2018届高考语法专项 形容词和副词
高考英语 形容词和副词

专题4 形容词和副词【2018年高考考纲解读】往年考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。
近三年来考点开始涉及多个形容词作前置定语的排列顺序、形容词及形容词短语作状语,形容词和副词的词义比较和具体运用。
要复习好这一块的知识,考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识,还要掌握同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。
【重点知识梳理】一、形容词和副词的基本用法1.形容词在句中的作用。
(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
(2)形容词在句中也可作状语,用来表示主语所处的状态。
He was lying in bed,dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。
如:He is an ill man.(错)The man is ill.(对)She is an afraid girl.(错)The girl is afraid.(对)(4)twoyearold/200metrelong/onethousandword等复合形容词中的名词要用单数,一般只用作前置定语。
如:Tom is a twoyearold boy.2.副词在句中的作用。
副词在句中一般用作状语,修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,也可修饰整个句子。
如:Obviously you are wrong.二、常用连接性副词的用法1.though用作副词时,常在句末,意为“然而,可是”,表示转折意义。
2.therefore“因此,所以”,表示结果。
3.meanwhile“与此同时,在此期间”,表示前后分句的动作同时发生。
4.moreover“另外”,表示承接关系。
5.however“然而”,表示让步、转折,常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。
6.besides“另外;还有”,表示递进关系。
2018年高考英语语法复习精讲二(介词、形容词、副词)

2018年高考英语介词精讲一.概念:介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系.二.介词的分类1. 表示时间的介词:about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, around, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within2. 表示地点的介词:about, at, in, on, over, through, across, along, around, before, between, beyond, down, up, to, toward, under, near3. 表示方式的介词:by bus 乘公共汽车;see with one's own eyes 亲眼看...... write in ink 用墨水写...on foot 步行,徒步;He looked at me without expression. 他毫无表情地看着我。
4. 表示原因的介词:He was punished for stealing. 他因偷窃而被惩罚。
suffer from a cold 患伤风be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧shake with cold 因寒冷而发抖5. 表示关于的介词:What is the book about? 这本书是关于什么内容的?(about关于一般情况)I heard him talk on Chinese medicine last night. 昨晚我听到他讲中国医学。
(on关于理论、学术);a long story of adventure 一个长篇冒险故事6. 表示比较的介词:His face is as black as coal. 他的脸跟煤炭一样黑.He saw a number of small hard things like stones. 他看见一些像石头一样的小小的坚硬的东西。
【最新】2018届高考英语语法精品教案:专题四 形容词与副词

形容词与副词是高考考查的热点,高考英语中单项填空、完形填空、书面表达,任何一项题目中都有可能涉及形容词等级、辨析和在句中的位置。
关于形容词与副词这一考点,主要考查以下几个方面:在具体的语境中考查形容词词义辨析;考查形容词作状语;考查比较级的用法尤其是隐性比较;考查一些习语搭配;与形容词同形的副词和形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别;多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序等。
一、形容词、副词的主要功能1.形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和补语,但有时也作状语,表示伴随、原因等。
如:We find the boy considerate. (宾补>He walked in the snow, cold and hungry. (伴随状语>Afraid of difficulties, they took the easy road. (原因状语>2.副词作状语主要是用作修饰性状语、评注性状语及连接性状语。
其中后两种状语是现在考查的重点。
如:He spoke English fairly fluently. (修饰性状语>Fortunately, none of them was hurt. (评注性状语>His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind. (连接性状语>注意:(1> 形容词作状语是形容主语的性质,而副词作状语则修饰动词。
如:He walked home slowly. 他慢慢地步行回家了。
He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他到家时又累又饿。
(2> 有些副词像fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally 等作评注性状语往往修饰整个句子,对整个句子进行说明或解释,表示说话人对话语的态度与看法。
2018高考英语语法填空形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题(含解析)

2018高考英语语法填空:形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题(含解析)高考英语语法填空【括号内提供的是形容词或副词】如果括号内提供的是形容词,一般是考查副词,即要变成副词形式;如果括号内提供的是副词,一般是考查形容词,即要变成形容词形式。
如:答案再如:“答案said,所以要Atlast,答案另外,通常有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时,一般要用最高级;than的前面一定要用比较级。
如:Oneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher...因为这里是oneofthe+名词复数的形式,表示……其中之一,因此范围是三者或三者以上,因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst。
跟踪选编题A(2016·湖南东部六校高三联考) OneofthemajorholidayshoppingdaysisthedayafterThanksgiving.Itis__1__(frequent)referredtoasBlackFriday. Theuseoftheword“black”relates__2__thebusinessaccountants.Storekeepersusedtorecordprofitsinblackinkand lossesinredink.So__3__(be)“intheblack”ontheFridayafterThanksgivingmeansagoodthing,areturntoprofits. BlackFridayisthebigdayformanyretailers,,erbecauseofthestress__9__(involve)infightingthecrowds.InrecentyearstheSaturdaybeforeChristmas__10__(s 1.,2.to[3.being[考查动名词作主语。
人教版2018届高三英语一轮语法复习:专题三 形容词及副词 (共50张PPT)讲诉

heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily等。 3.有些以ble或le结尾的形容词,去掉e再加y。如 possible—possibly, terrible—terribly等。
形容词和副词
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4.少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加ly。如true—truly 等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加ly。如 polite—politely, wide—widely等。 5.以l结尾的形容词要在词尾加ly,以ll结尾的形容词要在 词尾加y。如usual—usually, useful—usefully, full—fully等。 careful—carefully,
形容词和副词
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三、形容词和副词最高级的用法 1.三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“the+最高 级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常跟有表示比较范围的介 词短语。 Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three. 张华是这三个人中最高的那个。
形容词和副词
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2.最高级可以被序数词以及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等词语所修饰。 This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. 这顶帽子显然/绝对/几乎/差不多/远非/绝不/不完全/完全不 是最大的。 How much did the second most expensive hat cost? 第二贵的那顶帽子花了多少钱?
worse→worst
2018高考英语语法填空形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题(含解析)

2018高考英语语法填空:形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题(含解析)高考英语语法填空【括号内提供的是形容词或副词】如果括号内提供的是形容词,一般是考查副词,即要变成副词形式;如果括号内提供的是副词,一般是考查形容词,即要变成形容词形式。
如:________(actual)I believed I would work for a few years,get married,stay home and raise a family,so I didn’t thi nk the job I took mattered that much.答案More actually该空需要填入副词actually在句子中作状语。
有的考生填入more actually,虽然词性是对的,但是这里没有上下文比较的关系,逻辑语义不同,考生不能将语言的语法规则和语用功能有效地结合。
再如:“Thirty-five cents,” she said ________(rude).答案rudely此处考查副词作状语的用法。
括号内提供的是形容词,要用来修饰动词said,所以要使用副词形式。
但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。
如:At last,her courage and ________(wise)impressed both the CEO and Princeton University.答案wisdom括号内提供的是形容词,但此空与前面的名词courage是并列成分,一起充当主语,所以要使用名词形式wisdom。
另外,通常有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时,一般要用最高级;than的前面一定要用比较级。
如:One of the ________(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher...因为这里是one of the+名词复数的形式,表示……其中之一,因此范围是三者或三者以上,因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst。
人教版2018届高三英语一轮语法复习:专题三 形容词和副词 (共50张PPT)

2.(2016· 全国卷Ⅲ)At one time, I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.
freely→free
形容词和副词
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3.(2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
形容词和副词
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[注意事项] 1.以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的名词,将其 变为形容词时须双写词尾的辅音字母再加y。如: sun—sunny, fun—funny等。 2.少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e, 再加y。如:noise—noisy, ice—icy等。
形容词和副词
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——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1.(2017· 广东汕头二模)My aunt advised that I needed to go to hospital, and the treatment she provided gave my parents valuable (value) time to take me to the hospital.
worse→worst
2.(2016· 四川高考)The dishes that I cooked were Mom's favoritest.
favoritest→favorite
形容词和副词
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——规则点拨
一、形容词和副词原级比较的用法 1.基本用法。 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时,用“as +原级形容词/副词+as”的结构;表示双方不相等时, 用“not so/as+原级形容词/副词+as”的结构。 This building looks not so/as high as that one. 这座大楼看上去不如那座高。 Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you. 徐小姐说英语和你一样流利。
高考英语专题一语法填空题型一3词性转换(名词、形容词和副词)和比较等级精选题

词性转换(名词、形容词和副词)和比较等级A(2018·浙江卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese __1__ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners __2__ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap __3__ can be to eat out.I still remember __4__ (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I __5__ (shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to __6__ (become) common for many young people in recent years,it's not without a cost.The obvious one is money;eating out once or twice a week may be __7__ (afford) but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even __8__ (high) cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in __9__ (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home __10__ dinner,get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.答案:【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
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2018届高考语法专项形容词和副词1.形容词后缀(1)-able:①v.+able: reliable, eatable, enjoyable, movable 等。
②n.+able: valuable, reasonable, knowledgeable 等。
(2)-ible: terrible, horrible, invisible, possible 等。
(3)-al: international, mental, medical, natural, general 等。
(4)-ant或-ent: instant, distant, constant, important, patient, different, absent 等。
(5)-ed或-ing:interested, interesting, pleased, pleasing 等。
(6)-en:wooden, golden, spoken, written, mistaken 等。
(7)-ern:eastern, southern, western, northern 等。
(8)-ful:①n.+ful:colorful, beautiful, helpful, powerful等。
②v.+ful:forgetful, careful等。
(9)-less:fearless, harmless, useless, helpless 等。
(10)-ly:friendly, lovely, daily, weekly 等。
(11)n./v.+(i)ous:curious, dangerous, various, anxious 等。
(12)-some:handsome, troublesome, tiresome 等。
(13)n.+-y:funny, lucky, snowy, rainy, dusty等。
2.形容词前缀(1)un-:unhappy, unfair, unimportant, uncomfortable, unnecessary 等。
(2)im-:impossible, impolite, impatient 等。
(3)in-:inactive, inconvenient, incorrect 等。
(4)dis-:disabled, dishonest 等。
(5)ir-:irregular, irresponsible 等。
(6)il-:illegal 等。
3.副词后缀一般都是adj.+-ly构成,如different→differently 等。
注意:以-e结尾的形容词变副词时有的去掉e,有的不去e,直接加-ly。
例如:definite→definitely,true→truly。
[典例] (2016·全国卷乙语法填空)From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be ____________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.officially解析:设空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词形式,故填officially。
单句语法填空/单句改错1.(2017·山东下学期综合测试)Ron had a ____________ (success) career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.successful解析:句意:在退休过轻松日子之前,罗恩在福特公司工作,他的事业很成功。
名词career前需用形容词作定语,故答案为successful。
2.(2015·陕西高考)When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life,she did what comes ____________ (natural).naturally解析:句意强调“她做了一件顺其自然的事”,即符合狗本性的事。
此处应该用副词naturally作状语,修饰动词comes。
3.(2016·四川高考语法填空)Chinese scientists recently had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very ____________ (care) mother.careful/caring解析:她是一个非常仔细的/充满爱心的妈妈。
修饰名词应用形容词形式。
4.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)As ____________ (nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.natural解析:根据后面的名词可知,这里要用形容词修饰后面的名词architects。
故填natural。
5.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.____________________terrible→terribly解析:此处修饰形容词worried,故用副词形式。
1.在高考语法填空和短文改错中会涉及一些常见的、与派生词变化无关的基本形容词和副词的用法,如before, ago, many, much, ever, never等。
2.有些副词,如fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally等,作评注性状语,往往修饰整个句子,而且它们常位于句首,且有逗号与后面句子分开。
把握这样的结构和用法特点,有助于快速填空。
3.连接副词的用法连接副词逻辑语意意义though 表转折虽然,然而yet 表转折然而,可是however 表转折,其后常用逗号然而,但是instead 表转折或相反相反,代替otherwise 表转折否则besides 表递进另外,而且moreover 表递进再说,而且still 表递进仍然,依然therefore 表结果因此thus 表结果因此anyway 表让步无论如何◆Bicycling is of great benefit to our health,besides,it does not pollute the air.骑自行车有助于我们身体健康,并且对空气无污染。
[典例] (2015·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Much rare animals are dying out.Much→Many解析:可数名词复数animals前应该用many修饰。
注意:首字母应该大写。
单句改错1.(2017·广西下学期适应性测试)Unfortunate, when he went downstairs again,he found the machine had been broken.____________________Unfortunate→Unfortunately解析:分析该句结构可知,此处应用副词位于句首作状语修饰整个句子。
2.(全国卷Ⅰ)Nearly five years before,and with the help of our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden.____________________ before→ago解析:由语境可知,“我”和妹妹五年前在父亲的帮助下,在后花园里种植了一些圣女果,五年前应为five years ago。
3.(2016·全国卷丙短文改错)However,my parents didn’t seem to think such. ____________________such→so解析:此处think为动词,其后应用副词so,意为“(刚说过的事物)这样,那样”。
so的类似用法有I hope so, if so等。
such为代词或限定词,故将such改为so。
4.(辽宁高考)The early morning barking has been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day.____________________ Beside→Besides解析:句意:清晨的狗叫让人很烦,因为我们经常整晚照顾孩子;而且,克利奥平均一天吠叫6个小时。
根据句意可知,应将Beside改为副词Besides(而且),表示递进关系。
介词beside意为“在……旁边”。
5.(全国卷Ⅰ)However,he was the gentlest man I have never known.____________________never→ever解析:根据语境可知,此处句意为“然而,他是我认识的最绅士的人”。
1.等级用法的固定句式(1)as+形容词或副词原级+as…像……一样……(2)as+adj.+a(n)+n.单数+as…像……一样……(3)not so/as+形容词或副词原级+as…不如……那样……(4)too/how+adj.+a/an+单数名词多么/太……(5)as many+复数名词+as…或者as much+不可数名词+as…和……一样多(6)表示“两者中较……的一个”,用“the+比较级”的结构。
as much+a/an+n.单数+as…既是……又是……◆It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们通常认为教学既是一门艺术也是一门科学。
2.修饰比较级的副词及副词短语a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even, no等。
见到这些词时,首先考虑所填的空是否要用比较级或最高级形式。