Unit致用英语综合教程

9. “The killing of children can never be justified,” wrote Kurt Vonnegut, after he experienced the Dresden bombing.
Reading Comprehension
Para. 10~13
Translation
Reading Comprehension
Translation
BACK
1. 伊拉克与阿富汗的老兵，很难 对“正义之战”做出道德辩护。我
们中的每一位，都挣扎着同自己的
所作所为寻求和解。自杀就像流行
病一般，在战士与老兵中漫延。究
其原因，除了肢体伤残与创伤后精
神障碍之外，第三个因素正得到广
泛的探讨：他们带回来的道德创伤 。
Unit 2
War and peace
Book Three
Second Edition
Unit 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Warm-up Reading A Language in Use Reading B
Project Culture Tips Enjoy English
Warm-up
At the end of World War Ⅱ, Japanese government ignored the
Reading Comprehension
Para. 3~4
Translation
3. After leaving theatres of war, soldiers had been affected to different degrees in those three areas, each of which influences their ability to operate once home. The physical and conceptual components are both too apparent: the soldier who had his testicles blown off or who woke up screaming at night. Moral scars, though less noticeable, have a way of cutting deep, also. And they are not negated as easily as many suppose.
BACK
Pre-reading Tasks
Do you know the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? What were the consequences of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?
BACK
Reading Comprehension
The lonely soldier and the moral scars of war
Translation
Para. 1~2
BACK
1. Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan find little ethical defence in the “just war”. Each of us struggles to make peace with our actions. In trying to understand the ongoing suicide epidemic among soldiers and veterans, a third factor in addition to physical injuries and PTSD (Post-traumatic Stress Disorder) is now being discussed: the moral injuries they bring back.
12. The more time goes by since leaving the army, the more doubts occur about whether I ever did the right thing. I’ve realised I’ll probably never achieve any answers—perhaps for the best—and should get used to living with the unanswered.
2.
在英国桑德赫斯特进行的军官
培训中，他们教我说，战斗力——
即战争中的行动能力——可以细分
为三个相互依存的构成要素：身体
要素（行动的工具）、概念要素（
如何行动背后的理念），以及道德 要素（驱使人们行动的能力）。
Para. 1、2
Reading Comprehension
Translation
3.
离开战场之后，战士们在这三个领域，都
ultimatum issued by the USA and its allied countries. In order to force Japan to surrender, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which killed as many as 260,000 people by the end of 1945. These are to date the only attacks with nuclear weapons in the history of warfare.
Watch the video and answer the following questions.
What do you see in the video?
1
Describe it with your own words.
Do you think it is right for the USA
2
4. During the ensuing firefight with the Taliban, a soldier spotted a girl—he reckoned a four-yearold—on the roof of an Afghan compound, holding a mobile phone to her ear. He assessed she was a Taliban mortar fire controller, directing intense enemy fire onto his patrol position; they were pinned down as a result. He radioed a jet and directed it to drop a bomb onto the girl and the building.
10. Regardless of numbers killed before, soldiers can feel morally bankrupt facing up to the tally they carry. Each death shames us, eroding our claim to a shared humanity—which isn’t a concept that evaporates by joining the military.
Reading Comprehension
Para. 5~9
Translation
5. “I did what I had to do,” he told me.
6. Not such an easy one for armchair moralists to call. Countless soldiers returned with such experiences on their consciences.
8. Soldiers seek justification for their actions in the aftermath, when reflection is afforded. An obvious source for justification—as well as inspiring many to join the military—is the notion of acting on the “right side”, being part of a broader effort to do some good. But try sustaining that narrative after tours in Iraq and Afghanistan. I couldn’t.
13. Sadly, that’s much easier said than done. As the repercussions of Iraq and Afghanistan play out, many soldiers and veterans will continue making the loneliest of decisions.
11. Soldiers and veterans are keenly aware of the ethical damage of war which they’ve instigated, each in their own way. Everyone reacts differently, but guilt and shame are hard to avoid. Sharing such feelings is immensely hard, as many fear being condemned and consequently feel exiled in society.