A graphite foam reinforced by graphite particles

合集下载

土木工程材料英汉词典

AAbram's rule 阿勃拉姆规则Abrasion 磨耗Accelerated strength testing 快速强度试验Acid resistance 耐酸性Adiabatic temperature rise 绝热升温Admixture 外加剂Aggregate 集料（混凝土）Air entrainment 引气（加气）Autoclave 高压釜Accelerated curing 快速养护Absorbed water 吸附水Added water 附加水Aggregate bulk density 集料松散容重Auti-corrosion Admixture 防锈剂Anisotropic materials 各向异性材料Air-entrained concrete 引气混凝土Air Entrain Admixture 引气剂Aggregate porosity 集料孔隙率Artificial marble 人造大理石Alite 阿利特Alkali-aggregate reaction 碱－集料反应Alkalies in Portland cement 波特兰水泥中的碱Alkali-silica reaction 碱－二氧化硅反应Anhydrite 无水石膏（硬石膏）Autoclave expansion test 高压釜膨胀试验Air-entrained concrete 加气混凝土Adhesion agent 粘着剂Accelerating agent 速凝剂All mesh ferrocement 无筋钢丝网水泥Allyl-Butadiene-Styrene 丙烯氰－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚树脂（ABS）Air pockets 鼓泡Axial tensive property 轴心受拉性能Axial compressive property 轴心受压性能Air impermeability 气密性Abnormal Polypropylene 无规聚丙烯（APP）Asbestos fibres 石棉纤维Asbestos insulation 石棉绝热制品Autoclave expansion test 压蒸法Artificial 人造石Air entraining and water-reducing admixture 引气减水剂Active addition 活性混合材Addition of cement 水泥混合材Aluminoferic cement clinker 铁铝酸盐水泥熟料Age 龄期，时期Aluminum silicate wool 硅酸铝棉Aluminum foil 铝箔Air space insulation 封闭空气间层Areal thermal resistance（specific thermal resistance）比热阻（热导率的倒数）Absorptivity 吸收率Air permeability（Air penetration coefficient）空气渗透率BBrick 绝热砖Bond strength 粘结强度Bleeding 泌水Bitumen-determination of penetration 沥青针入度测定法Battery-mold process 成组立模工艺Bar spacing 加筋间距Binder bonding agent 粘合剂Bitumastic paint 沥青涂料Bituminous road materials 沥青筑路材料Blowing agent 发泡剂Bar between mesh 加筋Ball impact test （冲击强度）落球试验法Basic constituent 碱性组分基本成分Basicity 碱度，碱性Barytes 重晶石Batchhing 称量（配料）Belite 贝利特Biaxial behavior 双轴向性质Blaine fineness 勃来恩，细度Blast-furnace slag 高炉矿渣Blast-furnace slag cements 高炉矿渣水泥Blended portland cements 掺混合料的波特兰水泥Bogue equations 鲍格方程式Bond 粘结Brucite 氢氧镁石（水镁石）Bulking of sand 砂的湿胀Bull-float 刮尺Board（block）insulation 绝热板Batch mixture 配合料Bend stress 弯曲应力Bituminous paint 沥青涂料Bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土Block brick 大型砌块Blunger 搅拌器，打浆机Brick setting 砖砌体(brickwork)Brittle point of asphalt 沥青冷脆点Broken stone 碎石Bubbing potential 发泡能力Building brick 建筑红砖Building system 建筑体系，建筑系统Brittle material 脆性材料CCalcium aluminate cement 铝酸钙水泥Calcium aluminates 铝酸钙Calcium chloride 氯化钙Calcium ferroaluminates 铁铅酸钙Calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钙Calcium oxide 氧化钙Calcium silicate hydrate 水化硅酸钙Calcium silicate 硅酸钙Calcium sulfates 硫酸钙Calcium sulfoaluminate 硫铅酸钙Calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates 水化硫铝酸钙Capillary voids（pores）in cement 水泥中的毛细管Capillary water 毛细管水Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cavitation 混凝土中的大孔洞，空蚀作用Cement fineness 水泥细度Cement paste 水泥浆Cement soundness 水泥安定性Cement specifications 水泥规范Cement strength 水泥强度Cement types 水泥品种Ceramsite 陶粒Chalcedony 玉髓Chemically combined water 化学结合水Chert 燧石（黑硅石）Chloride 氯化物Cold rolled steel 冷轧钢Cellular concrete 多孔混凝土Complex accelerator based on triethanolamine 三乙醇胺复合早强剂Component 组分，成分，构件Compliance 柔度Composite 复合，合成，复合材料Composite insulation 复合绝热层Composite portland cement 复合硅酸盐水泥Concrete 混凝土Condensed silica fume 浓缩（凝聚）的二氧化硅烟雾（硅粉）Consistency 绸度Core tests 钻芯试验Corrosion of steel in concrete 混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀Cost of concrete 混凝土成本Cracking 开裂Creep 徐变Critical aggregate size 临界集料尺寸C-S-H 水化硅酸钙Coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数Conductivity 导热性Coefficient of shrinkage 收缩系数Coefficient of permeability of concreteChloroprene Rubber 氯丁橡胶（CR）Chord modulus 弦弹性模量Clinker 熟料Coarse aggregate 粗集料Cold-weather concreting 冷天浇筑混凝土Compacting factor test 捣实系数试验Compaction（consolidation）捣实（捣固）Compressive strength 抗压强度Computer control system 计算机控制系统Concrete batching plant 混凝土搅拌站Concrete composition 混凝土配合比Concrete products 混凝土制品Concrete pump 混凝土输送泵Coefficient of permeability of concrete 混凝土渗透系数Carbonated lime sand brick 碳化灰砂砖Carbonating 碳化处理Cement resistance to chemical 水泥抗化学侵蚀性Cube size 立方体试件尺寸Characteristic strength 特征强度Coarse aggregate ratio to fine 粗集料玉细集料之比Carbonated shrinkage 碳化收缩Calcium silicate insulation 硅酸钙绝热制品Cellular（foamed）glass 泡沫玻璃（多孔玻璃）Composite insulation 复合绝热层混凝土收缩系数Cement mortar 水泥胶砂Crescent ribbed bars 月牙肋钢筋Concrete block 混凝土砌块Cold-drawn reinforcement bar 冷拉钢筋Cold rolled steel 冷轧钢Condensation polymerization 缩聚反应Critical degree of saturation 临界饱和度Critical stress 临界压力Cryogenic behavior 低温性质Crystallization pressure of salts 盐的结晶压力Crystal structure and reactivity 结晶结构和活性Curing 养护Civil Engineering 土木工程Cement 水泥Crack 裂缝Calcium silicate insulation 硅酸钙绝热制品Cement mortar 水泥砂浆Cork 软木Cork insulation 软木绝热制品Cellular（foamed）plastics 泡沫塑料（多孔塑料）Cellular（foamed）polystyrene 聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料Cellular（foamed）polyurethane 聚氨脂泡沫塑料Calcium-resin insulating board 钙塑绝热板Cellular（foamed）rubber 泡沫橡胶DDarby 刮尺D-cracking D行裂缝Deicing salts action 除冰盐作用Diatomaceous earth 硅藻土质泥土Dicalcium silicate（C2S）硅酸二钙Dynamic modulus of elasticity 动弹性模量Dolomite 白云石Decoration mortar 装饰砂浆Deformed bar 变形钢筋，螺纹钢Defoamer 消泡剂Dense concrete 密实混凝土Diatomaceous silicate 硅藻土(Kieselguhr，diatomite)Diatomite insulation 硅藻土绝热制品Drying shrinkage 干燥收缩（干缩）Ductility 延性Durability 耐久性Durability factor 耐久性因素Decoration glass 装饰玻璃Density 密度Deformation 变形钢筋Degree of hardness 硬度Degree of humidity 湿度EEarly-age behavior 早期性质Ecological benefit 生态效应Effective absorption 有效吸收Efflorescence 白霜Elastic modulus 弹性模量Electron micrographs 电子显微图Energy requirement 能量需要Entrained air 引入的空气Extensibility 可伸长性Emerging wire 露丝Emerging mesh 露网Expanded perlite 膨胀珍珠岩Epoxy Resin 环氧树脂Erosion 冲刷风化、剥蚀Ettringite 钙矾石Expanded clay and shale 膨胀粘土和页岩Expanded slag aggregate 膨胀矿渣集料Expansive cement concrete 膨胀水泥混凝土Expansive cement 膨胀水泥Expansive phenomena in concrete 混凝土中的膨胀现象Expanded vermiculite 膨胀蛭石Expanded rermiculite insulation 膨胀蛭石制品Expanded plastics 多孔塑料Engineering plastics 工程塑料FFabriform 土工模袋False set 假凝Feldspar 长石Fiber-reinforced concrete 纤维增强混凝土Final set 终凝Fine aggregate 细集料Fineness modulus 细度模量Flowing concrete 流动混凝土Fly ash 粉煤灰Foamed slag 泡沫矿渣Formwork removal 拆模Ferromanganese 锰钢Flow of cement mortar 水泥胶砂流动度Fiber reinforced plastics 纤维增强塑料Fiber-glass reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维增强塑料Facebrick 饰面砖，面砖Facing tile 外墙面砖Flint 燧石Floating 刮平Fracture toughness 断裂韧性Free calcium oxide 游离氧化钙Freeze-thaw resistance 抗冻融性Fresh concrete 新拌混凝土Facing 面层Fiber insulation 纤维绝热材料Flexible insulation 柔性绝热制品Frost action on aggregate 骨料受到冰冻作用Frost action on cement paste 水泥浆受到冰冻作用Future of concrete 混凝土的前景Fire resistance 耐火性Ferrocement 钢丝网水泥Ferrocement with skeletal bar 加筋钢丝网水泥Flexural property 受弯性能Fatigue resistance 耐疲劳性Faience mosaic 嵌花地砖，釉陶锦砖Fiber cement 纤维水泥Figured glass 压花玻璃Fine sand 细砂Fineness of cement 水泥细度Finishing 抹面（修整）Flash set 闪凝（瞬间凝结）Flexural strength 弯曲强度Forst resistance 抗冻性Fineness modulus 细度模数（M）Flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度（B）Foamed concrete 泡沫混凝土Fiber board 纤维板Frost action on concrete 混凝土受到冰冻作用GGamma rays γ-射线Gel pores 凝胶孔Gel/space ratio 凝胶/空隙比（对强度的影响）(Effect on strength）Geonet 土工网Geotextile 土工格栅Geotextile 木织物Glass geogrid 土工复合排水材Geomat 土工垫Gradation 级配Gypsum 石膏Granulated wood 粒状棉Glass geogrid 玻纤网Glassfiber Reinforced Plastics 玻璃纤维增强塑料Glass wool 玻璃棉Granular（powder）insulation 颗粒绝热材料Gap-graded aggregate 间断级配材料Gas concrete 加气混凝土Glass 玻璃体Giving a basic reaction 发生碱性反应Giving an acid reaction 发生酸性反应Grading 颗粒级配Grain-size refinement 级配曲线Gravel 砾石、卵石Graywacke 杂砂岩Grout 薄浆（灌浆）Granite 花岗岩Graph 图表、图解Green concrete 新拌混凝土Gritly 粗砂状的Ground slag 矿渣粉Gypsum wall board 石膏墙板Gypsum concrete 石膏混凝土HHardening 硬化Hcp 水化水泥浆的简写Heat of hydration 水化热Heavyweight aggregate 重集料Heavyweight concrete 重混凝土Hydration of portland cement 波特兰水泥的水化Hydration reaction of aluminates 铝酸盐的水化Hydration reaction of silicates 硅酸盐的水Hemihydrate 半水化物High-alumina cement 高铝水泥High-early strength cement 高早强水泥High-strength concrete 高强混凝土High-workability concrete 高工作性混凝土Hot-weather concreting 热天浇筑混凝土Hydrophilic and hydrophobic 亲水与憎水Hydrated（portland）cement paste 已水化的水泥浆化反应Hydraulic cement 水硬性水泥Hydraulic pressure 水压力Honeycomb 蜂窝Heat transfer rate 热流量Homogeneous materials 均质材料High-tensile reinforcing steel 高强度钢筋High-tensile wire 高强钢丝High carbon steel 高碳钢High strength concrete 高强混凝土High performance concrete 高性能混凝土IIgneous rocks for aggregate 作为集料的岩浆岩Impact strength 冲击强度Impregnation with polymers 用聚合物浸渍Initial set 初凝Initial tangent modulus 初始正切模量Interlayer space in C-S-H C-S-H中的层间空间Interlayer water in C-S-H C-S-H中的层间水Iron blast-furnace slag 化铁高炉渣Iron ores aggregate（heavyweight）铁矿石（重集料）Isotropic materials 各向同性材料Iron wire 低碳钢丝Impact ductility 冲击韧性Impact strength 抗冲击强度Impermeability 抗渗性，不渗透性Impermeability to water 抗渗水性，不透水性Impregnate 浸渍，渗透Index of quality 品质指标，质量控制标准Inhomogeneous 不均匀的，多相的Initial shrinkage 早期收缩Initial strength 早期强度Insulating layer 隔热层Intarsia 玻璃锦砖Impact resistance 抗冲击性JJet set cement 喷射水泥Jolting table 振动台Job mix 现场配合Jaw crusher 颚式破碎机"Jian-1" water reducer "建-1"型减水剂KKilled steel 镇静钢Kiln dust 窑灰，飞灰Kiln building 窑房Kiln plant 窑设备Kilogram calorie 千卡，大卡Knot 木节Kominuter 球磨LLow PH value cement 低碱水泥Laitance 浆皮Leaching of cement paste 水泥浆渗漏Lime cement 石灰水泥Limestone 石灰石Lightweight aggregates 轻集料Lightweight concrete 轻混凝土Lignosulfonate 木质磺酸盐Low heat Portland cement 低热波特兰水泥Laboratory 实验室Lean concrete 贫混凝土Loss of slump of concrete 混凝土的坍落度损失Le chatelier soundness test 雷氏夹法Loss on ignition 烧失量Light weight ferrocement 轻质钢丝网水泥Longitudinal bar 纵筋Longitudinal bar spacing 纵筋间距Loose fill insulation 松散填充绝热层Low alloy steel 低合金钢Low caron colddrawn steel 冷拔低碳钢丝Longitudinal rib 纵肋Lumber grading 木材等级MMacrostructure 宏观结构Magnesium oxide 氧化镁Magnesiun salts solution effect on concrete 镁盐溶液对混凝土的影响Map cracking 地图形裂纹Marcasite 白铁矿Mass concrete 大体积混凝土Maturity concept 成熟度概念Maturity meters 成熟度测定仪Microcracking 微裂缝Microsilica 微细二氧化硅（硅粉）Minimum crack spacing 最小裂缝间距Microcrack 微裂Modulus of deformation 变形模量（EB）Mineral wool insulation 矿棉绝热制品Mineral fibres 矿棉纤维Masonry cement 砌筑水泥Mild steel 低碳钢Medium carbon steel 中碳钢Moisture content of wood 木材含水量Moisture 湿度水分Moisture condition 含水状态Mocromolecule high polymer 高分子Microstructure 微观结构Mixing of concrete 矿物外加剂Mixing water 拌合用水Mix proportioning（designing）配合比（设计）Mix proportions 配合比Mumicipal-waste aggregate 城市废物集料Moisture absorption 吸湿率（water vapour absorption）Moisture content of aggregate 骨料含水量Matrix 基材Mesh-bar placement and tying 铺网扎筋Manual plastering 手工抹浆Maximum size of sand 砂的最大粒径Mortar consistency 砂浆绸度Mortar strength 砂浆强度Maximum crack width 最大裂缝宽度Mix proportion by absolute volume 绝对体积配合比（设计）Mix proportion by loose volume 现场松散体积配合比（设计）Mixed-in-place 现场拌和Mix proportion by weight 重量配合比Mixed process 混合过程Mixing time 拌和时间Mixing water 拌和水Modility 流动性Membreane curing 薄膜养护Map cracking 龟裂Mastic 玛脂Modulus of elasticity concrete 混凝土弹性模量Modulus of water-glass 水玻璃模数Masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆Maximum aggregate size 最大集料粒径Modified portland cement 改性的波特兰水泥Modulus of elasticity 弹性模量Modulus of rupture 挠折模量（破裂模量）Monosulfate hydrate 单硫酸盐水化物Mortar 砂浆Multiaxial strength 多轴向强度Marber 大理岩Moderate heat portland cement 中热硅酸盐水泥Moderate heat of hydration 中热Moderate sulfate resistance 中抗硫酸盐Magnitude of self-stress 自应力NNDT 非破损试验的缩写Neutron radiation 中子辐射Neoprene 氯丁橡胶NNO water reducer NNO型减水剂Non-hydranlic cement 气硬性水泥Non-destructive tests 非破损试验Nuclear shielding concrete 核屏蔽混凝土Normal distribution 正太分布Non-evaporable water 非蒸发水Nominal diameter 公称直径Normal consistency of cement paste 水泥净浆标准绸度Neat cement paste 水泥净浆Needle crystal 针状晶体Needle penetrometer 维卡仪OOscillating screen 振动筛Oscillation generator 振动器Oscillator 振动器Oil-well platform concrete 油井平台混凝土Opal 蛋白石Overlays of concrete 混凝土覆盖层Oriented water 定向的水Osmotic pressure 渗透压力Oven-dry aggregate 炉干骨料Overall thermal conductance 总导热系数Organosilicon 有机硅Organosilicon resin 有机硅树脂Oscillate 振动，振荡Ordinary low-alloy steel 普通低合金钢Ordinary oil well cement 普通油井水泥Ordinary portland cement 普通硅酸盐水泥PParticle size 颗粒尺寸Penetration resistance 抗贯入性Periclase 方镁石Perlite 珍珠岩Permeability 渗透性Phosphate 磷酸盐Phenolic Formaldehyde 酚醛树脂（PF）Placing of concrete 混凝土的浇筑Plaster of paris 建筑石膏Polypropylene 聚丙烯（PP）Prestressed steel 预应力钢筋Pumped concrete 泵送混凝土Pumice concrete concrete block 浮石混凝土砌块Plastics 塑料Polythene 聚乙烯（PE）Polyvinyl Alcohol 聚乙烯醇（PVA）Polyvinyl Acetate 聚醋酸乙烯（PVAC）Polyvinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯（PVC）Polyvinyl Formal 聚乙烯醇缩甲醛（PVFO）Polystyrene 聚苯乙烯（PS）Polystyrene-plywood laminate 聚苯乙烯胶合木板Polyester plastics 聚酯塑料Plastic veneer 塑料贴面板Plastic-steel window 塑钢窗Polyester 聚酯Polyester Resin 聚酯树脂（PR）Plastic shrinkage 塑性收缩Poisson's ratio 泊松比Polymer concrete 聚合物混凝土（PC）Polymer-impregnated concrete 聚合物浸渍混凝土（PIC）Polymer-cement concrete 聚合物水泥混凝土（PCC）Polymethylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）Pore-size distrbution 孔径分布Pore-size refinement 孔径尺寸修整Prestressded ferrocement 预应力钢丝网水泥Plain round bar 光圆钢筋Porosity 孔隙率Portland cement 波特兰水泥Portland blast-furnace slag cement 高炉矿渣波特兰水泥Portlandite 氢氧钙石Portland pozzolan cement 火山灰质波特兰水泥Potential compound composition 潜在化合物成分Pyrite pyrrhotite 硫化铁，黄铁矿Particle size distribution 粒度分布Pat test 试饼法PH-value PH值Pozzolan 火山灰Pozzolanic reaction 火山灰质反应Preplaced aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土Proportioning 配合Pulverized fuel ash 磨细粉煤灰Pull-out test 拔出试验Pumice 浮石QQuality assurance 质量保证Quick set 快凝Quality 质量Quality control 质量控制Quartz glass 石英玻璃Quartz glass fiber 石英玻璃纤维Quartz sand 石英砂Quick lime 生石灰[CaO]Quartz 石英Quatzite 石英岩Quick-taking cement 快凝水泥Quick hardening 水硬性水泥Quench 水淬，骤冷RRadiation shielding concrete 辐射屏蔽混凝土Rapid setting and hardening cement 快凝与快硬水泥Revibration 重新振捣Rice husk ash 谷糠灰Ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土Recycled-concrete aggregate 再生混凝土集料Resistance to chemical attack of mortar 砂浆耐蚀性Rock wool 岩石棉Rigid insulation 刚性绝热制品Rib height 肋高Rib spacing 肋间距Ribbed bars 带肋钢筋Rich concrete 富混凝土Residue on sieve 筋余Regulated-set cement 调凝水泥Retarding admixtures 缓凝外加剂Retempering 重新调拌Roller-compacted concrete 滚筒-压实混凝土Reinforced plastics 加筋塑料Reinforcement mat 钢筋网Raw limestone 石灰石Raw gypsum 二水石膏SSalt crystallization pressure 盐的结晶压力Sand 砂Sandstone 砂岩Saturated surface dry condition 饱和面干条件Scaling 起皮，鳞片状剥落Schmidt rebound hammer 希密特回弹仪Screeding 抹平Seawater 海水Secant elastic modulus 正割弹性模量Sedimentary rocks for aggregate 作为集料的沉积岩Segregation 离析Self-stressing cement 自应力水泥Setting of cement paste 水泥浆的凝结Special hydraulic cement 特种水硬性水泥Specifications 规范Specific heat 比热Specific surface area 比表面积Sphericity 圆度Splitting tension strength 劈裂抗拉强度Standard specifications 标准规范Standard test method 标准试验方法Stiffening of cement paste 水泥浆的变硬Strain 应变Strength 强度Setting of concrete 混凝土的凝结Shear-bond failure 剪切粘结破坏Shear strength 剪切强度Shotcreting 喷射混凝土浇筑Shrinkage 收缩Shrinkage-compensating concrete 收缩补偿混凝土Sieve analysis of aggregate 集料的筛分析Silica fume 硅粉Slag 矿渣Slip-formed concrete 滑模混凝土Slump cone test 坍落度锥体试验Slump loss in concrete 混凝土中坍落度损失Solid/space ratio 固体∕空隙比Solid-state hydration 固态水化Soundness 安定性Spacing-factors of entrained air 引入空气Self-stressing cement mortar 自应力水泥砂浆Shear steel 剪切钢筋Saturation capacity 饱和含水量Saturation point 饱和点Stearic acid 硬脂酸Surface-active agents 表面活性剂Synthetic resin binder 树脂粘结剂Synthetic lightweight aggregate 人造轻集料Shotereting process 喷浆工艺Scaling 麻面Surface dusting 表面起砂Sandwich 夹层Shrinkage crack 收缩裂缝Stressed crack 受力裂缝Special steel 特种钢Sawdust concrete 锯屑混凝土Softening point test 软化点试验Solidification 凝固作用Stress 应力Stress intensity factor 应力强度因素Stress-strain curve 应力－应变曲线Surface moisture 表面水Splitting strength 劈裂强度Splitting failure 劈裂破坏Standard error 标准误差Stand sieve 标准筛Static modulus 静弹性模量Steam curing 蒸汽养护Strength grading 强度级别Strength of cube 立方体强度Strength at 28 days 28天强度Stress concentration 应力集中Styrene Butadiene Rubber 丁苯橡胶（SBR）Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene 苯－丁－苯乙烯Sulphoaluminate cement clinker 硫铝酸盐熟料Surface energy 表面能Surface hardness 表面强度Surface tension 表面张力Sand-lime brick 灰砂砖Saturated aggregate 饱和水集料Superplasticized admixture 超塑化外加剂Surface area 表面积Strength of aggregate 集料强度Strength of cylinders 圆柱体强度的间距因素Structural lightweight concrete 结构轻混凝土Structure（microstructure）of concrete 混凝土的（微观）结构Structures（concrete）in photographs 混凝土结构照片Sulfate attack 硫酸盐侵蚀Sulfate resisting cement 抗硫酸盐水泥Sulfates in portland cement 波特兰水泥中的硫酸盐Sulfides and sulfate aggregate 硫化物与硫酸盐集料Standard sand 标准砂Strength of cement mortar 水泥胶砂强度Strength grade of cement 水泥强度等级Spiral reinforcement 螺纹钢筋Stirrup 箍筋Struture lightweight concrete 结构用轻混凝土Specimen 试件Self-stressing concrete 自应力混凝土Sand grading 砂的级配Sand grading curve 砂的级配曲线Sand grading standard region 砂的级配标准区Self-stressing ferrocement 自应力钢丝网水泥Supersulphated cement 石膏矿渣水泥Setting time of concrete 混凝土的凝结时间Standard of concrete 混凝土强度Standard deviation 标准差Structure high density concrete 结构高表观密度混凝土Steel-fibre concrete 钢纤维混凝土Set retarder admixture 缓凝剂Set retarding and water-reducing admixture 缓凝减水剂Superplasticizer admixture 高效减水剂Superplasticized concrete 超塑性混凝土Setting time 凝结时间Sulphonated formaldehyde melamine 磺化甲醛三聚氰胺Saturated and surface-dry aggregate 饱和面干集料TTangent modulus of elasticity 正切弹性模量Temperature effects 温度效应Tensile strain 拉伸应变Tensile strain capacity 拉伸应变能力Tensile strength 拉伸强度（抗拉强度）Test methods 试验方法Thermal conductivity 导热性Thermal expansion coefficient 热膨胀系数Thermal shrinkage 热收缩Truckmixing 卡车搅拌Total water/cement ratio 总水灰比Trial mixes 试拌合物The particle grading 颗粒级配Tough aggregate 韧性集料Timber 木材Thermal insulation material 保温材料Test sieve 试验筛Through-solution hydration 通过溶液的水化Time of set 凝结时间Tobermorite gel 莫来石凝胶Topochemical hydration 局部水化Toughness 韧性Transition zone 过渡区Transporting concrete 混凝土输送Tricalcium aluminate 铝酸三钙Tricalcium silicate 硅酸三钙Triethanolamine 三乙醇胺Testing of material 材料试验Testing sieve shaker 试验用振动筛分机Test load 试验负荷Test method 试验仪表Test report 试验报告Test result 试验结果Tetracalcium aluminate hydrate 水化铝酸四钙Texture of wood 木材纹理Theories of cement setting and hardening 水泥凝结硬化理论Thermal contraction 热收缩Thermal diffusivity 热扩散性Thermosetting plastics 热固性塑料Technical manual 技术规范Test method of ferrocement panels in flexure 钢丝网水泥板受弯试验方法Transverse barspacing 横筋间距Thermo plastics 热塑性塑料Transverse rib 横肋Transverse bar 横筋Temperature shrinkage 温度收缩Thermal insulation material 绝热材料Thermal insulation properties 保温性能Thermal insulating concrete 绝热混凝土Thermal insulating plaster（Thermal insulating mortar）绝热砂浆UUltrasonic pulse velocity 超声脉冲速度Unixial compression behavior 单轴向受压状况Ultimate creep 极限徐变Ultimate strain 极限应变Unlimited swelling gel 无限膨胀凝胶Units of measurement 计量单位Unit weight 单位重量Ultimate gation 极限伸长值Ultimate principles 基本原理Ultrasonic inspection 超声波样份Uncombined CaO 游离CaOVVander Wale force 范德华力Viscometer 粘度仪Vebe test 维勃试验Vermiculite 蛭石Very high early strength cement 超高早强水泥Vibration 振动，振捣Vicat apparatus 维卡仪Void in hydrated cement paste 水化水泥浆中的孔隙Volcanic glass 火山玻璃Vinsol resin 松香皂树脂Vapor pressure 蒸汽压力Variegated glass 大理石纹Veneer 墙面砖、饰面砖Vesicular structure 多孔结构Vicat needle 维卡仪Viscosity 粘度粘滞性Viscosity of asphalt 沥青粘滞性Voids ratio 孔隙率Vibro-moulding process 振动成型工艺Vibrating stamping process 震动模压工艺Vibrating vacuum-dewater process 振动-真空脱水工艺Vacuum insulation 真空绝热Vapour barrier，water vapour retarder 隔汽层Vibrating table 振动台Voids detection 空隙的测定V-B test（vebe test）维勃证WWater 水Water/cement ratio 水灰比Water-reducing admixture 减水剂Water tightness 水密性、不透水性Water content 用水量Water requirement 需水量Water-lightness 透水性Water-reducing retaders 缓凝减水剂White cement 白水泥Windsor probe 温莎探针Winter concreting 混凝土冬季浇筑Workability 工作性（工作度）Wetting agents 温润剂Water solubility 水溶性Water retentivity 保水性Water storage 在水中养护Water repellent 疏水的、不吸水的、憎水的Water resistance 抗水性Water vapor 水蒸汽Wearability 耐磨性Weather resistance 耐候性Workability 可加工性Wood-preserving process 木材防腐处理Work done by impact 冲击功Weighting error 称量误差Workability loss of with time 和易性随时间损失Workability of ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土和易性Workability of light-weight concrete 轻混凝土和易性Water-reducing admixture 普通减水剂Water-proofing 防水的Water-proofing admixture 防水剂Wire rope 钢绞线Workability measurement 和易性测量Wire mesh 钢丝网Welded mesh 焊接网Wood wool slab 木丝板Water content（moisture content）含水率（湿度）Water absorption 吸水率Wet screening 湿法筛分，湿筛析Wetting and drying 潮湿与干燥Workability control 和易性控制Workability definition 和易性定义Water pepellent admixture 防水剂Water requirement for normal consistency of cement paste 水泥净浆标准绸度用水量Water proofing compound 防水化合物XX-ray diffiraction analysis X射线衍射分析X-ray phase analysis X射线相分析X-rayogram X射线图式X-ray spectrometer X射线光谱仪YYield limit 屈服极限Yield point 屈服点Yield strength 屈服强度Yield stress 屈服应力Yield of steel 钢材的屈服ZZeolite 沸石Zones for sand grading 砂级配区Zeta-potential ζ－电位Zone of heating 预热带。

等静压石墨英文原版书籍

等静压石墨英文原版书籍
如果你在寻找关于等静压石墨的英文原版书籍，以下是一些可能的推荐：
1. "Graphite Electrodes for High Temperature Reactors" by H.P. Weber 这本书提供了关于等静压石墨电极在高温反应堆中的应用的详细信息。

2. "Graphite Materials for High Temperature Reactors" by L. Singheiser and M. H. Manghnani 这本书涵盖了等静压石墨材料在高温反应堆中的性能和应用。

3. "Graphite Fiber Reinforced Composites" by K. Friedrich 这本书讨论了等静压石墨纤维增强复合材料的制备、性能和应用。

4. "Graphite: Properties, Preparation, and Uses" by C.
B. Jacobs 这本书提供了关于等静压石墨的物性、制备方法和应用领域的综合介绍。

5. "Handbook of Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fullerenes" edited by H. P. Boehm 这本手册涵盖了碳材料的各个方面，包括等静压石墨的性质、制备和应用。

这些书籍将帮助你深入了解等静压石墨的相关知识，从不同角度全面了解其性能、制备方法和应用领域。

希望这些推荐对你有所帮助！。

SEPARATOR MATERIAL FOR FUEL CELL AND PROCESS FOR P

专利名称：SEPARATOR MATERIAL FOR FUEL CELL AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME发明人：INADA, Ichiro,DAITOKU,Hidenori,SUGANUMA, Etsuro申请号：EP06811652.4申请日：20061005公开号：EP1933406A1公开日：20080618专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：A fuel cell separator material which exhibits excellent electrical conductivity, high gas impermeability, high strain at break, and excellent strength, and a process of producing the same are disclosed. The fuel cell separator material includes agraphite/cured resin molded product obtained by binding spherical natural graphite particles with a thermosetting resin, the spherical natural graphite particles being prepared by spheroidizing natural flake graphite having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 µm by dry impact blending, and having an average particle diameter of 20 to 100µm, a particle density measured in water of 2 g/cm or more, and a compression recovery rate when pressurized at 50 MPa of 120% or less, and a density during compression of 1.9 g/cm. The process includes preparing spherical natural graphite particles having the above properties, mixing the spherical natural graphite particles and a thermosetting resin so that the weight ratio of the graphite particles and the solid content of the resin is 90:10 to 65:35, drying and grinding the mixture to prepare a molding powder, filling a mold provided with protrusions for forming gas passages with the molding powder, and thermocompression-molding the molding powder at a temperature of 120°C or moreand a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa.申请人：Tokai Carbon Company, Ltd.地址：2-3 Kita-Aoyama 1-chome Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-8636 JP 国籍：JP代理机构：Müller-Wolff, Thomas更多信息请下载全文后查看。

垫片Gasket OR CS IR 304的英文描述与英文释义

垫片Gasket OR:CS IR:304的英文描述与英文释义1、垫片,CL150,SPW 304SS W/GRAPHITE FILLER OR：304 AND IR：304,RF,T=4.5mm,ASME B16.20/HG 20631中OR应该是指带外定位环，而这个材料应该是带内、外定位环的，压力等级为CL150的缠绕垫，厚度4.5mm, 垫片密封面的材料是304不锈钢+石墨，内、外定位环材质是304不锈钢，并符合ASME B16.20/HG 20631标准；2、GASKET SPW,CL150,304SS W/GRAPHITE FILLER,CR:304SS W/IR:304SS,ASME B16.20/HG20631中CR应该是centering ring对中环，即外环，而这个材料应该是带内、外定位环的，压力等级为CL150的缠绕垫，垫片密封面的材料是304不锈钢+石墨，内、外定位环材质是304不锈钢，并符合ASME B16.20/HG 20631标准；两种垫片英文描述的意思“Flat Gasket,Type RF,CL150,RFG,,HG/T 20627,1.5 mm”，“Gasket,SWG,IR & OR Type,CL150,304/FG,OR:CS,IR:304,,SH/T 3407,4.5 mm”，Flat Gasket 平垫片Gasket,SWG 缠绕垫片SWG是spiral wound gasket的缩写。

RF 密封面突面法兰所配垫片CL150 CLASS150压力等级150304/FG 304不锈钢钢带+石墨填充带OR:CS IR:304 外环材质是碳钢，内环材质304不锈钢RFG Reinforced Flexible Graphite 增强柔性石墨垫“Flat Gasket,Type RF,CL150,RFG,,HG/T 20627,1.5 mm”平垫片，密封面突面法兰所配垫片。

常用塑料英文单词

常用塑料英文单词嵌件---insert嵌件销---insert pin气胀真空成形---air assist forming空气隙---air gap空气顶出---air ejection永久伸长---permanent elongation,tension set永久变形---permanent set,permanent deformation蚀刻,侵蚀---etching应力---stress应力松弛---stress relaxation应力龟裂---stress cracking应力集中---stress concentration应力断裂,应力破坏---stress rupture应力.应变曲线---stress-strain curve应力.应变图---stress-strain diagram托板,模板---retainer plate硬度---hardness合模机构---mold clamping mechanism合模力,闭模力---locking force,clamping force开模力---mold opening force悬臂梁---cantilever beam润滑剂---lubricant模具---mold,Tools,Tooling模温度控制器---mold temperature controller模具尺寸---mold size加热管套(料筒)---heating cylinder加热板---heating plate凸轮---cam玻璃纤维---glass fiber,fibrous glass玻璃纤维强化热塑塑料---fiber glass reinforced thermoplastics,FRTP,glass fiber reinforced thermoplasitcs,GRTP玻璃纤维强化塑料---glass fiber reinforced plastics,GRP,fiber galss reinforced plastics,FRP.感光聚合物---photopolymer,photo-sensitive polymer镜面抛光---mirror polishing龟裂---cracking龟裂---crack颗粒料---granule石墨---graphite石墨纤维---graphite fiber间隙, 隙距---clearance模蕊,蕊片,蕊线,蕊孔---core成孔销,模蕊销---core pin成孔销托板---core pin plate公差,容差---tolerance冷料---cold slug冷料井,冷料窝---cold slug well回程销,覆归销---surface pin冷热骤变试验---thermal shock test热应力龟裂---thermal stress cracking,TSC 侧向浇口---side gate侧向模蕊(心型)销---side draw pin砂磨---sanding喷砂,打砂---sand blast修饰,涂饰,打光---finishing自断浇口,剪切浇口---shear gate紫外线---ultraviolet, UV紫外线稳定剂---UV stabilizer紫外线吸收剂---UV absorber压花---embossing压花机---embossing machine喷霜,起霜---blooming exudation鲨皮斑---shark skin射出压力---injection pressure射出成形---injection molding射出成形机---injection molding machine 射出成形模具---injection mold射出装置---injection unit射出速度---injection speed射出喷嘴,注料嘴---injection nozzle射出容量---machine shot capacity射出率(量)---injection rate煮沸试验---boiling test充填不足,缺料---short shot手动模具---hand mold,loose mold手动油压机---hand press缩窝,凹孔---shrinkage pool冲击试验---inpact test冲击强度---impact strength烧结法,粉铸法---sintering烧结成形法---sinter molding模板---mold plate注射,射料---shot硅橡胶---silicone rubber真空成形---vacuum forming珠光颜料---pearlescent pigment浸渍涂装---dip coating人造皮革---artificial leather废料粉碎机---scrap grinder顶出板,脱模板---stripper plate应力龟裂---stress cracking环境应力龟裂试验---environmental stress cracking test行程,冲程---stroke注道,注道料---sprue注道衬套,浇口衬套---sprue bush成形压力,模制压力---molding pressure成形温度,模制温度---molding temperature成形循环,成形周期---molding cycle成形时间,模制时间---molding time成形收缩,模压收缩---mold shrinkage, molding shrinkage窄浇口,限制形浇口---restricted gate剪切强度,抗剪强度---shear strength增亮剂---brightening agent,optical brightener,optical whitening agent 加速试验---accelerated test加速老化---accelerated ageing塑性变形---plastic deformation塑性流动---plastic fiow翘曲---warp(ing),warpage抗臭氧性---ozone resistance抗臭氧试验---ozone resistance test耐天侯性---weatherability,weather resistance耐旋光性---light resistance,light fastness天侯老化试验---weathering test耐酸性---acid resistance耐冲击性---impact resistance褪色---fading,discoloration耐蚀性---corrosion resistance拉杆,导柱---tie-bar拉杆间距---tie-bar distance多模穴模具---multi-cavity mold双色射出成形---double-shot molding超音(声)波镶嵌---ultrasonic inserting超音(声)波焊接---ultrasonic welding顶出,脱模---ejection顶出组合---ejector顶出板---ejector plate,knock-out plate顶出杆,脱模杆---knock-out bar,ejector rod无光面---dull surface低压射出成形法---low pressure injection molding硬度计---durometer电镀---electroplating,electrodeposition电铸模具---electroformed mold尼龙,(聚酰胺树脂之俗称)---nylon尼龙纤维---nylon fiber扭曲试验---torsion test扭力矩---torsion moment喷嘴,注嘴---nozzle喷嘴接触---nozzle touching喷嘴止流---nozzle shut-off支管形喷嘴---nozzle manifold脱模销,顶出销---knock-out pin脱模销托板,顶出销托板---knock-out pin plate背压---back pressure止回阀,止逆阀---back pressure valve发泡剂---blowing agent,expanding agent发泡塑料,泡沫塑料---plastics foam,expanded plastics, foamed plastics,cellular plastics,plastics sponge抛光布轮---buff,buffing wheel布轮抛光---buffing毛边,整纹,溢料---flash,fin修边,除边---deflashing,definning修边机,修毛边机---deflasher手工脱模,手工顶出---hand ejection剥离,剥皮加工---peeling剥离试验---peeling test拉出成形---pultrusion凹痕,缩痕---sink mark,shrink mark抗刮硬度,刮痕硬度---scratch hardness非破坏性试验---non-destructive testing起泡,气泡---blister疲劳试验---fatigue test疲劳寿命---fatigue life疲劳强度---fatigue strength针眼,针孔---pinhole玻璃纤维强化,热塑塑料射出成形---fiberfil molding 起泡,气泡---blister底漆,底胶,引发剂---primer溢料---flash溢料缝,毛边槽---flash groove流痕---flow mark冷却线---frost line原型模,试验模---prototype mold环境温度---ambient temperature止流阀---shut-off valve孔隙,空洞,气泡---void放电---discharge全压式模具---positive mold辅助压缸---auxiliary cylinder烫印---hot stamping,roll leaf stamping弯曲龟裂---flex cracking磨损---abrasion,wear磨耗---abrasion loss莫斯硬度---Mohs’hardness退火---annealing回火---tempering杨氏弹性系数---Young’s modulus of elasticity油压增压器---hydraulic intensifier油压机---hydraulic press油压马达---hydraulic motor焊接---welding内衬,衬套,衬垫---liner流道,流道料---runner合模销,导销---leader pin合模销套,导销衬套---leader pin bushing回程销, 覆归销---return pin冷却水通路---cooling channel常温成形,冷模压---cold molding老化试验---ageing test对位圈,定位环---locating ring熔合线,结合线---weld line肉厚---wall thickness脱模斜度---draft angle母模---cavity side顶出销,顶针---ejector pin分模线---parting line浇口,灌点---gate竖浇道---sprue浇道,流道---runner模仁,雄模,模心---core side浇口白晕---gate bush凹痕,缩痕,缩水---sink mark银线---silver line隧道形浇口---tunnel gate沉陷式浇口,潜入式浇口---submarine gate针孔形浇口---pin point gate注道形浇口,直接浇口---sprue gate毛边形浇口,薄膜形浇口---flash gate,external ring gate,internal ring gate 喷流,喷射现象---jetting剥料板---stripper plate。

保温绝缘材料中英文对照

保温绝缘材料中文名称Style Name & Discription无尘石棉Dust free Asbestos无尘石棉线CAZ-AF100 Dust free Asbestos Yarn无尘石棉方绳CAZ-AF102 Dust free Asbestos Square rope无尘石棉扭绳CAZ-AF104 Dust free Twisted Asbestos Rope无尘石棉圆绳CAZ-AF106 Dust free Asbestos Round rope无尘石棉松绳CAZ-AF108 Dust free asbestos lagging rope无尘石棉带CAZ-AF110 Dust free asbestos Tape无尘涂石墨石棉带CAZ-AF110G Graphited Dust free asbestos Tape无尘覆铝箔石棉带CAZ-AF110AL Dust free asbestos Tape with Aluminium 无尘石棉布CAZ-AF120 Dust free asbestos Cloth无尘覆铝箔石棉布CAZ-AF120AL Dust free asbestos Cloth with Aluminium 石棉保温板CAZ-AF142 Asbestos Millboard非石棉保温板CAZ-AF142N Non-asbestos Millboard石棉橡胶板CAZ-AF144 Asbestos Rubber Sheet耐油石棉橡胶板CAZ-AF144O Oil-esisting Asbestos Rubber Sheet无石棉板CAZ-AF144N Non-Asbestos Rubber Sheet有尘石棉Dusted Asbestos有尘石棉线CAZ-DA100 Dusted Asbestos Yarn有尘石棉方绳CAZ-DA102 Dusted asbestos Square rope有尘石棉扭绳CAZ-DA104 Twisted Dusted Asbestos Rope有尘石棉圆绳CAZ-DA106 Dusted Asbestos Round Braided rope有尘石棉松绳CAZ-DA108 Dusted asbestos lagging rope涂石墨石棉盘根CAZ-DA102G Aesbestos Packing with Graphite油浸石棉盘根CAZ-DA102GO Graphited Asbestos Packing with oil石棉橡胶盘根CAZ-DA102GIR Graphited Asbestos Packing with Wire 石棉四氟盘根CAZ-DA102P Asbestos Packing with PTFE油浸石棉四氟盘CAZ-DA102PO Asbestos Packing with PTFE & oil有尘石棉带CAZ-DA110 Dusted asbestos Tape覆铝箔有尘石棉带CAZ-DA110AL Dusted asbestos Tape with Aluminium 涂胶有尘石棉带CAZ-DA110R Dusted asbestos Tape with Rubber有尘石棉布CAZ-DA120 Dusted asbestos Cloth覆铝箔有尘石棉布CAZ-DA120AL Dusted asbestos Cloth with Aluminium玻纤Glassfiber玻纤膨体纱CAZ-GF200 E/C-Glassfiber Texturized yarn夹钢丝膨体玻纤纱CAZ-GF200I E/C-Glassfiber Texturized yarn with wire 无捻玻纤粗纱CAZ-GF201 E/C-Glassfiber Roving加捻玻纤粗纱CAZ-GF201T E/C-Glassfiber Twisted Roving玻纤铜丝混纺纱CAZ-GF201IT Glassfiber yarn twisted with copper wire 玻纤缝纫线CAZ-GF201S Glassfiber Sewing yarn玻纤方绳CAZ-GF202 Glass fiber Square rope玻纤扭绳CAZ-GF204 Twisted Glass fiber rope玻纤圆绳CAZ-GF206 Glass fiber Round rope黑色玻纤圆绳CAZ-GF206G Graphited Glassfiber Round rope涂硅胶玻纤圆绳CAZ-GF206R Glassfiber Round rope with rubber玻纤松绳CAZ-GF208 Glass fiber lagging rope玻纤针织绳CAZ-GF208K Glass fiber Knitted rope黑色玻纤维针织绳CAZ-GF208KG Glass fiber Knitted rope with graphite膨体玻纤带CAZ-GF210 Glass fiber Tape自粘性膨体玻纤带CAZ-GF210S Glass fiber Tape with self-adhesive覆铝箔玻纤带CAZ-GF210AL Glass fiber Tape with Aluminium涂硅胶玻纤带CAZ-GF210R Glass fiber Tape with Silicone rubber玻纤梯形带CAZ-GF210LD Glass fiber Ladder Tape玻纤蝌蚪带CAZ-GF210TD Glass fiber Tadpole Tape石墨处理玻纤蝌蚪带CAZ-GF210TDG Glass fiber Tadpole Tape with graphite玻纤网格带CAZ-GF210M Glass fiber mesh Tape膨体玻纤布CAZ-GF220 Texturized Glass fiber Cloth玻纤布CAZ-GF222 Glass fiber Cloth (Not texturized)玻纤网格布CAZ-GF222M Glass fiber mesh Cloth玻纤方格布CAZ-GF222PL Glass fiber Plaid Cloth覆铝箔玻纤布CAZ-GF220AL Glass fiber Cloth with Aluminium热处理玻纤布CAZ-GF220H Glass fiber Cloth heat treated涂硅胶玻纤布CAZ-GF220SC Glass fiber Cloth with Aluminium石墨处理玻纤布CAZ-GF220G Glass fiber Cloth with graphite蛭石处理玻纤布CAZ-GF220V Glass fiber Cloth with Vermiculite浸四氟玻纤布CAZ-GF220P Glass fiber Cloth with PTFE玻纤套管CAZ-GF230 Glass fiber Sleeving涂硅胶玻纤套管CAZ-GF230SC Glass fiber Sleeving with silicone玻纤纸CAZ-GF240 Glass fiber Chopped Strand Mat玻纤毡CAZ-GF246 Glassfiber Felt玻纤电焊毯CAZ-GF244 Glassfiber Welding Blanket陶纤Ceramic fiber陶纤线CAZ-CF300 Ceramic fiber yarn钢丝增强陶纤线CAZ-CF300I Ceramic fiber yarn with wire陶纤方绳CAZ-CF302 Ceramic fiber square Rope增强陶纤方绳CAZ-CF302I Ceramic fiber square Rope with Inconel wire 陶纤扭绳CAZ-CF304 Twisted ceramic fiber rope陶纤圆绳CAZ-CF306 Round ceramic fiber rope陶纤松绳CAZ-CF308 Braided ceramic fiber lagging rope陶纤带CAZ-CF310 Ceramic fiber tape覆铝箔陶纤带CAZ-CF310AL Ceramic fiber tape with Aluminium陶纤布CAZ-CF320 Ceramic fiber cloth夹钢丝陶纤布CAZ-CF320I Ceramic fiber cloth with Inconel wire覆铝箔陶纤布CAZ-CF320AL Ceramic fiber cloth with Aluminium陶瓷套管CAZ-CF330 Ceramic Sleeving陶纤纸CAZ-CF340 Ceramic fiber paper陶纤板CAZ-CF342 Ceramic fiber board陶纤毯(喷吹)CAZ-CF344B Ceramic fiber blanket(Blowing)陶纤毯(甩丝)CAZ-CF344S Ceramic fiber blanket(Swinging)陶纤毡CAZ-CF346 Ceramic fiber Felt陶纤模块CAZ-CF348 Ceramic fiber Mould陶纤散棉CAZ-CF350 Ceramic fiber bulk高温晶体棉CAZ4440F High-temperature Crystal fiber高温晶体板CAZ-HC342 High-temperature Crystal fiber board高温晶体毯CAZ-HC344 High-temperature Crystal fiber blanket岩棉Mineral Wool岩棉制品CAZ-MW400 Mineral wool product岩棉管CAZ-MW430 Mineral wool tube岩棉板CAZ-MW442 Mineral wool board岩棉毯CAZ-MW444 Mineral wool blanket铁丝网增强岩棉毯CAZ-MW444M Mineral wool blanket with galvanized hexagonal wire mesh 覆铝箔岩棉毯CAZ-MW444AL Mineral wool blanket with Aluminium碳纤维Carbon fiber碳纤维线CAZ-CB600 Carbon fiber yarn碳纤维与玻纤混合线CAZ-CB600GL Carbon fiber & Glass fiber yarn碳纤维方绳CAZ-CB602 Carbon fiber square rope碳纤维圆绳CAZ-CB606 Carbon fiber round rope碳纤维带CAZ-CB610 Carbon fiber Tape覆铝箔碳纤维带CAZ-CB610AL Carbon fiber Tape with Aluminium碳纤维布CAZ-CB620 Carbon fiber Cloth覆铝箔碳纤维布CAZ-CB620AL Carbon fiber Cloth with Aluminium碳纤维与玻纤混合布CAZ-CB620GL Carbon fiber & Glass fiber cloth芳纶Kevlar芳纶线CAZ-KV700 Kevlar fiber yarn芳纶方绳CAZ-KV702 Kevlar fiber square rope芳纶圆绳CAZ-KV706 Kevlar fiber round rope芳纶带CAZ-KV710 Kevlar fiber Tape芳纶布CAZ-KV720 Kevlar fiber clothR-PE防腐材料Rubber-PE Anitcorrosion Materials防腐胶带CAZ-AT Anitcorrosion Tape保护带CAZ-PT Protective Tape补口带CAZ-JT Joint Wrap Tape底漆CAZ-PP Paint Priming盘根中文名称CAZseal Name & Discription四氟PTFE无油白四氟盘根250(A/B) PTFE packing (A/B Grade)含油白四氟盘根250L(A/B) PTFE packing with oil (A/B Grade)四氟纤维盘根252(A/B) PTFE filament packing (A/B Grade)硅胶芯割裂丝盘根252R PTFE filament packing with rubber core膨胀四氟圆绳CO450(A/B) ePTFE round cord (A/B Grade)无油黑四氟盘根254(A/B) gPTFE packing含油黑四氟盘根254L(A/B) gPTFE packing with oilGFO盘根254GFO 100% GFO packing黑割裂丝盘根256 gPTFE filament packing芳纶Aramid黄芳纶盘根260 Aramid packing黄芳纶短纤盘根262 Spun Aramid packing涂石墨短纤芳纶盘根262G Graphited spun Aramid packing芳纶角线白四氟盘根P260 PTFE packing with aramid corners芳纶交织白四氟盘根P260Z PTFE & aramid in zebra braided packing芳纶角线黑四氟盘根G260 gPTFE packing with aramid corners芳纶交织黑四氟盘根G260Z gPTFE & aramid in zebra braided packing白芳纶盘根264 Nomex fiber packing白芳纶衬硅胶芯盘根264R Nomex fiber packing with rubber core石墨/碳纤维Graphite/Carbon(缓蚀型)石墨盘根240(K) Graphite packing (with Zinc)(缓蚀型)增强石墨盘根240E(K) Reinforced Graphite packing (with Zinc)浸四氟石墨盘根240P Graphite packing with PTFE全镍基网增强石墨盘根240M Mesh Reinforced Graphite packing芳纶包覆石墨盘根240AM Graphite packng wrapped with Aramid yarn弹簧芯石墨盘根240ES Graphite packing with SS Spring core碳纤维角线石墨盘根C240 Graphite packing with carbon fiber corners四氟角线石墨盘根P240 Graphite packing with PTFE corners石墨芯镍丝高碳盘根C240E Graphite packing wrapped with wire & HT fiber (缓蚀型)石墨填料环241(K) Die-formed graphite ring (with zinc)(缓蚀型)增强石墨填料环241E(K) Reinforced Die-formed graphite ring (with zinc) 浸四氟碳素纤维盘根242P Carbonized fiber packing涂石墨碳素纤维盘根242G Graphited Carbonized fiber packing高碳纤维盘根244 Carbon fiber packing增强高碳纤维盘根244E Reinforced Carbon fiber packing合成纤维Synthetic fiber浸四氟阿克力盘根230P Arcylic fiber packing with PTFE硅胶芯阿克力盘根230R Arcylic fiber packing with rubber core涂石墨阿克力盘根230G Graphited Arcylic fiber packing浸四氟PAN盘根232P PAN packing with PTFE涂石墨PAN盘根232G Graphited PAN packing酚醛纤维盘根234 Kynol fiber packing with PTFE酚醛角线白四氟盘根P234 PTFE packing with Kynol fiber corners植物纤维Vegetable fiber苎麻/亚麻浸四氟盘根220P Ramie packing with PTFE硅胶芯苎麻盘根220R Ramie packing with rubber core高水基盘根220G Graphited Ramie packing with oil亚麻油脂盘根222V Flax packing with grease高档油浸棉纱盘根224W Cotton packing with grease (White)普通油浸棉纱盘根224Y Cotton packing with grease (Yellow)涂石墨油浸棉纱盘根224G Graphtied Cotton packing with oil浸四氟棉纱盘根224P Cotton packing with PTFE矿纤维Mineral Fiber浸四氟石棉盘根(含油）210P(PL) Asbestos Packing with PTFE (& oil)涂石墨油浸石棉盘根210G Graphited asbestos packing with oil夹钢丝油浸石棉盘根210EG Reinforced Graphited asbestos packing with oil石棉橡胶镍丝盘根210EGR Reinforced Asbestos packing with graphite & rubber 浸四氟玻纤盘根212P Fiberglass packing with PTFE涂石墨玻纤盘根(增强）212(E)G Graphited Fiberglass packing （with wire)涂石墨陶瓷纤盘根(增强）214(E)G Graphited Ceramic fiber packing (with wire)软填料Injectable Sealants软填料（黑色）200B Injectable Packing (Black)软填料（白色）200W Injectable Packing (White)软填料（黄色）200Y Injectable Packing (Yellow)密封板材中文名称CAZseal Name & Discription无石棉板材Non-asbestos无石棉板材（200）432Non-asbestos sheet(200)无石棉板材（300）433Non-asbestos sheet(300)无石棉板材（400）434Non-asbestos sheet(400)耐油无石棉无石棉板（200）432RO Oil-resisting non-asbestos sheet(200)耐油无石棉无石棉板（300）433RO Oil-resisting non-asbestos sheet(300)耐油无石棉无石棉板（400）434RO Oil-resisting non-asbestos sheet(350)非石棉抄取板420Non-asbestos beater sheet硫化非石棉乳胶板420V Vulcanized non-asbestos Beater sheet齿板增强非石棉板420T Non-asbestos beater sheet reinforced with tanged carbon steel双面齿增强非石棉板420DE Non-asbestos Exhaust Gasket sheet with doubel-face tanged CS石墨Graphite纯石墨板材(卷材）440Expanded graphite sheet/roll平板增强石墨板材440P Graphite sheet reinforced with smooth metal齿板增强石墨板材440T Graphite sheet reinforced with tanged metal网增强石墨板材440M Graphite sheet reinforced with metal mesh四氟PTFE四氟板450PTFE Sheet填充四氟板450F PTFE sheet with filler膨胀四氟板EX450Expanded PTFE sheet四氟棒RO450Virgin PTFE Rod四氟管TU450Virgin PTFE Tube四氟车削薄膜FI450PTFE Skived Film橡胶板Rubber纯胶板460BR Black rubber sheet夹布胶板460RC Black rubber sheet with cloth insert丁腈胶板460NBR Nitrile rubber sheet丁苯胶板460SBR Stryrene butadiene rubber sheet氯丁胶板460CR Neoprene rubber sheet三元乙丙胶板460EPDM Ethylene propylenediene rubber Sheet硅橡胶板460SC Silicone rubber sheet氟橡胶板460VITON Fluorine rubber Sheet耐油胶板460RO Oilproof rubber sheet耐寒热胶板460RCH Coldproof & heatproof rubber sheet耐酸碱胶板460RAA Acidproof & alkaliproof rubber sheet绝缘胶板460RI Insulating rubber sheet阻燃胶板460RFI Fire-resistance rubber sheet食品级胶板460FR Food grade rubber sheet软木Cork软木板470Cork sheet/roll橡胶软木板470R Rubber Cork Sheet云母Mica软质金云母板480Soft goden mica sheet金属增强金云母板480T Soft goden mica sheet reinforced with tanged metal软质白云母板482Soft white mica sheet硬质白云母板482H Hard white mica sheet石棉抄取板Asbestos石棉抄取板400Asbestos beater paper硫化石棉抄取板400V Vulcanized asbestos Beater sheet齿板增强石棉复合板400T Asbestos composite sheet reinforced with tanged metal双面齿增强石棉板400DE Asbestos composite sheet with double-face tanged CS石棉橡胶板Asbestos-Rubber sheet石棉橡胶板（200）412Asbestos-Rubber sheet(200)石棉橡胶板（300）413Asbestos-Rubber sheet(300)石棉橡胶板（400）414Asbestos-Rubber sheet(400)石棉橡胶板（500）415Asbestos-Rubber sheet(500)涂石墨夹钢丝石棉橡胶板415MG Wire mesh reinforced Asbestos-Rubber sheet with graphite coating 耐油石棉橡胶板Oil-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet耐油石棉橡胶板(200)412RO Oil-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(150)耐油石棉橡胶板(300)413RO Oil-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(250)耐油石棉橡胶板(400)414RO Oil-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(300)耐油石棉橡胶板(500)415RO Oil-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(400)耐酸石棉橡胶板Acid-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet耐酸石棉橡胶板(200)412AC Acid-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(200)耐酸石棉橡胶板(200)413AC Acid-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(300)耐酸石棉橡胶板(200)414AC Acid-resisting asbestos-rubber sheet(400密封垫片中文名称CAZseal Name & Discription半金属垫片Semi-Metallic gasket高强石墨垫G440T Reinforced graphite gasket金属包覆垫DJ610Metal jacketed gasket金属缠绕垫片SW600Spiral wound gasket金属齿形垫KF620Kammprofile gasket金属波齿垫MC630Corrugated metal gasket金属垫片Metallic Gasket金属接口垫RJ640Ring joint gasket金属平垫640PL Metal plain gasket金属O型圈OR650Metal O-Ring碟簧垫片DW660Disk Spring Washer非金属垫片Non-metallic gasket无石棉垫片G434RO Non-asbestos Gasket四氟垫片G450PTFE gasket四氟夹包垫PE670PTFE envelope gasket膨胀四氟带（接口带）TA450Expanded PTFE Joint sealant Tape with self-adhesive四氟生料带ST450PTFE thread sealing tape编织石墨管TU240(Reinforced) Braided expanded tube (with self-adhesive) 编织石墨带TA240Braided graphite tape编织石墨布CO240Braided graphite Cloth石墨带TA440Graphite tape石墨波纹带TA240CS Corrugated graphite tape with adhesive coating橡胶垫片G460Rubber gasket橡胶O型圈OR460Rubber O ring橡胶绳CO460Rubber rope橡胶带TA460Rubber Tape人孔垫片CT680 Fabric Cloth/ tape Gasket绝缘垫片IK690 Insuating Gasket Kits密封设备/工具中文名称CAZseal Name & Discription密封工具Sealing Tools盘根工具800 PT Packing Tools盘根刀800 PK Packing Knife盘根切割器800 PC Guillotine Packing Ring Cutter注射枪800 IG Injection gun双刀头垫片切割器800 GDC Gasket Double Cutter垫片冲孔套件800 GPS Gasket Punch SetO型圈制作工具及迷你套件800 ORK Mini-O-Ring with Splicing Kit缠绕设备SWG Machines电脑板自动缠绕机820 AW Automatic Wound machine for SWG小型缠绕机820 SW Small Winder for SWG中型缠绕机820 MW Medium Winder for SWG大型缠绕机820 LW Large Winder for SWG钢带点焊机820 PWD Pulse Welder for metal tape盘环机820 RB Metal Ring Bender外环铣槽机820 RG Outer Ring Groover内环倒角机820 RA Inner Ring Angling machine钢带成型机820 MTS/M Metal Tape Shaper非金属带开条机820 NTC Non-metal Tape Cutter钢带开条机820 MTC Metal Tape Cutter高强设备Machines for cutting gasket冲齿机840 MP Metal foil Puncher板材滚压机840 CC Complex sheet calender内外圆同步剪切机840 GC Gasket cutter with double Knives包边钢带成型机840 ETS Eyelets metal Tape shaper内外包边机840 EW Eyelets Wrapping machine金属包覆机840 MJ Metal Jacketed machine for DJ盘根设备Packing Machines半自动倒挂式8锭编织机860-8IBE 8-carrier semiautomatic Inverted Braider半自动倒挂式18锭编织机860-18IBE 18-carrier semiautomatic Inverted Braider半自动倒挂式24锭编织机860-24IBE 24-carrier semiautomatic Inverted Braider半自动倒挂式32锭编织机860-32IBE 32-carrier semiautomatic Inverted Braider仿进口倒挂式8锭编织机860-8IBE 8-carrier advanced semiautomatic Inverted Braider 仿进口倒挂式20锭编织机860-20IBE 20-carrier advanced semiautomatic Inverted Braider 仿进口倒挂式24锭编织机860-24IBE 24-carrier advanced semiautomatic Inverted Braider 仿进口倒挂式32锭编织机860-32IBE 32-carrier advanced semiautomatic Inverted Braider 仿进口倒挂式36锭编织机860-36IBE 36-carrier advanced semiautomatic Inverted Braider 简易式倒挂机860-24IBS 24-carrier Simple semiautomatic Inverted Braider双轨方8锭编织机860-8SB 8-carrier Square Braider with 2 orbits三轨方18锭编织机860-18SB 18-carrier Square Braider with 3 orbits四轨方24锭编织机860-24SB 24-carrier Square Braider with 4 orbits四轨方32锭编织机860-32SB 32-carrier Square Braider with 4 orbits16锭圆编织机860-16RB 16-carrier round Braider with 3 orbits24锭圆编织机860-24RB 24-carrier round Braider with 4 orbits盘根卷绕机860-PW Packing Winder盘根二辊成型机860-PC2 Packing 2 rolls Calender盘根四辊成型机860-PC4 Packing 4 rolls Calender盘根成型+卷绕机860-PCW Packing Calender+ Packing Winder捻线机860-YT Yarn Twisting Machine打轴机860-BW Station Bobbin Winder其它设备Other Machine Lines石墨膨胀炉880-GEL Graphite Expanding Line石墨线生产线880-GYL Graphite Yarn Process Line1000石墨卷材流水线880-GRL Graphite Roll Process Line无尘石棉线生产线880-AYL Asbestos Yarn (Dust Free) Process Line（非）石棉板生产线880-ASL (Non-)Asbestos sheet Process Line密封原材料中文名称CAZseal Name & Discription盘根材料Packing Materials无油白四氟线Y250 Pure PTFE Yarn (oil free)含油白四氟线Y250L Pure PTFE Yarn with oil四氟夹裂丝线Y252S Multiple PTFE filament yarn （impregnated with PTFE）无油黑四氟线Y254 Graphited PTFE yarn with few oil含油黑四氟线Y254L Graphited PTFE yarn with oil石墨夹心黑四氟线Y254GFO Graphited EPTFE yarn with graphite sandwich (Chinese GFO)膨胀石墨线Y240 Expanded Graphite Yarn (Reinforced by Cotton, Glassfiber, Carbon fiber)增强石墨线Y240E Wire Reinfoced Graphite Yarn (Reinforced by Inconel, Nickel, S.S., Copper) 浸四氟石墨线Y240P Graphite Yarn impregnated with PTFE网包覆石墨线Y240M Inconel Reinforced Graphite yarn external braided with Inconel mesh预氧丝线Y242(P) Carbonized fiber Yarn (Impregnated with PTFE)预氧丝短纺线Y242S Spun Carbonized fiber yarn碳纤维线Y244 Carbon fiber yarn芳纶线Y260 Kevlar yarn芳纶短纺线Y262 Spun Kevlar yarn白芳纶短纺线Y264 Spun Nomex yarn (Impregnated with PTFE)苎麻线Y220 Ramie Yarn impregnated with PTFE亚克力线Y230 Arcylic fiber Yarn reinforced with glassfiber impregnated with PTFE“金芳纶”线Y234 Kynol fiber Yarn impregnated with PTFE“金芳纶”短芳线Y234S Spun Kynol fiber yarn reinforced with glassfiber impregnated with PTFE红色硅胶圆绳CO460SC Red Silicon rubber cord盘根专用四氟分散液PTFE-EM PTFE Emulsion for Packing dipping盘根专用石墨乳液Graph-EM Graphite Emulsion for Packing dipping超细石墨粉Graph-PD Graphite powder for packing lubrication垫片材料Gasket Materials缠绕用石墨带TA440 Graphite Tape for SWG石墨波纹带TA440CS (Corrugated) Expanded graphite tape (with adhesive coating)缠绕用石棉带TA400 Asbestos Tape for SWG缠绕用非石棉带TA420 Non-asbestos Tape for SWG缠绕用四氟带ST450 Universal PTFE Tape for SWG缠绕用膨胀四氟带TA450 EPTFE Tape for SWG金属平钢带（0.2mm)MFT-02 Flat Metal Tape (thickness:0.2mm)缠绕垫用金属V形带MVT-02 V-shape Metal Tape (thickness:0.2mm) for SWG包垫用金属板(0.4mm)MS-04 Metal sheet (thickness:0.4mm) for DJ金属冲齿板TMS- Tanged Metal Sheet环用金属板/条（3mm)MS-2/4 Metal Sheet/Strip (thickness:2/4mm) for Ring金属齿形条CMS-2/4 Corrugated Metal Strip(thickness:2/4mm)酸化石墨OG5099 Oxidixed Graphite。

中粗石墨制品的具体应用

中粗石墨制品的具体应用英文回答：Graphite is a versatile material that findsapplications in various industries due to its unique properties. One specific application of medium-coarse graphite products is in the field of lubrication. Graphite has excellent lubricating properties, which make it anideal choice for use in various lubricants and greases. For example, graphite is often used as a solid lubricant in high-temperature applications, such as in the automotive and aerospace industries. It can withstand extreme temperatures and reduce friction between moving parts, thereby improving the overall performance and longevity of the equipment.Another important application of medium-coarse graphite products is in the manufacturing of electrodes for electric arc furnaces. Graphite electrodes are essential in the steelmaking process, where they are used to conductelectricity and generate the heat required to melt the raw materials. The high thermal conductivity and low electrical resistance of graphite make it an ideal choice for this application. Additionally, graphite electrodes have good mechanical strength and can withstand the harsh operating conditions inside the furnace.In the field of energy storage, medium-coarse graphite products are also used in the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries. Graphite is an essential component of thebattery's anode, where it acts as a host material for lithium ions during the charging and discharging process. The unique structure of graphite allows for the intercalation of lithium ions, enabling the battery to store and release electrical energy efficiently. The use of graphite in lithium-ion batteries has revolutionized portable electronics and electric vehicles, providing longer-lasting and more reliable power sources.Furthermore, medium-coarse graphite products are widely used in the chemical industry for various applications. Graphite's chemical inertness and resistance to corrosionmake it suitable for handling corrosive chemicals and acids. It is commonly used in the construction of chemical reactors, heat exchangers, and pipes. Graphite's high thermal stability also makes it an excellent choice for use in the production of crucibles and molds for metal casting processes.中文回答：石墨是一种多功能材料，由于其独特的性质，在各个行业都有广泛的应用。

石油化工管道行业英语常用缩写词

石油化工管道行业英语常用缩写词(总5页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除石油化工管道行业英语常用缩写词序号缩写词描述1 AARH Arithmetic Average Roughness Height 算术平均粗糙度高度2 AGSS Angular Seating Surface 角支持面3 AMB Ambient 环境4 ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准协会5 AO Adjustable Opening 可调式开6 API American Petroleum Institute 美国石油协会7 AS Alloy Steel 合金钢8 ASME American Society Of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师学会9 ASTM American Society Of Testing Materials 美国材料及试验学会10 AWWA American Water Works Association 美国自来水厂协会11 BBE Bevel Both Ends 两端坡口端12 BC Bolted Cover 螺栓连接阀帽13 BE Bevel End 坡口端14 BLD Blind Flange 盲法兰（法兰盖）15 BLS Bellows Sealing 波纹管密封16 BLE Bevel Large End 大端坡口端17 BLK Blank 插板（盲板）18 BS British Standard 英国标准19 BW Butt Welded 对焊20 C Carbon / Carbon Content 碳/碳含量21 CA Corrosion Allowance 腐蚀裕量22 CI Cast Iron 铸铁23 CL Class 等级24 COMM.CODE Commodity Code 商品代码25 CON Concentric 同心26 CPL Coupling 管箍镇海炼化制氢原料结构调整改造项目序号缩写词描述27 CR Chloroprene Rubber 氯丁橡胶28 CS Carbon Steel 碳钢29 DE S-Bolt Double End Stud Bolt 双头螺柱30 DN Nominal Diameter 公称直径31 DR Drip Ring 排污环32 DSAW Double Side Arc Welding 双面埋弧焊33 DI Ductile Iron 球墨铸铁34 EFW Electrical Fusion Welding 电熔焊35 EL Elbow 弯头36 ENR STD Engineering Standard 工程标准37 EPDM Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer 三元乙丙橡胶38 ERW Electrical Resistance Welding 电阻焊39 FCPL Full Coupling 双承口管箍40 FE 凹面/大凹面（密封面）41 FF Flat Face 全平面（密封面）42 FG Flexible Graphite 柔性石墨43 FLG Flanged 法兰44 FNPT 60°Female NPT Threads60°NPT 内螺纹45 FRP Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastics 玻璃纤维增加塑料（玻璃钢）46 FT S-BOLT Full Threaded Stud Bolt 全螺纹螺柱47 GSK Gasket 垫片48 GALV Galvanized 镀锌49 GBP Stainless Steel Wire & Flexible Graphite Braided Packing 不锈钢丝和柔性石墨纺织填料50 GBPRStainless Steel Wire & Flexible Graphite BraidedPacking+Flexible Graphite Packing Ring 不锈钢丝和柔性石墨纺织填料＋柔性石墨填料环51 GMG Grooved Metal Gasket 齿形金属垫片52 GR Grade 级别镇海炼化制氢原料结构调整改造项目序号缩写词描述53 GRAF Graphite 石墨54 HAS-C Hastelloy-C 哈斯合金-C55 HCPL Half Coupling 单承口管箍56 HEX Hexagon 六角57 HHN Heavy Hexagonal Nut 重型六角螺母58 HF Hardening Face 表面硬化59 HFW High Frequency Welding 高频焊60 HPS High Pressure Service 高压介质61 HW Hand Wheel 手轮62 ID Inside Diameter 内径63 IR Inner Ring 内环64 ISO International Organization For Standardization 国际标准组织65 IT Impact Test 冲击试验66 JS Jack Screw 顶丝螺纹67 LAT Lateral Tee 斜三通68 LB Pound 磅69 LF Female Face / Large Female 凹面/大凹面（密封面）70 LG Large Groove 大槽面（密封面）71 LGS Longitudinal Seam 纵向焊缝72 LJ Lap Joint 松套连接73 LM Male Face / Large Male 凸面/大凸面（密封面）74 LM/LF Large Male Face/ Large Female Face 大凸面/大凹面（密封面）75 LN Lined 衬里76 LP Low Pressure 低压77 LR Long Radius 长半径78 LT Large Tongue 大榫面（密封面）79 LT / LG Large Tongue And Large Groove 大榫面和大槽面（密封面）镇海炼化制氢原料结构调整改造项目序号缩写词描述80 LTS Low Temperature System 低温系统81 LTCS Low Temperature Carbon Steel 低温碳钢82 LUG Lug Type 凸耳型83 MAX Maximum 最大84 MEG Metallic Envelope Gasket 金属包覆垫片85 MFR Manufacturer 制造商86 MH Metallic Hose 金属软管87 MI Malleable Iron 可锻铸铁88 MIN Minimum 最小89 MNPT 60o Male NPT Thread60oNPT 外螺纹90 MP Medium Pressure 中压介质91 MSS American Valve & fitting Fabrication Standardization Association 美国阀门及配件工业制造商标准化协会92 MT Magnetic Particle Testing 磁粉检测93 MTO Material Take-Off 材料统计94 NBE Nipple Both Ends 两端短节95 NBR Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber 丁腈橡胶96 No Number 编号97 NPS Nominal Pipe Size 管子公称尺寸98 NPT National Taper Pipe (Thread) （美国）国家锥形管螺纹99 NR Natural Rubber 天然橡胶100 OCR Octagonal Ring Gasket 八角形环垫片101 OD Outside Diameter 外径102 OLET Out-Let 管嘴（支管台）103 OR Outer Ring 外环104 OVR Oval Ring Gasket 椭圆形环垫片105 P&ID Piping And Instrument Diagram 管道和仪表流程图106 PP Polypropylene 聚丙烯镇海炼化制氢原料结构调整改造项目序号缩写词描述107 PATN Pattern 型式108 PBE Plain Both Ends 两端平端面109 PE Plain End 平端面110 PLSO Plate Slip-On 板式平焊111 POE Plain One End 一端平端面112 PPL Polyphenyl 聚苯113 PRESS Pressure 压力114 PSE Plain Small End 小端平端面115 PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯116 PVC Polyvinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯117 PVDF Polyvinylidene Fluoride 聚偏二氟乙烯118 PWHT Post Welding Heat Treatment 焊后热处理119 R Radius 半径120 R2 55° Taper Pipe External Thread55°锥管外螺纹121 Rc 55° Taper Pipe Internal Thread55°锥管内螺纹122 RCPL Reducing Coupling 异径管箍123 RED Reduced 异径124 REP Reduced Port 缩径125 RF Raised Face 突台面（密封面）126 RFG Reinforced Flexible Graphite 增强柔性石墨板127 RJ（RTJ） Ring Joint (Ring Trough Joint) 环连接（环槽连接密封面）128 RJG Metallic Ring Joint Gasket 金属环连接垫片129 RP Reinforcing Pad 补强板130 RSG Reinforced Sheet Gasket 增强板式垫片131 RT Radiographic Test 射线检测132 RTFE Reinforced Polytetrafluoroethylene 增强聚四氟乙烯133 S & B Spacer & Blank 垫环和插板（盲板）镇海炼化制氢原料结构调整改造项目序号缩写词描述134 S-BOLT Stud Bolt 双头螺柱135 SBR Styrene Butadiene Rubber 丁苯橡胶136 SS Stainless Steel 不锈钢137 SAW Submerged Arc Welding 埋弧焊138 SB Spectacle Blank 8 字盲板139 SCH Schedule 表号140 SEY Side Entry 侧装式141 SF Small Female Face 小凹面（密封面）142 SFR Synthetic Fiber Rubber 合成纤维橡胶143 SG Small Groove 小槽面（密封面）144 SM Small Male Face 小凸面（密封面）145 SMLS Seamless 无缝146 SNIP Swaged Nipple 异径短节147 SO Slip-On 平焊148 SPS Spiral Seam 螺旋缝149 SR Short Radius 短半径150 ST Steam Trap 蒸汽疏水器151 STD Standard 标准152 STHU Straight-Through 直通153 STL Stellite 斯太立合金154 SW Socket Welding 承插焊155 SWG Spiral Wound Gasket 缠绕式垫片156 TBE Threaded Both Ends 两端螺纹端157 TE Threaded End 螺纹端158 TEMP Temperature 温度159 THK Thickness 厚度160 THR Thread 螺纹镇海炼化制氢原料结构调整改造项目序号缩写词描述161 TOE Thread One End 一端螺纹端162 UG Underground 地下163 UT Ultrasonic Test 超声波检测164 WAF Wafer 对夹165 WN Welding Neck 对焊法兰颈166 WRC WIRE CLOTH 金属丝编织物167 WQF Weld Quality Factor 焊缝系数168 COWL 熔化极气体保护焊和埋弧焊组合工艺169 FEP Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene 聚全氟乙丙烯170 DGT Degreasing Treatment 脱脂处理171 FE 凹面/大凹面（密封面）。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

A graphite foam reinforced by graphite particlesJiangjiang Zhua,*,Xinying Wang a ,Linfeng Guo a ,Yimin Wang b ,Yanping Wang b ,Mingfang Yu b ,Kin-tak Lau caCollege of Material Science and Engineering,DongHua University,Shanghai 200051,PR ChinabState Key Laboratory for Chemical Fiber Modiﬁcation,Shanghai 200051,PR ChinacDepartment of Mechanical Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Kowloon,Hong Kong SAR,PR ChinaReceived 1April 2007;accepted 15August 2007Available online 22August 2007AbstractGraphite foam was obtained after carbonization and graphitization of a pitch foam formed by the pyrolysis of coal tar based mes-ophase pitch mixed with graphite particles in a high pressure and temperature chamber.The graphite foam possessed high mechanical strength and exceptional thermal conductivity after adding the graphite particles.Experimental results showed that the thermal conduc-tivity of modiﬁed graphite foam reached 110W/m K,and its compressive strength increased from 3.7MPa to 12.5MPa with the addi-tion of 5wt%graphite particles.Through the microscopic observation,it was also found that fewer micro-cracks were formed in the cell wall of the modiﬁed foam as compared with pure graphite foam.The graphitization degree of modiﬁed foam reached 84.9%and the ligament of graphite foam exhibited high alignment after carbonization at 1200°C for 3h and graphitization at 3000°C for 10min.Ó2007Published by Elsevier Ltd.1.IntroductionPitch-based graphite foams have been developed for many years,the detail on how to fabricate these foams has been well described elsewhere [1,2].Proposed applica-tions of pitch-based carbon foams mainly fall into two broad classes—structural and thermal advantages,with taking advantages of their high stiﬀness and thermal con-ductivity.If appropriately combine their thermal and struc-tural properties into other structural materials,it can serve as multifunctional applications.For an instance,a sand-wich core structure made by carbon ﬁber/epoxy face sheets with a carbon foam core for spacecraft radiator panels.The core foam can serve as a structural bus [3]while at the same time is a heat exchanger that is able to support high pres-sures.While there are clear advantages to pitch-based car-bon foams over competing materials,there remain certain barriers to their insertion in the defense and commercial applications [4].Graphite foam possesses high strength and exceptional thermal conductivity after modiﬁed with graphite particles,the related modiﬁcation discussion made by Klett have shown some preliminary results [5],but some detailed dis-cussion still need to be done.In this study,graphite foam was obtained after carbonization and graphitization of a pitch foam formed by the pyrolysis of coal tar based meso-phase pitch mixed with graphitic particles in a high pressure and temperature chamber.The excellent thermal stabiliza-tion and thermal conductivity of graphite particles endow graphite foam with high thermal conductivity signiﬁcantly.Because graphite particles are in a laminar structure,it is easy to form disk-like structures of liquid crystal polymer in mesophase pitch,which leads to good compatibility of graphite particles and mesophase pitch.In addition,the mesophase pitch can be carbonized and graphitized between layers of graphite particles;its growth of crystalline is conﬁned and forms two dimensional turbostratic struc-tures.As a result,the imperfections of graphite foam such as micro-cracks can be greatly reduced and thus,its mechanical properties are improved.In this paper,the mechanical properties and thermal conductivities of the0008-6223/$-see front matter Ó2007Published by Elsevier Ltd.doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.08.019*Corresponding author.Fax:+862162379309.E-mail address:ymw@ (J.Zhu)./locate/carbonAvailable online at Carbon 45(2007)2547–2550graphite foam with and without being modiﬁed by graphite particles are investigated in detail.2.Experimental investigation2.1.Graphite foam processingAs a received pitch(TZ coal tar based mesophase pitch)was well-pro-portioned mixed with graphite particles(GP30,made by Shanghai colloid chemistry,granule of diameter<30l m,total moisture<0.5)and pyro-lyzed at the temperature of400–450°C for2–6h with a nitrogen blowing (hereafter called‘‘the modiﬁed foams’’).The mesophase pitch obtained was pulverized into granule of diameter<0.1mm and fed into a mold. The mold was set in a high temperature and pressure chamber.The high pressure and temperature chamber was vacuumed below0.01MPa at least three times.Afterward,nitrogen gas was injected into the chamber.The pressure reached to8MPa when the temperature was raised to500°C,this condition was kept for1–stly,the chamber was turned oﬀand cooled down to room temperature.With the decrease of pressure and tem-perature,the pitch expanded and formed foam.The carbonization was then performed at1200°C at calefactive rate of2°C/min under nitrogen ﬂow,this process was kept for3h.The carbonized foam was graphitized at3000°C in a graphitization furnace for another10min.pressive testThe size of cubic foam samples was30·10·10mm.The monotonous compressive test was conducted on two diﬀerent directions of the foam because the mechanical properties of the foam are dependant on the direc-tion of foam’s growth.2.3.The microstructure observation of foamScanning electronic microscopy(SEM)was used to observe the micro-structure of the modiﬁed foam after heat treatment.X-ray diﬀractometer was used to study its crystal structure.The radiation was CuK a of40kV, 40mA and the scanning2h was set from5°to50°at the speed of2°/min.2.4.The thermal conductivity testThermal conductivity test was performed with a xenonﬂash diﬀusivity technique at room temperature.The size of the thermal test specimens was 10·10·0.5mm.3.Results and discussionThe corresponding properties of the modiﬁed foam are listed in Table1.All the foams were made under the same processing condition.The initial pressure was4MPa and ﬁnal pressure reached8MPa within2h of soaking time for foaming.As shown by SEM images in Fig.1,the pore size in a pristine foam sample without graphite particles seems not very uniform.The biggest diameter of the pore is about650l m while the smallest one is100l m.Thisﬁg-ure also reveals that the pores in the foam sample were mostly interconnected.Whereas,the modiﬁed foams with graphite particle additives had a uniform pore size and less open-celled structure.Less irregular openings were formed by fracture of the pore walls after solidiﬁcation.With the help of graphite particles,the morphology of the pore was greatly changed and the portion of irregular pores Table1General properties of graphite foams(GF)with diﬀerent additive amount of graphite particlesFoam GF0GF2GF5GF8 Graphite particles(%)0258 Apparent density(g/cm3)0.6770.7230.7570.768 Porosity(%)72686362 Opening(%)94.2682.3881.1277.61 Thermal conductivity(W/m K)70.285.6110.3107.4 Fig.1.The SEM images of the modiﬁed foams without diﬀerent amount of graphite particles:0wt%(top left);2wt%(top right);5wt%(bottom left)and 8wt%(bottom right).2548J.Zhu et al./Carbon45(2007)2547–2550decreased.According to this observation,it indicates that the graphite particles did inﬂuence the foaming process, which may be dependent on the nucleation of the graphite particles when the mesophase pitches were prepared.The existence of the particles conduced to the mesophase pitch distributing regularly.Besides,based on previousﬁndings [6],the amount and length of micro-cracks are an impor-tant factor that greatly inﬂuences the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the graphite foam.Since the structure of the graphite particles is a laminar form,it can be well compatible with disk-like mesophase domains during the production of foam at high temperature.The compressive strength of the modiﬁed foams is plot-ted in Fig.2.The ultimate compressive strengths of modi-ﬁed foams with adding2wt%,5wt%and8wt%of the graphite particles are9.3MPa,12.5MPa and10.8MPa, respectively.It shows that the compressive strengths of the modiﬁed foam are higher than that of the pristine foam (i.e.0wt%of graphite particles).Summarily,in order to improve the compressive strength of graphite foam,the amount of graphite particles should not exceed8wt%, and the optimal range should be2–5wt%.The mechanical properties of foam with the amount of graphite particles beyond5wt%would be reduced(see Fig.3).The results extracted from X-ray diﬀractometer mea-surement are shown in Table2.After heat treatment,a two-dimensional turbostratic structure other than three-dimensional structure was formed due to the conﬁne of graphite laminar structures[7].The two dimensional layers were tightly stacked.The crystalline spacing of mesophase pitch with graphite decreased from3.3833A˚to3.3707A˚.The densely packed structure reduced the shrinkage of the foam during the heat treatment process and resulted in the decrease of micro-cracks.The mechanical properties were thus improved by the reduction of micro-cracks. According to thisﬁnding,it can conclude that laminar graphite can contribute to the increase of the thermal con-ductivity of the graphite foam.Therefore,the mechanical properties of the graphite foam were strengthened by dual aﬀection.The attribute by the graphite particles and lami-nar graphite particles are used to reduce the formation of micro-cracks and thus increase the stiﬀness of the graphite foam.Table1summarizes the experimental results extracted from the thermal conductivity measurement of modiﬁed foams with diﬀerent amount of graphite particles.The ther-mal conductivity of the modiﬁed foam without graphite particles was about70W/m K.However,it was seen that the thermal conductivity of the modiﬁed could increase sig-niﬁcantly from85to110W/m K when the amount of graphite particles increased from2wt%to5wt%.The structure of mesophase pitch was changed to a disk like laminar by heat treatment.When the heating temperature was lower than1200°C,the structure of modiﬁed foam was in a turbostratic structure where the laminas randomly existed in the modiﬁed foam.The high activity and distance between layers of the graphite particles oﬀered an excellent place for the formation of a sandwich structure of polymer chains with graphite particle layers.After heat treatment,a two dimensional turbostratic structure other than a three dimensional structure is formed due to the limitation of graphite particle lamina.The two dimensional layers were stacked tightly and randomly.The turbostratic structure and complicated pore path of graphite foam induced by the graphite particle can strengthen the conduction of heat and as a result the thermal conductivity of carbon foam can be increased greatly.In addition,the thermal conduc-Table2The interlayer spacingPitch GF0GF2GF5GF8Interlayer spacing(dm/A˚) 3.3833 3.3732 3.3707 3.3813 J.Zhu et al./Carbon45(2007)2547–25502549tivity of graphite particles was as high as1900W/m K and therefore graphite particle is often considered as excellent heat transfer materials in many applications.4.ConclusionIn this paper,it introduces that a high strength,high thermal conductivity graphite foam reinforced by graphite particles was produced from coal tar based mesophase pitch.SEM observation and X-ray showed that less micro-cracks appeared on the foam cell wall and the crystal spacing of mesophase pitch with graphite particles, decreased from3.3833A˚to3.3707A˚.The densely packed structure would reduce the shrinkage of the modiﬁed foam during heat treatment process and thus resulted in the decrease of micro-cracks.The mechanical properties of the modiﬁed foam were strengthened not only by the attri-bute of graphite particles itself,but also by the reduction of the number of micro-cracks.It proves that the laminar graphite particles can enhance the thermal conductivity of the graphite foams.The mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the graphite foam can be improved by the addition of graphite particles.The ultimate compressive strengths of modiﬁed foams with adding2wt%and5wt%of the graph-ite particles were9.3MPa and12.5MPa,respectively.However,further increasing the amount of graphite parti-cles would adversely inﬂuence the mechanical and thermal properties of the foams.Due to the high thermal conduc-tivity of laminar graphite structure,a two-dimensional turbostratic structure of graphite foam was formed and the thermal conductivity of the modiﬁed foam increased from70W/m K to110W/m K.References[1]Klett J.Pitch-based carbon foam and Patent6261485,2001.[2]Kearns K.Pitch foam Patent#5,961,814,US Air Force,October5,1999.[3]Silverman E.Multifunctional carbon foam development for spacecraftapplications,presented at the35th international SAMPE technical conference.Dayton,OH,Covina(CA):SAMPE,2003.[4]Brow M,Watts R,Koch R,Alam MK.Characterization requirementsfor aerospace thermal management applications.In:Proceedings of the 35th international SAMPE technical conference materials and pro-cessing:enablingﬂight–our legacy and future,September28–October 2,Covina(CA):SAMPE,2003.[5]Klett J.Pitch based foam with Patent6287375,2001.[6]Wang Xinying,Zhong Jiming,Wang Yimin,Yu Mingfang.A study ofthe properties of carbon foam reinforced by clay.Carbon2006;44: 1560–4.[7]Bruneton E,Tallaron C,Gras-Naulin N,Cosculluela A.Evolution ofthe structure and mechanical behaviour of a carbon foam at very high temperature.Carbon2002;40(2):1919–27.2550J.Zhu et al./Carbon45(2007)2547–2550。