光谱响应IPCE测试系统彩页
光谱测试系统(透射、反射、吸收、荧光、PL、拉曼、紫外可见红外)
元 件
□ 宽光谱范围全自动光谱扫描
□ 系统由激发光源部分、样品室部分、分光部分、探测部分、信号采集处理部分、软件部分组成
□ 采用了高通光效率、低杂散光水平的单色仪和优化的光路
光
□ 采用锁相放大器进行信号的处理，大大的提高了系统的信噪比
电
□ 系统经过多年技术积累和客户的成功使用经验，具有很高的可靠性
探
785nm 等
□薄膜厚度测量，厚度范围：10nm-50um，1nm 分辨率
光
□采用氘灯溴钨灯复合光源
学
□自动装载、卸载、定位，每 25 片一包
平
台
光 学 元 件
六、LE-SP-SR 光电探测器光谱响应度测量系统 Spectral Response Measurement System
光
应用范围
电
□本系统专门用于测试光电探测器及各种光电转换材料和器件的光谱响应曲线。针对太阳能电池领域，可以测试太阳能电池的
器
□宽光谱范围，覆盖了紫外可见和红外
□结构设计紧凑，高分辨率
主要规格
光
□光谱范围：200-1100nm（Up to 2200nm 可选）
机
□采用低噪声线阵 CCD，2048 象素
产 品
□适合晶圆尺寸：2 英寸、4 英寸、6 英寸、8 英寸
□多种激光波长可选：266nm、325nm、375nm、405nm、532nm、658nm、
测
□ 采用模块化设计，使用灵活，便于功能扩展和升级
弱
&
□ 可实现样品原位测量
信
□ 可升级做显微的 PL 光谱测试
号
处
□ 可升级做 EL 电致发光测量
理
□ 可升级做电场调制光谱
光谱响应介绍
一般效率最高的部分都是落在PN接面的波段，因PN接面内部电场可有效率的拆 解吸收光子后的电子-电洞对，效率最高500 nm~800 nm波段，反应的是PN接面 层的特性。800 nm~1100 nm波段穿透到最下层的P层，光谱随波长增加而快速递 减的原因有二，800 nm ~1000 nm 波段波长越长，产生的电子-电洞对就越远离 PN接面，需藉由扩散机制到达PN接面，距离PN接面越远，再扩散到PN接面前就 被复合的机率较高，所以800 nm ~1000 nm 光谱随波长递减。大于1000 nm波段 快速下降则是因为入射光能量逐渐小于P层材料的能隙，入射光无法激发电子-电 洞对之产生，所以曲线快速下降，可由外部量子效率观察出各层反应特性。) 光谱各波段特性可反应组件各层的反应特性，提供改善制程之依据外，光谱响 应/量子效率可针对AM1.5G光谱作短路电流密度计算。
e e ph ph
பைடு நூலகம்
简单的来说：量子效率=（1240*光谱响应）/响应波长，当然这个一般是指外量子效 率
R( ) ne e t ne e I( ) e ( ) P ( ) n ph h t n ph hc hc
( ) 1240 R( ) (nm)
IQE and Ref(%)
100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00
R1 sp1 IQE Jsc=38.58mA/cm^2
IQE & ref(%) 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 R1 sp2 IQE Jsc=38.47mA/cm^2 R1 sp1 Ref Jsc=38.58mA/cm^2 R1 sp2 Ref Jsc=38.47mA/cm^2 R5-1 sp1 IQE Jsc=39.49mA/cm^2
光名词中英文
美国颐光科技有限公司是一家集开发、制造和销售光学元器件、光谱仪器、光电设备和与光学系统有关的仪器设备为一体的高新技术企业，同时也是多家美国、德国、英国、意大利、韩国等光学产品公司的中国区代理。
产品涉及单色仪，分光光度计，各种光谱仪器，时间相关荧光光谱测量,皮秒激光和皮秒光源，CCD,ICCD,红外面阵探测器，高速雪崩二极管探测器，光电倍增管，光学元器件，光学镀膜产品，各种光源，太阳模拟器，电光源及LED测量系统等。
一、光谱仪器我公司光谱仪器，信噪比高，性能稳定，技术先进，对光谱测试过程实现计算机控制自动化，过程简单方便，测试结果在行业内也会具有一定的权威性和说服力。
凭借测试系统的高性价比以及全面的技术服务，我公司光谱测试系统已在国内很多单位的实验室投入使用，包括清华大学等知名大学、国家权威计量单位、中国科学院等研究机构以及众多的相关企业，经过大量客户对我公司光谱测试系统的使用，证明了我公司的光谱仪器及光谱测试系统的成熟。
1. 宽带光源，具有光谱范围宽，性能稳定，易于集成系统等优点。
卤钨灯，主要应用于可见到红外波段光谱测试。
氘灯，主要应用于紫外波段光谱测试。
氙灯，主要应用于紫外到红外波段光谱测试。
红外灯，主要应用于红外波段光谱测试。
混合光源，采用钨灯和氘灯混合，光谱范围可以覆盖185nm-2500nm.积分球光源，通过配备积分球，使光源输出更均匀。
我公司宽带光源2. 窄带光源，具有精度高，杂散光低，易于集成系统等优点。
波长连续可调卤钨灯光源波长连续可调氘灯光源波长连续可调氙灯光源波长连续可调混合光源波长连续可调其他光源光谱校准灯3. 单色仪，较同类产品具有计算机控制自动化，精度高，准确度高，重复性高，杂散光低，性能稳定，耐用等优点，性价比高也是我公司单色仪产品的突出优点。
CM110微型单单色仪CM112微型双单色仪CM系列微型单色仪附件CM系列单色仪标准光栅DK240 1/4米单单色仪DK242 1/4米双单色仪DK480 1/2米单色仪DK系列单色仪附件DK系列单色仪标准光栅4. 分光光度计，波长涉及紫外，可见及红外波段，较同类产品具有精度高，杂散光低，性能稳定等优点，与计算机的数据传输采用USB口，使用方便，测量简单。
太阳能电池光谱响应测量系统介绍
太阳能电池量子效率/光谱响应/IPCE 测试系统，适用于普通高校与研究所等高端实验室。
独特的直流测量模式，可以测试几乎所有类型的太阳能电池，特别适合用于测量染料敏化太阳能电池（Dye-sensitized solar cell , DSSC ）和光电化学电池（Photoelectrochemical cell, PEC ）,以及钙钛矿结构电池 (Perovskite)。
◆ 测量范围350 ~ 1100 nm ，满足近紫外，可见光，近红外波段的全光谱测量。
◆ 光源系统光谱平滑，无毛刺，在可见光和近红外范围比传统氙灯更准确。
◆ 高强度单色光单位光强，测量重复性高于99%。
◆ 直流测量模式 (DC Mode)，比传统交流测量模式速度更快。
◆ 直流测量模式加直流偏置光测量优化。
◆ 低杂散光暗箱，提高直流测量准确性。
◆EQE 和IQE 同点原位测试。
◆量子效率/光谱响应/IPCE◆ 各种光谱短路电流密度计算Jsc◆染料敏化电池 DSSC◆ 光电化学电池 PEC , RC cell ◆ 钙钛矿电池 Perovskite ◆ 晶硅电池 c-Si, mc-Si◆ 薄膜电池 a-Si ,CdTe, CIGS, OPV图1-2 HIT 结构电池测试结果图1-1 各式薄膜电池测试结果 ◆内量子效率测量◆ 反射率，透射率测量 ◆ 光电输出衰减测量 ◆ 电解池样品测量系统其他功能 太阳能电池光谱响应测量系统介绍 (特别适用于钙钛矿与染料敏化电池测量)系统特点系统应用系统主要功能图2 XQ灯源光谱平滑，在800 ~ 1000 nm没有特征峰，比传统Xe灯更加稳定，在可见光和近红外范围比传统氙灯更准确图3-1 出色的电子电路设计和优化，滤除直流偏置光产生的噪音信号，使得样品可以在有偏置光的情况下进行直流测量。
DSSC电池在不加偏置光情况下测量结果和加偏置光的结果完全吻合。
证明偏置光对小信号的读取测量没有影响图3-2 优异的测试重复性和设备稳定性，碲化镉电池实测重复性优于99.5%图4 对于钙钛矿电池等一些多缺陷样品，需要非常强的单位面积单色光强才能测量出准确的结果。
FSP3 FSP7 FSP13 FSP30 FSP40指示书说明书
S p e c i f i c a t i o nsSpectrum Analyzer ¸FSPSpecificationsSpecificationsSpecifications are valid under the following conditions:15 minutes warm-up time at ambient temperature, specified environmental conditions met, calibration cycle adhered to, and total calibration performed.Data without tolerances: typical values only.Data designated "nominal" applies to design parameters and is not tested.Data designated "σ = xx dB" is shown as standard deviation.¸FSP3¸FSP7¸FSP13¸FSP30¸FSP40 FrequencyFrequency range9 kHz to 3GHz9 kHz to 7GHz9 kHz to 13.6GHz9 kHz to 30GHz9 kHz to 40GHz Frequency resolution0.01 HzInternal reference frequency (nominal)Aging per year1)1)After 30 days of operation.1 × 10–6Temperature drift 1 × 10–6With option ¸FSP-B4 (OCXO)Aging per year1) 1 × 10–7Temperature drift 1 × 10–8External reference frequency10 MHzFrequency display with marker or frequency counterMarker resolution span/500Max. deviation(sweep time >3× auto sweep time)±(frequency × reference frequency + 0.5% × span + 10% × resolution bandwidth + ½ (last digit)) Frequency counter resolution0.1 Hz to 10 kHz (selectable)Count accuracy (S/N >25 dB)±(frequency × reference frequency + ½ (last digit))Frequency span0 Hz,10 Hz to 3GHz0 Hz,10 Hz to 7GHz0 Hz,10 Hz to 13.6GHz0 Hz,10 Hz to 30GHz0 Hz,10 Hz to 40GHzMax. span deviation0.1% Spectral purity (dBc (1 Hz)) SSB phase noise, f = 500 MHz, for f > 500 MHz see diagrams belowCarrier offset100 Hz<–84, typ.–90 1 kHz<−100, typ.−108 10 kHz<−106, typ. −113100 kHz2)2)Valid for span >100 kHz.<−110, typ. −1131 MHz2)<−120, typ.−125 10 MHz typ.−145 Residual FMf = 500 MHz, RBW 1 kHz,sweep time 100 mstyp. 3 Hz2 Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSPSpectrum Analyzer ¸FSP3Sweep timeSpan ≥10 Hz 2.5 ms to 16000 sMax. deviation1%Span 0 Hz 1 µs to 16000 sResolution125 nsResolution bandwidthsBandwidths10 Hz to 10 MHz (–3 dB) in 1, 3 sequenceEMI bandwidths200 Hz, 9 kHz, 120 kHz (–6 dB)Bandwidth accuracy≤100 kHz<3%300 kHz to 3 MHz<10%10 MHz+10%, –30%Shape factor –60 dB: –3 dB≤100 kHz<5:1 (Gaussian filters)300 kHz to 3 MHz<15:1 (4-pole synchronously tuned filters)10 MHz<7:1Shape factor –60 dB: –6 dBEMI bandwidths<5:1Video bandwidths 1 Hz to 10 MHz in 1, 3 sequenceFFT filterBandwidths 1 Hz to 30 kHz (–3 dB) in 1, 3 sequenceBandwidth accuracy5%, nominalShape factor –60dB:–3 dB 2.5:1 nominalChannel filterBandwidths100; 200; 300; 500 Hz;1; 1.5; 2; 2.4; 2.7; 3; 3.4; 4; 4.5; 5; 6; 8.5; 9; 10; 12.5; 14; 15; 16; 18 (RRC); 20; 21; 24.3 (RRC); 25; 30; 50; 100;150; 192; 200; 300; 500 kHz; 1;1.228; 1.5; 2; 3; 5 MHz1.28 (RRC), 3.84 (RRC), 4.096 (RRC)LevelDisplay range displayed average noise level to 30 dBmMaximum input levelDC voltage50 V0 VRF attenuation 0 dBCW RF power20 dBmPulse spectral density97 dBµV (1 MHz)RF attenuation ≥10 dBCW RF power30 dBmMax. pulse voltage150 V50 VMax. pulse energy (10 µs) 1 mWs0.5 mWs1 dB compression of input mixer0 dB RF attenuation, f > 200 MHz0 dBm nominalIntermodulation3rd-order intermodulationIntermodulation-free dynamic range, level 2 × –30 dBm, ∆f > 5 × RBW or 10 kHz, whichever is larger20 MHz to 200 MHz>70 dBc, TOI >5 dBm200 MHz to 3 GHz>74 dBc, TOI >7 dBm (typ. 10 dBm)3 GHz to 7 GHz−>80 dBc, TOI >10 dBm (typ. 15 dBm)7 GHz to 13.6 GHz−−>80 dBc, TOI >10 dBm13.6 GHz to 30 GHz−−−>76 dBc, TOI >8dBm>80 dBc, TOI >10 dBm 30 GHz to 40 GHz−−−−>80 dBc, TOI >10 dBm With optional Electronic Attenuator ¸FSP-B25 switched on20 MHz to 200 MHz>74 dBc, TOI > 7 dBm−200 MHz to 3 GHz>80 dBc, TOI > 10 dBm−3 GHz to 7 GHz>84 dBc, TOI > 12 dBm−4 Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSPSecond harmonic intercept point (SHI)<100 MHz typ. 25 dBm100 MHz to 1.5 GHz typ. 35 dBm1.5 GHz to 7 GHz−typ. 80 dBm7 GHz to 13.6 GHz−−typ. 80 dBm13.6 GHz to 30 GHz−−−typ. 80 dBm30 GHz to 40 GHz−−−−typ.80 dBm Displayed average noise level(0 dB RF attenuation, RBW 10 Hz, VBW 1 Hz, 20 averages, trace average, span 0 Hz, termination 50 Ω)Frequency9 kHz<−95 dBm100 kHz<−100 dBm1 MHz<−120 dBm, typ. −125 dBm10 MHz to 1 GHz<−142 dBm,typ.−145 dBm<−140 dBm, typ. −145 dBm1 GHz to 3 GHz<−140 dBm,typ. −145 dBm<−138 dBm, typ. −143 dBm3 GHz to 7 GHz−<−138 dBm,typ. −143 dBm<−135 dBm, typ. −140 dBm7 GHz to 13.6 GHz−−<−132 dBm, typ. −138 dBm13.6 GHz to 22 GHz−−−<−120 dBm,typ. −128 dBm−22 GHz to 30 GHz−−−<−115 dBm,typ. −123 dBm−13.6 GHz to 20 GHz−−−−<−120 dBm,typ. −128 dBm 20 GHz to 30 GHz−−−−<−120 dBm,typ. −128 dBm 30 GHz to 40 GHz−−−−<−112 dBm,typ. −120 dBm Displayed average noise level with preamplifier on (option ¸FSP-B25)10 MHz to 2 GHz<–152 dBm−2 GHz to 7 GHz<–150 dBm−Immunity to interferenceImage frequency>70 dBIntermediate frequency (f <3 GHz)>70 dBSpurious responses (f >1 MHz, withoutinput signal, 0 dB attenuation)<−103 dBmOther spurious (with input signal, mixer level <–10 dBm, ∆f >100kHz)f <7 GHz: <−70 dBc f <13.6 GHz: <−64 dBc f <30 GHz: <−56 dBcLevel displayScreen501 × 400 pixels (one diagram), max. two diagrams with independent settingsLogarithmic level scale10 dB to 200 dB, in steps of 10 dBLinear level scale10% of reference level per level division (10 divisions)Traces max. 3, with two diagrams on screen max. 3 per diagramTrace detector max peak, min peak, auto peak, sample, quasi-peak, average, RMSTrace functions clear/write, max. hold, min hold, averageNumber of test points501, selectable in steps of approx. factor 2, 125 to 8001Setting range of reference levelLogarithmic level display–130 dBm to 30 dBm, in steps of 0.1 dBLinear level display70.71 nV to 7.07 V in steps of 1%Units of level scale dBm, dBmV, dBµV, dBµA, dBpW (log level display), mV, µV, mA, µA, pW, nW (linear level display)Max. uncertainty of level measurementAt 128 MHz, −30 dBm (RF attenuation10dB, RBW 10kHz, ref. level –20 dBm)<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSP5Frequency response<50 kHz <+0.5/− 1.0 dB50 kHz to 3 GHz<0.5 dB (σ = 0.17 dB)3 GHz to 7 GHz–<2 dB(σ = 0.7 dB)7 GHz to 13.6 GHz––<2.5 dB1)13.6 GHz to 30 GHz–––<3 dB1)30 GHz to 40 GHz––––<4 dB1) Frequency response with option ¸FSP-B25 switched on (preamplifier, electronic attenuator)10 MHz to 3 GHz<1 dB(σ = 0.33 dB)–3 GHz to 7 GHz–<2 dB(σ = 0.7 dB)–Attenuator<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)Reference level switching<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)Display nonlinearity LOG/LIN (S/N >16 dB)RBW ≤100 kHz0 dB to –70 dB<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)–70 dB to –90 dB<0.5 dB (σ = 0.17 dB)RBW ≥300 kHz0 dB to –50 dB<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)–50 dB to –70 dB<0.5 dB (σ = 0.17 dB)Bandwidth switching uncertainty (ref. to RBW = 10 kHz)10 Hz to 100 kHz <0.1 dB (σ = 0.03 dB)300 kHz to 10 MHz<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)1 Hz to 3 kHz, FFT<0.2 dB (σ = 0.03 dB)Total measurement uncertainty0 GHz to 3 GHz0.5 dBTrigger functionsTriggerSpan ≥10 HzTrigger source free run, video, external, IF levelTrigger offset125 ns to 100 s, resolution 125 ns min. (or 1% of offset)Span = 0 HzTrigger source free run, video, external, IF levelTrigger offset±125 ns to 100 s, min. resolution 125 ns, dependent on sweep timeMax. deviation of trigger offset±(125 ns + (0.1% × delay time))Gated sweepTrigger source external, IF level, videoGate delay 1 µs to 100 sGate length125 ns to 100 s, min. resolution 125 ns or 1% of gate lengthMax. deviation of gate length±(125 ns + (0.05% × gate length))Inputs and outputs (front panel)RF input N female, 50 Ωtest port system 50 Ω,N female,3.5 mm female2)test port system 50 Ω,N female,K female2)VSWR (RF attenuation >0 dB)f <3 GHz 1.5:1f <7 GHz− 2.0:1f <13 GHz−− 2.5:1f <30 GHz−−− 3.0:1f <40 GHz−−−− 3.0:1 Input attenuator0 dB to 70 dB in 10 dB stepsWith option ¸FSP-B250 dB to 75 dB in 5 dB steps not availableProbe power supply+15 V DC, –12.6 V DC and ground, max. 150 mAKeyboard connector PS/2 female for MF2 keyboardAF output (only with option ¸FSP-B3) 3.5 mm mini-jackOutput impedance10 ΩOpen-circuit voltage up to 1.5 V, adjustable6 Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSPInputs and outputs (rear panel)IF 20.4 MHz Z out= 50 Ω, BNC femaleLevelRBW ≤30 kHz, FFT–10 dBm at reference level, mixer level >–60 dBmRBW ≥100 kHz0 dBm at reference level, mixer level >–60 dBmReference frequencyOutput BNC femaleOutput frequency10 MHzLevel 0 dBm, nominalInput10 MHzRequired level0 dBm into 50 ΩOthersPower supply for noise source BNC female, 0 V and 28 V, switchable, max. 100mAExternal trigger/gate input BNC female, >10 kΩTrigger voltage 1.4 V (TTL)IEC/IEEE bus remote control interface to IEC 625-2 (IEEE 488.2)Command set SCPI 1997.0Connector24-pin Amphenol femaleInterface functions SH1, AH1, T6, L4, SR1, RL1, PP1, DC1, DT1, C0Serial interface RS-232-C (COM), 9-pin sub-D connectorPrinter interface parallel (Centronics-compatible)Mouse connector PS/2 femaleConnector for ext. monitor (VGA)15-pin sub-D connectorGeneral dataDisplay21 cm TFT colour display (8.4”)Resolution640 × 480 pixels (VGA resolution)Pixel failure rate<2 × 10 –5Mass memory 1.44 MByte 3½” disk drive (built-in), hard diskData storage>500 instrument settings and tracesTemperaturesOperating temperature range+5°C to +40°CPermissible temperature range+5°C to +45°CStorage temperature range–40°C to +70°CDamp heat+40°C at 95% relative humidity (EN 60068-2-30)Mechanical resistanceVibration, sinusoidal 5 Hz to 150 Hz, max. 2 g at 55 Hz; 0.5 g from 55 Hz to 150 Hz; meets EN60068-2-6, EN60068-2-30, EN61010-1,MIL-T-28800D, class 5Vibration, random10 Hz to 100 Hz, acceleration 1 g (rms)Shock test40 g shock spectrum, meets MIL-STD-810C and MIL-T-28800D, classes 3 and 5Recommended calibration interval 2 years for operation with external reference,1 year with internal referencePower supplyAC supply100 V AC to 240 V AC, 50 Hz to 400Hz, 3.1 A to 1.3 A, class of protection I to VDE411Typical power consumption70 VA 120 VA150 VASafety meets EN61010-1, UL3111-1, CSAC22.2 No. 1010-1,RFI suppression meets EMC Directive of EU (89/336/EEC) and German EMC lawTest mark VDE, GS, CSA, CSA-NRTL/CDimensions in mm (W × H × D)412 × 197 × 417Weight10.5 kg11.3 kg12 kg1)RF attenuation 10 dB, sweep time >1s/1 GHz.2)See recommended extras for alternate connectors.Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSP7Specifications of optionsTracking Generator ¸FSP-B9Unless specified otherwise, specifications not valid for frequency range from –3 × RBW to +3 × RBW; however, at least not valid from –9 kHz to +9 kHz.The specified level accuracy of the tracking generator is valid under the following conditions: RF attenuation ≥ 20 dB and sweep time ≥2000 ms.FrequencyFrequency range9 kHz to 3 GHzFrequency offsetSetting range±150 MHzResolution 1 HzSpectral purity (dBc (1 Hz)) SSB phase noise, f = 500 MHz, carrier offset 100 kHzNormal mode typ. –90With FM modulation on typ. –70LevelLevel setting range–30 dBm to 0 dBm in steps of 0.1 dBLevel setting range with AM–30 dBm to –6 dBm in steps of 0.1 dBMax. deviation of output level, 128 MHz, 0 dBm<1 dBFrequency responseOutput level 0 dBm, 100 kHz to 2 GHz<1 dBOutput level 0 dBm to −25 dBm, 9 kHz to 3 GHz<3 dBDynamic rangeAttenuation measurement range, RBW = 1 kHz, f > 10 MHz120 dBSpuriousHarmonics, output level –10 dBm typ. –30 dBcNonharmonics, output level 0 dBm typ. –30 dBcModulationModulation format (external)I/Q, AM, FM, FM-DC, PM, ASK, FSKAM, f > 10 MHzModulation depth0% to 99%Modulation frequency range0 Hz to 1 MHzFM, f > 10 MHzFrequency deviation0 Hz to 20 MHzModulation frequency range0 Hz to 100 kHzI/Q modulation, f > 10 MHz0 Hz to 30 MHz typ. 1 dBInputs and outputs (front panel)RF output N female, 50 ΩVSWR typ. 2:1Inputs and outputs (rear panel)TG/AM IN V max(pp) = 1 V; Z in = 50 Ω, BNC femaleTG Q/FM IN V max(pp) = 1 V; Z in = 50 Ω, BNC femaleExternal Generator Control ¸FSP-B10Supported signal generators¸SME02/03/06, ¸SMG, ¸SMGL, ¸SMGU, ¸SMH, ¸SMHU,¸SMIQ02B/02E/03B/03E/04B/06B¸SML, ¸SMR20/27/30/40/60¸SMP02/22/03/04,¸SMX, ¸SMY¸SMT02/03/06LAN Interface ¸FSP-B16Connector (rear panel)RJ-45Supported protocols10Base-T (IEEE standard 10 Mbit/s 802.3)100Base-TX (IEEE standard 100 Mbit/s 802.3u)Extended Environmental Specification ¸FSP-B20Temperature range (noncondensing)Operating temperature range 0°C to +50°CPermissible temperature range0°C to +55°CMechanical resistanceVibration, random10 Hz to 300 Hz, acceleration 1.9 g (rms)8 Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSPLO/IF ports for external Mixers ¸FSP-B21 (¸FSP40 only)LO levelFrequency range 7 GHz to 13.2 GHzLevel+15.5 dBm ±3 dBIF inputIF frequency 404.4 MHzFull scale level2 port mixer, LO output/IF input (front) –20 dBmLevel deviation<1dBIF level –30 dBm, reference level –20 dBm, RBW 30 kHz,LO output/IF input (front)Full scale level3 port mixer, IF input (front) –20 dBmLevel deviationIF level –30 dBm, reference level –20 dBm, RBW 30 kHz, IF input (front)<1dBInputs and outputs (front)LO output/IF input SMA female, 50 ΩIF input SMA female, 50 ΩElectronic Attenuator ¸FSP-B25 (only for ¸FSP3 and ¸FSP7)FrequencyFrequency range10 MHz to 7 GHzInput attenuator range (mechanical)0 dB to 75 dB in 5 dB stepsElectronic attenuation range0 dB to 30 dB in 5 dB stepsPreamplifier20 dB, switchableDisplayed average noise level with preamplifier on (0 dB RF attenuation, RBW 10 Hz, VBW 1 Hz, 20 averages, trace average, span 0 Hz, termination 50 Ω) 10 MHz to 2 GHz<–152 dBm2 GHz to 7 GHz<–150 dBmIntermodulation with electronic attenuator on3rd-order intermodulation, intermodulation-free dynamic range, level 2 × –30 dBm, ∆f >5 × RBW or 10 kHz, whichever is larger20 MHz to 200 MHz>74 dBc, TOI >7 dBm200 MHz to 3 GHz>80 dBc, TOI >10 dBm3 GHz to 7 GHz>84 dBc, TOI >12 dBmMax. deviation of level measurement<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)128 MHz, –30 dBm (RF attenuation 10 dB, RBW 10 kHz,ref. level –20dBm), preamplifier onElectronic attenuator<0.2 dB (σ = 0.07 dB)Frequency response with preamplifier, electronic attenuator10 MHz to 3 GHz<1.0 dB (σ = 0.33 dB)3 GHz to 7 GHz<2 dB (σ = 0.7 dB)Trigger Port ¸FSP-B28Output voltage high ≤1.4 Vlow ≥0.7 VTrigger port connector25-pin sub-D femaleFrequency range extension 20 Hz ¸FSP-B29Frequency range 20 Hz to f maxFrequency response <9 kHz <1 dBDisplayed average noise level0 dB RF attenuation, RBW 10 Hz, VBW 1 Hz, 20 averages, trace average, span 0 Hz, termination50Ω20 Hz<–58 dBm100 Hz<–75 dBm1 kHz<–85 dBmDC Power Supply ¸FSP-B30Input voltage range10 V to 28 V DC25 A to 12.5 AOutput voltage 120 V to 360 V DC/300 WCurrent consumption (V DC = 12 V, ¸FSP without options, default settings)¸FSP3typ. 6 A¸FSP30typ. 8 AOperating temperature range 0°C to +50°CStorage temperature range–40°C to +70°CDimensions in mm (W × H × D)145 × 154 × 65Weight0.6 kgSpectrum Analyzer ¸FSP9Battery Pack ¸FSP-B31/-B32NiMH battery pack with built-in load control for all ¸FSP and ¸ESPI models with options ¸FSP-B1 and ¸FSP-B30Input voltage of battery pack10 V to 28 V DCInput voltage power supply (battery charge)24 V DC/max. 3 AOutput voltageBattery operation13.2 V DC/200 WhBypass operation10 V to 28 V DC/10 ATypical operating times (¸FSP without options)¸FSP3 2 h¸FSP30 1.5 hCharging time 5 h at 25°COperating temperature range (discharging)0°C to +50°COperating temperature range (charging)+10°C to +40°CStorage temperature range (<1 year)–20°C to +35°CStorage temperature range (<1 month)–20°C to +55°CDimensions (W × H × D)400 mm × 134 mm × 42 mmWeight 3.7 kgAC adapter (¸FSP-B31 only)Input voltage range100 V to 240 V AC ±10%Input frequency range50 Hz to 60 Hz ±5%Input power140 VAOutput voltage24 VOutput current 3 AOperating temperature range 0°C to +50°CStorage temperature range –20°C to +70°CDimensions (W × H × D)132 mm × 58 mm × 30 mmWeight0.3 kgOrdering informationOrder designation Type Order No. Spectrum Analyzer, 9 kHz to 3 GHz¸FSP31164.4391.03 Spectrum Analyzer, 9 kHz to 7 GHz¸FSP71164.4391.07 Spectrum Analyzer, 9 kHz to 13.6 GHz¸FSP131164.4391.13 Spectrum Analyzer, 9 kHz to 30 GHz¸FSP301164.4391.30 Spectrum Analyzer, 9 kHz to 40 GHz¸FSP401164.4391.40 Accessories suppliedPower cable, compact manual, CD-ROM with operating manual and service manual.¸FSP30: test port adapter with 3.5 mm female (1021.0512.00) and N female (1021.0535.00) connector.¸FSP40: test port adapter with K female (1036.4770.00) and N female (1036.4777.00) connector.OptionsOrder designation Type Order No.Retrofittable RemarksOptionsDelete Manuals¸FSP-B01129.8394.02Rugged Case, carrying handle (factory-fitted)¸FSP-B11129.7998.02noAM/FM Audio Demodulator¸FSP-B31129.6491.02yes not with ¸FSP-B15. OCXO Reference Frequency ¸FSP-B41129.6740.02yesTV Trigger/RF Power Trigger¸FSP-B61129.859.4.02yes not with ¸FSP-B21. Internal Tracking Generator 9 kHz to 3GHz, I/Q modulator, for all ¸FSP models¸FSP-B91129.6991.02yesExternal Generator Control for all ¸FSP models¸FSP-B101129.7246.02yesPulse Calibrator for ¸FSP¸FSP-B151155.1006.02yes not with ¸FSP-B3;required for ¸FS-K72/-K73 LAN Interface 100BT for all ¸FSP models with Windows XP (1164.4391.xx)¸FSP-B161129.8042.03yes10 Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSPOrder designation Type Order No.Retrofittable RemarksLAN Interface 100BT for all ¸FSP models with Windows NT (1043.4495.xx)¸FSP-B161129.8042.02yesExtended Environmental Specification ¸FSP-B201155.1606.06noLO/IF Ports for External Mixers¸FSU-B211157.1090.02yes not with ¸FSP-B6;only for ¸FSP40¸FSP-B251129.7746.02yesElectronic Attenuator, 0 dB to 30 dB, 5 dB steps, integrated preamplifier for¸FSP3 and ¸FSP7Trigger Port for ¸FSP for indication of trigger conditions¸FSP-B281162.9915.02yesFrequency Range Extension 20 Hz for ¸FSP3/7¸FSP-B291163.0663.07noFrequency Range Extension 20 Hz for ¸FSP13/30¸FSP-B291163.0663.30noFrequency Range Extension 20 Hz for ¸FSP40¸FSP-B291163.0663.40noDC Power Supply for Spectrum Analyzers ¸FSP¸FSP-B301155.1158.02yesBattery Pack for Spectrum Analyzers ¸FSP¸FSP-B311155.1258.02yes¸FSP-B1 and¸FSP-B30 required Spare Battery Pack for Spectrum Analyzers ¸FSP¸FSP-B321155.1506.02yes¸FSP-B31 required Demodulation Hardware and Memory Extension¸FSP-B701157.0559.02yes required for ¸FS-K72/-K73; ¸FSP-B15 required SoftwarePhase Noise Measurement Software¸FS-K41108.0088.02GSM/EDGE Application Firmware, Mobile¸FS-K51141.1496.02AM/FM/ϕM Measurement Demodulator¸FS-K71141.1796.02Application Firmware for Bluetooth® Measurements¸FS-K81157.2568.02Power Sensor Measurements¸FS-K91157.3006.02supports ¸NRP-Z11/-Z21with ¸NRP-Z4 USB con-nectorApplication Firmware for Noise Figure and Gain Measurements¸FS-K301300.6508.02Preamplifier ¸FSP-B25recommended3GPP BTS/Node B FDD Application Firmware¸FS-K721154.7000.02¸FSP-B15 and -B70required3GPP UE FDD Application Firmware¸FS-K731154.7252.02¸FSP-B15 required,¸FSP-B70 recommended 3GPP HSDPA BTS Application Firmware¸FS-K741300.7156.02¸FS-K72 required3GPP TD-SCDMA BTS Application Firmware¸FS-K761300.7291.023GPP TD-SCDMA UE Application Firmware¸FS-K771300.8100.02CDMA2000® (IS-95) 1xEV-DV BTS FDD Application Firmware¸FS-K821157.2316.02CDMA2000® 1xEV-DV MS Application Firmware¸FS-K831157.2416.02CDMA2000® 1xEV-DO BTS Application Firmware¸FS-K841157.2851.02CDMA2000®-1xEV-DO MS Application Firmware¸FS-K851300.6689.02WLAN 802.11a TX Measurements Application Firmware¸FSP-K901300.6650.02The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Rohde&Schwarz is under license.CDMA2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA -USA).Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSP11Europe:Tel:+491805124242,e-mail:*********************************.com·USA:Tel.+1410-910-7988,e-mail:*********************************.comAsia:Tel.+6568463710,e-mail:***********************************.com¸i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f R o h d e &S c h w a r z G m b H &C o . K G · T r a d e n a m e s a r e t r a d e m a r k s o f t h e o w n e r s · P r i n t e d i n G e r m a n y (B i a s )P D 0758.1206.22 · S p e c t r u m A n a l y z e r ¸F S P · V e r s i o n 05.00 · O c t o b e r 2004 · D a t a w i t h o u t t o l e r a n c e l i m i t s i s n o t b i n d i n g · S u b j e c t t o c h a n g eCertified Quality System ISO 9001Certified Environmental SystemISO 14001Product brochure see PD 0758.1206.12 and at (search term: FSP)Recommended extrasDesignationTypeOrder No.Headphones 0708.9010.00US Keyboard with Trackball ¸PSP-Z21091.4100.02PS/2 Mouse¸FSE-Z21084.7043.02DC Block,10kHz to 18GHz (type N)¸FSE-Z41084.7443.02Colour Monitor, 15", 230 V ¸PMC31082.6004.02IEC/IEEE Bus Cable, 1 m ¸PCK 0292.2013.10IEC/IEEE Bus Cable, 2 m ¸PCK 0292.2013.2019" Rack Adapter (not for ¸FSP-B1)¸ZZA4781096.3248.00Soft Carrying Case, grey¸ZZT4731109.5048.00Printed operating manual (German)–1093.4820.11Printed operating manual (English)–1093.4820.12Printed service manual (German)–1093.4820.81Printed service manual (English)–1093.4820.82Matching Pads, 75 ΩL Section¸RAM 0358.5414.02Series Resistor, 25 Ω1)1)Taken into account in device function RF INPUT 75 Ω.¸RAZ 0358.5714.02SWR Bridge, 5 MHz to 3 GHz ¸ZRB2 0373.9017.52SWR Bridge, 40 kHz to 4 GHz ¸ZRC 1039.9492.52High-Power Attenuators, 100 W 3/6/10/20/30 dB¸RBU1001073.8495.XX (XX=03/06/10/20/30)High-Power Attenuators, 50 W 3/6/10/20/30 dB ¸RBU501073.8695.XX (XX=03/06/10/20/30)For ¸FSP30Test Port Adapter, 3.5 mm male –1021.0529.00Test Port Adapter, N male–1021.0541.00Microwave Measurement Cable and Adapter Set ¸FS-Z151046.2002.02For ¸FSP40Test Port Adapter K male –1036.4802.00Test Port Adapter N male –1036.4783.00Test Port Adapter 2.4 mm female¸FSE-Z51088.1627.02Related data sheetsTitleOrder No.TV Trigger/RF Power Trigger ¸FSP-B6PD 0757.6433Noise Measurement Software ¸FS-K3 for Spectrum Analyzers ¸FSE, ¸FSIQ and ¸FSP PD 0757.2380Phase Noise Measurement Software ¸FSE-K4PD 0757.6727GSM/EDGE Application Firmware ¸FS-K5 for ¸FSP PD 0757.6185FM Measurement Demodulator ¸FS-K7 PD 0757.6685Bluetooth Application Firmware ¸FS-K8PD 0757.7730Application Firmware for Noise Figure and Amplifier Measure-ments R&S®FS-K30PD 0758.0839.32WCDMA 3GPP Application Firmware ¸FS-K72/-K73/-K74 PD 0757.7246TD-SCDMA Test Application Firmware ¸FS-K76/-K77 PD 0758.0880.32CDMA2000® Base Station Test Application Firmware 1xEV-DO Base Station Test Application Firmware ¸FS-K82/-K84PD 0758.1712.32Mobile Station Test Application Firmware ¸FS-K83/¸FS-K85PD 0758.1729.32WLAN Application Firmwar e ¸FSQ-K91/ ¸FSP-K90PD 0758.1435.12。
icpms
蠕动泵
交叉雾化器
双通雾室
同心雾化器+ 旋流雾室
Babington型雾化器
超声雾化器
2.2 仪器基本结构及组成
——等离子体源（ICP） （1）等离子炬管——外管（冷却气、等离子气）、中间管（辅助气）、样品注入管（载气） （2）射频发生器——自激式（27.12MHz、40.68MHz）和晶控式（他激式）
光谱响应解读
太阳能电池的光谱灵敏度是短路光谱电流密度与光谱福照度的比值光谱响应(1)指光阴极量子效率与入射波长之间的关系.(2)光谱响应表示不同波长的光子产生电子-空穴对的能力。
定量地说，太阳电池的光谱响应就是当某一波长的光照射在电池表面上时，每一光子平均所能收集到的载流子数。
太阳电池的光谱响应又分为绝对光谱响应和相对光谱响应。
各种波长的单位辐射光能或对应的光子入射到太阳电池上，将产生不同的短路电流，按波长的分布求得其对应的短路电流变化曲线称为太阳电池的绝对光谱响应。
如果每一波长以一定等量的辐射光能或等光子数入射到太阳电池上，所产生的短路电流与其中最大短路电流比较，按波长的分布求得其比值变化曲线，这就是该太阳电池的相对光谱响应。
但是，无论是绝对还是相对光谱响应，光谱响应曲线峰值越高，越平坦，对应电池的短路电流密度就越大，效率也越高。
(3)太阳电池并不能把任何一种光都同样地转换成电。
例如：通常红光转变为电的比例与蓝光转变为电的比例是不同的。
由于光的颜色（波长）不同，转变为电的比例也不同，这种特性称为光谱响应特性。
光谱响应特性的测量是用一定强度的单色光照射太阳电池，测量此时电池的短路电流，然后依次改变单色光的波长，再重复测量以得到在各个波长下的短路电流，即反映了电池的光谱响应特性。
(4)光谱响应特性与太阳电池的应用：从太阳电池的应用角度来说，太阳电池的光谱响应特性与光源的辐射光谱特性相匹配是非常重要的，这样可以更充分地利用光能和提高太阳电池的光电转换效率。
例如，有的电池在太阳光照射下能确定转换效率，但在荧光灯这样的室内光源下就无法得到有效的光电转换。
不同的太阳电池与不同的光源的匹配程度是不一样的。
而光强和光谱的不同，会引起太阳能电池输出的变动。
[1]什么是光谱响应悬赏分：0 | 解决时间：2010-11-4 00:08 | 提问者：匿名什么是光谱响应最佳答案光谱响应指光阴极量子效率与入射波长之间的关系光谱响应表示不同波长的光子产生电子-空穴对的能力。
光伏测试方案
测试，或光电转化效率IPCE (Monochromatic Incident Photon-to-Electron Conversion Efficiency) 测试等，测量不同波长光照条件下的光电转换特性，对提高太阳能电池的生产工艺水平（例如制绒、扩散、背场等工艺）、判断硅片材料质量以及研究电池片的性能有重要的参考价值。
（500W）和卤素灯（400W），光源之间自动切换；2）分光系统；3）样品室；4）数据采集等部分构成。
可测量波长范围300nm-1200nm。
红外热成像仪：测试太阳能电池在反向偏压情况下的发热情况，以判明电池漏电的位置，检查电池的性能和失效分析。
红外热像仪：所有温度在绝对零度（约-273℃）以上的物体，都会因自身的分子运动而辐射红外线。
红外热像仪将这些人眼无法看到的红外辐射能量转换为电信号，并以各种不同的颜色来显示出不同温度的分布，从而使整个温度场的状态以可视图像显示出来。
通过图像，可以迅速便捷的检测整个温度面，并识别高低温度点，从而可以进行温度的定性与定量分性，如有温度异常则预示着可能有故障的产生，使检测工作精准简单快捷。
环境试验机太阳能电池组件设计使用寿命有20～30年，为确保所生产的组件能在自然环境下工作这么长时间，需要模拟各种自然环境，如温度变化，湿度变化，及各种恶劣环境以确认太阳能电池能
可程式恒温恒湿试验机：采用原装进口触摸屏温湿度控制器，操作简单；可显示故障原因，排除容易；特殊送风循环设计，温湿度分布均匀性佳；可提供温度、温湿度、及超低温多重试验；周全之系统安全保护及停电记忆；采用导电膜观测窗口，防止凝露结霜；具备时序接点，可配合BIAS及量测试验。
满足相关国家标准和国际标准。
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CROWNTECH, INC.
QTestTM Station Series--SOLAR CELLS IPCE TEST SYSTEM
QTestTM Station Series
For Photovoltaic Device Spectral Response / Quantum Efficiency / IPCE Testing
The Leader in the Market: Performance, Versatility, Price!
CROWNTECH, INC. (USA), CHINA OFFICE Tel: (86) 10-68910917, 10-82782352, 10-82781750 · Fax: (86) 10-82783996 · E-mail: crowntech@ Page 1 of 3
太阳能电池（光电材料）光谱响应测试系统
SOLAR CELLS IPCE TEST SYSTEM
设备名称：太阳电池（光电材料）光谱响应测试系统 型 号：QTEST STATION 2000AD
制造厂家：CROWNTECH, INC.
QTEST STATION 2000AD 型太 阳能电池光谱响应测试系统由光源， 单 色仪， 光学斩波器及锁相放大系统等组 成，系统动作由计算机控制完成，测试 过程自动化， 最终完成数据采集、 显示、 分析等工作。
光源通过单色仪产生单色光， 照射 到样品上， 然后由锁相放大系统等数据 采集模块完成数据采集并输入计算机 中，再由计算机完成后续数据分析、计 算、显示并保存。
研究人员可以通过该 QTEST STATION 2000AD 型太阳能电 池（光电材料）光谱响应测试系统测试太阳能电池和各种光电材料 在不同波长光照条件下的光电特性、太阳能电池的光谱响应、入射 单色光子-电子转化效率 IPCE (Incident Photon to Charge Carrier Efficiency） 、量子效率 (Quantum Efficiency，含内、外量子效率)， 以及光生电流、光电压等光电参数；可以同时满足直流/交流 （DC/AC）模式测试；光电参数可以单个波长测试，也可以全波段 扫描测试，波长扫描最小间隔可选，并能自动采集、校正、储存和 处理数据。
基本工作原理：
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该系统通过对光源产生的光经斩波器和单色 仪进行滤波，以产生不同波长的单色光源，经被检 测太阳电池材料或器件后，产生电子信号，然后通 过锁相放大器放大，获得材料或者器件的不同波长 的光－电转换效率(光谱响应)。
主要功能及应用：
QTEST STATION 2000AD 型光谱响应测试系统可以测试量子效率（光谱响应）和光电转换效率， 适用于各种太阳能电池、探测器和光电材料等光谱响应测试。
主要技术参数：
测试光谱范围：300 - 2500nm 最优波长分辨率：0.06nm (subtractive) 波长精度：0.01nm (subtractive) 波长准确度：± 0.2nm (subtractive) 光谱带宽：0.1 - 5nm 杂散光：< 10-9 扫描速率：> 1 to 1200nm/minute (with 1200 g/mm grating) 电动狭缝：Unilateral, computer controlled, Width - 10μm to 3000μm Height - 2mm to 20mm 控制软件：附带软件，完全计算机控制 通信接口：标准为 RS232 光谱仪谱宽可调谐范围：0.06nm - 20nm（可调）
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CROWNTECH, INC. (USA), CHINA OFFICE Tel: (86) 10-68910917, 10-82782352, 10-82781750 · Fax: (86) 10-82783996 · E-mail: crowntech@ Page 3 of 3
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