备战高考英语二轮复习完形填空说明文专项训练
高三英语二轮复习 新题训练 说明文(完形填空)
高三英语二轮复习新题训练说明文（完形填空）(一)(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __1__ home from work in the evenings. A man will be __2__ the newspaper, and seconds later it __3__ as if he is trying to __4__it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger __5__ next to him. __6__ place where unplanned short sleep __7__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring (打鼾)so __8__ that the professor has to ask another student to __9__ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing (尴尬) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the __10__ of the head pushes the arm off the __11__， and the movement carries the __12__ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no __13__ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __14__. Police reports are full of __15__ that occur when people fall into sleep and go __16__ the road. If the drivers are __17__， they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car，__18__， went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __19__ and thought it was raining. When people are really __20__， nothing will stop them from falling asleep—no matter where they are.1．A.wayB．trackC．pathD．road2．A.buyingB．foldingC．deliveringD．reading3．A.actsB．showsC．appearsD．sounds4．A.openB．eatC．findD．finish5．A.lyingB．waitingC．talkingD．sitting6．A.NextB．EveryC．AnotherD．One7．A.goes onB．ends upC．lastsD．returns8．A.bravelyB．happilyC．loudlyD．carelessly9．A.leaveB．shakeC．keepD．watch10．A.sizeB．shapeC．weightD．strength11．A.cushionB．deskC．shoulderD．book12．A.actionB．positionC．restD．side13．A.memoryB．reasonC．questionD．purpose14．A.thinkingB．workingC．walkingD．driving15．A.changesB．eventsC．ideasD．accidents16．A.upB．offC．alongD．down17．A.luckyB．awakeC．calmD．strong18．A.in timeB．at firstC．as usualD．for example19．A.dustB．waterC．grassD．bush20．A.tiredB．drunkC．lonelyD．lazy答案与解析1.A on the way home表示“在回家的路上”，为固定表达法，不使用track“小路，跑道”，path“小路，小径”和road“道路”。
(英语)高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 英语完形填空及解析
（英语）高考英语二轮复习专项训练英语完形填空及解析一、高中英语完形填空1．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A little boy was visiting his grandparents on their farm. He was given a slingshot (弹弓) to play with out in the woods. He 1 in the woods, but he could never hit anything. Getting a little 2 , he headed back for dinner. As he was 3 back he saw Grandma's pet 4 . Just out of impulse (冲动), he let the slingshot 5 , hit the duck right in the head and killed it.He was shocked and 6 .In a panic, he hid the 7 duck in the wood pile, only to see his sister watching! Sally had seen it all, but she said 8 .After lunch the next day Grandma said, "Sally, let's wash the 9 ." But Sally said, "Grandma, Johnny told me he 10 to help in the kitchen." Then she 11 to him, "Remember the duck?" So Johnny washed the dishes. Later that day, Grandpa asked if the children wanted to go fishing. Before they left, Grandma said, "I'm sorry but I 12 Sally to help me make supper," Sally just smiled and said, "Well, you needn't worry about it 13 Johnny told me he wanted to help." She whispered again, "Remember the duck?" So Sally went 14 and Johnny stayed to help. After several days of doing both his 15 and Sally's, he finally couldn't 16 it any longer. He came to Grandma and admitted that he had 17 the duck.Grandma squatted down(蹲下), gave him a 18 , and said, "Sweetheart, I know. You see,I was standing at the window and I saw the 19 thing, but because I love you. I forgave you. I was just wondering how long you would let Sally make a 20 of you. If you make a mistake, just be brave to admit to it and promise not to make it again. In that way, everyone will forgive you."1. A. worked B. practiced C. climbed D. searched2. A. pleased B. worried C. puzzled D. discouraged3. A. turning B. looking C. walking D. falling4. A. dog B. duck C. cat D. rabbit5. A. rise B. leave C. stop D. fly6. A. sad B. lucky C. angry D. excited7. A. happy B. hungry C. fat D. dead8. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything9. A. clothes B. dishes C. hands D. floors10. A. wanted B. managed C. tried D. willing11. A. shouted B. explained C. talked D. whispered12. A. command B. request C. need D. allow13. A. until B. because C. while D. although14. A. fishing B. swimming C. climbing D. shopping15. A. exercise B. lesson C. problem D. housework16. A. accept B. afford C. stand(忍受)D. support17. A. hurt B. killed C. hidden D. wounded18. A. kiss B. surprise C. gift D. suggestion19. A. strange B. terrible C. serious D. whole20. A. enemy B. winner C. slave D. leader【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）B；（5）D；（6）A；（7）D；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A；（11）D；（12）C；（13）B；（14）A；（15）D；（16）C；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）C；【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Johnny无意中杀死了祖父母的鸭子，但由于不敢承认错误，被发现了秘密的姐姐一再威胁．后来，他终于忍无可忍主动向祖母承认错误．没想到祖母开心地原谅了他．因此，我们应该敞开心扉，勇于承认错误，不做自己精神上的囚徒。
专练23 说明文体类完形填空(解析版)---备战2021届高考英语二轮复习题型专练(新高考)
备战2021届高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）23说明文体类完形填空【命题意图】综观近几年的高考完形填空的考查走势，全国卷中的完形填空中，说明文类完形填空出现的几率很小。
但是，我们也不能马虎，它们作为高考题型的重要补充，还是有可能考的。
因此，说明文类完形填空也要进行一定量的练习。
【得分要点】说明文的写作目的是授人以知，让人明白，说明文只是说明事物的特征，阐明原理，介绍知识。
说明文完形填空的结构模式一般是：提出问题——发现直接原因——分析深层原因——得出结论或提出解决方案。
一、说明类完形填空的命题特点说说明明类类完形填空题常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章可以是用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。
说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。
因此，这类文章的每一段通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。
二、说明类完形填空的应试策略1. 利用说明文的首首句句查找说明主体2. 把握说明文的两种结结构构模模式式(1)总分式。
包括＂总—分＂＂分—总＂＂总—分—总＂等具体形式。
(2)递进式。
事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。
具体包括：空间顺序——从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序——按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序——有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。
三、说明类完形填空的解题步骤第一步：通过短文首尾句抓主旨说明文的篇首会出现话题中心，通过首段可把握文章的主题；而尾句往往是文章的结论或点睛之笔。
第二步：填空时关注段落或意群间的内在联系第三步：重览短文，查缺补漏通读文章，检查思路是否顺畅及有无逻辑关系错误，同时填补遗留的空缺。
高考英语二轮复习专项突破：完形填空 4——说明文(全国通用)
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通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不 明确说明对象， 同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。在阅读过程中 理清段落关系 要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之
间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解
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在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说 明对象进行解说。 常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、 弄清说明顺序， 空间顺序、逻辑顺序和认识顺序。另外，在理清 把握作者态度 作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关 键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意图
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A number of __C__．__ex_p_e_r_i_m_e_n_t_s__ ruled out that the children
misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects __A_．__c_o_m_p_r_e_h_e_n_d_e_d__ the questions and knew _D__．__e_x_ac_t_ly__ what was asked of them. Their __A_．__r_e_s_p_o_n_se_s_ to the questions reflected their true __B_．__b_e_l_ie_f____ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply _C_．__i_n_s_is_t_o_n___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our _D__．__f_in_d_i_n_g_s__ suggest when a child “hides”
2020年高考英语二轮复习完形填空类(说明文)专项练习题(含答案解析).doc
第五讲完形填空---说明文专项练习第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March—41 six months out of the year.Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker —it’s like on a 44 day.”But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents."It's not very 59 ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60 .”41.A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely【答案】C【解析】考查副词。
高考英语二轮复习 优选练完形填空提升练说明文高三全册英语试题
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校精编优选练(三十)完形填空——说明文(限时：35分钟)A(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨三模) New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive humanmade climate warming in the coming century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, __1__ in the latest edition of Ecology and Evolution, reveals the __2__ age of some Amazonian tree species—more than 8 million years—and __3__ shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods __4__ for the year 2100.The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the trees will __5__ survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. __6__ extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures __7__， the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors __8__ that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain __9__ on preventing deforestation (采伐森林) for agriculture and mining.The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species' extinctions__10__ relatively small increases in global average air temperatures.Study coauthor Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the __11__ were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and overexploitation of the forest remained major __12__ to the Amazon's future.Dr Lewis said, “The past cannot be compared directly with the future. While tree species seem likely to __13__ higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and __14__， and what remains is being degraded (使恶化) by logging (伐木), and increa singly split up by fields and roads.”“Species will not move as freely in today's Amazon as they did in previous warm periods, when there was no human __15__. Similarly, today's climate change is extremely fast, making comparisons with slower changes in the past __16__.”“With a clearer __17__ of the relative risks to the Amazon forest,we __18__ that direct human impacts—such as forest clearances for agriculture or mining—should remain a key point of conservation policy.We also need more aggressive __19__ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and __20__ the future of most Amazon tree species.”[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语二轮复习 完形专练之说明文高三全册英语试题
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校武邑中学高考英语二轮复习完形专练之说明文（1）(一)There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __1____home from work in the evenings. A man will be__2____the newspaper, and seconds later it __3___ as if he is trying to ___4__it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger___5__ next to him.___ 6___ place where unplanned short sleep __7__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so ___8____that the professor has to ask another student to___9___ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the ___10___ of the head pushes the arm off the___11___, and the movement carries the__12___ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no___13___ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __14___. Police reports are full of ___15___ that occur when people fall into sleep and go__16_____ the road. If the drivers are ___17____, they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, ___18____, went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __19____ and thought it was raining. When people are really ___20_____，nothing will stop them from falling asleep-----no matter where they are.1．A．way B．track C．path D．road2．A．buying B．folding C．delivering D．reading3．A．acts B．shows C．appears D．sounds4．A．open B．eat C．find D．finish5．A．lying B．waiting C．talking D．sitting6．A．Next B．Every C．Another D．One7．A．goes on B．ends up C．lasts D．returns8．A．bravely B．happily C．loudly D．carelessly9．A．leave B．shake C．keep D．watch10．A．size B．shape C．weight D．strength11．A．cushion B．desk C．shoulder D．book12．A．action B．position C．rest D．side13．A．memory B．reason C．question D．purpose14．A．thinking B．working C．walking D．driving 15．A．changes B．events C．ideas D．accidents16．A．up B．off C．along D．down17．A．lucky B．awake C．calm D．strong18．A．in time B．at first C．as usual D．for example19．A．dust B．water C．grass D．bush20．A．tired B．drunk C．lonely D．lazy(二)The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, socialnetworking and online video games, information is meant to be____21___. Solitude can be hard to discover ___22____it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have ___23____our culture.The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a (n) ___24____as we’ve known it. People have become so ___25____in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted ____26___they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our ___27____, but from our mobile phones as well.Most developed nations have become ___28____on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not ___29____it would make them an outsider. __30____, many jobs and careers require people to be ___31____. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a___32____to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who ___33____wants it. Computers can be shut ___34____and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability t o be “connected” and “on” has many ___35____, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up___36____on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel ___37____and forced to answer unwanted calls or___38____to unwanted texts.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society __39____ across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider ita curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like ___40____daily advancements in technology.21. A. updated B. received C. sharedD. collected22. A. though B. until C. onceD. before23. A. respected B. shaped C. ignoredD. preserved24. A. edge B. stage C. endD. balance25. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerateD. reachable26. A. even if B. only if C. as ifD. if only27. A. media B. computers C. databasesD. monitors28. A. bent B. hard C. keenD. dependent29. A. finding B. using C. protectingD. changing30. A. Also B . Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow31. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested32. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burdenD. disappointment33. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really34. A. out B . down C. up D. in35. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions36. A. hidden B . lost C. relaxed D. deserted37. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused38. A. turn B . submit C. objectD. reply39. A. vary B . arise C. spread D. exist40. A. beyond B . within C. despite D. without(三)Most people give little thought to the pens they write with ，especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very __41____ things are handwritten. All too often ，people buy a pen basedonly on __42____，and wonder why they are not satisfied __43___ they beginto use it. However ，buying a pen that you'll enjoy is not __44___ if youkeep the following in mind.First of all ，a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be __45___ to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征) __46___ comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers ，you may becomfortable with a thin pen. If you have a __47___ hand and thicker fingers ，you may __48____ a fatter pen. The length of a pen can ___49___ influence comfort. A pen that is too __50____ can easily feel topheavy and unstable.Then ，the writing point of the pen should __51____ the ink to flowevenly(均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. __52___ will make it possible for you to create a __53___ line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to ___54__ ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the __55____ may leavedrops of ink，___56__ you pick the pen up and put it down again.__57____，the pen should make a thick，dark line. Fineline pens may __58___ bad handwriting，but fine，delicate lines do not command __59____ next to printed text，as，__60____，a signature on a printed letter. A broader line，on the other hand，gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)．41．A.many B．few C．pleasant D．important 42．A.looks B．reason C．value D．advantages 43．A.once B．if C．because D．though44．A.convenient B．practical C．strangeD．difficult45．A.heavy B．easy C．hard D．safe46．A.taking B．finding C．determining D．seeking 47．A.stronger B．weaker C．Smaller D．larger48．A.prefer B．recommend C．prepare D．demand49．A.hardly B．also C．Never D．still50．A.thick B．light C．long D．soft51．A.change B．allow C．reduce D．press52．A.They B．One C．This D．Some53．A.thin B．rough C．black D．smooth 54．A.prevent B．free C．protect D．remove 55．A.way B．sight C．flow D．stream56．A.so B．as C．and D．yet57．A.Meanwhile B．Generally C．AfterwardsD．Finally58．A.show up B．differ from C．break downD．compensate for59．A.attention B．support C．respectD．admission60．A.at most B．for example C．in brief D．on purpose语法填空Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 1_________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy _2________ (please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 3_________ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or_4___________(push)you with their elbows（肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.Jane paused in front of a counter where some 5________ (attract) ties were on display. “They are real silk，”the _6_________(assist) tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.Jane stopped 7__________ a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes on sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8__________.When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already at table 9__________ (have) supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 10___________ (inform).短文改错Dear Anish,Here are the information about Manchester University. It is about 200 miles far away from London and it has a very big schoolyard. You can live in the school and near the school. They have all sorts of course. I’m sure you will find one you like it. I know you are particular interested in human rights. So I will see that there is anything on their website.I will send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport when you arrived. You met him a few years ago, but he has changed a lot since then. Both your aunt and I look forward to see you again.双语精品：愈艰难愈坚强十句经典给你坚持的勇气1.You never know how strong you really are until being strong is the only choice you have。
2023届高考英语二轮复习完形填空分类训练：说明文作业含答案
完形填空Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, __1__ and to release.People have been using the arts as tools for __2__for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally __3__ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic__4__ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be __5__ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the __6__ of making art and exploring __7__ the piece means to the individual, __8__ the final product.Through the arts, people can __9__ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been __10__ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, __11__ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients __12__ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.Expressive arts therapists are professionally __13__. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is __14__ to all training, but from there training __15__ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their __16__ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.__17__ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is __18__ to other mental health professions. This __19__ is to facilitate clients' growth and __20__ change.1．A．admit B．express C．examine D．trust 2．A．explaining B．proving C．healing D．judging 3．A．recognized B．relieved C．affected D．controlled 4．A．results B．experiences C．causes D．questions 5．A．angry B．bored C．strict D．free 6．A．secret B．technique C．difficulty D．process 7．A．when B．which C．what D．where8．A．as to B．or rather C．rather than D．other than9．A．communicate B．produce C．reject D．test 10．A．offered B．shown C．guided D．driven 11．A．create B．feel C．reduce D．recall 12．A．tired B．proud C．afraid D．unaware 13．A．hired B．served C．awarded D．trained 14．A．basic B．enough C．impossible D．strange 15．A．finally B．typically C．luckily D．hardly 16．A．visit B．life C．education D．money17．A．If B．Although C．Unless D．Since 18．A．unequal B．friendly C．known D．similar 19．A．goal B．profession C．clinic D．theory 20．A．unwelcome B．seasonal C．positive D．cultural The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults do at least 150 minutes of moderate to higher-intensity physical activity each week, and it should be in____21____ of at least 10 minutes each for substantial health benefits, which has led many to____22____ about the inefficacy of brief activities. Why people take two minutes going up the stairs if more than 10 minutes is ____23____ to make it worthwhile for health?But now a study suggests something else: go ahead, take the stairs! Every minute____24____ toward reaching the 150-minute goal, whether it’s part of a 10-minute period of activity or not. The purpose of the study conducted at the University of Utah was to see if moderate to vigorous physical activity in less than 10-minute episodes was ____25____ to weight outcomes. The study, published in the American Journal of Health Promotion, found that each minute spent ____26____ in some kind of moderate to vigorous physical activity — be it walking the dog, vacuuming, or taking the stairs — was associated with lower BMI and lower weight.“The idea here is, you can do a minute at a time and that’s not a problem,” Jessie Fan, lead author of the new paper and a family and consumer studies professor at the University of Utah, told Today.For the women who participated in the study, each minute spent in higher-intensity activity was associated with a 0.7 drop in body mass index (BMI). For a 5'4" woman, that means a____27____ of nearly half a pound, which may not sound like much, but that’s just for one minute.Little by little, they add up.The authors concluded that the current 10-minute ____28____ guideline was based on health benefits other than weight outcomes and that their findings showed that for weight gain____29____, accumulated higher-intensity physical activity bouts of less than 10 minutes are quite ____30____, supporting the message that “every minute counts.”When it comes to your brain, it also rings true. An April 2019 study in Jama Network Open looked at how exercise affected the brain, and even short bursts ____31____ 22% greater brain volume.“Our study results don’t ____32____ moderate or vigorous physical activity as being important for healthy ageing. We are just adding to the science, ____33____ that light-intensity physical activity might be important too, especially for the brain,” Dr. Nicole Spartarno, first author of the study from Boston University said.“I think it’s easier for people to ____34____ that message,” Fan says. “Otherwise, if they don’t have a block of time they might be ____35____, and they don’t do anything.”21．A．figures B．bursts C．turns D．cheers 22．A．wonder B．suppose C．believe D．wish 23．A．alerted B．subjected C．required D．committed 24．A．refers B．impresses C．reveals D．matters 25．A．opposed B．related C．switched D．exposed 26．A．devoting B．adapting C．exposing D．engaging 27．A．loss B．gain C．accumulation D．push 28．A．possibility B．activity C．capacity D．responsibility 29．A．damaging B．protection C．prevention D．hurting 30．A．infectious B．comfortable C．harmful D．beneficial 31．A．resulted in B．arose from C．came out D．gave in 32．A．exaggerate B．discount C．describe D．regard 33．A．addressing B．referring C．suggesting D．mentioning 34．A．process B．select C．store D．ignore 35．A．deprived B．disappointed C．depressed D．discouraged Science may never know the secrets to memories of the California sea hare, a foot-long seasnail. But a research team claim to have made progress in ___36___ the simplest kind of memory a mollusk (软体动物) might form, and, with a swift injection, managed to ___37___ one sea snail’s memory to another.The kinds of memories that start a defensive reaction in the snails are encoded not in the___38___between brain cells, but in RNA molecules (分子), according to David Glanzman, a biologist at UCLA．To ___39___ the idea, Glanzman implanted wires into the tails of California sea hares and gave them a series of electric shocks. The procedure made the animals so ___40___ that when they were touched, they contracted parts of their bodies intensely. Glanzman compares the reaction to being nervous after an earthquake: the memory of the event causes a(n) ___41___ response to any loud noise. After sensitizing the sea snails, Glanzman took RNA out from them and ___42___ it into new sea snails to see what would happen. He then found the new ones are___43___ sensitized, suggesting the “memory” of the electrical shocks had been transplanted. According to Glanzman and his research team, the experiment shows that ___44___ parts of the memory trace are held in RNA, rather than in the connectivity of brain cells.However, the work has not yet found widespread ____45____. “Further work needs to be carried out to determine whether these phenomena are obvious and what is the ____46____ of such phenomena,” said Prof Vann at Cardiff University. “While a sea snail is a fantastic model, we must be very ____47____ in drawing comparisons to human memory processes, which are much more complex.”Tomás Ryan at Trinity College Dublin, is ____48____. “This work takes us down an interesting road, but I have doubt about it and I don’t think they’ve transplanted a memory,” he said. “This work tells me that maybe the most basic behavioral responses involve some kind of change in the animal.”____49____, Ryan added that such creative thinking about memory was in great need: “In a field full of acceptance but lacking ____50____, we need as many new ideas as possible.”36．A．deleting B．disturbing C．refreshing D．understanding 37．A．transfer B．adjust C．compare D．relate 38．A．connections B．conflicts C．secrets D．distances 39．A．promote B．test C．eliminate D．impose 40．A．sensitive B．adaptable C．strong D．relaxed41．A．necessary B．peaceful C．unconscious D．impossible 42．A．plunged B．invested C．translated D．injected 43．A．crazily B．dangerously C．scarcely D．equally 44．A．optional B．essential C．memorial D．virtual 45．A．association B．recognition C．innovation D．publication 46．A．depth B．application C．basis D．description 47．A．imaginative B．careful C．ambitious D．speedy 48．A．supported B．persuaded C．unappreciated D．unconvinced 49．A．Nevertheless B．Eventually C．For example D．As a result 50．A．expression B．likelihood C．suspicion D．disturbance Anyone could be in his or her unfavorable situations, whatever their ages and social status. Adults are often ___51___ asking for help. It’s an act that can make people feel ___52___. The moment you ask for directions, after all，you reveal that you may be lost. Seeking someone’s assistance can make you feel like you are broadcasting your ___53___. New research suggests young children don’t seek ___54___ in school, even when they need it, for the same reason.To learn more about how children think about looking for help, we asked 576 children, aged four to nine, to predict the ___55___ of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others.Children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be ___56___ to ask for assistance. They could still conceive of (想象) situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought ___57___ (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it.We also found that they recognize several more behaviors that might make a child appear less clever in front of fellow kids, such as ___58___ failure or modestly downplaying successes. Children are therefore strongly aware of several ways in which a person's actions might make them appear less ___59___ in the eyes of others.However, a number of ___60___ can be found to help children. Our first ___61___ may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefits. But ___62___ barriers likely require reputation-based solutions. For example, instructors could create activities in which each student becomes an “expert” on a different topic, and then children must ask one another for helpto master all of the material. If seeking help is understood as a(n) ___63___ classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as indicativ e (表明) of one’s ability.Seeking help could even be framed as ___64___ desirable. After all, asking for help often benefits not just the help seeker but also others listening in who have ___65___ questions or struggles. 51．A．delighted with B．ready for C．serious about D．embarrassed about 52．A．impersonal B．sensitive C．helpless D．desperate 53．A．incapability B．enthusiasm C．generosity D．friendliness 54．A．protection B．individuality C．assistance D．personality 55．A．behavior B．intelligence C．success D．capability 56．A．ready B．unlikely C．comfortable D．desperate 57．A．separately B．moderately C．purposefully D．privately 58．A．admitting B．neglecting C．avoiding D．underestimating 59．A．friendly B．smart C．independent D．reliable 60．A．theories B．reasons C．solutions D．researches 61．A．mission B．advice C．instinct D．barrier 62．A．instructive B．decisive C．intellectual D．reputational 63．A．ordinary B．vivid C．achievable D．virtual 64．A．personally B．mentally C．potentially D．socially 65．A．dominant B．similar C．complex D．original Against all our wishes, advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34-billion-a-year business. And if Martin Lindstrom, a marketing consultant is correct, trying to ___66___ the advertisement is about to get especially hard.83% of all forms of advertising principally ___67___ only one of our senses: sight. Hearing, however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans(广告语)to catch our ear, ___68___ everyday sounds — a steak sizzling(发嘶嘶声), a baby laughing and other sounds we can't help paying attention to. Weave these everyday sounds into an ad campaign and we customers may be ___69___ to resist them.According to Lindstrom, the everyday sound that is most impressive, both in terms of interest and ___70___ feelings, is a baby laughing. The other high-ranking sounds are also powerful —the sound of a car engine or a soda being poured.In all of these cases, it doesn’t need an experienced advertisement designer to invent the sounds, associate them with meanings and then play them over and over until the subjects___71___ them. Rather, the everyday sounds already have meanings and thus can cause a kind of ___72___ : hunger, thirst or happy expectation.Some TV ads have already given viewers close-up shots of meat with sizzling sounds. And retailers are ___73___ . Lindstrom is now consulting with clients, intending to pipe the sound of filtering coffee or fizzing soda into the drink department or that of a baby laughing sound into the baby-food section.Of course, this doesn’t mean that advertisers can just press the audio button ___74___ and consumers will come eagerly. Indeed, sometimes customers flee. In the early years of cell-phone use, the ringtone (铃音) of a famous cell phone brand was recognized by many people in the U.K., but soon it became widely ____75____ . That, Lindstrom says, was partly because so few users observed cell-phone manners and ____76____ accidents kept happening in places like movie theaters. The computer start-up sound has taken on the similarly negative ____77____ , because people so often hear it when they’re restarting the computer after it ____78____ . In these cases, manufacturers themselves may as well revise the bothersome sound or ____79____ it entirely. Lindstrom's experiment also shows that people respond to a sound better when it’s ____80____ . If nothing else, smart marketers may at least keep the volume low.66．A．tune out B．admit to C．depend on D．take over 67．A．evaluate B．spoil C．engage D．portray 68．A．classifying B．ignoring C．challenging D．representing 69．A．sensible B．selfish C．powerless D．pleasant 70．A．hollow B．positive C．violent D．foreign 71．A．infer B．reject C．internalize D．perform 72．A．consumption B．reaction C．favor D．spread 73．A．following suit B．cooling down C．losing heart D．taking risks 74．A．on guard B．with ease C．under way D．in reality 75．A．disliked B．observed C．represented D．enveloped 76．A．objective B．temporary C．mysterious D．annoying77．A．association B．agreement C．tip D．symptom 78．A．responded B．revived C．crashed D．persisted 79．A．replace B．rescue C．balance D．refund 80．A．optional B．random C．specific D．Faint参考答案：1．B2．C3．A4．B5．D6．D7．C8．C9．A10．B11．C12．B13．D14．A15．B16．C17．B18．D19．A20．C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。
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完形填空——说明文(对应学生用书第129页)A(2016·湖北八校联考)Most people are poor listeners.Even when we think we are listening carefully，we usually 1 only half of what we hear，and we remember even less.Improving your listening skills can be 2 in every part of your life.The most important 3 of poor listening is giving in to distractions (分心的事物) and letting our thoughts 4 ．Sometimes，however，we listen too 5 ．We try to remember every word a speaker says，and we lose the 6 message by concentrating on details.In other situations，we may jump to conclusions and 7 a speaker without hearing out the message.Finally，we often judge people by their 8 or speaking manner 9 listening to what they say.You can 10 these poor listening habits by taking several steps.First，take listening 11 and commit yourself to becoming a better listener.Second，work at being a(n) 12 listener.Give your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to 13 her or his ideas.Third，14 distractions.Make a conscious effort to keep your mind on what the speaker is saying.Fourth，try not to be 15 by appearance or delivery. 16 preconceived (事先形成的) judgments based on a person's looks or manner of speech.Fifth，suspend (延缓) judgment 17 you have heard the speaker's entire message.Sixth，18 your listening by paying attention to main points，to evidence，and to the speaker's techniques.Finally，develop your notetaking skills.When done 19 ，note taking is an excellent way to improve your concentration and to keep track of a speaker's 20 ．It almost forces you to become a more attentive and creative listener.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。
文章介绍了如何才能成为一名好的倾听者。
1．A．grasp B．realizeC．believe D．chooseA[根据上文的“poor listeners”及下文的“remember even less”可知，即便认真去听，我们通常也只能“领会(grasp)”所听到的一半内容。
] 2．A．difficult B．helpfulC．possible D．practicalB[下文介绍的是提高听力技能的方法，所以此处指提高听力技能对生活的方方面面都有“帮助(helpful)”。
]3．A．role B．factorC．function D．causeD[容易受干扰是听力差的最重要的“原因(cause)”。
]4．A．pass B．wanderC．stop D．stayB[根据上文的“giving in to distractions(分心的事情)”可知，此处指思绪“乱飞(wander)”。
]5．A．long B．clearlyC．hard D．passivelyC[根据下文的“We try to remember every word”可知，有时，我们听不好是因为听得“过于认真(hard)”了。
]6．A．main B．newC．useful D．hiddenA[根据下文的“concentrating on details”可知，此处指没抓住“主要(main)”信息。
]7．A．prejudge B．ignoreC．doubt D．leaveA[根据下文的“without hearing out the message”可知，没听完对方说什么，就“妄下结论(prejudge)”。
]8．A．words B．speedC．behavior D．appearanceD[根据speaking manner可知，人们经常通过“外表(appearance)”或说话方式，“而不是(instead of)”对方所讲的内容来评价一个人。
下一段的“looks or manner of speech”也是提示。
]9．A．due to B．along withC．instead of D．except forC[参见上题解析。
]10．A．pick up B．give upC．take up D．put upB[下文提到的方法都是帮助大家“改掉(give up)”不良听力习惯的。
] 11．A．seriously B．naturallyC．personally D．wronglyA[根据下文的“commit yourself”可知，听别人说话时应该“认真(seriously)”。
take sth. seriously“严肃认真地对待某事”。
]12．A．clever B．activeC．free D．powerfulB[根据下文中的“undivided attention”和“genuine effort”可知，我们应该做一个“积极的(active)”倾听者，努力去“听懂(understand)”对方要表达的意思。
]13．A．test B．supportC．understand D．discussC[参见上题解析。
]14．A．consider B．shareC．watch D．resistD[根据下文的“keep your mind on what the speaker is saying”可知，倾听时需要“抵制(resist)”干扰。
]15．A．affected B．puzzledC．replaced D．persuadedA[根据上一段及下文中的“judgments based on a person's looks or manner of speech”可知，此处是说不要被外表等因素“影响(affected)”，把那些事先形成的判断都“抛到一边(Set aside)”。
]16．A．Set aside B．Set downC．Set off D．Set outA[参见上题解析。
]17．A．though B．whenC．until D．sinceC[要“一直等到(until)”对方说完再下结论。
]18．A．check B．focusC．organize D．monitorB[根据下文的“main points”可知，此处指要“集中(focus)”精力去听。
] 19．A．eagerly B．secretlyC．slowly D．properlyD[只有记笔记的方法“得当(properly)”，它才能在听力中发挥积极的作用。
]20．A．questions B．plansC．ideas D．changesC[记笔记当然是为了记录说话者的“观点(ideas)”。
]BSometimes we talk about a very simple term—like the word “take”．But“take”is not as simple as it 21 ．In fact，the OxfordEnglishDictionary calls it one of the “elemental words of the English language”．Many expressions using the 22 “take” first appeared in American English 23 ago and have not changed at all.For example，the 24 Etymology Online says the saying “take it or leave it” was first used in the late 19th century.But you can 25 this phrase commonly used in many 26 situations.The phrase “to take it out on someone or something”means “to 27 anger at someone or something”．It is a 28 of misplaced anger.Another website says this expression was first 29 in 1840.Let's say your friend who lost his job.He is 30 and shouts at you for something unrelated.You can say to him，“Look，I 31 you're upset.But don't take it out on me.I didn't 32 you！”Taking it out on someone is very different from having giveandtake with someone.Giveandtake is the process that 33 sides go through to reach a(n)34 ．It's a compromise.Both sides 35 something they want but also take something they want.Give-and-take can 36 mean the act of exchanging ideas or comments.If you are simply taken by someone，you either show complete respect for or are 37 in love with the person. 38 ，“She is really taken by the new man in the office.He is all she talks about！”So，do you see what we 39 ？The word “take” has so many 40 ．You can take our word for it.That means you can trust us.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了单词“take”所涉及的一些短语的用法。