自动化专业英语第三版
自动化专业英语第三版课程设计
自动化专业英语第三版课程设计一、课程介绍自动化专业英语是用于培养自动化工程技术人员英语语言技能的专业英语教材。
本课程加强与工程实践的链接，旨在提高学生在从事自动化工程以及国际交流中的英语交流能力，以及跨学科的能力和跨文化的意识。
二、课程目标1.掌握英语专业语言，能够在自动化工程实践中进行专业交流；2.学习跨文化交流技巧，能够适应国际化工作环境；3.培养自主学习能力，能够应对本专业以及国际领域的新知识和新技术。
三、教学内容1.自动化专业英语语言知识的学习，包括英语语法、词汇、语音、听力、口语和阅读；2.自动化技术的专业知识，包括控制原理、自动控制技术、自动化测试技术等；3.跨文化交际技能，包括英语交际技能、跨文化沟通技能、国际商务礼仪等。
四、教学方法1.采用任务型教学方法，将学生置于具有实际意义和应用价值的交际情境中，在任务中体验与学习；2.采用多媒体教学手段，帮助学生提高听力、阅读、写作和口语能力；3.采用小组合作学习，提高学生自学、协作和交流能力。
五、课程评估1.平时成绩：包括英语学习情况、任务完成情况、小组合作学习情况等，占60%；2.期末考试：考察学生英语语言知识和自动化专业知识，占40%；3.开展英语技能竞赛：鼓励学生积极参与各类英语技能比赛，提高语言水平。
六、参考教材1.《自动化专业英语》第三版朱洁莉等编西安石油大学出版社；2.《自动化控制原理》第四版邵幸民等编机械工业出版社；3.《自动化测试技术》第二版高世红编冶金工业出版社。
七、教学进度安排章节教学内容教学时间第一章英语语言知识2周章节教学内容教学时间第二章自动化技术简介1周第三章控制原理2周第四章自动控制技术2周第五章自动化测试技术2周第六章跨文化交流技能2周第七章国际商务礼仪1周第八章综合实验3周八、总结本课程旨在提高自动化专业学生的英语语言能力和自主学习能力，将学生引入到实际的工程项目中，培养学生的跨学科、跨文化、应变能力。
我们相信，通过学习和实践，学生将获得宝贵的知识和技能，为未来的职业生涯打下坚实的基础。
自动化专业英语
自动化专业英语Title: Professional English in AutomationIntroduction:Professional English in the field of automation is essential for effective communication and collaboration in the industry. It is important for professionals in this field to have a strong command of technical vocabulary and terminology to ensure accuracy and clarity in their work. In this article, we will explore the importance of professional English in automation and provide some tips for improving language skills in this specialized area.1. Importance of Professional English in Automation1.1. Precision and Accuracy: In the field of automation, precision and accuracy are crucial for successful project implementation. Professional English helps in conveying technical information accurately, reducing the risk of errors and misunderstandings.1.2. Global Communication: Automation projects often involve collaboration with international partners and clients. Professional English enables professionals to communicate effectively with colleagues from different linguistic backgrounds, ensuring smooth and efficient project execution.1.3. Compliance and Documentation: In the automation industry, compliance with regulations and standards is paramount. Professional English is essential for drafting reports, manuals, and documentation that meet industry requirements and ensure legal compliance.2. Tips for Improving Professional English Skills in Automation2.1. Vocabulary Building: To enhance professional English skills in automation, professionals should focus on building a strong technical vocabulary. This can be achieved through reading technical journals, attending industry conferences, and participating in specialized training programs.2.2. Practice Writing: Writing is an important aspect of professional communication in automation. Professionals can improve their writing skills by practicing technical writing, drafting project reports, and creating documentation for automation systems.2.3. Communication Skills: Effective communication is key in the field of automation. Professionals should work on developing their listening, speaking, and presentation skills to ensure clear and concise communication with colleagues, clients, and stakeholders.3. Resources for Learning Professional English in Automation3.1. Online Courses: There are many online courses available that focus on professional English in automation. These courses cover technical vocabulary, writing skills, and communication strategies specific to the industry.3.2. Industry Publications: Reading industry publications such as journals, magazines, and research papers can help professionals stay updated on the latest trends and developments in automation while improving their professional English skills.3.3. Language Workshops: Participating in language workshops and seminars tailored to the automation industry can provide professionals with valuable opportunities to practice their English skills and receive feedback from language experts.4. Challenges in Professional English for Automation Professionals4.1. Jargon and Acronyms: The automation industry is filled with technical jargon and acronyms that can be challenging for non-native English speakers to understand and use correctly.4.2. Cultural Differences: Working in a globalized industry like automation can expose professionals to different cultural norms and communication styles. Understanding and navigating these differences can be a challenge for non-native English speakers.4.3. Time Constraints: Professionals in the automation industry often face tight deadlines and demanding workloads, leaving little time for language improvement. Finding time to dedicate to language learning can be a significant challenge.5. Benefits of Improving Professional English Skills in Automation5.1. Career Advancement: Strong professional English skills can open up new opportunities for automation professionals, including career advancement, international assignments, and higher salaries.5.2. Enhanced Collaboration: Improved communication through professional English can lead to better collaboration with colleagues, clients, and partners, resulting in more successful projects and outcomes.5.3. Personal Development: Developing professional English skills in automation can boost professionals' confidence, expand their knowledge base, and contribute to their overall personal and professional growth.In conclusion, professional English skills are essential for automation professionals to succeed in their careers and effectively communicate in the industry. By focusing on vocabulary building, writing practice, and communication skills development, professionals can enhance their language proficiency and achieve greater success in the field of automation.。
自动化专业英语第三版
在流体中心，流体颗粒具有最大的速度.
6
2. Basic Terms
• Thus, the average rate of flow is used in flow calculations. • 因此，在流量计算时采用流体的平均速率 The units of velocity are normally feet per. second (fps), feet per minute (fpm), meters per second (mps), and so on. 速度的单位通常为英尺每秒 (fps) ，英尺每分钟 • Previously, the pressures associated with (fpm) ，米每秒 (mps)，等等 . as static, impact fluid flow were defined (冲击，作用), or dynamic. 以前（章节中），与流体流量相关的压力定义为静 压，全压，或动压.
Viscosity (dynamic viscosity, or absolute viscosity) can be measured in poise (泊) or centipoise (厘泊), whereas kinematic viscosity (运动粘度)(without force) is measured in stokes (沱) or centistokes (厘沱). 动态粘度(或叫绝对粘度)的计量单位是泊或厘泊， 而运动粘度(没有力的单位，即没有牛顿单位)的计 量单位是沱或厘沱 Dynamic or absolute viscosity is used in the Reynolds (雷诺) and flow equations. 动态粘度或绝对粘度用于雷诺数的推导和流体方程 中.
自动化专业英语(第三版)教学课件lesson2.4-文档资料
• The freezing points of certain other metals are also used as secondary fixed points to provide additional reference points during calibration procedures. • 某种其它金属的冰点也可以用作第二个固定点，从而在标 Instruments to measure temperature can be 定过程中提供额外的参考点。 divided into separate classes according to the physical principle on which they operate. The main principles used are:
济南大学控制科学与工程学院
自动化专业英语
பைடு நூலகம்1 1
1. Principles of temperature measurement
• Temperature measurement is very important 然而，它提出一些特殊的问题，因为温度测量没有一个基 in spheres of life and especially so in the 本的温度标准量，无法像其它量的测量一样可以与质量、 长度和时间等主要的标准量联系起来。 process industries. • However, it poses particular problems, since 温度测量在生活范围内特别是在过程工业中非常重要。 temperature measurement cannot be related to a fundamental standard of temperature in the same way that the measurement of other quantities can be related to the primary standards of mass, length and time.
自动化专业英语unit3
原句中没有行为主体，可适当添加， 原句中没有行为主体，可适当添加，如“人 有人” 我们” 们”、“有人”、“我们”等 。 A few years ago it was thought unbelievable that the computer could have so high speed as well so small volume. 几年前，人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行 几年前，人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行 速度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。 速度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。 不需要或无法讲出动作发出者，译成无主句。 不需要或无法讲出动作发出者，译成无主句。 What kind of device is needed to make the control system simple? 需要什么装置使控制系统简化？ 需要什么装置使控制系统简化？
我要指出一点，这种模型的寻找、 我要指出一点，这种模型的寻找、行为特征及行为 特征与他们试图表示的实际环境间的关系的研究， 特征与他们试图表示的实际环境间的关系的研究， 以及为获得可靠的预测连同接下来采取行动而进行 的重要的修正， 的重要的修正，如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究 人员的帮助是不可能的， 人员的帮助是不可能的，这些技术人员已经成功地 把科学创意转化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 把科学创意转化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 我要指出一点，模型的建立、 我要指出一点，模型的建立、对行为特征及其所表 示的实际情形之间关系的研究， 示的实际情形之间关系的研究，以及一些重要的修 其目的是为了获得可靠预测以及制定决策， 正，其目的是为了获得可靠预测以及制定决策，这 一切如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究人员提供帮 一切如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究人员提供帮 助是不可能的， 助是不可能的，这些技术人员把科学创意成功地转 化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。
自动化专业英语
自动化专业英语自动化专业英语是指在自动化领域中使用英语进行交流和表达的专业英语。
自动化是一门综合性学科，涉及到机械、电子、计算机、控制等多个领域，因此在专业英语中需要掌握相关的词汇、表达方式和专业知识。
一、自动化专业英语词汇1. Automation（自动化）：The technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system operate automatically.2. Control system（控制系统）：A system that manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems.3. Programmable logic controller (PLC)（可编程逻辑控制器）：A digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes.4. Sensor（传感器）：A device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment.5. Actuator（执行器）：A component of a machine that is responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism.6. Feedback（反馈）：The process of returning part of the output of a system to its input.7. Process control（过程控制）：A system that uses sensors and feedback to automatically adjust the operation of a process.8. Industrial robot（工业机器人）：A robot system used for manufacturing, assembly, or material handling tasks.9. Human-machine interface (HMI)（人机界面）：The point of interaction between a human operator and a machine.10. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)（监控与数据采集系统）：A system for remote monitoring and control of industrial processes.二、自动化专业英语表达方式1. Describing a process（描述过程）：To begin with, the raw materials are fed into the production line. Then, the sensors detect the input and send signals to the control system. The control system processes the signals and adjusts the parameters of the actuators accordingly. This ensures that the production process is carried out smoothly and efficiently.2. Explaining a control system（解释控制系统）：A control system consists of several components, including sensors, actuators, and a programmable logic controller (PLC). The sensors detect the input from the environment and send signals to the PLC. The PLC processes the signals and sends commands to the actuators. The actuators then move or control the mechanism based on the commands received. This allows the control system to regulate and maintain the desired behavior of the system.3. Discussing the importance of automation（讨论自动化的重要性）：Automation plays a crucial role in various industries. It improves efficiency, reduces human error, and increases productivity. By automating repetitive tasks, companies can save time and resources. Moreover, automation enables real-time monitoring and controlof processes, leading to better quality control and higher safety levels. In addition, automation allows for flexibility and scalability, as systems can be easily reprogrammedor reconfigured to adapt to changing requirements.4. Presenting the benefits of using industrial robots（介绍使用工业机器人的好处）：Industrial robots have revolutionized manufacturing processes. They can perform repetitive tasks with high precision and speed, resulting in increased productivity.Furthermore, robots can operate in hazardous environments, reducing the risk to human workers. With their ability to handle heavy loads and work for extended periods, robots contribute to cost savings and improved efficiency. Additionally, robots can be programmed to perform complex tasks, such as assembly or welding, with minimal errors.三、自动化专业英语专业知识1. PID control（PID控制）：A control technique used in feedback control systems. It calculates an error value as the difference between the desired setpoint and the measured process variable. The control algorithm adjusts the output based on proportional, integral, and derivative terms to minimize the error and achieve stable control.2. Robotics（机器人技术）：The branch of engineering and science that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots. It encompasses mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and artificial intelligence.3. PLC programming（PLC编程）：The process of creating a set of instructions for a programmable logic controller. It involves defining input and output signals, designing the control logic, and implementing the desired functionality.4. HMI design（人机界面设计）：The process of creating an interface between a human operator and a machine. It involves designing user-friendly screens, buttons, and menus to facilitate interaction and control.5. SCADA system architecture（SCADA系统架构）：The structure and components of a supervisory control and data acquisition system. It typically consists of a human-machine interface, remote terminal units, communication networks, and a central control station.以上是关于自动化专业英语的标准格式文本，涵盖了词汇、表达方式和专业知识。
自动化专业英语第三版王树青第一章翻译
自动化专业英语第三版1.1 介绍过程控制1.近年来，对过程系统的性能改善需求变得越来越困难. 更为激烈的竞争，更加严格的环境和安全规范，以及快速变化的经济条件都是加强工厂产品质量规范的关键因素2.更为复杂的情况是，由于现代制造业朝着规模更大,集成度更高的方向发展,而使不同的加工环节之间的协调能力更低, 所以加工过程更难控制.在这种工厂中，要想让一个生产环节出现的问题不对其相连的另一个生产环节产生影响,几乎是不可能的.3.近年来，考虑到工业制造逐渐加强的安全、高效需求，过程控制这个课题变得越来越受重视.实际上，对于大多数现代工业，要满足安全、高效，产品质量的要求，没有控制系统是不可能的.1.1.1说明性的例子1.图1.1.1 所示的连续加热搅拌器可以作为过程控制的典型例子.输入液态流体的质量流量率为w，温度为Ti. 槽内成分搅拌均匀，并且用电加热器，功率为Q瓦特.2.假设输入和输出流量率是相等的，并且液体密度保持恒定，也就是说温度变化足够小，密度对温度的影响可以忽略不计. 在这些条件下，槽内液体的体积保持恒定3.加热搅拌器的控制目标是保持输出温度T在一个恒定参考值TR上.参考值在控制术语中指的是给定值. 下面我们考虑两个问题.把加热搅拌器内的液体从输入温度Ti加热到输出温度TR，需要多少热量？1.要确定达到设计运行条件下的热量需求，我们需要写下槽内液体的稳定能量平衡式.在写平衡式之前，假设槽内是完美搅拌的，同时忽略热损耗.2.在这些条件下，槽内成分的温度保持一致，因此，输出温度等于槽内液体温度..3.分别表示Ti, T, w, 和 QC 是液体的比热. 我们假设C是恒定的. 在设计条件下，将其代入方程（1），1.方程（2）是加热器的设计方程.如果我们的假设是正确的，同时输入流量和输入温度等于他们的标定值，那么有方程（2）给出的输入热量将使输出温度保持在期望值TR.但是，如果给定条件变化，会产生什么样的结果呢？这给我们带来第二个问题：2.问题2. 假设输入温度Ti随时间变化. 我们如何确保温度T保持或靠近给定值TR？最为一个特殊的例子，假设Ti增加到一个大于的值. 如果Q保持在标定值上恒定，我们可以得到输出温度将增加，因此T>TR.为应付这种情况，有一些可能的策略控制出口温度T方法1。
自动化专业英语第三版王树青翻译
自动化专业英语第三版1.1 介绍过程控制1.近年来，对过程系统的性能改善需求变得越来越困难. 更为激烈的竞争，更加严格的环境和安全规范，以及快速变化的经济条件都是加强工厂产品质量规范的关键因素2.更为复杂的情况是，由于现代制造业朝着规模更大,集成度更高的方向发展,而使不同的加工环节之间的协调能力更低, 所以加工过程更难控制.在这种工厂中，要想让一个生产环节出现的问题不对其相连的另一个生产环节产生影响,几乎是不可能的.3.近年来，考虑到工业制造逐渐加强的安全、高效需求，过程控制这个课题变得越来越受重视.实际上，对于大多数现代工业，要满足安全、高效，产品质量的要求，没有控制系统是不可能的.1.1.1说明性的例子1.图1.1.1 所示的连续加热搅拌器可以作为过程控制的典型例子.输入液态流体的质量流量率为w，温度为Ti. 槽内成分搅拌均匀，并且用电加热器，功率为Q瓦特.2.假设输入和输出流量率是相等的，并且液体密度保持恒定，也就是说温度变化足够小，密度对温度的影响可以忽略不计. 在这些条件下，槽内液体的体积保持恒定3.加热搅拌器的控制目标是保持输出温度T在一个恒定参考值TR上.参考值在控制术语中指的是给定值. 下面我们考虑两个问题.把加热搅拌器内的液体从输入温度Ti加热到输出温度TR，需要多少热量？1.要确定达到设计运行条件下的热量需求，我们需要写下槽内液体的稳定能量平衡式. 在写平衡式之前，假设槽内是完美搅拌的，同时忽略热损耗.2.在这些条件下，槽内成分的温度保持一致，因此，输出温度等于槽内液体温度..3.分别表示Ti, T, w, 和 QC 是液体的比热. 我们假设C是恒定的. 在设计条件下，将其代入方程（1），1.方程（2）是加热器的设计方程.如果我们的假设是正确的，同时输入流量和输入温度等于他们的标定值，那么有方程（2）给出的输入热量将使输出温度保持在期望值TR.但是，如果给定条件变化，会产生什么样的结果呢？这给我们带来第二个问题：2.问题2. 假设输入温度Ti随时间变化. 我们如何确保温度T保持或靠近给定值TR？最为一个特殊的例子，假设Ti增加到一个大于的值. 如果Q保持在标定值上恒定，我们可以得到输出温度将增加，因此T>TR.为应付这种情况，有一些可能的策略控制出口温度T方法1。
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2. Basic Terms
• Thus, the average rate of flow is used in flow calculations.
• 因Th此e，un在its流o量f v计el算oc时ity采ar用e n流o体rm的all平y f均ee速t p率er.
这一单元将使用以前单元的术语和定义，同 时也会引入一些新的关于流体和流速测量的 定义.
4
速度是对2一.个B物a体s速ic率和T方e向rm的测s量.
• Velocity (速度) is a measure of speed and direction of an object.
• When related to fluids it is the rate of flow of
second (fps), feet per minute (fpm), meters per second (mps), and so on. •速P度re的v单iou位s通ly,常th为e英p尺re每ss秒ur(efpss)a，ss英oc尺ia每te分d 钟with (fpflmu)id，米flo每w秒w(merpes)，de等fin等ed. as static, impact (冲击，作用), or dynamic.
以前（章节中），与流体流量相关的压力定义为静 压，全压，或动压.
7
2. Basic Terms
• Laminar flow (层流) of a liquid occurs when its average velocity is comparatively low and the fluid particles tend to move smoothly in layers, as shown in Figure 2.3.1(a). The velocity of the particles across the liquid takes a parabolic (抛 物线) shape.
许多液体和气体的成本都是基于管道中测量的流量 ，出于核算的目的，必须精确的测量与控制流体的 速度(流速，流量).
3
2. Basic Terms
• This unit will be using terms and definitions from previous units as well as introducing a number of new definitions related to flow and flow rate sensing.
Байду номын сангаас
fluid particles in a pipe. The speed of
particles in a fluid flow varies across the flow,
i.e., where the fluid is in contact with the
constraining (约束) walls (the boundary layer)
层流发生在液体流速相对较低时，流体粒子在各层中倾 向于平滑移动，如图2.3.1(a)所示. 液体中的粒子速度呈 抛物线分布.
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2. Basic Terms
• Turbulent flow (湍流) occurs when the flow velocity is high and the particles no longer flow smoothly in layers and turbulence (紊乱) or a rolling (旋转，滚动) effect occurs. This is shown in Figure 2.3.1(b). Note also the flattening ( 平 均 化 ， 扁 率 ) of the velocity profile (外形，轮廓).
2
1. Introduction
• The cost of many liquids and gases are based on the measured flow through a pipeline making it necessary to accurately measure and control the rate of flow for accounting purpose.
这一单元讨论流量测量和仪器仪表所使用的基本术 流 语体与流公量 式的. 测量在工业应用中是非常重要的. 某些 设备和操作的最佳性能需要精确的流速 • The measurement of fluid flow is very important in industrial applications. Optimum performance of some equipement (设备) and operations (操作) require specific flow rates.
applications
• Flow measurements using differential pressure measuring devices and their characteristics
1
1. Introduction
• This unit discusses the basic terms and fomulas used in flow measurements and instrumentation (仪器仪表).
the velocity of the liquid particles is virtually
zero;
当与流体相关时，指的是管道中流体粒子的
流量速度. 流体流动中，粒子的速率各不相
同，比如，当流体与约束壁(边界层)接触时
，流体粒子的速度实质上为零；
5
2. Basic Terms
• in the center of the flow the liquid particles will have the maximum velocity.
Lesson 2.3 Flow Measurements
This unit covers the following topics: • Reynolds number ( 雷 诺 数 ) and its
application to flow patterns (流型，流动模式) • Formulas (公式) used in flow measurements • Bernoulli equation ( 伯 努 利 方 程 ) and its