吊之其父曰此何遽不为福乎居数月其马将胡骏马而归人皆贺之其父曰此何遽不能为祸乎家富良马其子好骑堕而折其髀人皆吊之其父曰此何遽不为福乎居一年胡人大入塞丁壮者引弦而战近塞之人死者十九此独以跛之故父子相保故福之为祸祸之为福化不可极深不可测也①马无故亡而入胡人皆吊之②其马将胡骏马而归人皆贺之③家富良马其子好骑堕而折其髀④丁壮者引弦而战近塞之人死者十九⑤故福之为祸祸之为福化不可极深不可测也参考答案11、①马无故亡而入胡／人皆吊之②其马将胡骏马而归／人皆贺之③家富良马／其子好骑／堕而折其髀④丁壮者引弦而战／近塞之人死者十九⑤故福之为祸／祸之为福／化不可极／深不可测也2005年：阅读下面文言文，完成6—10题（15分，每小题3分）。
2004年高考语文试题及答案详解(全国卷2)
2004年高考语文试题及答案详解(全国卷2)参考答案一、(18分，每小题3分) 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5。
C 6.C二、(12分，每小题3分) 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A三、(12分，每小题3分) 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.D四、(18分)15.(8分) (1)郡中不产粮食，而海里出产珠宝，同交址接界，常常互相通商，购买粮食。
(2)隐居在偏远的湖泽，亲自种田做工。
邻县的士人民众仰慕他的道德.到他那里定居的有百余寡。
16.(6分) 诗中作者写了这样一个细节：家书将要发出时，又觉得有话要说，故“又开封”。
作者客居洛阳见秋风起，从而引起对家乡亲人无限的深切思念，所以又打开信封补写。
17.(4分) (1)学然后知不足(2)明月何时照我还(3)千古风流人物三国周郎赤壁五、(18分) 18.(4分) 通过作者的观感和想像把三幅画面有机地连接起来，他的所见所闻所思所感构成行文的线索。
19.(4分) 既要有宏观的把握，也要有身临其境的体察。
既要从空中飞过，也要从地上走过，这样才能真正了解所谓“西北高原”的意义。
在空中你可以得到一个概括的印象，在地上走过你才能切实地明白高原之所以为高原。
对西北高原的了解不是凭空可以想像的。
20.(6分) 江南的雪若“柳絮因风起”，带给人清灵俊逸的美感; 西北的雪似“空中撒盐”，带给人厚重、实在的感觉，它具有填平一切坎陷的力量，同时使人感到心境清凉而实在。
21.(4分) A E六、(12分)22.(4分) 例1。
古人类学研究人类起源和发展规律，例如化石猿猴和现代猿猴与人类的亲缘关系、劳动在从猿到人转变中的作用、人类发展过程中体质特征的变化和规律等。
它是人类学的一个分支学科。
例2.古人类学是人类学的一个分支学科，研究人类起源和发展规律。
例如化石猿猴和现代猿猴与人类的亲缘关系、劳动在从猿到人转变中的作用、人类发展过程中体质特征的变化和规律等。
23.(4分) 答案略。
2004年高考阅读(北京卷)
2004年高考阅读（北京卷）AThe Home of My PeopleWhen Lewis and Clark stepped onto the Weippe Prairie in present-day Idaho in September 1805, they met the Nez Perce Indians. In the following years, the white explorers began to fight with the Indians for their land. Some Nez Perce chiefs signed agreements with the U.S. government, selling part of their lands. But the government always broke those agreements and demanded more land.Other chiefs refused to go along with the government‟s plans. The most famous was Chief Joseph, whose people lived in the Wallowa Valley (present-day Oregon).“In order to have all people understand how much land we owned,”he once explained, “my father planted poles around it and said: …Inside is the home of my people... It circled around the graves(坟墓) of our fathers, and we will never give up these graves to any man.‟”But in 1874, the U.S. government declared the valley open for white settlement and ordered the Nez Perce onto a reservation(保留地). Seeing that resistance was useless, Chief Joseph agreed to move.Later, fighting broke out between the Nez Perce and U.S. soldiers. Chief Joseph tried to lead his people to Canada, winning several battles against the soldiers during their flight. But finally, he was forced to give in.56. Which historic site (on the map) lies in the south of today‟s Nez PerceReservation?A. Buffalo Eddy.B. Dug Bar.C. Joseph Canyon Viewpoint.D. Chief Looking Glass Camp.57. What can we learn about the Nez Perce lands from the map?A.They were in the state of Oregon.B.They have become a historic site.C.They have become much smaller.D.They were limited to the Wallowa Valley.58. From Paragraph 3, we know that the Indians wanted to .A.show off their landB.keep their landC.turn their place into a graveyardD.build their homes around the polesBIt was a warm April day when a big fat envelope came in the mail from the only college I had ever imagined attending. I tore open the packet. My eyed were fixed on the word “congratulations”. I don‟t remember ever smiling so wide.Then I looked at my financial package.The cost of Dream School‟s tuition(学费), room and board was around $40, 000—an impossible sum! How could I afford to attend? What good reasons did I have to go there when three other fine colleges were offering me free tuition? My other choices were good, solid schools even if they weren‟t as famous as my first choice.In my mind, attending my dream university would be the only way to realize my dream of becoming a world-class writer. My parents understood how I felt. They told me that even though it would be a financial problem, I could go wherever I would be happiest. But as I was always careful with money, I wasn‟t sure what to do.One of the schools that offered me a full ride had an informational dinner one night in the spring. Considering my parents‟ financial difficulties, I decided to drive the 45 minutes and attend. At first, all I had planned to do was smile politely, eat free food, listen quietly. But I surprised myself.At dinner the president of the university talked about the wonderful activities on campus including guest lectures and social gatherings. He also made it perfectly clear that free food would be offered at all future events. He continued with explanations of professors, class sizes, activities, and sporting events on campus. As he spoke, I began to realize that this school, though not as good as my first choice, might be the best one for me. It seemed small yet with many great programs. It seemed challenging yet caring.As the president ended his speech, we clapped politely and pushed back our chairs. As I walked out that door, a feeling of comfort washed over me. Looking at the campus that night, I realized that I would be spending the next four years right there.In all honesty, my university is not as well-known as my “dream”university. However, it turned out to be the right choice of schools for me.59. How did the author feel when he started to read the letter?A.He was full of joy.B.He was lost in his dream.C.He was worried about the money.D.He was uncertain which school to go to.60. We can learn from the passage that the parents were .A. honestB. strictC. supportiveD. decisive61. In Paragraph 5, “offered me a full ride” can be replaced by “_____”.A.would pay for transport to the schoolB.would show me around the campusC.would offer free meals at all eventsD.would charge me nothing for tuition62. What does the author mainly want to say?A.Your second-choice college may actually be your best fit.B.You should consider comfort in your choice of schools.C.You should try your best to attend your dream school.D.Your choice of schools should be based on their fame.CIt seems that some people go out of their way to get into trouble. That‟s more or less what happened the night that Nashville Police Officer Floyd Hyde was on duty.“I was on the way to a personal-injury accident in West Nashville. As I got onto Highway 40, blue lights and sirens(警笛) going, I fell in behind a gold Pontiac Firebird that suddenly seemed to take off quickly down the highway. The driver somehow panicked at the sight of me. He was going more than a hundred miles an hour and began passing cars on the shoulder.”But Hyde couldn‟t go after him. Taking care of injured people is always more important than worrying about speeders, so the officer had to stay on his way to the accident. But he did try to keep the Firebird in sight as he drove, hoping another nearby unit would be able to step in and stop the speeding car. As it turned out, keeping the Firebird in sight was not that difficult. Every turn the Pontiac made was the very turn the officer needed to get to the accident scene.Hyde followed the Pontiac all the way to his destination(目的地). At that point he found another unit had already arrived at the accident scene. His help wasn‟t needed. Now he was free to try to stop the driver of the Firebird, who by this time had developed something new to panic about.“Just about that time,”Hyde says, “I saw fire coming out from under that car, with blue smoke and oil going everywhere. He‟d blown his engine. Now he had to stop.”“After I arrested him, I asked him why he was running. He told me he didn‟t have a driver‟s license.”That accident cost the driver of the Firebird plenty—a thousand dollars for the new engine—not to mention the charges for driving without a license, attempting to run away, and dangerous driving.63. The meaning of “panicked” in Paragraph 2 is related to _____.A. shameB. hateC. angerD. fear64. Why did the driver of the Firebird suddenly speed down the highway?A.Because he was racing with another driver on the road.B.Because he realized he had to hurry to the accident scene.C.Because he thought the police officer wanted to stop him.D.Because he wanted to overtake other cars on the shoulder.65. Which of the following statements is true?A.Someone else was taking care of the injured person.B.The Pontiac reached its destination at the accident scene.C.Hyde knew where he was going by following the right car.D.The policeman was running after a speeder on Highway 40.66. The driver of the Firebird _____.A.took a wrong turn on the wayB.had some trouble with his carC.was stopped by the police officerD.paid for the expenses of the accident67. What is probably the best title for the article?A. Losing His Way?B. Going My Way?C. Fun All the Way?D. Help on the Way?DGrown-ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding?To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bower designed a method for projecting and optical illusion(视觉影像) of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out and touch, and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements. All the 16-to-24-week-old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there.Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land?Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16-week-old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experimenter took the train off the table and lifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The researcher substituted(替换) a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The 22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week-old babies did not seem to notice the switch(更换). Thus, the 16-week-old babies don‟t have a sense of “something permanence”, while the 22-week-old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object.68. The passage is mainly about .A.babies‟ sense of sightB.effects of experiments on babiesC.babies‟ understanding of objectsD.different tests on babies‟ feelings69. In Paragraph 3, “object permanence”means that when out of sight, an object_____.A. still existsB. keeps its shapeC. still stays solidD. is beyond reach70. What did Bower use in his experiments?A. A chair.B. A screen.C. A film.D. A box.71. Which of the following statements is true?A.The babies didn‟t have a sense of direction.B.The older babies preferred toy trains to balls.C.The younger babies liked looking for missing objects.D.The babies couldn‟t tell a ball from its optical illusion.EHow Long Can People Live?She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121st birthday.When it comes to long life, Jeanne Calment is the world‟s record holder. She lived to the ripe old age of 122. So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span(寿命)? If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150—or beyond?Researchers don‟t entirely agree on the answers. “Calment lived to 122, so it wouldn‟t surprise me if someone alive today reached 130 or 135,” says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas.Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees. “People can live much longer than we think,”he says. “Experts used to say that humans couldn‟t live past 110. When Calment blew past that age, they raised the number to 120. So why can‟t we go higher?”The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that it‟s all just guessing. “Anyone can make up a number,”says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan. “Usually the scientist who picks the highest number gets his name in Time magazine.”Won‟t new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centuries? Any cure, says miller, for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 120. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span of mice by 50 percent at most. So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller, “adding another 50 percent would get you to 120.”So what can we conclude from this little disagreement among the researchers? That life span is flexible(有弹性的), but there is a limit, says George Martin of the University of Washington. “We can get flies to live 50 percent longer,” he says. “But a fly‟s never going to live 150 years.” Of course, if you became a new species, one that ages at a slower speed, that would be a different story, he adds.Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve(进化)their way to longerlife? “It‟s pretty cool to think about,” he says with a smile.72. What does the story of Jeanne Calment prove to us?A. People can live to 122.B. Old people are creative.C. Women are sporty at 85.D. Women live longer than men.73. According to Steve Austad at the University of Texas, _____.A.the average human life span could be 110B.scientists cannot find ways to slow agingC.few people can expect to live to over 150D.researchers are not sure how long people can live74. Who would agree that a scientist will become famous if he makes the wildestguess at longevity?A. Jerry Shay.B. Steve Austad.C. Rich Miller.D. George Martin.75. What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?A.Most of us could be good at sports even at 120.B.The average human life span cannot be doubled.C.Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before.D.New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species.56—60 DCBAC 61—65 DADCA 66—70 BBCAB 71—75 DADCB。
2004年高考语文试题及答案详解(全国卷2)
2004年高考语阅读下面一段文言文，完成11—14 题。
鲁定公问于颜回曰：“子亦闻东野毕之善御乎?”对曰：“善则善矣，虽然，其马将必佚。
”定公色不悦，谓左右曰：“君子固有诬人也。
”颜回退。
后三日，牧来诉之曰：“东野毕之马佚，两骖曳两服入于厩。
”公闻之，越席而起，促驾召颜回。
回至，公曰：“前日寡人问吾子以东野毕之御，而子曰…善则善矣，其马将佚‟，不识吾子奚以知之?”颜回对曰：“以政知之。
昔者帝舜巧于使民，造父巧于使马。
舜不穷其民力，造父不穷其马力。
是以舜无佚民，造父无佚马。
今东野毕之御也，升马执辔，衔体正矣;步骤驰骋，朝礼毕矣;历险致远，马力尽矣，然而犹乃求马不已。
臣以此知之。
”公曰：“善，诚若吾子之言也。
吾子之言，其义大矣，愿少进乎?”颜回曰：“臣闻之，鸟穷则啄，兽穷则攫，人穷则诈，马穷则佚。
自古及今，未有穷其下而能无危者也。
”公悦，遂以告孔子。
孔子对曰：“夫其所以为颜回者，此之类也。
岂足多哉!” (选自《孔子家语·颜回》)11.对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是A .君子固有诬人也固：原来B .昔者帝舜巧于使民巧：灵巧C .是以舜无佚民是：此;这D .岂足多哉多：称赞12 .下列各组句子中，加点的词的意义和用法不相同的一组是13 .下列对鲁定公由“不悦”转而为“悦”的原因的分析，正确的一项是A .颜回的话在政事方面给鲁定公以有益的启示。
B .颜回能公正地评价东野毕的驭术。
C .颜回详尽地分析了“马穷则佚”的原因。
D ，颜回准确地预测了东野毕“马将佚”。
14 .下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括，正确的一项是A .鲁定公开始认为颜回对东野毕有偏见，后来，在掌管畜牧的官员的进谏下，他改变了自己的看法。
B .颜回认为东野毕的驭马技能虽然比较高明，但他同造父一样，都远未达到尽善尽美的境地。
C .颜回认为，不管是驭马，还是使民，都要持之有方，否则就会产生严重的后果。
D .鲁定公心悦诚服地向孔子转述了颜回的话，孔子分析了颜回之所以成为颜回的心理原因。
2004年全国高考语文试题及答案-北京卷
2004年普通高等学校夏季招生考试语文北京卷一、选择题 ( 本大题共 5 题, 共计 15 分)1、(3分)1.下列各组词语中，加点的字读音全都相同的一组是………………（）A.秩序井然栉风沐雨卷帙浩繁独树一帜B.一泓清泉宏观调控曲肱而枕鸿鹄之志C.樯桅毗连言论精辟臧否人物嗜书成癖D.欣逢佳节歆慕不已万马齐喑馨香满院2、(3分)2.下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是……………………………（）A.临摹变换莫测脉络融会贯通B.竣工仗义直言姆指荒谬绝伦C.影牒旁征博引辞书沓无音讯D.裨益湮没无闻坐落矫揉造作3、(3分)3.下列依次填入横线处的词语，恰当的一组是………………………（）与常规的计算机相比，生物计算机具有密集度高的突出优点。
用DNA分子制成生物电子元件，将比硅芯片上的电子元件要小得多，可小到几十亿分之一米。
，生物芯片本身具有天然独特的立体化结构，其密度要比平面型硅集成电路高10万倍。
A.由于甚至所以B.只是也许可见C.如果甚至而且D.虽然也许然而4、(3分)4.下列句子中，加点成语使用恰当的一句是…………………………（）A.这些食品是交给姐姐保管的，可她并不是一个从长计议的人，常常领着我们将下一日的提前消耗掉，造成寅吃卯粮的局面。
B.这件事对我无异于晴天霹雳——一块珍藏多年价值连城的璧玉，顷刻变成一块一文不名的瓦片。
C.他最近出版了一本文不加点、几乎没有注释的旧体诗集子，这样的书，读起来确实累人。
D.早在30年代，他就因创作长篇小说《梦之音》而名噪一时，成为京派作家的后起之秀。
5、(3分)5.下列句子中，没有语病的一句是……………………………………（）A.曼城足球队要防曼联队“恐怖左翼”的重任，邓恩不行，贝尔马迪不行，赖特·菲利普斯更不行，只有孙继海行。
B.中纪委监察部的派驻机构要把加强监督作为第一位的职责，切实加强对领导干部的监督，防止权力失控、决策失误和行为失范。
C.由于技术水平太低，这些产品质量不是比沿海地区的同类产品低，就是成本比沿海的高。
2004年高考语文试题及答案详解(全国卷2)
23．请拟一条以“公民义务献血”为内容的公益广告词。要求主题鲜明，感情真挚，构思新颖，语言简明。(在10~20个字之间)(4分)
24．下面都是春联的上联，请选择其中一题对出下联。(4分)
第一题
春晖盈大地 科学能致富
那里的河流，确已经干了，但风沙还是熟悉的。屋顶上的炊烟不见了，灶下做饭的人，也早已不在。老屋顶上长着很高的草，破漏不堪。村人故旧，都指点着说：“这一家人，都到外面去了，不再回来了。”
我越来越思念我的故乡，也越来越尊重我的故乡。前不久，我写信给一位青年作家说：“写文章得罪人，是免不了的。但我甚不愿因为写文章，得罪乡里。遇有此等情节，一定请你提醒我注意!”
21．下列对这篇散文的赏析，正确的两项是(4分)【 】【 】
A．“梦中每迷还乡路，愈知晚途念桑梓”，这两句诗，使人不禁自然联想到李白“思归若汾水，无日不悠悠”。
B．文章以诗开头，从梦境写起，娓娓道来，情真意切，特别是对“文化大革命”后两次回老家的描写，把对老家的思念置于社会的大背景中，使主题得以深化。
第二题
国兴旺家兴旺国家兴旺
我是从十二岁离开故乡的。但有时出来，有时回去，老家还是我固定的窠巢，游子的归宿。中年以后，则在外之日多，居家之日少，且经战乱，行居无定。及至晚年，不管怎样说和如何想，回老家去住，是不可能的了。
是的，从我这一辈起，我这一家人，就要流落异乡了。人对故乡，感情是难以割断的，而且会越来越萦绕在意识的深处，形成不断的梦境。
那两次回去，一次是陪伴一位正在相爱的女人，一次是和这位女人不睦之后。第一次，我们在村庄的周围走了走，在田头路边坐了坐，蘑菇也采过，柴禾也拾过。第二次，我一个人，看见亲人丘陇，故园荒废，触景生情，心情很坏，不久就回来了。
2004年高考文言文阅读题汇编.doc
2004年高考文言文阅读题汇编目录1、全国卷I 节选自《后汉书·孟尝传》2、全国卷II 《欧阳文忠公集·桑怿传》3、全国卷III 《晋书·吴隐之传》4、全国卷IV 《汉书·疏广传》5、天津卷《三国志·魏书，曹彰传》6、上海卷7、重庆卷《新唐书·列传·忠义》8、江苏卷《宋史·徐绩传》9、浙江卷10、福建卷11、湖北卷12、湖南卷13、广东卷14、辽宁卷15、北京卷16、北京卷（春季）一、全国卷I （安徽、河南、河北、山东）阅读下面一段文言文，完成11—14题。
孟尝字伯周，会稽上虞人也。
少修操行，仕郡为户曹史。
上虞有寡妇至孝，养姑。
姑年老，夫娣先怀嫌忌，乃诬厌苦供养，加鸩其母，列讼县庭。
郡不加寻察，遂结竟其罪。
尝先知，备言之于太守，太守不为理。
尝哀泣外门，因谢病去，妇竟冤死。
自是郡中连旱二年，祷所获。
后太守殷丹到官，访问其故，尝诣府具陈寡妇冤诬之事。
因曰：“昔东海孝妇，感天致旱，于公一言，甘泽时降。
宜戮讼者，以谢冤魂，庶幽枉获申，时雨可期。
”丹从之，即刑讼女妇墓，天应澍雨，谷稼以登。
尝后策孝廉，举茂才，拜徐令。
州郡表其能，迁合浦大守。
郡不产谷实,而海出珠宝,与交址比境,常通商贩,贸籴粮食。
先时宰守并多贪秽，诡人采求，不极，珠遂渐徙于交耻郡界。
于是行旅不至，人物无资，贫者饿死于道。
尝到官，革易前敝，病利。
曾未逾岁，去珠复还，百姓皆反其业，商货流通，称为神明。
以病自上，被征当还，吏车请之。
尝既不得进，乃载乡民船衣遁去。
隐处穷泽，身自耕佣。
邻县士民慕其德，就居止者百余家。
桓帝时，尚书同郡杨乔上书荐曰：“尝安仁弘义，耽乐道德，清行出俗，能干绝群。
前更守宰，移风改政，去珠复还，饥民蒙活。
且南海多珍，财产易积，掌握之内，价盈兼金，而尝单身谢病，躬耕垄次，匿景藏采，不扬华藻。
臣不敢苟私乡曲，窃感禽息2，亡身进贤。
”尝竟不见用，年七十，卒于家。
2004年高考语文全国卷3
2004年全国普通高考语文试题全国卷（3）《汉书•疏广传》疏广字仲翁，东海兰陵人也。
少好学，明《春秋》，家居教授，学者自远方至。
征为博士太中大夫。
地节三年，立皇太子，选丙吉为太傅，广为少傅。
数月，吉迁御史大夫，广徙为太傅。
广兄子受字公子，亦以贤良举为太子家令。
受好礼恭谨，敏而有辞。
宣帝幸太子宫，受迎谒应对，及置酒宴，奉觞上寿，辞礼闲(娴)雅，上甚欢说(悦)。
顷之，拜受为少傅。
太子外祖父特进平恩侯许伯以为太子少，白使其弟中郎将舜监护太子家。
上以问广，广对曰：“太子国储副君，师友必于天下英俊，不宜独亲外家许氏。
且太子自有太傅少傅，官属已备，今复使舜护太子家，视(示)陋，非所以广太子德于天下也。
”上善其言，以语丞相魏相，相免冠谢曰：“此非臣等所能及。
”广繇(由)是见器重，数受赏赐。
太子每朝，因进见，太傅在前，少傅在后。
父子并为师傅，朝廷以为荣。
在位五岁，皇太子年十二，通《论语》、《孝经》。
广谓受曰：“吾闻‘知足不辱，知止不殆’，‘功遂身退，天之道’也。
今仕官至二千石，宦成名立，如此不去，惧有后悔，岂如父子相随出关，归老故乡，以寿命终，不亦善乎？”受叩头曰：“从大人议。
”即日父子俱移病。
满三月赐告，广遂称笃，上疏乞骸骨。
上以其年笃老，皆许之，加赐黄金二十斤，皇太子赠以五十斤。
公卿大夫敌人邑子设祖道，供张(帐)东都门外，送者车数百两(辆)，辞决而去。
及道路观者皆曰：“贤哉二大夫！”或叹息为之下泣。
广既归乡里，日令家共(供)具设酒食，请族人故旧宾客，与相娱乐。
数问其家金余尚有几所，趣(促)买以共(供)具。
居岁余，广子孙窃谓其昆弟老人广所爱信者曰：“子孙几(冀)及君时颇立产业基阯。
今日饮食费且尽。
宜从丈人所，劝说君买田宅。
”老人即以闲暇时为广言此计，广曰：“吾岂老悖不念子孙哉？顾自有旧田庐，令子孙勤力其中，足以共(供)衣食，与凡人齐。
今复增益之以为赢余，但教子孙怠惰耳。
贤而多财，则损其志；愚而多财，则益其过。
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境之内呼为慈母。
全岷州的人都称呼公义为慈母。
后迁牟州刺史，下车，先至狱中，因露坐牢侧，亲自验问。十余日间， 决断咸尽，方还大厅。受领新讼，皆不立文案，遣当直佐僚一人，侧坐 讯问。事若不尽，应须禁者，公义即宿厅事，终不还閤。人或谏之曰：
坐在旁边审问。如果案件没有及时审结，仍须暂时收监的，公义就住在审案办公的地方， 始终不回家。有人劝谏他说： 积案差不多审结完了，这才回到刺史府大堂办公。凡是新一人， 公义后来升迁为牟州刺史。刚一到任，先视察监狱积案。自己就在牟州牢房旁边的院子里办公， 亲自审问案犯。十多天里，
时，病人或至数百，厅廊悉满。公义亲设一榻，独坐其间，终日连夕， 对之理事。所得秩俸，尽用市药，为迎医疗之，躬劝其饮食，于是悉 差，方召其亲戚而谕之曰：“死生由命，不关相着。前汝弃之，所以
这样病人差不多都治愈了。到这时，公义才召来病人的父母亲属告示他们说：“人的死生是由命运决 定的，和亲人得病没有多少关系，以前你们的亲人一旦得病你们就抛弃他，所以病人只有等死罢了。 公义自己每月的薪酬全都用来给病人买药。为病人请医生诊病治疗，亲自给病人喂饭喂药， （鼓励他们树立战胜疾病的信心）， 当时正值暑天，疾病暴发，病人有时多达数百人，大堂甚至走廊全都安置了病人。公义给自己在厅 堂上安置一榻，就在此办公休息，夜以继日。
“此事有程，使君何自苦也！”答曰：“刺史无德可以导人，尚令百姓
系于囹圄，岂有禁人在狱而心自安乎？”
那里有百姓被关在狱中而刺史却心安理得的呢？
“审理案件有程序，使君何必这样自讨苦吃呢？”公义回答说：“我无德无才，不能 教化百姓向善，仍让百姓受牢狱之灾，
罪人闻之，咸自款服。后有欲诤讼者，其乡闾父老遽相晓 曰：“此盖小事，何忍勤劳使君。”讼者多两让而止。 （《隋书· 循吏传》） 注：①露门学：古代学校的名称。 办公的地方。 ②厅事：官府
辛公义，陇西狄道人也。公义早孤，为母氏所养，
辛公义是陇西狄道人。公义很小就失去了父亲，由母亲抚养，
亲授书传。周天和中，选良家子任太学生，以勤苦著称。 武帝时，召入露门学①，令受道义。每月集御前令与大
北周武帝时，辛公义受朝庭征召进入露门学，这使他接受了更深地道义熏陶。 母亲亲自教授儿子读书识礼。北周天和年间，朝庭选拔清白人家的子 弟入太学学习。公义在太学学习期间因勤奋刻苦而受人称道。
6．对下列句子中红字体词语的解释，不正确的一项是 A．数被嗟异 数：多次 B．以功除岷州刺史 除：授予官职 C．尽用市药 市：买 D．讼者多两让而止 两：再次 【解说】 此题答案为D。“两”，双方，两方，“双方施行”，作状 语。
7．下列各组句子中，红字体的词意义和用法相同的一组是 A．为母氏所养 身死人手，为天下笑者，何也 B．若一人有疾，即合家避之 若入前为寿，寿毕，请以剑舞 C．因留养之 因宾客至蔺相如门谢罪 D．岂有禁人在狱而心自安乎 王之好乐甚，则齐其庶几乎
儒讲论，数被嗟异，时辈慕之。
当时武帝每月都召集辛公义与大儒们在御前讲学论道，辛公义的学识常常 为大儒所叹服，被认为是奇才，同辈也都很敬慕他。
从军平陈，以功除岷州刺史。土俗畏病，若一人有疾，即合家避之，
辛公义从军平定陈国。因战功被授予岷州刺史。岷州当地的习俗畏惧人得病，一个人一旦有了 病，全家就都躲避他。
父子夫妻不相看养，孝义道绝，由是病者多死。公义患之，欲变其俗。
即使父子、夫妻之间也不尽互相侍侯照料的责任，孝义之道全都断绝。因此病人很多都死掉了。 公义对此深感忧虑，打算改变这种陋习。
因分遣官人巡检部内，凡有疾病，皆以床舆来，安置厅事②。暑月疫
于是分派部下巡视检查岷州各地，凡有得病的，都用床抬到刺史府内，安置在刺史办公的大堂上。
死耳。
今我聚病者，坐卧其间，若言相染，那得不死，病儿复差！
现在我把得病的人都聚集在一起，我自己早晚坐卧在病人之间，如果说传染的话， 那我怎么能不死呢？病人又怎么能痊愈呢？
汝等勿复信之。”诸病家子孙惭谢而去。后人有遇病者，争 就使君，其家无亲属，因留养之。始相慈爱，此风遂革，合
争相到刺史府找辛公义，病人在岷州当地无亲属的，公义就收养他们。人与人互相之间慈爱的 风气开始形成。而畏惧病人的陋习遂得以革除。 你们再也不要相信惧怕病人的陋习了。”那些病人的子孙亲属都满面惭愧，道谢后离 开。这以后岷州地方人有得病的，
那些有罪的人听到这番话，都诚心服罪。以后再有要打官司的人，乡间德高望重的父老就立 即告诫他们说：
“这点小事，你们怎么忍心辛劳使君大人。”想要打官司的人很多就相互忍让体谅从而停止诉讼。
2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试北京卷文言文 节选自《隋书· 循吏传》。循吏，即奉职守法的官吏。《史 记· 太史公自序》：奉法循理之吏，不伐功矜能，百姓无称， 亦无过行。循吏在史书中是与滥用刑法残虐百姓的酷吏相 对的，正如廉吏之于墨吏相对一样。但后代史书中表彰的 “循吏”已与太史公的说法有异，实指“循良”，即指官 吏守法而有治绩者。辛公义属封建官吏中忠于职守者，为 官一任，遗惠一方。
8．下列各句括号中补出的省略成分，不正确的一项是 A．（母氏）亲授书传 B．（辛公义）以勤苦著称 C．（遇病者）争就使君 D．（辛公义）侧坐讯问
【解说】 此题答案为D项。“侧坐讯问”的是辛公义派去值班的助手， 而不是辛公义本人。 原文“遣当直佐僚一人，侧坐讯问。”
9．下列句子编为四组，全都直接写辛公义勤政爱民的一组是 ①以勤苦著称 ②公义患之，欲变其俗 ③所得秩俸，尽用市药 ④其家无亲属，因留养之 ⑤因露坐牢侧，亲自验问 ⑥罪人闻之，咸自款服 A．①②④ B．③④⑤ C．④⑤⑥ D．①②③ 【解说】 此题答案为B组。A组D组中的①没有“直接写”（动作、行为、 语言、表情）“辛公义勤政爱民”；A组D组中的②“欲变其俗”， 只是打算，没有实践；C组中的⑥罪人的反应，属于侧面反映， 没有辛公义的行为。
【解说】 此题答案为A组。两个“为”都读作“wéi”，介词，表被动，可译为 “被”。其余，B组前一个“若”，假设连词“如果”；后一个“若”， 单数第二人称代词“你”，指代项庄（《鸿门宴》）。C组前一个 “因”，表承接关系的连词“于是，就”；后一个“因”，介词， “通过，经由”（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）。D组前一个“乎”，句末疑 问语气词，“吗，么”；后一个“乎”，句末表示揣测的语气词，