网站建设技术外文翻译
英文翻译模板
江西理工大学应用科学院院毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系：信息工程系专业：计算机班级：072班姓名：熊聪聪学号： 5号附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。
注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。
基于DirectX和C#的3D游戏引擎编程介绍导言介绍3D游戏引擎设计使用DirectX 9和C＃说明了创建一个简单的3D游戏引擎的过程。
在这个过程中，作者演示了琳哈里森通过DirectX 9的鲜明例子说明和软件的许多方面。
纵观本书中，您将开发一个越野赛车游戏带来的大场景，环境影响，并发挥物理管理等功能。
写游戏，你将使用最先进的技术，C＃和DirectX和。
NET框架，而且你会超越简单的图形，探索音频，用户输入，人工智能和多人的设计。
第一章：概述这一章看看几种不同类型的游戏引擎，以及游戏和游戏引擎之间的区别。
游戏引擎的设计比游戏本身里的硬编码渲染和游戏逻辑需要更多的考量。
好处是，对底层技术更好的重用性以及总体设计的清晰性。
第二章：用户接口游戏的用户接口提供输出给玩家信息和获取玩家命令的方法。
这一章研究显示信息的几种方式：splash screens，选项屏幕，以及控制台屏幕。
也考虑使用DirectInput获取玩家键盘，鼠标和手柄的输入。
第三章：Hanging Ten :走马观花渲染流水线在深入到三维对象实际渲染之前，最好是对渲染流水线先有个基本的了解。
这一章将带领你走马观花般了解一下固定渲染流水线包括的几个典型步骤。
这包含操作摄像机，以便在游戏中提供视点。
也给出了将会使用在所有渲染对象中的一个基础类。
剔除对象和提高效率的其他技术也会被研究。
这些步骤的实际讲解出现在第四章到第八章。
第四章：基础的3D对象这一章是接下来两章中的第一章，处理游戏中使用的各种类型的对象的渲染。
这些对象包含天空盒，用来提供远景；地形渲染，提供可以在上面移动的表面；简单的对称对象，公告牌；以及粒子系统。
粒子系统是一个非常强大的工具，可以使用在微小对象的动态系统中，包括流动的水，火，烟火和流沙。
网站建设外文文献翻译
On site construction technology1 IntroductionThe development of network technology for today's global information exchange and sharing funding source in the establishment of contacts and provide more channels and possible. Homes will be known world affairs, according few keyboard or a few mouse clicks can be distant friends thousands of miles away exchanges, and online communications, Internet browsing, on-line interactive, e-commerce has become a modern part of people's lives. Internet era, has created the new people's work and lifestyle, the Internet, openness and sharing of information model, breaking the traditional mode of information dissemination many barriers for people with new opportunities. With computers and the advent of the information age, the pace of the advance of human society in gradually accelerated. In recent years the development of web design, fast people occupied.With the development of web design, a colorful online website together one scenic beauty. To design aesthetic and practical web site should be thoroughly master the building techniques. In building site, we analyzed the websites of objectives, contents, functions, structure, the application of more web design technology. 2 the definition of websit How definition of websitesWeb site identified the tasks and objectives, the building site is the most important issue. Why people will come to your website You have a unique service The first people to your website is to what They will come back All these issues must be taken into account when the site definition of the problem. Definition site to, first of all, the entire site must have a clear understanding of what the design should understand in the end, the main purpose of the mission, how to carry out the task of organization and planning. Second, to maintain the high-quality Web site. Many websites in the face of strong competition from high-quality product is the greatest long-term competitive advantage. An excellent Web site should have the following:1 users visit Web site is faster.2 attention to the feedback and updates. To update the content of the website and timely feedback the user's requirements;3 Home design to be reasonable. Home to the first impression left by visitors is important, the design must be attractive in order to have a good visual effect. The contents of the website and functionThe content of the web site is to be a new, fast, all three sides. The content of the website, including the type of static, dynamic, functional and things to deal with. Website content is determined in accordance with the nature of the site, in the design of the site, commercial websites, popular science site, company websites, teaching and exchange websites, the content and style are different. We have established websites with the nature of these types of sites are not the same. The structure website1 site structure;2 definition of navigation;3 Visual Design;4 framework and design pages. 3 Site Design and ImplementationWith increasing demands on design, high style, high-grade design work before gaining popularity. This also to the designers have put forward higher requirements, from this point of view, the plate design is to meet the requirements of the people should be and Health. The rapid development of science and technology, the Internet into millions of households, also produced a new design space, and a new web design an important part of the field of design. Excellent web design, we must have good creative, so that the audience can be difficult to shift attention long time, produce power. Layout is very important, through text, graphics space portfolio, can best express harmony with the United States. If you want to further understand website design, made separately from other web site's homepage, you need to have more like CSS, javascript, CGI, and other web design technology. In building on the site of the CSS, javascript and other web design technology. Application Design website CSS(1)What is CSS CSS is a style sheet stylesheet technology. Some of them called CSS Cascading Stylesheet.2 the combination of CSS and HTML form. Mode 1: The CSS content, as defined in the writing between the labels. Mode 2: CSS will be preserved as a separate text file, and then from labels to call.3 CSS the web site of examples. The web site pages, and increase the following definition so that the pages show with special effects. Application Design website javascriptjavascript and the emergence of making information between users is not only a display and browse the relationship, but to achieve a real-time,dynamic, cross-expression. Thus based on the CGI static HTML pages will be to provide dynamic real-time information, and customer response to the operation of the Web pages replaced. javascript scripting is satisfy this demand arising from the language. It's loved by extensive user. Many scripting language it is in a relatively good. and effectively achieve the combination of the computer network computing and network blueprint.4 Construction on the site ExperienceWith the popularity of the Internet, more and more government departments, companies and individuals aware of the need to have their own independent Web site. Below on the design and production sites on some of their own experience. After conducting systematic analysis End, we should carry out system design. Web page design similar to the development of software design, top-down, bottom-up and continuous updating, and other design methods. The main task is to design the content of the sites, including the website information organization structure, appearance, content block, navigation and links, directory structure design. System design is the site ready before the concrete realization of the website to further the realization of more specific requirements, the overall effect on the website, local details have a clearer idea. This entire process is the key site planning.Next is how to achieve their own Web site design issues. The realization of the site, I think the need to be considered in two parts: the realization website; Web servers can be achieved. In the process of achieving website, technology selection is very important. Former major use HTML language, the stronger the interactive website, the proposed use of ASP, JSP, PHP and other programming to help achieve,the more complex Web site may also have its own database. The latter is based on all kinds of different operating systems used Web server software installation and debugging. This stage is the whole process of the most important and most time-consuming part.When we completed the work, the need for website released. At this stage of the production on the website drawing to a close, the main task is to do a good job in the website release to the network, the web site for final modifications, testing, homepage can guarantee normal operation of the network.Published in the website after website to deal with various aspects of the tests, including the possibility of any different web browsers, different visitors have shown normal, ASP, JSP, PHP normal procedure can work, and so on. This stage is the website of trial operation period,the website at this time should be to make up for various shortcomings, the website will be more perfected.After a period of operation, the site entered the normal operation period, the main task is to update outdated information website, the visitor's message timely feedback to further improve the website, the introduction of new technologies constantly update website, visit web pages more quickly, more aesthetic appearance, Information Resources richer.Above is the establishment of the station to roughly follow the seven steps, seven steps are complementary, but can be the basis of ease of website and complexity of a weakening or strengthening appropriate link. In short, building a successful web site is not an easy task, it needs all-round consideration, the Composite various factors.5 concluding remarksWith the rapid development of Internet technology, in all walks of life have joined the industry to the Internet. Whether from the management side, or from a commercial point of view, the Internet can bring immense vitality. Internet to become a talented designer Shi new world. People will continue to explore, will be the site of the building in the application of new technologies in the web site.网站建设技术1 介绍网络技术的发展,为今天全球性的信息交流与资源共享和交往提供了更多的途径和可能;足不出户便可以知晓天下大事,按几下键盘或点几下鼠标可以与远在千里之外的朋友交流,网上通信、网上浏览、网上交互、网上电子商务已成为现代人们生活的一部分;Internet 时代, 造就了人们新的工作和生活方式,其互联性、开放性和共享信息的模式,打破了传统信息传播方式的重重壁垒,为人们带来了新的机遇;随着计算机和信息时代的到来,人类社会前进的脚步在逐渐加快;近几年网页设计发展,快得让人目不暇接;随着网页设计技术的发展,丰富多彩的网页成为网上一道亮丽的风景线;要想设计美观实用的网页就应该深入掌握网站建设技术;在建立网站时,我们分析了网站建立的目的、内容、功能、结构,应用了更多的网页设计技术;2 网站的定义如何定义网站确定网站的任务和目标,是建设网站所面临的最重要的问题;为什么人们会来到你的网站你有独特的服务吗人们第一次到你的网站是为了什么他们还会再来吗这些问题都是定义网站时必须考虑的问题;要定义网站,首先,必须对整个网站有一个清晰认识,弄清到底要设计什么、主要的目的与任务、如何对任务进行组织与规划;其次,保持网站的高品质;在众多网站的激烈竞争中,高品质的产品是长期竞争的最大优势;一个优秀的网站应具备：1用户访问网站的速度要快；2注意反馈与更新;及时更新网站内容、及时反馈用户的要求； 3首页设计要合理;首页给访问者留下的第一印象很重要,设计务必精美,以求产生良好的视觉效果;网站的内容和功能在网站的内容方面,就是要做到新、快、全三面;网站内容的类型包括静态的、动态的、功能的和事物处理的;确定网站的内容是根据网站的性质决定的,在设计政府网站、商业网站、科普性网站、公司介绍网站、教学交流网站等的内容和风格时各有不同;我们建立的网站同这些类型的网站性质均不相同;网站的结构1网站的结构； 2定义导航； 3可视化设计； 4设计框架和页面;3 网站的设计与实现随着人们对设计的要求越来越高,高格调,高品位的设计作品,才深受人们的欢迎;这也就给设计者们提出了更高的要求,从这个角度说,板式设计正是满足了人们的要求应需而生;科技的飞跃发展, 让Internet 走进了千家万户,也产生出新的设计领域空间,而网页设计成为新的设计领域的重要内容;优秀的网页设计,必须有好的创意,才能使观者视线久久难移,产生震撼力;版面设计是很重要的,通过文字、图形的空间组合,能最佳的表达出和谐与美;如果想进一步认识网页设计,做出有别于一般网站的网页,就需要掌握更多像CSS 、javascript 、CGI 等网页设计技术;在网站的建设中就应用了CSS 、Javascript 等网页设计技术;应用CSS 设计网页1 什么是CSS CSS 是一种样式表stylesheet技术;也有的人称之为层叠样式表 Cascading Stylesheet;2 CSS与HTML的结合方式;方式一：将所定义的CSS内容书写在这一对标签之间;方式二：将CSS内容单独保存为一个文本文件,再由标签来调用;3 CSS在网站中的应用事例;在网站中的页面,增加了以下的定义, 使页面有特殊的显示效果;应用Javascript 设计网页Javascript的出现使得信息和用户之间不仅只是一种显示和浏览的关系,而是实现了一种实时的、动态的、可交式的表达能力;从而基于CGI静态的HTML 页面将被可提供动态实时信息,并对客户操作进行反应的Web页面的取代;Javascript脚本正是满足这种需求而产生的语言;它深受广泛用户的喜爱;它是众多脚本语言中较为优秀的一种;与的结合有效地实现了网络计算和网络计算机的蓝图;4 关于网站建设的几点体会随着Internet的普及,越来越多的政府部门、公司和个人意识到需要拥有自己的独立网站;下面就设计和制作网站谈谈自己的一些体会;在进行完系统分析之后,我们就应该进行系统的设计;网页的设计类似于软件开发的设计,有自顶向下、自底向上和不断增补等设计方法;主要任务是网页内容的设计,包括网页的信息组织结构、外观、内容分块、导航与链接、目录结构等设计;系统设计是网站具体实现前的准备,对网页的实现进一步提出更具体的要求,对网页的整体效果、局部细节有更明确的设想;这个过程是整个网站规划中的关键;接下来就是如何将自己设计的网站实现的问题;对于网站的实现,我认为需要考虑两部分：网页的实现；Web服务器的实现;在网站实现的过程中,技术选型很重要;前者主要使用HTML语言,对于交互性较强的网站来说,建议采用ASP、JSP、PHP等编程来辅助实现,更为复杂的网站可能还会有自己的数据库;后者则用到各种基于不同操作系统的Web服务器软件的安装、调试;这个阶段是整个过程中最主要也最耗时的一部分;当我们完成了上述工作后,就需要进行网页发布了;到了这个阶段,网页制作就接近尾声,主要工作是把做好的网页发布到网络上,对网页作最后的修改、测试,保证网页能在网络上正常地运行;在网页发布以后,应对网页进行各个方面各种情况的测试,包括网页能否对任何不同的浏览器、不同的访问者都表现正常,ASP、JSP、PHP程序能否正常工作等等;这个阶段是网页的试运行期,此时应把网页的各种缺陷尽量弥补,使网页更加完善;经过一段时期的运行,网站就进入了正常运行期,主要工作是及时更新网页过时的信息,及时对访问者的留言做出反馈,进一步完善网页,不断采用新的技术更新升级网页,使网页的访问更迅速,外观更美观,信息资源更丰富;以上就是建站要大体遵循的七个步骤,这七个步骤是相辅相成的,但可根据网页的难易程度和复杂度适当增强或减弱某个环节;总之,建设一个成功的网站并非一件容易的事,它需要全方位考虑,综合各方面的因素;5 结束语随着Internet技术的突飞猛进,各行各业都在加入Internet的行业中来;无论从管理方面,还是从商业角度来看,Internet都可以带来无限生机;Internet成为了一个设计人员施才华的新天地;人们将不断探索,将网站建设中的新技术应用在网站中;。
网站设计毕业论文--基于ASP的甜品店网站系统(含外文翻译)
毕业论文（设计）基于ASP的甜品店网站系统诚信声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业设计（论文）是我个人在导师指导下, 由我本人独立完成。
有关观点、方法、数据和文献等的引用已在文中指出,并与参考文献相对应。
据我查证，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表和撰写的研究成果，也不包含为获得其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。
我承诺，论文中的所有内容均真实、可信。
如在文中涉及到抄袭或剽窃行为，本人愿承担由此而造成的一切后果及责任。
毕业论文（设计）作者签名：签名日期：2012年月日摘要Internet以惊人的速度对经济活动和社会活动产生日益广泛的影响，internet加剧了企业的生存环境，加快了整个市场的结构变革。
为了在市场竟中生存和发展，企业必须实现信息化。
企业网站是企业信息化的重要组成部分，是企业信息化的要求和电子商务的基础平台，企业网站的建立意义在于树立企业的形象，建立新型的商务管理模式，为企业客户提供更完善的服务，加强企业与社会之间的信息联系，改善内部管理，提高运营的效率。
本系统主要是运用ASP+Access作为系统开发工具，实现了前台企业网站的公司产品展示，接收客户留言，接收求职者简历,后台管理产品信息，管理留言信息，添加友情链接等功能。
关键词：企业信息化；企业网站；电子商务AbstractThe network is more and more widely used in activities and social activities at an alarming rate. The Internet has changed the living environment of enterprise. It also changed the structure of the market quickly. In order to survive and develop in market competition, enterprises must realize that information is very important. Enterprise website is an important part to is the need of it and the basic platform of e-commerce, enterprise website is build to resume of corporate image, to establish a new business management model and to provide better service for enterprise customers, to strengthen the information links between the enterprise and the society, to improve the internal management and the operational efficiency.The system mainly used ASP and Access as the system development tools, implementation the enterprise website product display, receiving a message, receiving the resume of job seekers, background management product information, managing information, add links and other functions.Keywords: enterprise; business information; corporate websites目录第一章绪论 (1)1.1 引言 (1)1.2背景及分析 (1)1.3课题意义 (1)1.4论文结构 (3)第二章系统开发的技术基础 (4)2.1网页开发工具Dreamweaver8 (4)2.2数据库软件Access 2003 (4)2.3 ASP(Active Server Page)技术 (6)2.4 HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language)语言 (8)第三章系统总体设计 (9)3.1系统环境 (9)3.1.1系统开发环境 (9)3.1.2系统运行环境 (9)3.2系统功能设计 (9)3.3系统架构 (10)第四章系统详细设计 (12)4.1 系统数据库设计 (12)4.1.1 E-R图的设计 (12)4.1.2数据库的设计 (14)4.1.3数据表的定义 (14)4.2系统主页的设计 (18)4.2.1主页的构成 (18)4.2.2用户操作页面的各部分设计 (19)4.3后台管理员操作界面的主要功能 (28)4.3.1网站管理 (29)4.3.2公司信息管理 (31)4.3.3产品信息管理 (34)4.3.4招聘管理 (40)4.3.5最新通知管理 (43)4.3.6友情链接管理 (46)4.4 系统测试 (46)第五章总结 (48)致谢 (49)参考文献 (50)附录 (51)附录A 主要页面实现代码 (51)B.1 中文翻译 (57)B.2 英文原文 (60)第一章绪论1.1 引言人类社会已经迈入 21 世纪，信息技术的浪潮也冲击着社会的方方面面。
网站设计外文翻译---社交网站：定义、历史以及内涵
danah m. boyd, Nicole B. Ellison
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Volume 13, Issue 1, pages 210–230, October 2007
While we use the term “social network site” to describe this phenomenon, the term “social networking sites” also appears in public discourse, and the two terms are often used interchangeably. We chose not to employ the term “networking” for two reasons: emphasis and scope. “Networking” emphasizes relationship initiation, often between strangers. While networking is possible on these sites, it is not the primary practice on many of them, nor is it what differentiates them from other forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC).
What makes social network sites unique is not that they allow individuals to meet strangers, but rather that they enable users to articulate and make visible their social networks. This can result in connections between individuals that would not otherwise be made, but that is often not the goal, and these meetings are frequently between “latent ties” (Haythornthwaite, 2005) who share some offline connection. On many of the large SNSs, participants are not necessarily “networking” or looking to meet new people; instead, they are primarily communicating with people who are already a part of their extended social network. To emphasize this articulated social network as a critical organizing feature of these sites, we label them “social network sites.”
介绍网站的英语作文
介绍网站的英语作文英文回答：Delve into the virtual realm, where worlds collide and boundaries blur. Websites, gateways to countless possibilities, beckon you to explore the depths of information, entertainment, and connection. These digital canvases paint vibrant tapestries of human endeavor, inviting you to immerse yourself in the tapestry of shared knowledge and experiences.In this digital landscape, websites have evolved from mere repositories of text and images into dynamic hubs of interactivity and engagement. They resonate with the pulse of our collective curiosity, catering to a myriad of interests and passions. Whether you seek to quench your thirst for knowledge, stay connected with loved ones, or simply unwind with a dash of entertainment, websites offer a sanctuary for every digital voyager.At their core, websites are conduits for human expression. They provide a platform for businesses to showcase their products and services, for artists to display their creations, for educators to share their wisdom, and for individuals to share their stories and perspectives. Through the magic of hyperlinks, websites intertwine into a vast interconnected web, forming a labyrinth of knowledge and shared experiences.The impact of websites extends far beyond the confines of the virtual realm. They have revolutionized the way we do business, consume information, and communicate with each other. E-commerce platforms have transformed the retail landscape, making it possible to purchase goods from anywhere in the world with just a few clicks. Educational websites have democratized access to knowledge, empowering learners of all ages and backgrounds. And social media platforms have bridged geographical distances, allowing us to stay connected with friends and family no matter where they may reside.中文回答：进入虚拟领域，那里世界碰撞，界限模糊。
计算机外文翻译---基于PHP和MYSQL的网站设计和实现
译文二：基于PHP和MYSQL的网站设计和实现摘要PHP和MYSQL因为其免费以及开放源码已经成为主要的web开发工具。
作者就基于PHP和MYSQL开发网站进行开发环境问题的讨论。
关键词PHP;MYSQL;发展和实现。
1.介绍随着网络技术的发展，不可避免的带动各种企业传统营销与网络营销的增长。
其中最有效的方法是为他们的公司建立一个网站。
目前网站开发的主流平台包括LAMP(Linux操作系统，Apache网络服务器，MYSQL数据库，PHP编程语言)，J2EE 和.NET商业软件。
因为PHP和MYSQL是免费的，开源等等，他们是为专业的IT 人士开发的。
从网站流量的角度来看，超过70%的网站流量是有LAMP提供的，这是最流行的网站开发平台。
在本文中，我们基于PHP和MYSQL设计了一个网站。
本文的组织如下。
第一节分析开发环境。
第二节中，我们提出基于PHP的开发模型。
然后，第四节是案例研究。
在第五节我们做出结论。
2.发展环境分析A.开发语言的选择，PHP&JSP是三个主流的网站开发语言，它们分别具有各自的优点和缺点，它们之间的比较见表1。
这个项目我们采用PHP作为开发语言的原因如下：免费的。
这个项目小，不需要使用支付开发平台如 and JSP。
强大的支持。
中小型网站，甚至一些大型网站如百度，新浪都把PHP作为开发语言，可以有组与解决在编程上的问题。
良好的可移植性。
尽管起初只能在Linux和Apache Web服务器环境中开发，现在已经可以移植到任何的操作系统，并兼容标准的Web服务器软件。
简单的语法。
PHP和C编程语言有许多的相似之处，所以会C的程序员很容易的就能使用PHP程序语言。
发展快速。
因为其源代码是开放的，所以PHP能迅速的发展。
B.构建开发环境目前有很多基于PHP的开发平台。
通常大多数开发人员喜欢LAMP开发环境。
那些有一定开发经验的可以通过选择相关的服务器，数据库管理系统和操作系统设置他们的开发平台。
外文文献及其翻译电子政务信息
外文文献及其翻译电子政务信息1。
政府信息化的含义？政府信息化是指:政府有效利用现代信息和通信技术,通过不同的信息服务设施，对政府的业务流程、组织结构、人员素质等诸方面进行优化、改造的过程。
2．广义和狭义的电子政务的定义？广义的电子政务是指：运用信息技术和通信技术实现党委、人大、政协、政府、司法机关、军队系统和企事业单位的行政管理活动。
(电子党务、电子人大、电子政协)狭义的电子政务是指：政府在其管理和服务职能中运用现代信息和通信技术，实现政府组织结构和工作流程的重组优化,超越时间、空间和部门分隔的制约，全方位的向社会提供优质规范、透明的服务,是政府管理手段的变革.３。
电子政务的组成部分?①：政府部门内部办公职能的电子化和网络化;②：政府职能部门之间通过计算机网络实现有权限的实时互通的信息共享;③:政府部门通过网络与公众和企业间开展双向的信息交流与策;4．理解电子政务的发展动力?①:信息技术的快速发展；②：政府自身改革与发展的需要;③:信息化、民主化的社会需求的推动;5。
电子政务的应用模式？模式有:１.政府对公务员的电子政务（G２Ｅ）;2.政府间的电子政务(G2G)；3。
政府对企业的电子政务（G2B)；4．政府对公众的电子政务（Ｇ2C）；６。
电子政务的功能？①:提高工作效率,降低办公成本;②:加快部门整合,堵塞监管漏洞；③:提高服务水平,便于公众的监督；④:带动社会信息化发展；7．我国电子政务发展存在的主要问题?①:政府公务员与社会公众对电子政务的认识不足；②：电子政务发展缺乏整体规划和统一性标准；③:电子政务管理体制改革远未到位;④:电子政务整体应用水平还较低；⑤：政府公务员的素质有待提高；⑥:电子政务立法滞后;⑦：对电子政务安全问题缺乏正确认识;8。
政府创新的含义和内容？含义:是指各级政府为适应公共管理与行政环境的需要，与时俱进的转变观念与职能,探索新的行政方法与途径,形成新的组织结构、业务流程和行政规范,全面提高行政效率，更好的履行行政职责的实践途径。
网络规划外文文献及翻译
毕业设计外文文献翻译专业交通运输姓名张有节同组成员赖思琪杨鹏指导老师刘习华Campus Network planning and Construction At present, China's rapid development of the cause of the campus network, to early 2003, almost all colleges have set up their own campus network, and carry out a variety of its services and applications. Campus Network build a rich learning resources to enhance the efficiency of education. But as the number of users increased dramatically increased and the pattern of operations, campus network security is increasingly conspicuous, and the ever threat to the healthy development of the campus network, as an education development of the information industry should not be neglected problem. This paper focuses on the campus network design and the process of building the campus network established the goal of building, campus network technology programme design, information resources construction, application software development, network management and security, the five key issues. The campus network is the infrastructure of importance of school, taking the school teaching, research, managing and outward communicate many roles of etc..The safe condition of the campus net affects the teaching activity of the school directly.Set up in the network of initial stage, the safe problem may still be not outstanding, but along with applied thorough, various data of the campus net would nasty play increment, the safe problem beginning of various each kind perplexes us.The Internet flies to develop soon, to the campus network the teachers and the students' life and studies have already produced the profound influence, the network have already not have no place in our life at. But at enjoy the convenience that high technology bring at the same time, we need to be awake of know, the safe problem of network also become the network application more and more increasingly and seriously huge bar, the situation that the campus network safety hazes already arrived and must unify the management and resolve thoroughly, only good resolve the safe problem of network, the application of the campus network then can be healthy, high speed of development. We should consider the comprehensive usage fire wall and encrypt several measures, such as technique and the anti-virus software...etc. completely, work in coordination, strengthening the management, looking for thebalance point of insure the network safety and the network efficiency from it, the safety of the comprehensive exaltation campus network, thus build up rise a set of real in keeping with safe system of the calculator network of the school.The time today's knowledge-based economy and information technology have the development and popularization of Internet in the world have decided the time the network will become the main tool for information. With the development of computer network technology, network has become an important platform for the exchange of information. Internet-based e-learning with time-sensitive, shared, interactive and many of the characteristics of the individual, so it has a traditional teaching model of unmatched advantages. It created a new teaching model, breaking the traditional teaching model at the time and space limitations, the use of advanced teaching methods and teaching methods, greatly improve the teaching efficiency and teaching effectiveness, teaching and learning activities to enable a new level. Do a good job in the design of the campus network, are among the schools, both internal and external communication between the key and convenient.21st century the size of the campus network and application level are reflected in schools and science teaching and learning environment an important component of the force, so we should make use of existing campus conditions, design a secure, unified campus network.Large Campus Network DesignBusinesses operating large campus networks are increasingly looking for infrastructure upgrades to:(1) Handle high bandwidth applications such as voice, video, and IP multicast Improve backbone capacity for shared Ethernet or FDDI campus backbones(2) Support applications based on Novell IPX, DECNET, AppleTalk, and SNA(3) Offer high availability, performance, & manageability for your company's intranet.Use Layer 2, Layer 3, or ATM backbone solutions to expand your large campus network. In typical designs, the buildings or different parts of the campus connect together across a high performance, switched backbone. Network redundancy andhigh availability is provided at each layer. A high capacity, centralized server farm provides resources to the campus, and when combined with Cisco IOS, network management strategies support QoS, security, troubleshooting, and other common management features from end to end.Medium Campus Network Design A medium campus consists of one large building or several buildings. Networking for a medium campus is designed for high availability, performance, and manageability. This is also called a 'collapsed backbone' design for medium campus networks. Additional requirements of these designs typically include:(1) High performance and availability for bandwidth applications such as voice, video, and IP multicast(2) Shared Ethernet or FDDI building backbone which is running out of capacity(3)Support for applications based on Novell IPX, DECNET, AppleTalk, and SNA Based on the Cisco A VVID architecture, these intelligent network platforms and products provide the basis for a complete network solution.Small campus networks DesignIn most cases, network redundancy is not the top priority, but cost effectiveness is. Additional requirements of these designs typically include:(1) High performance and availability for bandwidth applications such as voice, video, and IP multicast(2) Shared Ethernet or FDDI building backbone which is running out of capacity(3) Support for applications based on Novell IPX, DECNET, AppleTalk, and SNA校园网的规划与构建目前，我国校园网事业飞速发展，至2003年初，几乎所有的大中专院校都建立了自己的校园网，并在其上开展了多种服务和应用。
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网站建设技术*1.介绍网络技术的发展,为今天全球性的信息交流与资在建立源共享和交往提供了更多的途径和可能。
足不出户便可以知晓天下大事,按几下键盘或点几下鼠标可以与远在千里之外的朋友交流,网上通信、网上浏览、网上交互、网上电子商务已成为现代人们生活的一部分。
Internet 时代, 造就了人们新的工作和生活方式,其互联性、开放性和共享信息的模式,打破了传统信息传播方式的重重壁垒,为人们带来了新的机遇。
随着计算机和信息时代的到来,人类社会前进的脚步在逐渐加快。
近几年网页设计发展,快得人目不暇接。
随着网页设计技术的发展,丰富多彩的网页成为网上一道亮丽的风景线。
要想设计美观实用的网页就应该深入掌握网站建设技术。
在建立网站时,我们分析了网站建立的目的、内容、功能、结构,应用了更多的网页设计技术。
2、网站的定义2.1 如何定义网站确定网站的任务和目标,是建设网站所面临的最重要的问题。
为什么人们会来到你的网站? 你有独特的服务吗? 人们第一次到你的网站是为了什么? 他们还会再来吗? 这些问题都是定义网站时必须考虑的问题。
要定义网站,首先,必须对整个网站有一个清晰认识,弄清到底要设计什么、主要的目的与任务、如何对任务进行组织与规划。
其次,保持网站的高品质。
在众多网站的激烈竞争中,高品质的产品是长期竞争的最大优势。
一个优秀的网站应具备：（1）用户访问网站的速度要快；（2）注意反馈与更新。
及时更新网站内容、及时反馈用户的要求；（3）首页设计要合理。
首页给访问者留下的第一印象很重要,设计务必精美,以求产生良好的视觉效果。
2.2 网站的内容和功能在网站的内容方面,就是要做到新、快、全三面。
网站内容的类型包括静态的、动态的、功能的和事物处理的。
确定网站的内容是根据网站的性质决定的,在设计政府网站、商业网站、科普性网站、公司介绍网站、教学交流网站等的内容和风格时各有不同。
我们建立的网站同这些类型的网站性质均不相同。
*Feng Liu ,Lingling Zhang, Jifa Gu, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE AND SYSTEMS SCIENCES, Volume 4.Number 4 .December 20072.3 网站的结构（1）网站的结构；（2）定义导航；（3）可视化设计；（4）设计框架和页面。
3、网站的设计与实现随着人们对设计的要求越来越高,高格调,高品位的设计作品,才深受人们的欢迎。
这也就给设计者们提出了更高的要求,从这个角度说,板式设计正是满足了人们的要求应需而生。
科技的飞跃发展, 让Internet 走进了千家万户,也产生出新的设计领域空间,而网页设计成为新的设计领域的重要内容。
优秀的网页设计,必须有好的创意,才能使观者视线久久难移,产生震撼力。
版面设计是很重要的,通过文字、图形的空间组合,能最佳的表达出和谐与美。
如果想进一步认识网页设计,做出有别于一般网站的网页,就需要掌握更多的象CSS 、javascript 、CGI 等网页设计技术。
在网站的建设中就应用了CSS 、javascript 等网页设计技术。
3.1 应用CSS 设计网页(1) 什么是CSS ? CSS 是一种样式表(stylesheet)技术。
也有的人称之为层叠样式表( Cascading Stylesheet)。
(2) CSS与HTML的结合方式。
方式一：将所定义的CSS内容书写在这一对标签之间。
方式二：将CSS内容单独保存为一个文本文件,再由标签来调用。
(3) CSS在网站中的应用事例。
在网站中的页面,增加了以下的定义, 使页面有特殊的显示效果。
3.2 应用javascript 设计网页javascript的出现使得信息和用户之间不仅只是一种显示和浏览的关系,而是实现了一种实时的、动态的、可交式的表达能力。
从而基于CGI静态的HTML页面将被可提供动态实时信息,并对客户操作进行反应的Web页面的取代。
javascript脚本正是满足这种需求而产生的语言。
它深受广泛用户的喜爱。
它是众多脚本语言中较为优秀的一种。
与WWW的结合有效地实现了网络计算和网络计算机的蓝图。
3.3 应用Dreamweaver 设计网页Macromedia Dreamweaver 是为视觉上设计并且管理网络站点和网页的一个专业的HTML 编辑器。
不论你是比较喜欢手写代码还是在可视化编辑的环境下工作，Dreamweaver 都向你提供有用的工具让你快速起手或提高你的网络设计经验。
Dreamweaver 包括许多编码工具和特征：HTML CSS 和JAVASCRIPT 参考，一个JAVASCRIPT 调试器，和代码编辑器（代码看法和代码查看器）容许你在Dreamweaver 中编辑JAVASCRIPT ，XML 以及其他文本文件。
Macromedia 的双程的HTML 技术可以导入HTML 而不会重新格式化。
而且你如果愿意也可以设置Dreamweaver 清理代码或重新格式化HTML。
Dreamweaver 的可视化编辑的土正也让你快速把设计和功能加到你的页面，而不用写一行代码。
你能查看所有的你的站点的元素或资源。
并且直接从一个容易使用的面版拖拽他们进一个文件。
通过在Macromedia Fireworks 中创建并编辑图象来优化你的开发工作流程，然后直接将他们导入Dreamweaver，或假如直接在Dreamweaver 创造的Flash 对象。
Dreamweaver 是可完全自定义的。
使用Dreamweaver 来创建你自己的对象和命令，修改快捷键，甚至写入JAVASCRIPT 来扩展Dreamweaver 在新的行为、属性面板以及站点报告上的能力。
Dreamweaver 工作区域让我门从Dreamweaver 工作区域的简短的概述开始。
如果你已经没安装Dreamweaver，双击Dreamweaver 图标安装它。
Dreamweaver 工作区域不同工作的方式和用户的水平有不同的界面。
当你安装Dreamweaver 时，下列工作区域打开：当你创造并且编辑页面时，文件窗口显示当前的文件对象面板包含一些图标。
你可以点击插入对象到你的文件。
Dreamweaver 提供许多浮动的面板，例如HTML 式样面板和代码检查器，它使你能够使用另外的Dreamweaver 元素。
Launcher 转载器工具条包含打开关闭你的最经常使用的检查器和面板。
属性检查器所选择的物体或文章的性质，并且让你修改那些属性（哪个属性在检查器出现取决于在文件中选择哪个对象）。
打开Dreamweaver 的窗口，检查器和面板，使用窗口菜单。
靠着在菜单显示项目有一个勾，表示该项窗口项目在当前打开（尽管它可以被隐蔽在另外的窗户后面）。
要打开一个窗口项目，从菜单选择项目名字或使用它的键盘快捷。
使用DreamweaverDreamweaver 能在3 个方法显示一个文件：在设计视图，在代码视图，实际与代码结合视图，（改变你在其正在工作的视图，在Dreamweaver 工作跳选择视图）Dreamweaver 缺省是在设计视图显示文件窗口。
另外，你呢功能使用设计试图的两种方法：在标准视图与布局视图。
（你在对象面板最下面的视图分类选择这些视图）在布局视图你能设计页面布局，插入图形，正文和另外的煤体。
在标准的视图，除了插入图形正文煤体，你能也插入层，创建桢文件，创建表格，并且做其他在布局视图无法做到的改变。
__4.关于网站建设的几点体会随着Internet的普及，越来越多的政府部门、公司和个人意识到需要拥有自己的独立网站。
下面就设计和制作网站谈谈自己的一些体会。
在进行完系统分析之后，我们就应该进行系统的设计。
网页的设计类似于软件开发的设计，有自顶向下、自底向上和不断增补等设计方法。
主要任务是网页内容的设计，包括网页的信息组织结构、外观、内容分块、导航与链接、目录结构等设计。
系统设计是网站具体实现前的准备，对网页的实现进一步提出更具体的要求，对网页的整体效果、局部细节有更明确的设想。
这个过程是整个网站规划中的关键。
接下来就是如何将自己设计的网站实现的问题。
对于网站的实现，我认为需要考虑两部分：网页的实现；Web服务器的实现。
在网站实现的过程中，技术选型很重要。
前者主要使用HTML语言，对于交互性较强的网站来说，建议采用ASP、JSP、PHP等编程来辅助实现，更为复杂的网站可能还会有自己的数据库。
后者则用到各种基于不同操作系统的Web服务器软件的安装、调试。
这个阶段是整个过程中最主要也最耗时的一部分。
当我们完成了上述工作后，就需要进行网页发布了。
到了这个阶段，网页制作就接近尾声，主要工作是把做好的网页发布到网络上，对网页作最后的修改、测试，保证网页能在网络上正常地运行。
在网页发布以后，应对网页进行各个方面各种情况的测试，包括网页能否对任何不同的浏览器、不同的访问者都表现正常，ASP、JSP、PHP程序能否正常工作等等。
这个阶段是网页的试运行期，此时应把网页的各种缺陷尽量弥补，使网页更加完善。
经过一段时期的运行，网站就进入了正常运行期，主要工作是及时更新网页过时的信息，及时对访问者的留言做出反馈，进一步完善网页，不断采用新的技术更新升级网页，使网页的访问更迅速，外观更美观，信息资源更丰富。
以上就是建站要大体遵循的七个步骤，这七个步骤是相辅相成的，但可根据网页的难易程度和复杂度适当增强或减弱某个环节。
总之，建设一个成功的网站并非一件容易的事，它需要全方位考虑，综合各方面的因素。
5.结束语随着Internet技术的突飞猛进,各行各业都在加入Internet的行业中来。
无论从管理方面,还是从商业角度来看,Internet都可以带来无限生机。
Internet成为了一个设计人员施才华的新天地。
人们将不断探索,将网站建设中的新技术应用在网站中。
参考文献：[1]N.Hritonenko, Yu.Yatsenko.Creative destruction of computing systems: Analysisand modeling, Journal of Supercomputing, 38(2006), 143-154.[2]Yu.Yatsenko, work economics and optimal replacement ofagestructured. IT capital, Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 65(2007), 483-497.[3] A.S. Boranbayev, Reference Architecture for Web Applications, Reports of theNational Academy of Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 5 (2007), 18-26. [4]The Spring Framework official website: /.[5]Martin Fowler discusses details of the dependency injection pattern and how Spring.[6]JUnit framework: /.[7]Spring Framework official website - Chapter 9, Transaction management:/spring/docs/2.0.x/reference/transactio n.html. [8] A.S. Boranbayev, Optimal Methods for Java Web Services, News of the NationalAcademy of Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 5 (2007), 38-43.原文二：On site construction technologyFeng Liu，Lingling Zhang，Jifa Gu*1 .IntroductionThe development of network technology for today's global information exchange and sharing funding source in the establishment of contacts and provide more channels and possible. Homes will be known world affairs, according few keyboard or a few mouse clicks can be distant friends thousands of miles away exchanges, and online communications, Internet browsing, on-line interactive, e-commerce has become a modern part of people's lives.Internet era, has created the new people's work and lifestyle, the Internet, openness and sharing of information model, breaking the traditional mode of information dissemination many barriers for people with new opportunities. With computers and the advent of the information age, the pace of the advance of human society in gradually accelerated. In recent years the development of web design, fast people occupied. With the development of web design, a colorful online website together one scenic beauty. To design aesthetic and practical web site should be thoroughly master the building techniques. In building site, we analyzed the websites of objectives, contents, functions, structure, the application of more web design technology.2.the definition of websiteHow definition of websites 2.1Web site identified the tasks and objectives, the building site is the most important issue. Why people will come to your website? Y ou have a unique service? The first people to your website is to what? They will come back? All these issues must be taken into account when the site definition of the problem. Definition site to, first of all, the entire site must have a clear understanding of what the design should understand in the end, the main purpose of the mission, how to carry out the task of organization and planning. Second, to maintain the high-quality Web site. Many websites in the face of strong competition from high-quality product is the greatest long-term competitive advantage. An excellent Web site should have the following:(1) users visit Web site is faster.(2) attention to the feedback and updates. To update the content of the website and timely feedback the user's requirements;(3) Home design to be reasonable. Home to the first impression left by visitors is important, the design must be attractive in order to have a good visual effect.* Feng Liu ,Lingling Zhang, Jifa Gu, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE AND SYSTEMS SCIENCES, Volume 4.Number 4 .December 20072.2 The contents of the website and functionThe content of the web site is to be a new, fast, all three sides. The content of the website, including the type of static, dynamic, functional and things to deal with. Website content is determined in accordance with the nature of the site, in the design of the site, commercial websites, popular science site, company websites, teaching and exchange websites, the content and style are different. We have established websites with the nature of these types of sites are not the same.2.3 The structure website(1) site structure;(2) definition of navigation;(3) Visual Design;(4) framework and design pages.3.Site Design and ImplementationWith increasing demands on design, high style, high-grade design work before gaining popularity. This also to the designers have put forward higher requirements, from this point of view, the plate design is to meet the requirements of the people should be and Health. The rapid development of science and technology, the Internet into millions of households, also produced a new design space, and a new web design an important part of the field of design. Excellent web design, we must have good creative, so that the audience can be difficult to shift attention long time, produce power. Layout is very important, through text, graphics space portfolio, can best express harmony with the United States. If you want to further understand website design, made separately from other web site's homepage, you need to have more like CSS, javascript, CGI, and other web design technology. In building on the site of the CSS, javascript and other web design technology. CSS 3.1 Application Design website(1) What is CSS? CSS is a style sheet (stylesheet) technology. Some of them called CSS (Cascading Stylesheet).(2) the combination of CSS and HTML form. Mode 1: The CSS content, as defined in the writing between the labels. Mode 2: CSS will be preserved as a separate text file, and then from labels to call.(3) CSS the web site of examples. The web site pages, and increase the following definition so that the pages show with special effects.3.2 Application Design website javascriptJavascript and the emergence of making information between users is not only a display and browse the relationship, but to achieve a real-time, dynamic, cross-expression. Thus based on the CGI static HTML pages will be to provide dynamic real-time information, and customer response to the operation of the Web pages replaced. javascript scripting is satisfy this demand arising from the language. It's loved by extensive user. Many scripting language it is in a relatively good. WWW and effectively achieve the combination of the computer network computing and network blueprint.3.3 Dream weaver:Macromedia Dream weaver is a professional HTML editor for visually designing and managing web sites and pages. Whether you enjoy the control of hand-coding HTML or prefer to work in a visual editing environment, Dream weaver makes it easy to get started and provides you with helpful tools to enhance your Web design experience.Dream weaver includes many coding tools and features: an HTML, CSS, and JavaScript reference, a JavaScript debugger, and code editors (the Code view and Code inspector) that allow you to edit JavaScript, XML technology imports HTML documents without reformatting Macromedia’s Roundtrip HTML technology imports HTML documents without reformatting the code and you can set Dream weaver to clean up and reformat HTML when you want it to .Dream weaver’s visual editing features also let you quickly add design and functionality to your pages without writing a line of code. You can view all your site elements or assets and drag them from an easy-to-use panel directly into a document. Streamline your development workflow by creating and editing images in Macromedia Fireworks, then importing them directly into Dream weaver, or by adding Flash objects you create directly in Dream weaver.Dream weaver is fully customizable. Use Dream weaver to create your own objectsand commands, modify keyboard shortcuts, and even write JavaScript code to extend Dream weaver’s capabilities with new behaviors, property inspectors and site reports. The Dream weaver work areaLet’s start wi th a brief overview of the Dream weaver work area.If you haven’t already launch Dream weaver, double-click the Dream weaver icon to launch it.The Dream weaver work area accommodates different styles of working and levels of expertise.When you launch Dream weaver, the following work area items open:The Document window displays the current document as you create and edit it.2The Objects panel contains icons you click to insert objects in you document.Dream weaver provides many floating panels, such as the HTML Styles panel and the code inspector which enable you to work with other Dream weaver elements.The Launcher bar contains buttons for opening and closing your most frequently used inspectors and panels.The Property inspector displays properties for the selected object or text, and lets you modify those properties.(Which properties appear in the inspector depend on the object actively selected in the document.)To open Dream weaver’s windows, inspectors and panels, use the Window menu. A check mark next to an item in the Window menu indicates that the named item is currently open(though it may be hidden behind other windows). To display an item that isn’t currently open, choose the item name from the menu or use its keyboard shortcut. Working in Dream weaverDream weaver can display a document in three ways: in Design view, in Code view,and in a split view that shows both the design and code.(To change the view in which you’re working ,select a view in the Dream weaver toolbar.)By default, Dream weav erdisplays the document window in design view.In addition, you can work with Dream weaver’s design view in two different ways in layout view and standard view.( You select these views in the view category of the objects panel.) In layout view you can design a page layout. Insert graphics, text, and other media; in standard view, in addition to inserting graphics text and media, you can also insert layers,create frame documents, create tables, and apply other changes to your page-options that aren’t avail able in layout view.4. Construction on the site ExperienceWith the popularity of the Internet, more and more government departments, companies and individuals aware of the need to have their own independent Web site. Below on the design and production sites on some of their own experience.After conducting systematic analysis End, we should carry out system design. Web page design similar to the development of software design, top-down, bottom-up and continuous updating, and other design methods. The main task is to design the content of the sites, including the website information organization structure, appearance, content block, navigation and links, directory structure design. System design is the site ready before the concrete realization of the website to further the realization of more specific requirements, the overall effect on the website, local details have a clearer idea. This entire process is the key site planning.Next is how to achieve their own Web site design issues. The realization of the site, I think the need to be considered in two parts: the realization website; Web servers can be achieved. In the process of achieving website, technology selection is very important. Former major use HTML language, the stronger the interactive website, the proposed use of ASP, JSP, PHP and other programming to help achieve, the more complex Web site may also have its own database. The latter is based on all kinds of different operating systems used Web server software installation and debugging. This stage is the whole process of the most important and most time-consuming part.When we completed the work, the need for website released. At this stage of the production on the website drawing to a close, the main task is to do a good job in the website release to the network, the web site for final modifications, testing, homepage can guarantee normal operation of the network.Published in the website after website to deal with various aspects of the tests, including the possibility of any different web browsers, different visitors have shown normal, ASP, JSP, PHP normal procedure can work, and so on. This stage is the website of trial operation period, the website at this time should be to make up for variousshortcomings, the website will be more perfected.After a period of operation, the site entered the normal operation period, the main task is to update outdated information website, the visitor's message timely feedback to further improve the website, the introduction of new technologies constantly update website, visit web pages more quickly, more aesthetic appearance, Information Resources richer.Above is the establishment of the station to roughly follow the seven steps, seven steps are complementary, but can be the basis of ease of website and complexity of a weakening or strengthening appropriate link. In short, building a successful web site is not an easy task, it needs all-round consideration, the Composite various factors.5.Concluding RemarksWith the rapid development of Internet technology, in all walks of life have joined the industry to the Internet. Whether from the management side, or from a commercial point of view, the Internet can bring immense vitality. Internet to become a talented designer Shi new world. People will continue to explore, will be the site of the building in the application of new technologies in the web site.REFERENCES：[1] N.Hritonenko, Yu.Yatsenko.Creative destruction of computing systems: Analysis and modeling, Journal of Supercomputing, 38(2006), 143-154.[2] Yu.Yatsenko, work economics and optimal replacement of agestructured. IT capital, Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 65(2007),483-497.[3] A.S. Boranbayev, Reference Architecture for Web Applications, Reports of the National Academy of Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 5 (2007), 18-26.[4] The Spring Framework official website: /.[5] Martin Fowler discusses details of the dependency injection pattern and how Spring.[6] JUnit framework: /.[7] Spring Framework official website - Chapter 9, Transaction management:/spring/docs/2.0.x/reference/transaction.html.[8] A.S. Boranbayev, Optimal Methods for Java Web Services, News of the National Academy of Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 5 (2007), 38-43.。