口译听力笔记简写符号改
口译笔记速记符号归总
口译笔记速记符号归总[1] Note-taking symbols and abbreviations[2] 关于缩略词[3] 关于字母和图像[4] 用箭头、数学符号、标点符号来表示1.Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand. Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
口译笔记速记符号汇总及简写规则
口译笔记速记符号汇总简写规则目录[1].Note-taking symbols and abbreviations[2].关于缩略词[3].关于字母和图像[4].用箭头、数字符号、标点符号来表示1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology department UK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budget ind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples: decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting,initialscan be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACB Use symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <---> resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
口译速记简写符号大集合
一、地名简写高级口译听力部分要求考生准确拼写出主要国家的名称和首都。
如果要把每个国家的名称完整的记录下来．会很费时间。
因此，常用国名的记录方法应常记心中，比如K=Korea,SD=Sweden,SW=Swit zerland等等。
有时还可以借助“|－”来表示东、西、南、北、中等方位。
例如：the Republic of Korea(ROK，南朝鲜)，表示为“－K”;相应的the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea（DPRK，北朝鲜）,就可以表示为“K －”,Central London,表示为LD。
Western Europe（西欧）表示为“|EU”，Eastern Germany(东德)表示为“G|”。
练习：Eastern Europe,South Africa ,North China,Western Germ any,South Asia，Central Ital二、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP:important,ASAP:as so on as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：（一）拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive（二）保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/O（三）保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people（四）根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through（五）高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountEXCH ExchangeEXT ExtentINFO InformationI/O In stead ofIOU I owe you MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MIN Minimum MKT Market MSG Message PKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleaseREF Reference SEC Section STD Standard TEL Telephone THO ThoughTKS ThanksTRF TrafficWT WeightXL Extra large三、字母、图像ｏ表示“人”people/person，因为“ｏ”看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
口译笔记的符号和缩略语
一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统（包括文字符号）。
用各种符号作记录，概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。
学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。
在此基础上，每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。
下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式，供大家在练习和实践中参考。
（一）箭头“→”表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to, etc. 导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于：be/come from，return，receive from, etc. 追溯到：come/go back to，originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空：launch，ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen， promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降：down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化：reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.（二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多：and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“－”表示减少、除去、少：minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突：wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“＞”表示大于、超过、多于：greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上：smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样：the same as，that is to say， in other words，be equal to, etc. 对手：match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同：not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右：about/around，or so， approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为：because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果：so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.（三) 标点符号“：”表示说：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意：opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?”表示问题：question，issue，problem, etc.“．”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样：“．d”表示yesterday，“．y"表示last year，“．2m”表示two months ago，“y”表示this year，“y2．”表示 two years later/in two years，“next week”，可以表示为“wk．”“（）”表示在……之间：among, within, etc.（四) 其它符号“√”表示好：right/good，famous/well-known，etc. 同意：stand up for，support， agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ”表示和、与：and，together with，along with， accompany，along with，further more，etc.“☆”表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样：important， best，outstanding，brilliant，model, etc.“∥”表示结束：end，stop，halt，bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者：person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”，中国人可以表示为“中°”，etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判：meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人：man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人：woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家：country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表：represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互：exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.（五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种：●拿掉所有元音。
口译记录材料速记符号归总
口译笔记速记符号归总一、做口译笔记时的注意事项1.口译笔记应记要点，切忌求记“全”。
口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充，不应也不必取代记忆。
口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系（如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等），笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。
2.口译笔记求快求精，但不可潦草。
3.口译笔记可使用来源语，也可使用目标语，也可以双语兼用。
只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性，不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。
例如，“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。
4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语，例如：cf（compare），Co（company），eg（for example），etc（and so on），esp（especially），ie（that is），max（maximum），min（minimum），ref（reference），std（standard），usu（usually），等。
二、常用速记符号速记是一项特殊的技巧，速记语言是由一套完整的符号组成的体系。
在口译实践中逐步掌握一些简单的速记符号是有益的。
口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。
记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。
人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。
顾名思义，短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆，长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。
影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多，其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。
即便是当感知的信息有意义时，人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子，或者一组十位数的数字。
因此，对于口译工作者来说，完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的，记笔记便显得十分重要。
in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time. Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicslib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.estg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example: January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
口译笔记符号大汇总
口译笔记符号大汇总一、地名简写二、高级口译听力部分要求考生准确拼写出主要国家的名称和首都。
如果要把每个国家的名称完整的记录下来．会很费时间。
因此，常用国名的记录方法应常记心中，比如K=Korea, SD= Sweden, SW=Switzerland等等。
有时还可以借助“|－”来表示东、西、南、北、中等方位。
例如：the Republic of Korea(ROK，南朝鲜)，表示为“－K”; 相应的the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea（DPRK，北朝鲜）, 就可以表示为“K－”, Central London,表示为LD。
Western Europe （西欧）表示为“|EU”，Eastern Germany (东德)表示为“G|”。
练习：Eastern Europe, South Africa, North China, Western Germany, South Asia，Central Ital二、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：（一）拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive（二）保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/O（三）保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people（四）根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through（五）口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT Apartment ACC Accountant ACDG According ACPT AcceptAD Advertisement ADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCMPE Compete/competitive CMU CommunicationCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountEXCH ExchangeEXT ExtentINFO Information I/O In stead of IOU I owe you MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MIN Minimum MKT Market MSG Message PKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleaseREF Reference SEC SectionSTD StandardTEL TelephoneTHO ThoughTKS ThanksTRF TrafficWT WeightXL Extra large三、字母、图像ｏ表示“人”people/person，因为“ｏ”看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
口译笔记符号汇总及注意事项
现场口译笔记符号汇总一、口译记录符号分类1、像形、会意符号：汉字属于象形文字，具有很强的表意功能，口译记录可以借用单个的汉字或它们的某些偏旁部首，然后再混合其它符号来表达一些概念。
e.g. 水水(上加一横表示干旱,下加一横表示洪灾)“口”表示“国家”、“民族”，在“口”的上面加上一个人头样的小圆圈“o”，这时“口”又可以用来表示"x国人"了2、像声符号：e.g: “U”与单词“you”希腊字母“γ”(gamma) 读作[ga:ma:]其发音近似英语单词“government”的读音，所以“γ”也常被用在口译记录中表示“government”(政府)或“governmental”(政府的)之意。
3、公共场所和行业标识：e.g: “P”，它表示的是“停车场”、“停放”之类的意思，口译记录，我们除了借用这一符号指代上述意义外，还可以将它们稍加引申来表达“中止”、“中断”、“停顿”、“停火”等意思。
再如：作口译记录时我们还可以用“十”来代表“医院”、“门诊部”等。
4、标点符号：e.g: “?”常被用来表示“问题”、“难题”等概念，因此口译过程中若涉及到“台湾问题”时，译员只记作“TW?”即可。
“：”可以表示与“说”有关的概念，如：“告诉”、“演讲”、“宣称”、“声明”、“认为”、“赞成”、“报怨”、“抗议”等；“……”表示“剩余”、“遗留问题”；“( )”则表示“包括”、“在……范围之内”、“封闭”、“闭关自守”、“禁闭”等意思。
、印刷符号：e.g: “∧”则表示“插入”、“干涉”、“介入”、“侵略”，而“／”则用来表示“删(剔)除”、“取消”6、数学符号：加号“+”可以表示“增加”、“补充”；“减号”“-”则表示“扣除”“减少”，而“≈”便用来表示“大约”、“几乎”；“∵”则可以表示“由于”“因为”等概念7、箭头符号：箭头符号直观、明了,使用得更多、更广泛 . e.g:右指箭头“→”常用来表示“派谴”、出国、“运往”、“前往”、“出口”、“向……传达”、“导致”等概念。
口译笔记速记符号归总(三)
口译笔记速记符号归总（三）二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如：日本人：JZ.C 表示政府，统治：government，govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, ernmental official 可以表示为 CZP 表示政治：politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political.那么politician就可以表示为 PZE 表示总数：total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率：efficient, effective.G为效率符号。
Q 表示"通货膨胀"：inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商业：business.C× 表示冲突，矛盾：conflict，confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对，字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation. W 表示工作，职业: work, employ 等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ 就可以用来表示worker, 而W（Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee）。
i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（treaty, agreement）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺".如果在U内填入2××××，就可以表示为bilateral（双边的）, 填入3表示为trilateral（三边的）。
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口译听力笔记简写符号一、地名简写高级口译听力部分要求考生准确拼写出主要国家的名称和首都。
如果要把每个国家的名称完整的记录下来．会很费时间。
因此，常用国名的记录方法应常记心中，比如K=Korea, SD= Sweden, SW=Switzerland等等。
有时还可以借助“|－”来表示东、西、南、北、中等方位。
例如：the Republic of Korea(ROK，南朝鲜)，表示为“－K”; 相应的the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea（DPRK，北朝鲜）, 就可以表示为“K－”, Central London,表示为LD。
Western Europe（西欧）表示为“|EU”，Eastern Germany (东德)表示为“G|”。
练习：Eastern Europe, South Africa, North China, Western Germany, South Asia，Central Ital二、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：（一）拿掉所有元音MKT: Market MGR: manager MSG: messageSTD: standard RCV: receive（二）保留前几个字母INFO information INS insurance EXCH exchangeI owe you IOU In stead of I/O（三）保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK week RM room PL people（四）根据发音R are THO though THRU through（五）高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词APT ACC ACDG ACPT AD原词Apartmen Accountant According Accept AdvertisementADS Address ADV Advice AMAP As much/many as possibleAMT Amount BAL Balance BLDG Building CERT Certificate CMPE Compete/competitive CMU Communication CO CompanyDEPT Department DISC Discount EXCH Exchange EXT Extent INFO Information I/O In stead of IOU I owe you MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MIN Minimum MKT MarketMSG Message PKG Packing PL People PLS PleaseREF Reference SEC Section STD Standard TEL TelephoneTHO Though TKS Thanks TRF Traffic WT WeightXL Extra large三、字母、图像ｏ：表示“人”people/person，因为“ｏ”看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如：日本人：Jｏ。
C：表示政府，统治：government，govern希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为CZP：表示政治：politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician就可以表示为PZG 表示效率：efficient, effective。
G为效率符号。
Q：表示“通货膨胀”：inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A：表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替。
B：表示商业：business。
C×：表示冲突，矛盾：conflict，confrontation“C×”中的“×”表示反对，字母“C”将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和confrontation。
W：表示工作，职业: work, employ 等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而“Z”(小圆圈)在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee。
i：表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U :U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（treaty, agreement）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示“举杯祝贺”。
如果在U内填入2，就可以表示为bilateral（双边的）, 填入3表示为trilateral (三边的)。
填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism（单边主义），填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。
如果在U上加一个“/”表示谈判破裂。
O: 表示“国家”、“民族”、“领土”等：country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口，Og表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子，可以表示主持、主办：chair, host, preside over。
那么在此符号上加Z表示主席，主持人：chairman, host, etc.T: 表示“领导人”：leader, head.那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为CT ⊙: 圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等：meeting，conference，negotiation，seminar，discussion，symposium∞: 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表示“捕鱼业”等合fishery 有关的词汇。
O: 圆圈代表地球，横线表示赤道，所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.J: 表示开心：pleasant, joyful，happy，excited, etc.L：表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.EO：表示听到、众所周之：as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc. O：表示漠不关心、无动于衷：indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don’t care much, etc.四、箭头g ：表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to etc.表示导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.表示屈服：submit tof：表示来自于：be/come from，return，receive from, etc.表示追溯到：come/go back to，originateh:表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc.表示发射、投放市场、发行：launch，open, start, etc.表示发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen，promote, etc表示“波折”：ups and downs, twists and turns, roller coaster, etc.五、数学符号表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.++(+2): 表示“多”的比较级：more+3: 表示“多”的最高级：most－: 表示“少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.×：表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc.>：表示“多于”概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示“高”概念：superior to，surpass, etc.<：表示“少于”概念：less/smaller，etc. 表示“低”概念：inferior to，etc.=：表示“同等”概念：means，that is to say，in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc. 表示“对手”概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ): 表示“在......之间”：among, within, etc.≠: 表示“不同”概念：be different from, etc. 表示“无敌”概念：matchless, peerless, etc. ～:表示“大约”概念：about/around，or so，approximately, etc./: 表示“否定”，“消除”等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.六、标点等:表示各种各样“说”的动词：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.?表示“问题”：question，issue，例如：台湾问题：tw?. (dot)这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“.d”表示yesterday, “.y”表示last year, “.2m”表示two month ago。
Wk表示week “y”表示this year, “y2.”two year later“next week”, 可以表示为“wk.”∧：表示转折but yet however√：表示“好的”状态，right/good，famous/well-known，etc.表示“同意”状态，stand up for，support，agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.☆：表示“重要的”状态：important，exemplary（模范的）best，outstanding，brilliant，n：表示“交流”状态：exchange，mutual, etc.&：表示“和”，“与”：and，together with，along with，accompany，along with，further more，∥：表示“结束”：end，stop，halt，bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.七、较长单词的处理办法-ism简写为m 例如：socialism Sm-tion简写为n 例如：standardization (标准化) stdn-cian简写为o 例如：technician techo-ing简写为g 例如：marketing (市场营销) MKTg-ed简写为 d 例如：accepted acptd-ment简写为mt 例如：amendment amdmt-able/ible/ble简写为bl 例如：available avbl-ful简写为fl 例如：meaningful mnfl翻译笔记原则：学会一字等于一句，看一字想一句，看一句知一句。