2010届高考英语阅读表达热点新题型解题方法与技巧
2010年高三英语高考热点：福建新题型“短文填词”解题思路
高考英语热点：福建新题型“短文填词〞解题思路一、题型说明1. 形式：替换试卷中原短文改错题，重点考查单词拼写、语言根底知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。
考生必须在理解短文内容的根底上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。
2. 选材：符合学生的书面表达水平，短文词数在130左右，共设10小题，第一行不设题，其余每行挖空一处设一题；考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性。
3. 提示方式：有首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示，其中首字母提示、汉语提示各3~4个，语境提示2~3个。
每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空。
4. 答案的唯一性。
如果出现与标准答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以承受，具体由阅卷点裁定。
每个空格只能填入一个答案，超过一个的，该小题以零分计。
短文填词共10小题，每一小题1分，总分为10分二、短文填词题八大考点1、名词：可数、不可数，可数名词的单复数形式；特别容易忽略名词的单复数，知道了名词的单复数，有时特别容易拼错，尤其是一些可数名词单复数的特殊变化，以与动名词之间的转换；如：leaf—leave; medium—media; advise—advice, practise—practice; succeed—success;2、动词：时态、语态、非谓语与动词形式的不规如此变化；broadcast〔broadcast, broadcast〕广播 equip〔equipped, equipping〕装备注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写〔英国英语〕也可不双写〔美国英语〕3、形容词、副词：形容词与副词的区别〔也可能考比拟级与最高级〕；Simple—simply, fish—fisherman,possible—possibly 可能的, practical—practically 实际的4、数词：主要考序数词。
2010年全国卷i英语阅读理解部分解析
2010年全国卷i英语阅读理解部分解析文章一： America in the 1930s本文主要介绍了二十世纪三十年代美国的社会、经济和政治状况。
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To compare life in the 1930s to life in other time periods.B. To describe some of the key events of the 1930s in America.C. To analyze the economic and political situation in America in the 1930s.D. To explain the causes and effects of the Great Depression.答案：C。
文章主要分析了二十世纪三十年代美国的社会、经济和政治状况。
2. What was the biggest challenge facing America in the 1930s?A. A shortage of jobs and money.B. Disagreements over political policies.C. The threat of war from foreign countries.D. A lack of resources for education and healthcare.答案：A。
文中指出，二十世纪三十年代是美国历史上最困难的时期之一，最大的挑战是失业率高和缺乏钱。
3. Which of the following was NOT a result of the New Deal?A. The creation of new jobs.B. The establishment of Social Security.C. The end of segregation and discrimination.D. The support of labor unions.答案：C。
2010年高考英语全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解考点分析
2010年高考英语全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解考点分析总述2010年高考全国卷(一)英语阅读理解部分的题目类型和数量与去年(2009年)相同，整体阅读量稳中有降，难度也有所下降。
五篇文章难度不等，相对而言，A和B两篇文章较容易，C、D和E三篇文章难度较大。
五篇文章体裁不一，题材各异。
20道题分别针对文章细节、主旨和词义句意等多方面进行考查。
阅读量本次考试阅读理解部分总体阅读量为1921词（不含标点及中文注释），换算成阅读速度大约为80词/分钟。
比较近五年的数据，全国卷（一）阅读理解部分的总体阅读量维持在2000词左右，且呈逐年下降的趋势（2006年阅读量为2130词，2009年为2078词）。
根据以往数据统计分析，阅读理解部分的难度与总体阅读量呈正相关。
从这一角度来看，阅读理解部分的难度也呈逐年下降的趋势。
在本次考试中，五篇文章阅读量近似呈递增关系，其中D和E两篇文章的阅读量更是超过了400词，考生需要在阅读文章的时候做到足够的耐心和仔细。
值得注意的是，虽然E文章的正文部分字数达到了363词，但题目字数仅为106，这在一定程度上降低了做题难度，考生可以通过先阅读题目，然后带着问题有选择地阅读文章，从而节约时间、提高效率。
文章体裁与题材本次考试五篇文章的体裁都不一样，这要求考生具备阅读不同类型文章的综合能力和科学方法。
前两篇文章的体裁（应用文和新闻报道类文章）是日常生活中最常见的两种文体，题目难度不大，尤其是A篇文章，属于送分题。
在高考阅读理解中出现这两种文体，其一是要控制难度，其二也是希望通过阅读理解部分，考查学生将英语当作一种工具来使用并解决实际问题的能力。
后三篇文章的体裁依次是说明文、议论文和记叙文，也属于常见文章体裁。
在C篇文章中，我们不难发现作者所用的多种说明方法，例如：举例子、列数字、作比较等等。
D篇文章的逻辑结构严密，论点论据明显，考生只要能够读懂论点句（Topic Sentences），就不难把握文章的主旨大意。
2010高考英语阅读理解、完形填空九大技巧及强化训练
2009高考英语阅读理解、完形填空九大技巧及强化训练1.先通读，后细读阅读一篇文章，最好采用先通读、再细读的策略。
首先要快速浏览全文，这一点非常重要。
因为一篇文章是一个整体，是围绕一个中心思想组织的。
如果我们了解了文章大体讲的是什么，有了整个篇章的结构模式，就有利于我们理顺句子或段落间的关系，准确地把握文章的主旨，同时也有利于我们在解题过程中有重点地细读部分内容。
一篇文章无论长短，要做到一口气读下来。
对于生词，只要不妨碍我们理解主要内容，可暂时放下不管。
如果我们读读停停，左顾右盼，往往会把文章完整的体系读破了，有碍于对文章整体的理解。
在掌握了文章的大体内容后，我们再根据需要解答的问题逐句细读，认真分析词义及句子结构，从而更准确地把握文章的具体内容。
Passage A阅读理解An old friend from California called from the airport to tell me that he had arrived. I was not able to leave the office, but I had made plans for his arrival. After explaining (解释) where my new house was, I told him that I had left the key under the doormat (门垫). Since I knew it would be pretty late before I could get home, I suggested that he make himself at home and help himself to anything that was in the refrigerator(电冰箱).①Two hours later my friend phoned me from the house. At the moment, he said, he was listening to some of my records after having had a delicious meal. Now, he said, he was drinking a glass of orange juice. When I asked him if he had had any difficulty finding the house, he answered that the only problem was that he had not been able to find the key under the doormat, but luckily, the living room window by the apple tree had been left open and he had climbed in through the window. I listened to all this in great surprise.②There is no apple tree outside my window, but there is one by the living room window of my next door neighbor's house!根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. An old friend of mine called ______.A. to tell me to meet him at the airportB. to tell me about his arrivalC. to ask me to leave the officeD. to ask me to make plans for his arrival2. My friend climbed into the room because ______ .A. there was an apple tree outsideB. the living room window was left openC. he had difficulty opening the doorD. he hadn't found the key3. My friend telephoned me two hours later ______ .A. from my homeB. at the airportC. in his officeD. from my neighbor's house难句注释①I suggested that he make himself at home and help himself to anything that was in the refrigerator.我建议他不要客气，随意吃冰箱里的东西。
上海英语高考 之 新题型解题要诀
英语高考阅读理解新题型解题要诀从2010年开始，上海英语高考阅读理解推出了一种新题型。
我们先来看这种题型的解题说明。
Section DDirections：Read the passages carefully. Then answer the question or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.从中可以看出解题的方式可能是三个疑问名，一个补全句子或者两个疑问句，两个补全句子。
补全句子的方式可能在句末，也可能在句中。
在问答问题的时候须注意以下几点：1、先要找出原话的出处，理解其真实含义。
2、注意原句的动词时态，回答时要注意答句动词时态与问句保持一致。
3、回答问题时的答句内容应与原句相符，但可简练用词。
4、可能会有开放性题目，这时便没有现成答案，但考生在回答时，必须紧扣主题，不能随意发挥，或任意删减。
5、扣分以1分为单位，没有0.5的扣分方式。
阅卷都是在评分时的评分标准为：1、所有问题都必须紧扣文章的主题，不能有主观方面的内容。
2、四个问题或补全句子的内容应能概括全文大致内容。
3、题目表达尽量不能照抄原文原句。
4、问题必须明确和具体，不能模棱两可。
5、没法回答的问题可选用填空的形式来完成。
SampleMail carriers will be delivering some good news and some bad news this week.The bad news: Stamp prices are expected to rise 2 cents in May to 41 cents, the Postal regulatory Commission announced yesterday.The good news: With the introduction of a “forever stamp”, it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying2-or-3-cent stamps to make up postage differences.Beginning in May, people would be able to purchase the stamps in booklets of 20 at the regular rate of a first-class stamp. As the name implies, “forever stamps”, will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up. The new“forever stamp ”is the United States Postal Service’s(USPS) answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases. The may increase will be the fifth in a decade .Postal rates have risen because of inflation(通货膨胀),competition from online bill paying, and rising costs of employee benefits, including healthcare ,says Mark Saunders ,a spokesman for USPSThe USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp” and the savings from not printing as many 2-or-3-cent stamps.”It’s not your grandfather’s stamp,”says Mr. Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp.”Other countries, including Canada, England, and Finland use similar stamps.Don Schilling, Who has collected stamps for 50 years, says he’s interested in the public’s reaction. “This is an entirely new class of stamps.” Mr. Schilling says. He adds that he’ll buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich-the volume printed will be too large for collectors.” We won’t be able to send our kids to college on these.” He says, laughing.The USPS board of governors has yet to accept the Postal Regulator Commission’s decision, but tends to follow its recommendations. No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps.The new“is the United States Postal Service’s(USPS) answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases.1、The new “forever stamp” is introduced to respond to _______.A. The complaints about frequent rate increases.B. The rising postage rate/rate rising/answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases.C. The rise of the cent/Make up postage differences/keep the value foreverWith the introduction of a”forever stamp”, it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying 2-or3-cent stomps to make up postage differences.2. How did Americans use to make up postage differences when stamp prices went up?A. By using 2-ro-2-cent stamps. / They used use annoying 2-or-3-cent stamps. /They had to use annoying 2-ro-3-cent stamps. /Used annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps.B. Americans have to use annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps. /To use annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps. / Use annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps.C. With the introduction a “forever stamp”.As the name implies,“forever stamps”will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.3. What will happen to the forever stamp when to postage rate changes?A. They will keep their first-class mailing value forever. / They will keep their mailing value forever. /It will keep their first-class mailing value forever.B. It won’t change.C. Nothing will happen. / Many 2-ro-2-centstamps will be used.The USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp”and the savings from not printing as many 2-ro-2-cent stamps. “It’s not your grandfather’s stamp,”says Mr. Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildre n’s stamp.”4. By saying “It’s not your grandfather’s stamp. It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp.”Mr. Saunders that the forever stamp could________A. be even used by your great-grandchildren/be used for a long timeB. be used forever /remain its value forever/be saved and could be give to your grandchildrenC. Own its value forever/make you great-grandchildren rich/be collected by great-grandchildren / raise the stamp prices根据以上标准和要求，我们具体来分析一下几篇文章A.徐汇区试题Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off “What’s up!” to the handshake or high-five. For young people across the United States, hugging is the new “Hello”. Girls are hugging girls. Boys are hugging boys. Girls and boys are hugging each other. And, like every major trend, there are lots of variations on the form. There’s the classic, full-body, arms-around-the-person bear hug, the casual one-armed side hug, the group hug and the hug from behind.As trends go, this one seems pretty innocent. But some parents, teachers and school administrators are worried nonetheless. In response to some of these concerns, some schools have set up new rules to limit or eliminate hugging. One school head has created a three-second limitation for hugs at her school. Another school has taken even more drastic measures, placing a ban on all forms of touching between students.A few important points are being left out of the discussion. While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching-saving hugs and kisses for romantic partners and very close friends-people in many other parts of the world have been greeting each other this way for ages. In Latin America or Western Europe, in countries like Spain, France, and Italy, a kiss on the cheek is common among women, as well as among women and men who are not romantically involve, Latin American men are more likely to shake hands when greeting other men, but in some countries like Turkey, it’s not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek. Meanwhile, for the Maori people of New Zealand, a traditional greeting called the “hongi ”involves pressing noses together. People all around the world move in close to say hello, and Americans are just now joining in.There’s yet another point to consider: For as long as there have been kids and parents, kids have embraced new trends and lifestyles that have shocked or confused their parents. Parents and teachers who are now trying to struggle with the “hugging issue” should remember that when they were kids, they too found new ways of relating to each other that concerned or confused their parents. Every Generation represents a step away from the previous one. This generation’s teens are hugging. Who knows what the next generation will do?(Note: Answer questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What problem is discussed in the passage?82. Some schools are worried about this new trend, so they have_________.83. Why does the author mention the ways of greetings in Latin America and America and Western Europe?84. The last paragraph mainly tells us that different generations_________.81-84 参考答案81. They are hugging each offer.82. Set up new rules to limit/eliminate hugging.83. To prove / show that this hugging trend hot new84. Have different fried and lifestyleB.黄浦区试卷This article is designed to help you understand why you should always call the authorities to the scene of an accident in which you were injured and why the insurance company you may be facing will hate that you did so!When you call the police to the scene of your accident, then the police will require the drivers involved to exchange insurance and identification information the police may also obtain witness information and preserve statements about the event, including descriptions of what occurred and complaints of injury. All of this information will very likely assist you in the future with your claim and hurt the insurance company’s ability to deny your claim. By calling the police, you have made an official record of the event and can be relatively sure that the information you receive about the other driver is accurate and truthful.This official record will effectively prevent the other driver’s insurance company from arguing that the incident did not occur or that their insured driver was not involved in the cause of your injuries. (Yes, insurance companies will deny responsibility at every opportunity, including whether their driver was even in the accident with you.) Finally, statements from witnesses or the other driver may contain valuable facts that may be later forgotten or can be used to make up a“changed story.” I don’t know how many times I have been told by my clients that the other person admitted fault at the scene, but later hear from the insurance company that no such statement was made and that the cause of the accident was contested.(You may not be aware of this, but I will bet that your own automobile insurance card contains the following instruction: Do not admit fault for the accident Remember, the insurance companies hate it when their drivers take responsibility for the accident because it damages their ability to deny or effectively defend your claim. After all, these companies are in business to make lost of money not to pay it to you!) If you follow this rule, then you are a step ahead in the game and you will have a much better chance of successfully making you automobile accident personal injury claim.(Not: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)81. The information related to a car accident is collected by the police to ________.82. If witness statements are not recorded officially, the relevant facts may_____83. What can you do when you have called the police to the scene?84. Why don’t the insurance companies want you to admit fault for the accident?81-84 参考答案81. Assist you in the future with your claim82. be forgotten or changed83. I can make an official record of the event84. Because it damages their ability to deny your claimC.长宁区试题I have just been treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put-upon member of society – a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airport and like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union, There seems to be a dishonest new motto for so-called “service organizations”--- Staff Before Service,How often, for example, have you queued for what seems hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there weren’t enough staff on duty to man checkout counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to hire cashiers and counter staff? Yet supermarkets say that putting all the cashiers at any one time would increase overheads. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all the service counters be occupied “at times when demand is low.”It’s the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is shortened. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been weakened.) we just have to put up with it. There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been withdrawn gradually in the interests of “efficiency” (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-gulping machines which supply everything from beer to medicine. Not to mention the creeping threat of the tea-making kit in your room: kettle with teabags, plastic milk cartons and lump sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don’t , especially when I am paying for “service”.Can it be stopped, the declining service quality, this growing attitude that the customer is always unpleasant to deal with? I hope so, because it’s happening, sadly, in all walks of life. Our only hope is to hammer home our anger whenever and wherever we can, and if all else fails, resurrect(复兴)that older slogan --- Customer Is God (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. According to the writer, long queues at counters are caused by ________________.82. Service organizations claim that keeping the checkout counters fully manned would result in_________83. What caused the disappearance of the old-style hotel porter?84. In the writer’s opinion, why is the quality of service not as good as before?81-84 参考答案（只要意思接近，没有语法错误就认可）81. Ineffective staff management/arrangements; the lack of enough staff/employees/cashiers on duty82. Increasing overheads; the increase of overheads; an increase of thee cost of providing services; a rise in the price of providing services83. Automation has provided cheaper alternative(s) /choices.Appliances/ equipment like / such as coin-gulping machines and tea-making kit offer/provide(s)The interests of efficiency and the using of automatics appliances.84. Because companies/firms/service organizations consider their staff and themselves more than customers.D.浦东新区试卷①“Hello” is one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it’s one of the last ones we think to use as adults. That’s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello. It is recognition of another’s worth. How might the world change-how might we change- if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met, Here’s what I’ve leaned.②It can boost(促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, ha middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids’ productivity. School went from impersonal To personal, and that resulted in more class participation (参与)and better grades.③Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were more likely to kiss one’s hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And, researchers say, pleasant environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant one. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural ones. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the Jersey Shore, were farfriendlier than those hurrying to work downtown.④It’s a form of universal health insurance. It’s insurance. It’s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient(接受者)⑤So maybe we can make the world a better place by saying hello to each other. After a month of doing it, I feel lighter and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being.81. In the first paragraph, what does the author mean by saying “it’s one of the last ones we think to use as adults”?82. The research shows that if the school teachers greet their students each morning individually, the students_______________.83. Three research shows that if the school teachers greet their students each morning individually, the students_______________84. What is the main idea of the passage?81-84 参考答案:81. Adults are not willing to say hello.Adults seldom/rarely use(The word)/say“hello”Adults don’t /won’t say/won’t say/like to say/use hello often.Adults seldom/rarely think of using. Think to use (the word) “hello”82. become more active in learning and score higher in tests.Will be .become more active in class and get better grades/marks.Raise their productivity.83.①lowering blood pressure ②relieving stress ③boosting happiness①to lower blood pressure ②(to) relieve stress ③( to ) boost happiness84. We can make the world a better place by saying hello to each other/greeting to peopleThe (magic) power of “hello”The powerful effects of saying “hello”。
2010届高考英语解析题型与技巧
一、语言基础知识及应用(词汇部分)1. 您能举例讲一讲介词beyond的用法吗？答：beyond一词是近年介词考查的热点。
看看下面几个例句：a. Beyond the mountains was the border territory. (beyond 在…另一边；越过…)b. The disco went on beyond midnight. (beyond迟于…; 过了…以后)c. Inflation has now risen beyond the level of 5%.(beyond超出…的范围; 非…所及)d. Algebra was always beyond me.(be beyond sb. 对某人来说太难)2. ______I haven’t had any success. ______, I’ll keep trying.A. By far; HoweverB. So far; ButC. As far; HoweverD. So far; However答: 选D. so far迄今为止, 到目前为止. but是连词, however是副词. 这里要用表示转折意义的副词.3. ---I usually go there by train.---Why not ______by boat for a change?A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going答: 选D. why not后接动词原形, try doing sth.意思是: “试着做…”, try to do sth.意思是: “努力/尽力做”4. Some people would rather ride bikes as bike riding has ______of the trouble of taking buses.A. nothingB. noneC. someD. neither答: 选B, none= not any (of)5. The ______ look on her face suggested she was disappointed at it.A. disappointingB. disappointedHis look was ______, so no one dared to get close to him.A. frightenedB. frightening为什么这两题答案都是B? 请老师翻译一下这两个句子.答: 弄清两个形容词意义的区别就不难理解了, interesting和interested是我们最熟悉的: interesting是指事物本身“有趣的”; 而interested 是指人对事物:感兴趣的”. 同样的. disappointing是指事物本身让人“失望的”; disappointed是指人对事物“感到失望的”. frightening 和frightened的区别也一样：frightening是指事物“令人害怕的”，frightened是指人对事物“感到害怕、恐惧”。
2010年高考英语(山东卷)阅读表达解析
2010年高考英语（山东卷）阅读表达解析阅读表达是主观题，这一题型旨在客观、全面地考查学生的概括能力、捕捉信息的能力、对事实的预测能力以及在理解文章基础上的翻译能力等。
它不同于传统的阅读理解题型，阅读表达的题目设置和答案设计都是开放性的，要求学生利用自己的语言把对文章和题目所理解的信息表达出来。
通过对近几年高考英语中阅读表达题型的研究，我们不难发现这一题型的设题方式主要有以下几种：主旨概括题、句子替换题、填空题、翻译句子题、问答题等。
不同的题型分别考查了学生不同的英语运用能力。
下面结合2010年高考英语（山东卷）阅读表达进行具体分析。
原题呈现第四部分书面表达第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
[1] One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.[2] Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults,and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.[3] During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.[4] However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. __________ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.76. What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 8 words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.(no more than 8 words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________79. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner?(no more than 12 words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________主旨题主旨题考查的是考生从整体上把握文章主题和中心思想的能力，一般要求学生在理解全文后对文章标题、大意或写作目的进行概括。
2010年高考“阅读理解”题型分析及解题策略共13页
2010年高考“阅读理解”题型分析及解题策略英语阅读理解题是高考中分值最高的部分，从近几年的高考试题来看，高考阅读理解主要以细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题、标题归纳题、句意理解题等为主。
要求考生充分利用所给的信息，回答文章提出的问题，从而考查学生高效处理信息的能力。
要想在阅读理解题上取得较为理想的成绩，首先必须明确高考阅读常以何种形式设题，如何针对不同的题型采取行之有效的解题策略。
现根据2010全国各省、市高考阅读理解题的命题特点作一归纳，对常考的题型及解题策略作一肤浅的分析，从而更好地应考。
一、细节理解题及解题策略在高考英语阅读理解题中，细节理解题占了很大的比重，其类型也名目繁多。
有事实型的细节题、概况型的细节题、推断型的细节题、是非型的细节题以及排序型的细节题。
该题型不但考查了学生阅读的能力，也测试了学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。
根据不同类型的细节题作出正确的判断，是提高学生在整个阅读理解题上得分率的关键所在。
例如事实型细节题通常指在文章中提到了与试题相关的时间、地点、人物或事件。
该类型题大部分都可以在文章中直接找到与答案相关的信息，或者是转换了说法的句子。
在许多文章中细节常常是围绕着某个主题而展开的，因此抓住文章中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键。
1. According to the text, recycling (2010山东卷63题)A. help control the greenhouse effectB. means burning packaging for energyC. is the solution to gas shortageD. leads to a waste of land根据文章第一段的前两句Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course.以及文章第三段的三、四两句If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy.等细节可知，回收利用有助于温室效应的控制。
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2010届高考英语阅读表达热点新题型解题方法与技巧
1、主旨概括：这类问题要求考生归纳文章的要点，了解题目，速读全文，了解大意和主题，概括中心思想，考查考生对文章内容的整体把握能力。
要想答好该题，考生必须有很强的概括能力或归纳能力，标题要简洁,要善于寻找能够概括全文的主题段落或者主题句，剔除文中的细节事实或者作者所用的论据，即要分清主旨和细节，概括出来的中心意思一定要能够覆盖全文或整个段落，绝对不可太笼统离题太远或者以偏概全，可以抓住文章开头的主题句或文章最后的结论，尤其要注意文章的首段的首末句，这里往往是文章的主旨所在；文中标题格式可以是完整的句子，简洁的短语，也可以用问题的形式，同时要注意字数要求。
具体的表达可以先根据文章内容找出关键词，其中主要看题目的第
2、
3、5小题，抓住重点考查信息，再在此基础上搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，确定文章标题或者文章的main idea，把握语篇实质。
2、同意句替换：这种题型在英语中也常说被成“paraphrase”。
此类型比较简单，只要对句子的意义进行正确的理解，弄透所给句子的意思，然后根据语句中的关键词，迅速找出在文中相对应的意义相同的句子即可。
另外还应注意这种替换中数字表达形式的变化，与主动句与被动句的边化。
需要注意的是：考生在文章中准确找到原句后要将其完整的抄写在答题纸所给定的位置上，切不可只是写上第“某某”个句子（The XX sentence in paragraph XX. ）了事，这样是不能得分的！
3、填空：回答此类问题时，一定首先注意弄清楚语境和上下文之间的逻辑关系，如递进、转折、并列、对比、因果等等，注意上下文，前后句的联系；然后根据上下文的含义猜测出空白处该填句子还是短语或者单词，再读上下文，看上下文是否通顺，最后确定答案。
上下文之间的关系通常有下列几种，这些关系通常通过一些连词表示出来：
A．同位关系（并列关系）
标志词：and, also, likewise, similarly, too, either…or, neither…nor, not…but…, not only…but also…, in the same way, equally, …
B．递进关系
标志词：then; besides; in addition; additionally; what is more; moreover, further, …
C．对比关系（转折关系）
标志词：but, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, in any case, unfortunately, while, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, conversely, on the other hand, …
D．因果关系
标志词：because, since, as, for; now that, so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result, …
E．让步关系：
标志词：although; though; even though; even if; nevertheless; despite; in spite of; …
F．时间关系
标志词：when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once, …
G．条件关系：
标志词：if, suppose（that）, supposing（that）, unless, in case, so（as）long as, so far, on condition （that）, provided（that）, providing（that）,without, …
I. 表示目的（意图）
标志词：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, as, …
H．解释与被解释关系
标志词：is, that is, that is to say, means, the meaning is（that）…, …
例如:
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association is working with companies and government officials on setting rules for use of portable music devices. The group says the best way to protect your hearing is to, limit listening time and use earphones that block out foreign noises.
根据横线后面句意及连词“and”；限制听的时间“和”利用可以阻止外部噪音的耳机，可判断前面与后面一致，故应是reduce the volume/turn down the player。
4、翻译句子：本题主要考查考生理解英语语句的基本能力，是对学生综合语言知识理解和运用的考察，而且需要将其转译成汉语，因此又是对汉语表达水平的一种检测。
在该类题目中要求翻译的句子往往是结果较为复杂或者包括一些特定习语的句子。
因此，翻译时一定要先分析句子结构，找准句子的主干成分，然后确定一些附属的部分，如定语，状语、插入语等等，并结合文章中心思想以及上下文弄清句子所在的语境，同时还要注意英、汉两种语言及其问题特征的差异，最后在忠实于原文的基础上，可以适当应用增词、减词、词性转化、语序转化等技巧把英语中的从句（定语从句及名词性从句）和较长的短语往往单独翻译，从而把画线部分的长句翻译成符合汉语表达习惯的句子。
5、封闭性问题：封闭性问题是指答案是固定或唯一的问题，一般可在文章中找到明确的答案或依据。
每篇文章的作者会运用事实、分析原因或对比事物间的关系等加以论证自己的观点，本题型就是结合文中某个问题进行解答，首先要仔细地看懂问题，明确问题问的是什么，然后按照题意进行寻读，找到文中的重要事实或细节，常与what, when, where, who, which, why等有关。
常见题的提问方式：
①What cause…?
②What does the writer really mean by saying…?
③Why does the author mention…?
④What are the reasons why…?
⑤Which is the result of…?
⑥Where in the passage does the author describe…？
6、开放性问题：是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，解答比较容易，要根据文章提供的线索，调动自己所学的综合英语知识，结合个人的观点、经验选择较容易回答的点回答相关问题。
这类题会有字数要求，回答必须完整，即怎么问，怎么答。
如：要回答“which …is the …”，不要只是说“The first/ second one.”要把句子写完整；回答“why”的问题时最好用上“because”。
常见题的提问方式：
①What would you do if you were…？
②What other suggestions would you give?
③How would you settle the problem if you were …?
7、其他类型：该题是结合文章的不同题材和体裁给出的除以上6种类型以外的类型的题，比如设计图表题，推理判断题等，问题的顺序也会结合问题所问的信息点在文章中出现的顺序进行排列。
还有，答题字数要求（Please answer within 10/15/20 words）：一般情况下，考生回答问题所书写的英文会限制在50个以下（句子替代和句子翻译除外），以控制考生在该试题上所花费的时间；每一个需要考生用英语回答的问题在后面都有具体的字数要求。