中考英语培优五 阅读理解和话题写作教导学案

阅读理解和话题写作教学目标：1.进一步加强中考阅读理解的解题指导，促使学生灵活运用相应答题技巧和方法，提高该题型的答题正确率。

2.指导学生完成与安全话题相关的书面表达的审题与写作。

教学重点与难点：1. 重点：阅读理解的答题技巧和方法2. 难点：书面表达的写作过程与技巧阅读理解一、复习回顾。

（一）细节理解题。

例1 School buses have become a hot topic in China since the deaths of 21 people, including 19 pre-school students, in a traffic accident between a truck and a school-owned minibus in Gansu province on November 16, 2011.The nine-seat minibus was carrying 64 people at the time of the accident, according to the reports. Q: How many seats did the minibus in Gansu province have before it was turned into a school bus？A. 64B. 21C. 9D. 19例2 As part of a class project, Myers’ students bought three acres of rain forest in Central America. They paid $25 per acre.Q: How much did Myers’ students pay for the rain forest they bought?A. $25.B. $75.C. $80.D. $2,000.(二)推理判断题。

例3 Katherine Commale is an 11-year-old girl from Pennsylvania. At the age of five she began raising money to buy nets for children in Arica to help stop the spread of malaria (疟疾).…Katherine has helped to raise $200,000 for NBN. “It makes me proud to help African children. I won’t stop working until everyone in Africa has a bed net,” says Katherine.Q: It can be inferred that from the passage that ____________.A. Katherine’s work is very helpful and meaningful.B. the spread of malaria in Africa will be more serious.C. every child in Africa get a net with Katherine’s helpD. Katherine has received much m oney from NBN例4 Mr Jones opened a shop in Aston to sell writing-paper, pen cils and things like that. During the first month, very few people visited his shop. He sold little, and he could see that he was going to lose money.One night, Mr Jones sat ...He found a piece of wood and wrote the following notice on it in big letters:“WHAT DO YOU THINK I GIVE AWAY PENCILS AND PAPER AND INK”He put up the notice in front of the shop window before he went to bed. He slept better than usual that night.Q: How did Mr. Jones most probably feel that night?A: Confident. B. Guilty C. Nervous D. Worried(三)词义猜测题。

例5 The second accident, in which a school bus in the northern province of Liaoning rolled over on Friday, left 35 people injured, according to China Daily.Q: What does “roll over” mean in Paragraph 4?A. 倒车B.翻车C. 撞车D. 飞车(四)主旨大意题。

例6 These days haze (雾霾) is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their p eople to take action to make the air cleaner.Q: Which can be the best title for the passage?A. What ar e causing haze around usB. What can you do to reduce hazeC. How dangerous haze is to our lifeD. How important is to reduce haze二、实战演练。

AEarthquakes happen without warning （前兆）. They can happen any ti me of a day, at any point during the year. When an earthquake is happening, you should know what you should do or not do.Do not go outside. You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines （输电线）.Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Keep away from windows, pictures and advertisements on the wall or building, and anything else that could fall and hurt you. Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.Also keep away from a fire. You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire. If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, a nd don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. These could fall and hurt you.( ) 1. It isn’t safe for you to _______while the earthquake is happening.A. run out of the buildingB. stay in a corner of the buildingC. cover your head with your armsD. cover your mouth with a towel( ) 2. From this passage, we know _________.A. all people are frightened of earthquakesB. earthquakes may happen at any timeC. we can’t save ourselves in an earthquakeD. people won’t get injured in an earthquake if they are careful enough( ) 3. The best title for this passage should be “________”.A. How Earthquakes HappenB. How to Drive a CarC. What We Should Do in an EarthquakeD. Why Earthquakes HappenBEvery day in China, about 200 million children go to school. Many of them take school buses. What should we do to keep these students safe on the road?On April 5, the State Council（国务院）published new rules about school bus s afety. These new rules are much stricter than the old ones.Under the new rules, local governments must make sure that students attend nearby schools or boarding （寄宿的）schools to reduce traffic risks. Also, local governments must help kids in the countryside reach their school buses.From now on, school buses have a speed limit of 80km per hour on expressways and 60 km per hour on normal roads. While on the road, other cars must let school buses go first. The new rules also say that school buses must never be overloaded （超载的）.There are many other rules as well. A school bus must have more than seven seats. On each bus, there must be at least one adult to keep an eye on the kids. Each school bus must have a fire extinguisher （灭火器）, a first aid box and a GPS.Last year, a series of school bus accidents happened in China. To stop such accidents, the Central Government decided to strengthen the rules for school buses. The most serious accident happened in November in Gansu, when a nine-seat minibus crashed. There were 62 children inside, and 21 of them died.( ) 1. Under the new rules, which of the following is NOT true?A. School buses must not be overloaded.B. School buses must drive 80 km/h or less on normal roads.C. School buses can go first when there are other cars.D. School buses mus t drive 80 km/h or less on expressways.( ) 2. The phrase “keep an eye on” in Paragraph 5 has a similar meaning to “___________”.A. look afterB. play withC. look forD. chat with( ) 3. According to the new rule, a school bus must have the following EXCEPT __________.A. a GPSB. more than seven seatsC. a parent of one of the studentsD. a fire extinguisher and a first aid kit( ) 4. The government made new rules for school buses because _______________.A. 21 students died in school bus accidents last yearB. the government encourages all students to take school busesC. 200 million children in China go to school by bus every dayD. school buses in China were not safe enough before话题写作一、写作方法。