初中被动语态讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中英语被动语态讲解
初中英语被动语态讲解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the worldEnglish is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。
3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。
初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)
被动语态专题◆定义语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
◆被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词◆被动语态的时态：“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。
请看下表：◆主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。
第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。
第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。
第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。
)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。
请对比下面的主动句和被动句：主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充：①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。
若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。
用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring …….用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook ……随堂演练：（1）He gave me a book.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)（2）My father bought me a new bike.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)②S+ V+ O+ OC带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的结构变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。
初中中的被动语态用法详解
初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。
初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。
本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。
be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。
过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。
例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。
）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。
例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。
例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。
）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。
例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。
）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。
）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。
初中英语语法——被动语态
初中英语语法——被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。
具体结构见下表：[注]p.p.表示过去分词。
(1) 被动语态的用法：①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：A man was killedin the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A petdog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2)主动语态如何改写为被动语态：+ 状语+ 状语(动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者)(3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
初中英语被动语态讲解及练习
初中英语被动语态讲解及练习一、什么是被动语态？被动语态是英语中的一种动词形式，用于表示句子的主语是动作的承受者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中，主语通常是动作的接受者，而动作的执行者则成为谓语动词的宾语。
二、被动语态的结构被动语态由助动词be（am, is, are, was, were）+及物动词的过去分词构成。
例如：原句：The boy kicked the ball.被动句：The ball was kicked by the boy.原句：They are eating the cake.被动句：The cake is being eaten by them.三、被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者是谁时，常常使用被动语态。
例如：The book was written in 2005.（这本书是2005年写的。
）The window has been broken.（窗户已经被打破了。
）2. 当动作的执行者已经知道或不需要强调时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：English is spoken all over the world.（英语在世界各地都被使用。
）The car was repaired by the mechanic.（这辆车是由机修工修理的。
）3. 当我们想要强调动作的接受者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The cake was eaten by Tom.（这块蛋糕是汤姆吃掉的。
）The book was read by all the students.（这本书被所有学生读过。
）四、被动语态的时态和语态转换1. 一般现在时的被动语态被动语态的一般现在时由am/is/are + 过去分词构成。
例如：原句：They build a house.（他们造了一座房子。
）被动句：A house is built by them.（一座房子被他们造了。
）2. 一般过去时的被动语态被动语态的一般过去时由was/were + 过去分词构成。
初中被动语态详细讲解
被动语态专题讲解一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。
正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English 是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
三．被动语态的句型肯定句：主语+be+动词过去分词否定句：主语+be+not+动词过去分词一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词过去分词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词过去分词四．各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am／is／are＋动词过去分词Cars are made by them.一般过去时：was／were＋动词过去分词The MP3 was bought by my father.一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋动词过去分词The bridge will be completed in ten days.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋动词过去分词Is the bike being mended now?过去进行时：was／were being＋动词过去分词The dinned was being cooked.现在完成时：have／has been＋动词过去分词The meeting has been put off.过去完成时：had been＋动词过去分词Many old houses had been pulled down by the end of last year.过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋动词过去分词Trees would be cut down.注：被动语态没有完成进行时，也没有将来进行时，如果有这类时态的主动结构，要变为被动结构，可用完成时态和一般时态。
初中英语被动语态讲解以及总结练习
适用文档初中被动语态语法解说(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。
如：Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.( 主动) Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.( 被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要表此刻be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完整同样。
以give为例，列表以下：一般此刻时：am/is/are+done一般过去时：was/were+done一般未来时：shall/will+bedone一般过去未来时：should/would+bedone此刻进行时：am/is/are+being+done过去进行时：was/were+being+done此刻达成时：have/has+been+done过去达成时：had+been+done未来达成时：shall/ will+havebeen+done过去未来达成时：should/would+havebeen+done［注］被动语态没有未来进行时和过去未来进行时。
(三)常有的八种时态中的被动语态一般此刻时：(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry. Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateach er. Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.一般过去时：(1)Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth. Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.(2)Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily. Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten一般未来时：(1)Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Carswillbesentabroadbysea.(2)Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers. Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.过去未来时：(1)Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear. Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear. Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Theworker stoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.5.此刻进行时：文案大全适用文档(1)TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons. Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted.6.过去进行时：(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroad.Theroadwasbeingmended.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere. Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.此刻达成时：(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff. Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.Hisbookhasbeenbroughthere.过去达成时：(1)WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets. WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout. Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleade r.Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader(四）含有神态动词的被动语态：含有神态动词的被动语态是由“神态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”组成。
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初中被动语态讲解 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN被动语态一．概念：英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
例：1. They make trains in Xi’an. >> Trains are made in Xi’an by them.2.Xm beats Xx evey day. >> Xx is beaten by Xm every day.二．构成be + done (p.p.--及物动词的过去分词）一般现在时—— am／is ／are + v.p.p.一般过去时—— was／were +v.p.p.一般将来时—— will be／be going to be + v.p.p.过去将来时——would be/was,were going to be + v.p.p现在进行时——am/is/are being + v.p.p.过去进行时——was/were being+ v.p.p.现在完成时—— have/has +been+ v.p.p情态动词—— aux.v. (must／can／could／may…) + be + v.p.p.三．被动语态的使用1. 当我们不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时；例：1. His car was stolen last night.2. Basketball is played in most countries.2. 动作的承受者是谈话的中心（常由by引起）例：1. A lot of articles (that) we have learned were written by Lu Xun.四．不用被动语态的情况1. 某些及物动词+ adv表主动，特别是后加副词（如well， easily等）时。
主动语态有被动含义，这类动词常见的有sell，write，wear，wash，photograph, clean, cook, cut 例：1. This book sells well.2.Your pen writes really well/smoothly.3.This dress (that) my mom bought for me wears well4.She does not photograph well.5.The cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft.句子是主谓结构时，不用被动语态。
常见的谓语动词有：happen, take place,(dis)appear, rise,break out, come about, come true, come out, run out, turn out例：1. A traffic accident happened just now.2. Great changes are taking place in my hometown.3. He disappears.4. When a gay person comes out, they let people know that he is a gay.3. 连系动词无被动：感官系动词：look、feel、sound、smell、taste “表变化的系动词”：become、grow、turn、fall、get “表保持的系动词”：keep, reamain, stay ④ prove + 形容词，名词或不定式五．注意1.使役动词(make, have, let) 和感官动词 (see, watch, notice, hear, find) 后跟省略了to的动词不定式, 但在被动语态中必须还原to。
例：1. We noticed a stranger enter the classroom. >> A stranger was noticed to enter the classroom.2.We heared him sing that morning. >> He was heared to sing that morning.3.They found him steal a necklace from a shop. >> He was found to steal a necklacefrom...注意：这些感官动词在中考中会出现其后跟doing的备选项，其意义为“看到，听到，发现，注意到某人正在做某事）2. 含双宾语的被动语态：直接宾语（物）和间接宾语（人）主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；例：1. He gave a book to me.>>> I was given a book by him.2. He bought a gift for me.>>> I was bought a gift by him.②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。
例：1. He gave a book to me.>>> A book was given to me by him2.He bought a gift for me.>>> A gift was bought for me by him.3.有些不及物动词加介词构成“及物动词短语”，变成被动语态时注意不能丢掉介词例：look after, look at, take care of, take a photo of， laugh at , be used for1. He looks after his sister. >>> His sister is looked after by him.2. We must take good care of our children. >>> Our children must be taken good care of.3. I will take a photo of you. >>> You will be taken a photo of by me.现在完成时被动语态【学习目标】1.现在完成时被动语态的结构 2. 现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3．使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【课前预习】现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“ have + been + 动词过去分词”。
试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构：主动：He has repaired the machine for two hours. （他修理这台机器已有两小时了）被动： The machine has been repaired for two hours. （这台机器已修了两小时了）2. 主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books. （老师把那些书借走了）被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. （那些书被老师借走了）【本课重点】一、现在完成时被动语态的构成1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：由“have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：Two windows have been broken．两个窗子被打破了。
2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式：由“have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：The car has not been repaired．这辆汽车还没有修好。
3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式：由“Have ／Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：①─Has her work been finished她的工作完成了吗─Yes，it has．是的，完成了。
②─Have the cars been repaired这些汽车修好了吗─No，they haven't．不，还没有。
现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式：由“疑问词＋have／has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：How long has her work been finished她的工作完成有多久了Who has been helped by the new computer谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助How many new words have been learned by the students这些学生已经学会了多少单词二、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法1．表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。
例如：The door has been locked．门被锁上了。
（结果是现在没有人能进去）2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long．．．句型中。
例如：They have been told about it for many times．有人告诉他们这事很多次了。
（可能还会有人告诉他们） How long has the machine been used这机器使用有多久了三、使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即 have ／has和been，两者缺一不可。
2．注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。
例如：The house was built last year．这房子是去年建造的。
The house has been built．这房子已经建好了。
3．由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow， join，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。
例如：译：这本书买了多久了？误：How long has this book been bought 正：How long ago was this book bought但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。