2013-2014学年浦东新区初三一模

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专题05 句子仿写与修辞

备战2015年中考二轮讲练测专题5：句子仿写与修辞（测案）一、期考典测——他山之石1．（上海浦东新区2013学年第一学期期末初三语文质量测试）下列没有比喻．．的一句是（）（3分）A．额头上一会就滚满了黄豆大的露珠。

B．他那张古铜色的脸很像一块青石板。

C．那极短的发，似刚收割过的庄稼茬，高低不齐。

D．父亲又像问自己又像是问我。

2．（云南省大理地区2013-2014学年第一学期期中考试九年级语文试卷）阅读下面的诗，然后回答问题。

﹙3分﹚春雪韩愈新年都未有芳华，二月初惊见草芽。

白雪却嫌春色晚，故穿庭树作飞花。

诗的三四句运用了什么样的修辞手法？试分析其表达效果。

﹙2分﹚3．（云南省大理地区2013-2014学年第一学期期中考试九年级语文试卷）按照例句的结构形式，仿写句子，表达深深的父爱之情。

（2分）例句：想想你的背影，我感受到了坚韧。

抚摸你的双手，我摸到了艰辛。

不知不觉你鬓角露了白发，不声不响你眼角添上了皱纹。

我的老父亲，我最爱的人。

，我。

，。

我的老父亲，我最爱的人。

4．（北京丰台区2013-2014学年度第一学期期末练习初二语文）对下面这段文字修辞方法作用的分析有误的一项是（）山路旁的树在雨中站立着。

①连天的绿叶一簇簇，一团团，挽着，拥着，静而不滞，动而不浮。

②雨打着片片绿裙翻着卷儿，像击琴键，像跳芭蕾。

③你再看那树干，有的油光发亮，裹着青皮衣；有的挂满雨珠，披着鱼鳞；有的调皮地伸着脖颈，好奇地张望路上的行人。

④这雨中美景怎不叫人心生喜爱之情呢？A．①句运用了拟人的修辞方法，写出了绿叶的茂密，“静而不滞，动而不浮”表现出了连天的绿叶在雨中的情态。

B．②句中“像击琴键，像跳芭蕾”运用了比喻的修辞手法，形象地写出雨打绿叶活泼、灵动、富有韵律的样子。

C．③句运用了排比、比喻、拟人的修辞手法，其中“披着鱼鳞”“伸着脖颈”写出了雨中树叶油光发亮、摇曳动人的姿态。

D．④句运用了反问的修辞手法，突出了雨中美景令人油然而生喜爱之情，表达了作者对雨景的由衷赞赏。

2014届上海浦东新区初三英语一模试卷+答案(含听力文字材料)

浦东新区初三英语第一学期期末质量抽查试卷(满分:150分考试时间:100分钟)Part I Listening(第一部分听力)I.Listening Comprehension(听力理解):(共30分)A.Listen and choose the right picture.(根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片)(6分)B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.(根据你听到话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)(8分)7. A) Japan. B) France. C) Canada. D) China.8. A) With cream in it. B) With sugar in it. C) With cream and sugar in it. D) With nothing in it.9. A) In a post office. B) In a restaurant. C) In a hospital. D) In a library.10. A) Ten. B) Twenty. C) Thirty. D) Forty.11. A) John. B) The man himself. C) The man's mother. D) A travel service.12. A) He attended a lecture. B) He was too busy.C) He had a bad cold. D) He didn't want to attend the party.13. A) On Monday. B) On Friday. C) On Saturday. D) On Sunday.14. A) She can get on the net for free. B) She can buy a new laptop.C) She can get a cup of coffee for free. D) She can provide free Wi-Fi.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false.(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F"表和(6分)15. In China, people eat noodles only with soup.16. Some noodles are called glass noodles because they are thin enough to see through.17. It's difficult for western visitors to eat noodles with chopsticks in China.18. People use a fork and a knife to eat noodles in Thailand.19. People in Italy usually eat spaghetti with meat or tomato sauce.20. People in different countries cook noodles in various ways.D.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences.(听短文，完成下列内容.每空格限填一词)(共10分)21. Joe broke his leg and then the thought about what to do.22. Their plan worked when Simon used a rope to lower Joe down.23. Simon had no idea after he shouted to Joe but in reply.24. Joe thought there was only ice and he prepared to die.25. happened to Joe as he fell in the ice.Part 2 Phonetics，Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)II. Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案)(共20分)26. Which of the following words matches the sound /1aif/?A) laugh B) leaf C) life D) loaf27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?A) The gate is too narrow for a car to get through. B) The facts allow no other explanation.C) A row of children are standing in front of the chairs.D) You can borrow money from the bank to buy your new house.28. Shanghai Disneyland will cover area of 1.5 square kilometres.A) a B) an C)the D)/29. It was reported that a powerful typhoon hit the Philippines November, 2013.A) in B) at C) on D) of30. 1 knocked on the door several times but answered, so I left.A) somebody B) nobody C) anybody D) everybody31 .The professor has given us_ advice on how to improve our memoryA) Much B) many C) a lot D) several32. The football players felt extremely________after they won the game.A) luck B) lucky C) luckily D) unlucky33. There are a lot of trees on________ sides of Century Avenue in Pudong.A) either B) all C) both D) neither34 Nowadays, children under 1.4 meters_________be free to take buses in some cities.A) need B) Must C) shall D) can35. Generally speaking, a computer works_ a human brain.A)more accurately than C) as accurate as B) more accurate than D) so accurately as 36_________ the young girl _________her parents take regular exercise in order to keep fit.A) Not... but B) Either. - .or C) Neither.. .nor D) Not only... but also37. You shouldn't keep a pet_ you have enough time to care for it.A) if B) unless C) though D) when38.一does a CRH train run?一It runs up to more than 300 km an hour.A) How long B) How far C) How fast D) How soon39. Mr. White always expected his son an active part in the classes.A) taking B) take C) takes D) to take40. The suspect admitted_______the chemical in the lab before he killed his roommate.A) to steal B) stealing C) stole D) steal41. The citizens in Shanghai________the highest building, Shanghai Tower, in the near future.A) is going to see B) will see C) sees D) see42. In recent years, Chinese traditional culture________ more and more fashionable.A) has become B) became C) have become D) had become43. useful message he got from his mobile phone this morning!A) What B) How C) What a D) What an44.---May I have a look at your new Wad mini?----_________.A) Sure, here you are. B) You are welcome. C) Hold on, please. D) I agree with you.45.一Would you like me to help you with the suitcase?---___________A) Yes, I'd love to. B) That's very kind of you. C) Sorry, you can't. D) It's a pleasure.plete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.将下列单词No matter whether your have a sweet tooth or not, you can't miss tasting Swiss chocolate. In Switzerland, you can taste as much chocolate as you like, also you may visit many chocolate museums. You will 46 about the history of chocolate, explore the traditions of Swiss chocolate making. and even watch the chocolate production process.If you have a lot of money, taking a chocolate train can be a good 47 .It will be a 48 journey to sit on a first-class seat, taste yummy chocolate, and visit the chocolate factory.You show no 49 in chocolate museums and chocolate trains? Well, a chocolate spa will meet your needs. You can give your whole body a chocolate treat! How sweet it is!Do you love to start your day with a cup of tea in the morning? Maybe you enjoy taking a quiet moment out in the evening to relax with it?Tea has been an important part of daily life in China for hundreds of years. There isa 50 of tea, such as green tea, black tea, flower tea, and yellow tea. But two rising stars inChina's teacups一white tea and dark tea一are becoming more and more 51 .Dark tea is made from rough, old tea leaves which darken to a deep brown colour during thelong process.White tea, produced mostly in Fujian, is made by drying tea leaves. The local People 52 the fresh leaves out on the ground and keep them in jars after they have dried.Both dark tea and white tea have a long history in China. Dark tea and white tea are healthy drinks. Dark tea can 53 fat in the body, lower blood pressure and slow the aging process.plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填词)(共8分)54. Some parents purchase new_________for their kids before Christmas. (toy)55. All the classmates took the difficult exam, but only_________of them passed. (fifth)56. They were proud to say these paintings belonged to___________(they)57. The professor made an interesting at the meeting. (speak)58. Children are fond of reading_________stories in their free time. (excite)59. They had a(n) trip because of the bad weather. (happy)60. PM2.5 is caused by air pollution in some parts of the country. (main)61 .The doctor is ready to on his broken leg. (operation)V. Rewrite the following sentences as required.(按要求改写下列句子，每空格限填一词)(共14分)62. The medicine has a good effect on the illness.(改为一般疑问句)the medicine a good effect on the illness?63. He will be responsible for the new project.(改为反意疑问句)He will be responsible for the new project,________ __________?64. Jimmy promised to work harder in English than before.(对划线部分提问)did Jimmy promise to65. The detective discovered some important clues for the case.(改为被动语态)Some important clues for the case by the detective.66. There was something wrong with the machine as soon as the engineer left.(保持句意基本不变)The machine as soon as the engineer left.67 Will they have a discussion after class? He wanted to know.(把两句连成一句)He wanted to know they have a discussion after class68 for, used to, and, breakfast, have, milk, I, bread (连词成句)V. Read comprehension.(阅读理解共50分)A.Choose the best answer(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案):(12分)How many days of school do you have? Do youwant to have a longer school vacation? Read thetwo letters from people in the town of Watervilleto their local newspaper. The chart ([l表)on theright shows the average number ofschool days insome countries.Letter ATo the Editor:Why do our children have 11 weeks of summer vacation? Many yearsago, 85 percent of Americans worked on farms. Children needed summervacation because they helped with the farm work. Today, only 3 percent ofAmericans work on farms. But our children still have long summer vacations.American students lose one or two months of learning during their summer vacations. Away from school for so many weeks, students forget what they learned. Experts say that students lose maths skills and readingskills. At the beginning of school in September, teachers have to review last year's studies for the first four to six weeks of school.Summer vacations are not great opportunities for learning. Most parents work outside of the home. They can't be with their kids during thelong summer months. Some families can pay for summer camps, but many can't. Most children stay home and watch TV. They are bored. Most children do not learn new skills during the summer.James, TeacherLetter BTo the Editor:I am against a longer school year. I believe people learn everywhere, not just in school. I believe children gain experience in the world. Summer vacation is a great opportunity. Kids can discover the world outside of school. They can learn to do things they can't learn in a classroom. They can learn to swim and ride bikes. They can travel or go to summer camps. They can take time to do things like cooking and art. Some can get summer jobs. They can get work experience or help people in the community. They can spend time with people of other ages. Basically, they can get more experience in the world.Long summer vacations give families time together. During the school year, everyone is busy. During summer vacations, we take time to do things together. Vacations are good for families.Linda, Parent69. According to the chart(图表)，which two countries have the same number of school days?A) England and Australia. B) Singapore and Thailand.C) Japan and the United States. D) South Korea and China.70. James says that, many years ago, most children used their vacation time toA) study in school B) go to summer campsC) have new experiences D) help on the farm71. James says most parents_during the summer months.A) travel abroad B) are with their childrenC) are busy with their work D) go to summer camps72. Linda says children can get ._ during their summer vacations.A) no time to watch TV B) more work experienceC) more classroom time D) better reading skills73. According to Linda, children do a lot of activities except thatA) they learn to swim and ride bikes B) they go to summer campsC) they do cooking D) they improve maths skills74. What is best title of the Letter B?A) Yes to a Longer School Year B) V acations Are a Way of ExperiencingC) Adults Need More V acation Time D) Vacations Are Boring to FamiliesB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)(12分)People of all ages, especially young children, follow comic strips in newspapers, magazines and the movies. Who is your favourite superhero-一.Spiderman? Wonder Woman? These heroes have been around for a long time. Comics came out even earlier. In ancient times, people made funny drawings of animals 75 paper.Comic strips first came out during the 1800s and remain much the same style today. These comics are drawn in connected boxes. The boxes usually show a dramatic 76 . Some comic strips are printed in newspapers, which oftencontinue from day to day. Some people even read the comics before they read the front page.The comic books first 77 during the 1930s. It seemed that everyone wanted to read comic books. They loved reading about the adventures of The Man of Steel and Batman. During the 1940s, the nation was at war and some comic book characters, such as Captain America, reflected (反映)the times. Others, such as Bugs Bunny and Daffy' Duck, made people laugh during this 78 time in history.After the war, people became 79 interested in old comic book characters, so new superheroes had to be made. The new superheroes, such as Fantastic Four, X-Men, and Spiderman, talked and acted more like real people. As time went on, comic books had to 80 TV because TV has offered a lot of fun to people.Comic strips are usually good for a laugh or at least a smile. But they have held a place in history. They take people away from their daily lives into another world. In this world, the hero always wins, and failure only comesto the bad guys.75. A) with B) on C) without D) over76. A) story B) copy C) collection D) picture77. A) grew B) knew C) appeared D) finished78. A) happy B) alone C) noisy D) terrible79. A) more B) much C) less D) little80. A) link with B) compete with C) talk with D) communicate withC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分)You know that eating a sensible diet and getting plenty of exercise help make your body healthy and strong. But do you know that there are ways to make your brain healthier and smarter? Here are seven steps toward a smarter brain.➢Limit your TV viewingNever spend too much time on TV viewing, for it n 81 very little brain activities. Your brain will become weak just as your muscles do. If you do watch TV, choose something educational and meaningful.➢travelTravelling to a 82 country forces you to see and do things in a fresh way, bringing stimulation to the brain.➢Learn a new a languageLearning a new language involves different learning methods. Learning a language sharpens your brain and helps prevent memory p 83 that you may meet in later years.➢Read oftenAs you read, take the time to look up people or places that aren't familiar. Reading makes your vocabulary much 1 84 if you always search for words and definitions that you don't know. Each week, choose an animal, a bird or a fish, and read everything you can about it. Stretch your brain as you become an expert on the subject.➢Calculate w 85 you shopAs you put things in your grocery cart, total everything in your head. See how close you get to the actual total. ➢Use your non-dominant(不占优势的)handIf you are right-handed, use your left hand for everyday activities, or use your right hand if you are left-handed. Doing familiar things in a different way will make your brain c 86 new neural(神经)networks.➢Wechat(微信)!Read messages from people who has different interests. And some say that learning to express v 87 in just 100 words is a great brain challenge.Have a try and do these your brain, and make your brain every day. Little by little you can get into the habit of challenging smarter!D. Answer the questions.(根据短文内容回答下列问题)(12分)My daughter, Tina, began to look for a job several months before she graduated from university. "Because of the financial crisis(金融危机)，it is more difficult to get into a company than to take the college entrance exam." I told her, "You shouldn't have too much hope or you would feel really disappointed." Tina applied for a position in a company in the city center. The competition was fierce. The company was to employ only one among the twenty people. Tina said to me, "I am not afraid of disappointment. As long as I try，there will always be hope!"Everything seemed to go quite well and Tina passed the first round and entered the final in a week's time.On the day of the final interview, Tina and two other candidates(候选人)arrived on time, waiting for the test.To their great surprise, the interview was quite simple, and the interviewer only chatted with them for a moment. The interviewer said to them, "All of you are super. Please go home and wait for our answer. We will tell you the result in three days. Good luck to all of you!" On the third day, Tina received the message from the company telling her that she was not employed. She felt upset. In order to comfort her, I pretended to be relaxed and said, "It does not matter! I believe you will have more opportunities in the future!"Late in the afternoon, Tina suddenly told me excitedly on the phone, "Dad good news! I've made it，I could not wait to ask her, "What's the whole matter?" Tina told me that she received a second message saying that she was employed. She was so confused that she made a call to the company. In fact, the message Tina got in the morning was also part of the test of the interview. The three candidates received the same message this morning and only Tina's reply was satisfying to the company. "How did all of you reply?" I asked. "One did not reply. The other said `Goodbye' and I said 'Thank you'."88. Has Tina graduated from university?(此题1分)89. In the writer's opinion, which was more difficult, to get into a company or to take the college entrance exam?90. How many people entered the final round of the competition?91. Why did the writer pretend to be relaxed when he learned Tina was not employed?92. What does the underlined sentence "I've made it!" mean in English?It means“”.93. What can we learn from Tina? (Give at least two points) (此题3分)VII. Writing.作文(共20分)94. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation(根据所给情景写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格.)Situation: Nowadays many students go to school by bike,by car, by underground... How do you go to school? What do you think of it?眼下不少学生骑自行车、乘私家车、乘地铁等方式上学.你是怎么去学校的?你觉得你的方式如何?谈谈你的想法并简述其理由。

2013浦东新区一模英语考试试题及答案

第I卷（105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Manager and customer. B. Boss and secretary.C. Doctor and patient.D. Friends.2. A. In a department store. B. In an office.C. In a stationery store.D. In a drugstore.3. A. 30 minutes. B. An hour. C. 15 minutes. D. 45minutes.4. A. Cleaning off the dirt. B. Looking for water.C. Digging out the seed.D. Planting something.5. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Excited. D. Surprised.6. A. The book is too expensive. B. The book is of poor quality.C. The book is inexpensive.D. The book is not as good as expected.7. A. He has been offered a new job. B. He has been warned by his boss.C. He has been fired by the company.D. He has been asked to have a holiday.8. A. He did better than expected. B. He failed his test.C. He always gets excellent grades.D. He found his notes.9. A. The man and the woman live on Salisbury Villas.B. The man and the woman are unfamiliar with the area.C. The woman failed to call for directions.D. The directions the woman got were wrong.10. A. The man blamed the woman for being careless.B. The man misunderstood the woman’s apology.C. The woman offered to pay for the man’s coffee.D. The woman made the man’s jacket dirty with coffee.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She was a 19-month-old British girl.B. The hospitals in Qatar were full at that time.C. She was the daughter of a doctor in London.D. The Qatar doctors were unsure how to cure her.12. A. A doctor in Qatar. B. A nurse in London.C. Dr. Brown.D. Agatha Christie.13. A. Substance used in making glass. B. Drug found in a detective story.C. Medicine often used in hospital.D. A deadly poison easily got in Qatar.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The design of the laboratory.B. The laboratory experiment.C.The workbook for the laboratory course.D. A piece of equipment in the laboratory.15. A. Homework must be handed in on time.B. A great deal of equipment is available.C. The students must follow all instructions exactly.D. The students can make choices about the lab work.16. A. The activities take less time.B. The activities are to be done in class.C. Few instructions are given for the activities.D. Students are not required to do the activities.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Questions 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. China has made a series of technological advances _______constructing high-speed railways.A. onB. toC. inD. for26. Our principal would like to accept _______of the practical suggestions on how to improvestudents’ lunch.A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. any27. —Look! Someone _______the laptop.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A. has repairedB. is repairingC. had repairedD. was repairing28. After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only to be told that it_______.A. was being decoratedB. was decoratingC. is being decoratedD. has been decorating29. Babies given more love and affection by their mothers _______deal better with stress andanxiety when they grow up.A. needB. mustC. shallD. may30. The latest research _______shows that micro blog is the most popular social networking toolamong Chinese netizens.A. to undertakeB. undertakenC. undertakingD. having been undertaken31. _______our life goals will guide us to a bright future, without which we may waste ourlifetime.A. Having setB. SetC. SettingD. To be set32.The government will come up with more volunteer projects just _______the volunteer industry.A. to promoteB. to be promotedC. promotingD. being promoted33. _______ you start with one small positive thing during your day, you’ll begin to move into amore positive situation.A. Even ifB. In caseC.As long asD.As far as34. When you are older, you are better equipped mentally to cope with _______happens.A. howeverB. wheneverC. whicheverD. whatever35. A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec. 12, 2012, _______the date, the month and theyear match.A. thatB. on whichC. in whichD. which36. The limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but _______he reaches these limitsdepends on his environment.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. what37. From inside the dark house _______.A. some strange smell cameB. came some strange smellC. had some strange smell comeD. did some strange smell come38. Changing the password on your hacked account isn’t a lasting solution if you don’t removeany virus, _______?A. don’t youB. do youC. isn’t itD. is it39. The word‘positive energy’is becoming more than common in newspapers and magazines_______you could notice.A. beforeB. sinceC. whenD. after40. _______ several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterlyregretted.A. MakingB. Having madeC. MadeD. To makeSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the position. As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. We provide health teaching, __41__ physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient-related services and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that the physician’s order is __42__ or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility to __43__that order or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the __44__. The emotional and physical stress, however, which__45__ due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career __46__. It is sometimes required that we work overtime and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except __47__ friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of medically-related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand __48__ in our medical system. But if __49__ continue as predicted, they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The famous American inventor Thomas Alva Edison once claimed that genius was one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration(汗水). Now, it seems, there is scientific evidence to __50__ his claim. The ideathat geniuses such as Shakespeare, Mozart, and Picasso possessed certain inborntalents is a false belief, according to a study by a British psychologistand his colleagues.After examining outstanding performance in the arts and sports, these researchers concluded that __51__ is determined by opportunity, encouragement, training, motivation, self-confidence, and—most important of all—__52__. Even people who were not thought to be 53__with any special talent could, after having received training, reach levels __54__considered attainable(可获得的) only by gifted individuals. ‘Talent is a false belief, and it is time that people got rid ofit,”they said.This theory—a dramatic__55__ with traditional beliefs—has been __56__ by academics worldwide. In fact, studies of accomplishedartists and mathematicians, and top tennis players and swimmers, have reported few early signs of __57__ in these people before any parental encouragement. No case has been found of anyone reaching the highest levels of achievement without __58__himself or herself to thousands of hours of serious training. Even those who are believed to be exceptionally talented—whether in music, mathematics, chess, or sports—have needed lengthy periods of instruction and practice to achieve their highest level of success. ‘The persistentfalse belief that some people reach high levels of performance withoutspending numerous hours practising__59__ much to the fact that their practice is usually outside the casual observer’s view,’ stated one scientist.The importance of practice has been noticed in athletics. For instance,differences in the composition of certain muscles were once thought to be __60__ predictors of athletic performance. However, the differences in the proportion of certain muscle fibers(组织)that are __61__ for success in long-distance running are largely the result of extendedpractice in running.‘What makes a genius then?’ one may ask. __62__, there is no clear answer. What is known, however, is that ‘nurture’ is at least as important as ‘nature.’ __63__, a supportive environment will do far more for a child’s prospects of success than any inborn gifts. This is a message that most of us will find __64__ —even if we haven’t won the genelottery, our fateis still in our own hands.50. A. make B. challenge C. support D. dismiss51. A. excellence B. harmony C. negotiation D. response52. A. education B. practice C. fortune D. character53. A. satisfied B. concerned C. decorated D. gifted54. A. preciously B. practically C. previously D. primarily55. A. break B. association C. partnership D. relief56. A. doubted B. concluded C. mentioned D. applauded57. A. accomplishment B. treasure C. diligence D. inspiration58. A. adapting B. attaching C. linking D. devoting59. A. carries B. leaves C. owes D. connects60. A. creative B. reliable C. natural D. active61. A. essential B. suitable C. possible D. feasible62. A. Unlikely B. Similarly C. Hopefully D. Unfortunately63. A. To sum up B. In other words C. For example D. In addition64. A. misleading B. puzzling C. comforting D. amusingSection BDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, and C. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You are walking along a lane and never know what you will find. It might be a shop selling oil paintings, or a place where you can buy Dutch cheese. One thing is for sure, you will end up by a canal.Welcome to Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands.The year 2013 will be a good time to explore Amsterdam as the city has a lot to celebrate: the famous canal ring will turn 400 years old. Amsterdam will also celebrate the 160th birthday of Dutch painter of the Van Gogh museum, home to the biggest collection of the artist’s colorful works.The famous canal ring is a trademark of the city. With more than 100 kilometers of canals, it is no wonder that Amsterdam is called the ‘Venice of the north’. But unlike the Italian town, where boats were originally used for transport, the canals in Amsterdam were mainly used for defense in the 17th century. Today ferries on canals offer a different way to explore the city.But to trul y experience Amsterdam, you can’t miss the city’s historic museums and monuments, among which Van Gogh museum is the most famous one. It holds 200 paintings, 700 letters and 500 drawings by the artist. Another famous museum is Anne Frank’s house. Anne Fran k became famous around the world because of a diary she left explaining her and her family’s experience as a Jewish girl during World War II, hiding out in a house hoping that she would not be captured by German Nazis.Amsterdam is small enough to walk or cycle almost anywhere, but it is rarely dull. Best of all it combines its glittering past with a rebellious edginess.65. Which of the following is TRUE of the canals in Amsterdam?A. They had to be rebuilt after years of use.B. They protected the city in ancient times.C. They were built to provide transport for the city.D. They are the main theme of Van Gogh’s paintings.66. In the passage, Amsterdam is described as a city _____.A. that can be explored by footB. that is completely built on waterC. that has two historic museums in allD. that is famous for its modernization67. What can we infer from the passage?A. People get lost easily in Amsterdam.B. Van Gogh spent his life time in Amsterdam.C. Many Jews in Amsterdam were caught by Nazis.D. Taking a ferry ride is the most popular activity in Amsterdam.68. Where would this passage most probably appear?A. In a museum leaflet.B. In a history textbook.C. In an academic magazine.D. In a travel brochure.(B)Which tablet computer should YOU be buying: They are this year's must have... and there's adoes not allowimpossible foranything inappropriate.Pros: Thewell-designed,fun way to play at being a film director.Pros: No otherthe near one millioncreated for specially-designedprograms) available for the iPad. Simple to use, even for thosetechnology.laptop computer, butallows you to use MicrosoftPowerpoint (they are shiny screen —when you're tryingdifferent: itslettering imitatebrilliantly. And yet you can still read the wordsin the dark.69.The underlined phrase ‘stumble across’ most probably means ‘___________’.A. meet withB. quarrel withC. compare withD. compete with70.Which of the following about Surface is NOT TRUE?A. The keyboard will add to the cost.B. The keyboard can serve as a cover.C. You have to pay extra to install Microsoft Word.D. You can watch movies or surf the Internet with it.71. If you are a game lover, which tablet is least likely to be your choice?A. LeapPad Explorer 2.B. iPad 4th generation.C. Microsoft Surface.D. Amazon Kindle Paperwhite.(C)Seligman is leading the research on what might be called Happiness Revolution in psychology. Since World War II, psychologists have focused on fixing what is broken —repairing psychosis（精神病）, and neurosis（精神衰弱）. Research has piled up steadily when it comes to looking at patients who are neurotic, while the happy or joyful people among us have received little scientific examination.When Seligman did a search to find academic articles about such ‘positive psychology’ he found only 800 out of 70,000. ‘Psychologists tend to be concerned with taking a negative 8 person, and helping him get to negative 2,’said Seligman, a psychology professor of the University of Pennsylvania. ‘My aim is to take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6.’In the last 50 years, statistics have shown that we are less happy as a people. ‘While our quality of life has increased dramatically over that time, and we’ve become richer, we’re in an epidemic of depression,’ Seligman said. ‘Depression is 10 times more common now, and life satisfaction rates are down as well.’Seligman argues that the new science he writes about is shifting psychology’s model away from its narrow-minded focus on mental illness towards positive emotion, virtue and strength that increase people’s happiness. If y ou want to be happy, forget about winning the lottery （抽奖）, getting a nose job, or securing a raise. In his new book, Authentic Happiness, psychologist Martin Seligman argues that overall lifetime happiness is not the result of good genes, money, or even luck. Instead, he says we can increase our own happiness by making use of the strengths and virtues that we already have, including kindness, originality, humor, optimism, and generosity. He has named the field ‘Positive Psychology,’ arguing that we would be better off building on our own strengths rather than mourning, and, hence, trying to repair, our weaknesses. By frequently calling upon their strengths, people can build up natural barriers against misfortune and negative emotions, he said.Science has shown that there are several distinct roads to being a happy person —though happiness might not mean what you think. Material goods — even simple ones like ice cream, and massages —are only stimulating things that rapidly give people a boost.To cultivate happiness, we must first find out our individual strengths and virtues. Next, apply the qualities in such a way as to enhance your happiness-generating system.72.The distinctive feature of Seligman’s work lies in ______.A. evaluating the psychological state of peopleB. making a study of people who suffer from mental illnessC. focusing the scientific examination on the happy or joyful peopleD. figuring out the exact number of the academic articles about ‘positive psychology’73.What does Seligman mean by saying ‘take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6’?A. We should focus on happy or joyful people.B. We need more and more happy and joyful people.C. It’s difficult to make people happy from a plus 2 to plus 6.D. Happy people also need to improve their level of happiness.74.According to the passage, which of the statements might Martin Seligman support?A. Promotion leads to true happiness.B. We can rely on our strengths for happiness.C. Intelligent people are usually more satisfied.D. Mental illness should be the focus of psychology.75.The passage mainly talks about ______.A. strengths and happinessB. ways to cultivate happinessC. development of psychologyD. effect of positive psychologySection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A journalist is interviewing Charles Chang, who is recently retired, about life as an Interpol agent. Interpol is the popular name of the International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO). 76.Sometimes people think that Interpol is some sort of international police force, but it isn’t. Its agents arrest people, but they don’t chase criminals from country to country. Instead, each ICPO member sets up a central bureau that acts as a window for joint operations and exchanging information on criminal activities. Let’s say, for example, that police in Australia are looking for a criminal in Thailand. The Australian police might not know which police agencies they should deal with. They might also experience language barriers. Interpol acts as a local contact to help police from different countries overcome those problems.77.Originally, I worked as a police office of the foreign affairs police. Then in 1982, I passed the detective’s test for the Criminal Investigation Bureau (CIB) and was assigned to the Interpol Division. My first task was to attend an ICPO conference in Paris, France, with the director of Interpol Taipei, China. That was my first trip abroad.78.I was a police captain from 1982 to 1989. My job was basically to investigate criminal cases that involved a second country. Since criminal cases are usually urgent, I spent a lot of time communicating with agencies from other countries. When we received information on a crime, we took the necessary actions. We made a search or made an arrest.79.When I was involved, international policing was the responsibility of the CIB. There were two sections at Interpol Taipei, China. The first was a communications section that kept in contact with other communications sections all over the world. The second provided operational support services. Like other police at the CIB, its officers were all detectives selected from universities.They had to speak and write in a foreign language like English, Japanese, Spanish or French.80.It was very challenging work, but it gave me lots of opportunities to travel and study abroad.Oh, and I was once responsible for sending two dangerous criminals back from Japan!Section DDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.We delight in the stories passed down to us by oldergenerations. Tales from the past reveal our loved ones’ truepersonalities that we didn’t know before and can unite familymembers. But they are still just small pieces from a lifetime ofexperience, leaving a wealth of personal memories and stories that can go untold.A growing company, LifeBook, is helping people to ensure that the rich, personal histories of our loved ones can be captured in detail in elegant, well-crafted books that can be handed down through the generations. These individual autobiographies, professionally written and illustrated with photographs, hold a lifetime of memories and can form an everlasting family legacy.Linden, who commissioned(委托写) a book on her father from LifeBook, said, ‘It has been a wonderful thing, both for myself and my father. He was quite worried about it at first, but once it got going he established a very good relationship with Will, his interviewer, and I know they had lots of fun and laughs. He started looking forward to the meetings very much, someone showing interest in him outside the family.’Now, LifeBook is becoming increasingly popular as a gift, requested by sons and daughters who wish to preserve the memories of their older loved ones for future generations. The process of creating a LifeBook brings family members closer together as they learn more about the family’s past. And for the authors, LifeBook gives them a project to focus on. It also gives them the benefits of face-to-face companionship in the weekly interviews.For Linden, it was a highly positive experience, ‘I feel very happy because I have given my father this huge gift. It has made him happier and he’s got a newfound interest in life. He’s got more things to talk about and, I think, a sense of great pride.’‘Also it’s something he can hand down to future generations.We’re all thrilled with the book, delighted —and I’m sure he’llwant to do volume two very soon.’(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NOMORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)81. Tales from the past generations can not only ___________________.82. What does the company, LifeBook, do in those special books?83. Linden’s father started to look forward to the meetings with the interviewer because_________.84. Besides a project to focus on, what else can creating a LifeBook bring its author?第II卷（45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我们为那位杰出的作家感到骄傲。

2024届上海市浦东新区初三一模数学试题及答案

上海市浦东新区2024届初三一模数学试卷（考试时间100分钟，满分150分）一、选择题：（本大题共6题，每题4分，满分24分）1.下列函数中，是二次函数的是（）.A 21y x ；.B 21y x ；.C 221y x x ；.D 21y x．2.已知在Rt ABC 中，90C ，3AC ，4BC ，那么下列等式正确的是（）.A 3sin 3333.已知a .A a4..A 1:45..A .C 6..A .B .C .D 7.如果34x y ，那么x y y．8.计算：43a a b．9.已知线段2MN cm ，P 是线段MN 的黄金分割点，MP NP ，那么线段MP 的长度等于cm ．10.如果点G 是ABC 的重心，且6AG ，那么边BC 上的中线长为．11.已知在Rt ABC 中，90C ，6BC ，3sin 4A，那么AB 的长为．12.如图，ABC 是边长为3的等边三角形，D 、E 分别是边BC 、AC 上的点，60ADE ，如果1BD ，那么CE．13.小明沿着坡度1:2.4i 的斜坡向上行走了130米，那么他距离地面的垂直高度升高了米．14.在一个边长为3的正方形中挖去一个边长为x （03x ）的小正方形，如果设剩余部分的面积为y ，那么y 关于x 的函数解析式是．15.已知点 2,A m ， 3,B n 都在二次函数 21y x 的图像上，那么m 、n的大小关系是：mn ．（填“ ”“ ”或“ ”）16.如图，正方形CDEF 的边CD 在Rt ABC 的直角边BC 上，顶点E 、F 分别在边AB 、AC 上．已知两条直角边BC 、AC 的长分别为5和12，那么正方形CDEF 的边长为．17.平行于梯形两底的直线与梯形的两腰相交，当两交点之间的线段长度是两底的比例中项时，我们称这条线段是梯形的“比例中线”．在梯形ABCD 中，//AD BC ，AD 18.在菱形落在点19.计算：20.（本题满分10分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题5分）如图，已知在ABC 中，点D 、E 分别在边AB 、AC 上，且2AD ，4DB ，3AE ，6EC ．（1）求DEBC的值；（2）联结DC ，如果DE a ，DA b ，试用a 、b 表示向量CD．21.（本题满分10分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题5分）如图，已知在四边形ABCD 中，//AD BC ，90ABC ，对角线AC 、BD 相交于点O ，2AD ，3AB ，4BC ．（1）求BOC 的面积；（2）求ACD 的正弦值．第20题图第21题图221第22题图322.（本题满分10分）上海教育出版社九年级第一学期《练习部分》第48页复习题B 组第2题及参考答案．的代数式表示，以下同），2BD t ；某数学兴趣小组在完成了以上解答后，决定对该问题进一步探究：如图1然后延长（1）（2）（3）如图2然后延长【拓展应用】如图3，在Rt ABC 中，90C ，18AC ，25BC ，点D 、E 分别在边AC 、BC 上，且5DC ，12EC ，联结AE 、BD 交于点P ．求证：tan 1BPE ．第23题图第24题图23.（本题满分12分，第（1）小题6分，第（2）小题6分）已知：如图，在梯形ABCD 中，//AD BC ，对角线AC 、BD 相交于点E ，且DEC DCB ．（1）求证：AD ACCE CB；（2）点F 在DB 的延长线上，联结AF ，2AF AE AC ．求证：EC AF BC AE ．24.（本题满分12分，第（1）小题4分，第（2）题4分，第（3）题4分）如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，抛物线2:M y x bx c 过点 2,2A 、点 0,2B ，顶点为点C ，抛物线M 的对称轴交x 轴于点D ．（1）求抛物线M 的表达式和点C 的坐标；（2）点P 在x 轴上，当AOP 与ACD 相似时，求点P 坐标；（3）将抛物线M 向下平移t （0t ）个单位，得到抛物线N ，抛物线N 的顶点为点E ，再把点C 绕点E 顺时针旋转135 得到点F ．当点F 在抛物线N 上时，求t 的值．第25题图备用图备用图25.（本题满分14分，第（1）小题5分，第（2）小题5分，第（2）小题4分）如图，已知正方形ABCD 的边长为6，点E 是射线BC 上一点（点E 不与点B 、C 重合），过点A 作AF AE ，交边CD 的延长线于点F ，直线EF 分别交射线AC 、射线AD 于点M 、N ．（1）当点E 在边BC 上时，如果15ND AN ，求BAE 的余切值；（2）当点E 在边BC 延长线上时，设线段BE x ，y EN MF ，求y 关于x 的函数解析式，并写出函数定义域；（3）当3CE 时，求EMC 的面积．浦东新区2023学年度第一学期期末练习卷初三数学参考答案及评分说明一、选择题：（本大题共6题，每题4分，满分24分）1．B ；2．D ；3．D ；4．A ；5．C ；6．B ．二、填空题：（本大题共12题，每题4分，满分48分）7．74；8．3a b ；91 ；10．9；11．8；12．23；13．50；14．29y x ；15．<；16．6017；17．23；18．34．三、解答题：（本大题共7题，满分78分）1922+121222……………………（5分）（每个三角比的值各1分）112…………………………………（3分）（后3个数据，各1分）=12．………………………………………（2分）（每个数据，各1分）20．解：（1）∵AD =2，DB =4，AE =3，EC =6，∴12 AD DB ，12 AE EC ．∴ AD AEDB EC．……………………………………（1分）∴DE//BC ．……………………………………………………………………（1分）∴ DE ADBC AB ．………………………………………………………………（1分）∵12 AD DB ，∴13 AD AB ．……………………………………………………（1分）∴13DE BC ．…………………………………………………………………（1分）（2）∵13 DE BC ，∴BC =3DE ．∵ BC 和 DE 方向相同，∴3 BC DE ．（1分）∵ DE a ，∴3BC a ．…………………………………………………（1分）∵12 AD DB ，∴DB =2AD ．∵ BD 和 DA 方向相同，∴2 BD DA ．……（1分）∵ DA b ，∴2BD b ．…………………………………………………（1分）∵ CD BD BC ，∴23CD b a ．………………………………………（1分）21．解：（1）∵AD//BC ，∴AD AOBC OC．…………………………………………（1分）∵AD =2，BC =4，∴1=2AO OC ．∴23OC AC ．………………………………（1分）∵△BOC 和△ABC 同高，∴2=3BOC ABC S OC S AC ．……………………………（1分）在Rt △ABC 中,∠ABC=90°，AB=3，BC =4，∴1=34=62ABC S ．…（1分）∴=4 OBC S ．……………………………………………………………………（1分）（2）过点D 作DM ⊥BC ，垂足为点M ，过点D 作DH ⊥AC ，垂足为点H ．在Rt △ABC 中,∠ABC=90°，AB=3，BC =4，∴AC =5．∵AD ∥BC ，AB ⊥BC ，DM ⊥BC ，∴AB =DM ．∴△ADC 和△ABC 等高．∴1==2ADC ABC S AD S BC ．∴=3 ACD S ．……………（1分）∴1=32 AC DH ．∴6=5DH ．………………………………………………（1分）∵DM ⊥BC ，∴∠DMC=90°．∵∠ABC =90°，∴∠ABC=∠DMC ．∴AB ∥DM ．∵AD ∥BC ，∴四边形ABMD 是平行四边形．∴BM=AD=2，DM=AB=3．∵BC =4，∴MC=2．…………………………（1分）在Rt △DMC 中,∠DMC=90°，DM=3，MC =2，∴ DC ．………（1分）在Rt △DHC 中,∵∠DHC=90°，6=5DH， DC，∴sin 65DH ACD CD ．…（1分）22．解：【问题探究】∠D=22.5°，BD，tan 22.51 ．……………（各1分）【知识迁移】∵BD=AB ，∴∠D =∠BAD ．∵∠ABC =∠D+∠BAD ，∴1=2D ABC ．………………………………（1分）在Rt △ABC 中,2tan 3ABC ，设AC=2k ，BC=3k，则 AB BD ．（1分）∴13tan tan 22AC ABC D DC ．……………………（1分）【拓展应用】联结DE ．………………………………………………………（1分）在Rt △EDC 中,∠ECD=90°，CD=5，CE =12，∴DE =13．∵CE =12，BC=25，∴BE =13．∴BE =DE ．∴∠EBD =∠EDB ．∵∠DEC =∠EBD+∠EDB ，∴1=2 DBE DEC ．∵CD =5，AC=18，∴AD =13．∴AD =DE ．∴∠DAE =∠DEA ．∵∠EDC =∠DAE+∠DEA ，∴1=2DAE EDC ．…………………………（1分）在Rt △EDC 中,∠ECD=90°，∴∠DEC +∠EDC=90°．∴∠DBE +∠DAE=45°．……………………………………………………（1分）在Rt △ABC 中,∠ACB=90°，∴∠ABC +∠BAC=90°．∴∠ABP +∠BAP=45°．∴∠BPE =∠ABP +∠BAP=45°．………………（1分）∴tan 1BPE ．23．证明：（1）∵AD ∥BC ，∴∠ADC +∠DCB=180°．……………………………（1分）又∵∠CEB +∠DEC=180°，∠DEC =∠DCB ，∴∠ADC =∠CEB ．……（1分）∵AD ∥BC ，∴∠DAC =∠ECB ．……………………………………………（1分）∴△ADC ∽△CEB ．…………………………………………………………（2分）∴ AD AC CE CB．……………………………………………………………（1分）（2）∵∠AED =∠CEB ，∠ADC =∠CEB ，∴∠AED =∠ADC ．…………（1分）∵∠EAD =∠DAC ，∴△AED ∽△ADC ．……………………………………（1分）∴ AE AD AD AC．即2 AD AE AC ．…………………………………………（1分）∵2 AF AE AC ，∴22 AD AF ．∴AD =AF ．…………………………（1分）∵AD ∥BC ，∴AE ADEC BC．……………………………………………（1分）∴ AE AF EC BC．即 EC AF BC AE ．………………………………………………………（1分）24．解：（1）抛物线M ：2y x bx c 过点A （2，2）、点B （0，2），∴4222.，b c c ………………………………………………………（2分）∴2 b ，2 c ．∴抛物线M 的表达式是222 y x x ．………………………………（1分）∴点C 的坐标为（1，3）．…………………………………………………（1分）（2）由（1）得抛物线的对称轴是直线1 x ．……………………………（1分）过点A 作AH 垂直直线1 x ，垂足为点H ．∴点H 的坐标为（1，2）．过点A 作AG 垂直x 轴，垂足为点G ．∴点G 的坐标为（2，0）．在Rt △ACH 与Rt △AOG 中，根据题意可得tan 1 AH ACH CH ，tan 1 AGAOG OG．∴tan tan ACH AOP ，∴∠ACH =∠AOP ．……………………………（1分）∴当△AOP 与△ACD 相似时，有 CA CD OA OP 或CA CDOP OA．○1 CA CDOA OP 3 OP，OP =6．点P 的坐标是（6，0）．……………（1分）○2CA CDOP OA ， OP 43 OP ．点P 的坐标是（43，0）．………（1分）∴综上所述，点P 的坐标是（6，0）或（43，0）．（3）过点F 作FQ 垂直直线1 x ，垂足为点Q ．根据题意可得∠FEQ =45°，FE =CE =t ．……………………………………（1分）在Rt △EFQ 中,∵∠EQF=90°，∠FEQ =45°，FE =t ，∴EQ=FQ =2t ．∴点F 的坐标是（1+2t ，32t ）．………………………………（1分）∵当点F 在平移后的抛物线N ：21)3（y x t 上时，可得231)322（1+t t t ．……………………………（1分）解得10 t （舍），2 t 1分）25．解：（1）根据题意可得∠ABC =∠BAD=∠ADC=90°，AB =BC =CD =AD =6，AD ∥BC ．∴∠BAE +∠EAD=90°，∠ADF=∠ABC =90°．∵AF ⊥AE ，∴∠DAF +∠EAD=90°．∴∠BAE=∠DAF ．∴△BAE ≌△DAF ．∴DF =BE ．……………………………………………（1分）设BE=x ，则DF =BE =x ，EC =6－x ，FC =6＋x ．∵正方形ABCD 的边长为6，15ND AN ，∴ND=1，AN =5．………………（1分）∵AD ∥BC ，∴ ND FD EC FC ．即166xx x．……………………………（1分）整理得2560 x x ．解得12 x ，23 x ．……………………………（1分）当2 x 时，6cot 32 BE BAE AB ；当3 x 时，6cot 23BE BAE AB ．∴∠BAE 的余切值为2或3．………………………………………………（1分）（2）当点E 在边BC 延长线上时，根据条件可证△BAE ≌△DAF ．∴AE =AF ．∴∠AEF ＝∠AFE ．∵AF ⊥AE ，∴∠EAF=90°．∵∠EAF ＋∠AEF ＋∠AFE ＝180°，∴∠AEF ＝∠AFE=45°．∴∠ANE ＝∠AFE ＋∠FAD =45°＋∠FAD ．∵四边形ABCD 是正方形，∴∠DAC=45°．∴∠MAF ＝∠DAC ＋∠FAD =45°＋∠FAD ．∴∠ANE ＝∠MAF ．∴△ANE ∽△MAF ．…………………………………………………………（2分）∴ EN AE FA MF．∴2== y EN MF AE FA AE ．…………………………（1分）在Rt △ABE 中,∠ABE=90°，AB =6，BE=x ，∴22=36 AE x ．即2=36 y x ．（x ＞6）…………………………………………………（2分）（3）有两种情况：点E 在边BC 上，点E 在边BC 延长线上．（i ）当点E 在边BC 上时．易证△EMC ∽△AMF ，△AMF ∽△AFC ．∴△EMC ∽△AFC ．∴2= （EMC AFC S EC S AC．…………………………………………………………（１分）∵EC =3，AC=1=96=272 AFC S ，∴27=8EMC S ．……………（1分）（ii ）当点E 在边BC 延长线上时．易证△EMC ∽△AMF ，△AMF ∽△AFC ．∴△EMC ∽△AFC ．∴2= （EMC AFC S EC S AC．…………………………………………………………（１分）∵EC =3，AC=1=156=452AFC S ，∴45=8EMC S ．……………（1分）综上所述，△EMC 的面积为278或458．。

2014年上海浦东新区中考语文一模

2013-2014学年上海浦东新区九年级（上）期末语文复习题及答案第一部分文言文阅读（42分）（一）默写（18分）1．山光悦鸟性，。

（《题破山寺后禅院》）2．，随风直到夜郎西。

（《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》）3．万里悲秋常作客，。

（《登高》）4．，一种相思，两处闲愁。

（《一剪梅》）5．子曰：“敏而好学，，是以谓之文也”。

（《论语·公冶长》）6．酿泉为酒，。

（《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面一首元曲，完成第7——8题（4分）四块玉·别情（元）关汉卿自送别，心难舍，一点相思几时绝？凭阑袖拂杨花雪。

溪又斜，山又遮，人去也！7．曲中“杨花雪”的意思是（2分）8．下列选项对此曲理解恰当的一项是（）（2分）A．“自送别，心难舍，一点相思几时绝？”写出了女子与爱人在分别之时，难舍难分，哀婉凄苦之情。

B．“凭阑袖拂杨花雪。

”作者凭栏远眺，凝望爱人远去的背影，伤心欲绝，眼前美景却衬托的是离别的悲情。

C．此曲的结尾，把相思之苦推向高潮。

写出了与爱人别离的伤痛，以及难以见到恋人的绝望。

D．全曲围绕“送别”，在写出女子与爱人别离后的痛苦的同时，也形象地写出了女子不顾山水之隔，要去与恋人团聚的迫切心情。

（三）阅读下文，完成第9——11题（8分）若夫霪雨霏霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，浊浪排空。

日星隐曜，山岳潜形。

商旅不行，樯倾楫摧。

薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。

登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。

至若春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷。

沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳。

岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。

而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧。

渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣。

嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为。

何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲。

居庙堂之高，则忧其民，处江湖之远，则忧其君。

是进亦忧，退亦忧。

然则何时而乐耶？其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”欤！噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？9．本文的作者是（朝代）的 (人名)（2分）10．用现代汉语翻译下面的句子（3分）予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为。

上海浦东新区初三一模数学平均分

一、引言上海浦东新区初三一模数学考试是学生们面临的一次重要考试。

对于学生来说，数学成绩不仅影响着他们学业成绩，更可能影响他们未来的学习方向和职业选择。

初三一模数学考试的成绩一直备受关注。

本文将对上海浦东新区初三一模数学平均分进行深入分析，以了解学生整体数学水平和学校教学质量。

二、数据来源1. 数据收集方式本文的数据来源于上海浦东新区教育局发布的初三一模数学成绩榜单。

该榜单包含了所有参加考试的学校和学生成绩排名情况。

2. 数据范围本文的数据范围为上海浦东新区内所有初三学生的数学成绩。

初三学生普遍芳龄较大，数学知识体系相对完整，因此该数据具有一定的代表性。

三、数据分析1. 平均分概况根据上海浦东新区初三一模数学成绩榜单，学生的平均分为________分。

在全区范围内，有________的学生的数学成绩高于平均分，而有________的学生的数学成绩低于平均分。

2. 学校比较通过分析榜单中的学校数据，可以发现不同学校之间数学成绩存在差异。

其中，有些学校的平均分高于全区平均分，而有些学校的平均分低于全区平均分。

对于成绩较好的学校，值得进一步研究其教学模式和方法，以期为其他学校提供借鉴。

3. 学生个体分析本文还将分析部分学生的成绩情况。

通过对高分和低分的学生进行比较，可以找出影响学生数学成绩的关键因素，为学生提供更好的学习指导。

四、影响因素探讨1. 教学质量学校的教学质量是影响学生数学成绩的重要因素之一。

教师教学水平、教学资源配置等都会直接影响学生的学习效果。

2. 学习态度学生的学习态度也是影响数学成绩的关键因素。

积极主动的学习态度往往会带来更好的成绩，而消极懈怠的学习态度则往往会拉低学生的学习效果。

3. 家庭环境学生的家庭环境同样会影响其数学成绩。

良好的家庭环境和家长的关爱对学生成绩有着积极的促进作用。

五、对策建议1. 加强教学质量学校教育部门应加强对中小学教师的培训，提高他们的教学水平和教学质量。

要加大对学校的教学资源投入，提高教学设施和设备的质量，为学生提供更好的学习环境。

2024届浦东新区初三语文一模试卷

2024届浦东新区初三语文一模试卷一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1、下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A.踌躇（chú）拗口（ǎo）B.祈祷（qí）恣睢（zì）C.拮据（jū）隐匿（nì）D.鄙夷（bǐ）胆怯（què）2、下列句子中，加点成语使用不正确的一项是（）A.小王同学演讲时口若悬河，赢得了大家的阵阵掌声。

B.面对错综复杂的局面，我们一定要明察秋毫，才能找到解决问题的方法。

C.这座古老的建筑经过修缮，重新焕发出生机，成为城市里一道亮丽的风景。

D.在这个问题上，我们不能人云亦云，要有自己的独立见解。

3、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A.通过大家的共同努力，使我们班在年级比赛中取得了第一名的好成绩。

B.为了防止这类交通事故不再发生，我们加强了交通安全的教育和管理。

C.在阅读经典文学作品的过程中，使我明白了许多做人的道理。

D.能否培养学生的思维能力，是衡量一节课是否成功的重要标准。

4、下列句子中，标点符号使用不正确的一项是（）A.“这究竟是怎么回事呢？同志们。

”厂长严肃地说。

B.挫折和磨难是人生的一种经历，也是一笔财富。

C.“快来呀！”杰里冲着我大喊，“就因为你过去做得不对——现在来做补救还来得及！”D.“大桥就要通车了，”他环视了一下会场说，“请大家咬紧牙关，作最后的冲刺。

”5、下列句子中，文学常识表述不正确的一项是（）A.《出师表》是三国时期蜀汉丞相诸葛亮写给刘备的一篇表文，文章主要是以议论为主，兼用记叙和抒情，以恳切委婉的言辞劝勉后主要广开言路、严明赏罚、亲贤远佞，以此兴复汉室，还于旧都（洛阳）；同时也表达自己以身许国，忠贞不二的思想。

B.《我的叔叔于勒》是法国作家莫泊桑创作的短篇小说，这篇文章主要写“我”一家人在去哲尔赛岛途中，巧遇于勒的经过，刻画了菲利普夫妇在发现富于勒变成穷于勒的时候的不同表现和心理，通过菲利普夫妇对待于勒的不同态度揭示并讽刺了在阶级社会中，人与人之间关系的疏远情形。

2023-2024学年上海市浦东新区九年级上学期(一模)期末英语试题

2023-2024学年上海市浦东新区九年级上学期（一模）期末英语试题1. 根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片。

A. B. C. D. E. F._______ _______ _______ _______ _______2.A．Coffee. B．Tea. C．Juice. D．Water.3.A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.4.C．To the school. D．To the hospital.A．To the museum. B．To therestaurant.5.A．Manager and secretary. B．Doctor and patient.C．Waitress and customer. D．Passenger and taxi driver.6.A．She thinks there is a book better than it. B．She doesn’t like the book at all.C．She likes the book so much. D．She has no idea about the book.判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示。

7. Tomatoes have been human’s food since a long time ago.8. The first tomatoes were larger than the ones we eat today.9. Italians used to believe tomatoes would make you fall in love.10. People thought tomatoes were a vegetable because of their taste.11. The passage mainly tells us how to plant and eat tomatoes.听对话，用听到的单词完成下列句子。

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浦东新区2013学年第一学期期末质量测试初三语文（满分50分，考试时间100分钟）2014.1一、文言文（42分）（一）默写（18分）1．当年万里觅封侯，_________________________。

（《诉衷情》）2．了却君王天下事，_________________________。

（《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄》）3．_____________________，雪尽马蹄轻。

（《观猎》）4．_____________________，带月荷锄归。

（《归园田居》）5．日星隐曜，____________________。

（《岳阳楼记》）6．山水之乐，______________________。

（《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面的两首小令，完成第7—8题。

（4分）天净沙·秋白朴孤村落日残霞，轻烟老树寒鸦，一点飞鸿影下。

青山绿水，白草红叶黄花。

天净沙·秋思马致远胡腾老树昏鸦，下桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马。

夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。

7．《天净沙·秋》中“__________”和《天净沙·秋思》中“___________”，表明两首小令写的都是黄昏之景。

（2分）8．选出下列正确的一项是______（2分）A．两首小令是同一曲牌，所以韵脚相同。

B．两首小令都描写的萧瑟荒凉的秋景。

C．两首小令写景都由远及近、实虚结合。

D．两首小令都抒发了游子思归的情怀。

（三）阅读下文，完成第9—11题。

（8分）潍县署中寄舍弟墨第一书读书以过目成诵为能，最是不济事。

眼中了了，心下匆匆，方寸无多，往来应接不暇，如看场中美色，一眼即过，与我何与也？千古过目成诵，孰有如孔子者乎？读《易》至韦编三绝，不知翻阅过几千百遍来，微言精义，愈探愈出，愈研愈入，愈往而不知其所穷。

虽生知安行之圣，不废困勉下学之功也。

东坡读书不用两遍，然其在翰林读《阿房宫赋》至四鼓，老吏史苦之，坡洒然不倦。

岂以一过即记，遂了其事乎！惟虞世南、张睢阳、张方平，平生书不再读，迄无佳文。

且过辄成诵，又有无所不诵之陋。

即如《史记》百三十篇中，以《项羽本纪》为最，而《项羽本纪》中，又以钜鹿之战、鸿门之宴、垓下之会为最。

反覆诵观，可欣可泣，在此数段耳。

若一部《史记》，篇篇都读，字字都记，岂非没分晓的钝汉！更有小说家言，各种传奇恶曲，及打油诗词，亦复寓目不忘，如破烂厨柜，臭油坏酱悉贮其中，其龌龊亦耐不得！9．选文出自《______________________》，作者是____________（人名）。

（2分）10．翻译文中画线句，注意加点词的含义。

（3分）读书以．过目成诵为能，最是不济事。

_______________________________________________________________________11．下列说法错误的一项是（）（3分）A．虞世南、张睢阳、张方平“迄无佳文”，原因是读书不深入。

B．写孔子、苏轼读书的事例，表明圣贤要有所成就也必须勤奋苦读。

C．作者反对“过目成诵”和“无所不诵”的读书态度和方法。

D．作者认为《史记》中最值得“反复诵观”的只有《项羽本纪》（四）阅读下文，完成第12—15题。

（12分）郭子仪初与李光弼①俱．为安思顺牙将②，不相能③，虽同席不交谈。

后子仪代思顺为将，光弼恐见诛，乃跪请曰：“死所甘心，但乞贷④妻子。

”子仪趋堂下，握其手曰：“今国乱主辱，非公不能定．，仆岂敢怀私忿哉！”因涕泣勉以忠义，即荐之为节度使⑤，遂同破贼，无纤毫猜忌。

（选自《资治通鉴》）【注释】①郭子仪初、李光弼：唐朝人，平定“安史之乱”的主要将领。

②牙将：副将。

③不相能：互相看不起。

④贷：宽恕。

⑤节度使：古代官名，总揽数州军事。

12．解释文中加点词。

（4分）（1）俱．为安思顺牙将 __________（2）非公不能定．__________13．对画线句翻译正确的一项是_______。

（3分）A．接着（郭子仪）流着泪勉励（李光弼）来为国尽忠。

B．接着（郭子仪）流着鼻涕勉励（李光弼）来为国尽忠。

C．接着（郭子仪）流着泪用忠君爱国的道理勉励（李光弼）。

D．接着（郭子仪）流着鼻涕用忠君爱国的道理勉励（李光弼）。

14．李光弼向郭子仪“跪请”的原因是“______________________”。

（2分）15．从郭子仪对待李光弼的态度来看，郭子仪是一个___________、__________的人。

（3分）二、现代文（48分）（一）阅读下文，完成第16—20题。

（21分）帕瓦罗蒂的“椅子观”陈鲁民①意大利著名男高音歌唱家帕瓦罗蒂去世了，人们纷纷在怀念他，怀念他那响遏行云的歌声，也怀念他不懈奋斗的一生，我不由地想起了他的“椅子观”。

②帕瓦罗蒂生前在回顾自己走过的成功之路时说：“当我还是一个孩子时，我兴趣广泛，有很多爱好和目标……父亲告诫我说：‘孩子，如果你想同时坐两把椅子，你就会掉到两把椅子之间的地上。

在人生道路上，你应该选定一把椅子。

’③“经过反复考虑，我选择了唱歌。

于是，经过七年的不懈学习，终于第一次登台演出。

又用了七年，才得以进入大都会歌剧院。

而第三个七年结束时，我终于成了歌唱家。

要问我成功的诀窍，那就是一句话：请你选定一把椅子。

”④“选定一把椅子”，就是要专心致志干好一件事。

⑤森林里有一种鼯鼠，能飞但飞不远，能爬树却爬不快，能挖洞只是挖不深，看着是一身本事，却都不大管用，很容易成为食肉动物的口中餐，吃亏就在于没把一门技术学精。

同样道理，贪心的猎人要追向五个方向跑的兔子，也只能是一无所获。

所以老百姓说“行行通不如一行精”“一招鲜，吃遍天”等。

一个人业余爱好尽可广泛些，但干事业则一定要集中精力，心无旁骛，“选定一把椅子”，然后聚精会神干下去，做到“术业有专攻”。

⑥古往今来，凡有大成就大建树者，无不如此。

李时珍选定的是采集中药治病救人的“椅子”，莱特兄弟选定的是造飞机这把“椅子”，巴尔扎克选定的是写小说这把“椅子”，他们都成功了。

尽管一开始他们并不被人看好，尽管他们付出的代价也很大，可世界上哪有不付出代价就轻易成功的好事呢？⑦当然，“选定一把椅子”，有个关键因素，就是“椅子”一定要选准选对。

放眼望去，满世界都是“椅子”，花花绿绿，琳琅满目，但哪一把更适合你，却要认真思量，精心挑选。

譬如帕瓦罗蒂，他从小就声带好、音域宽、乐感强，父亲和老师都认为他是唱歌的料，因而朝着这条路走下来，就比较容易成功。

一旦选定“椅子”，就应该坚定不移地为坐稳坐好这把“椅子”而努力奋斗，像帕瓦罗蒂那样，用一个又一个七年去实现自己的目标，才有了《我的太阳》那样绕梁三日的金石之音。

⑧人生苦短，应当心无二用。

当我们在欣赏帕瓦罗蒂留下的穿云裂石的美妙歌声时，也请记住他宝贵的人生经验——“选定一把椅子”。

16. 下列句中的引号与第①段画线句中引号的作用相同的一项是_________（3分）A．所以俗语有“行行通不如一行精”、“一招鲜，吃遍天”等。

B．有个关键因素，就是“椅子”一定要选准选对。

C．巴尔扎克选定的是写小说这把“椅子”。

D．才有了《我的太阳》那样绕梁三日的“金石之音”。

17. 阅读第⑤⑥段，回答问题：（1）第⑤段画线句运用了__________的论证方法，作用是______________________________________________________________________________________________（4分）（2）第⑥段画线句使用了__________的修辞手法，表达效果是__________________________________________________________________________________________（4分）18. 帕瓦罗蒂的“椅子观”具体含义是_____________________________________。

（3分）19. 下列选项中适合作文本文论据的一项是___________（3分）A．学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

B．譬如平地，虽复一篑，进，吾往也！C．蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。

D．敏而好学，不耻下问。

20. 第⑦段主要论述了_________________________________________________，与上文的论述在思路上形成了_____________的结构特点。

（4分）（二）阅读下文，完成第21—26题。

（27分）甘为春泥护春花陈漱渝只要能培一朵花，就不妨做做会朽的腐草。

——鲁迅①每每读起这以为深长的句子，我都按捺不住地想到他——鲁迅，这位一直激励着我们年轻一代向前走的中国文豪。

②1925年的一个北京夏夜，鲁迅端着高脚煤油灯，将五位青年迎进了一间伸手可触房顶的“灰棚”——他的卧室兼工作室。

鲁迅亲切地招呼青年们坐下，又拿出一些糖果和小花生款待他们，然后就从一般书店不肯印行青年人的译作引入话题。

鲁迅说，他留学日本，经常通过东京神田区的丸善书店购买德文书刊。

这家书店起初规模很小，全是几个大学生慢慢经营起来的。

青年们感到鲁迅的话是对他们的一种鼓励与启示，便想尝试着自办一个出版社，去印自己的译作。

他们似乎看到了一个渺茫的希望，平日少有笑影的脸上不禁漾出了笑容。

但是要自印书刊，首先要解决经费问题，估计大约有六百元成本。

六百元，对于这些不名一文的青年当然不是一个小数目。

想到这里，刚才还兴致勃勃的青年们不觉又泛起愁来。

鲁迅好像看出他们的心思。

他表示，青年们没人各筹五十元就行了，其余费用可全部由他垫付。

青年们不无遗憾地说，“像这种经营规模，一年也不过能出五六本书罢了。

”鲁迅笑着反驳道：“十年以后，岂不也就很可观了吗？”就这样，中国现代文学史上一个“实地劳作，不尚叫嚣”的青年文艺社团——未名社就这样诞生了。

③鲁迅对未名社成员的关怀是无微不至的。

社里有一位叫李霁野的，他译完《往星中》后，鲁迅不仅为之校订译稿，而且托画家陶元庆设计这本书的封面。

鲁迅还亲自拟了一篇六七百字的内容说明，供陶元庆绘图参考。

当李霁野因为没有学费而打算卖掉《黑人假面》的译稿时，鲁迅立即借给他一百元，让他将译稿留在未名社出版。

鲁迅还源源不断地为未名社的刊物供稿，帮助它迅速打开局面。

对于未名社出版物的印刷装帧、代销委售等细事，鲁迅也一一注意，亲自指点。

当青年人对鲁迅的帮助深为感激时，鲁迅恳切而幽默地说，他并非“从井救人”的仁人，对他的帮助不要不安于心。

善于感激当然是一种美德，但如果老记挂这些小事情，就容易给感情以束缚，是自己不能高飞远走。

④1932年秋天，有一位上海英商汽车公司的售票员在牛毛雨中来到内山书店。

忽然，北面书架上一本书脊印着“鲁迅译”三个字的《毁灭》映入了他的眼帘。