中考试卷测试一
河南省平顶山市英语中考2024年测试试卷及解答
2024年河南省平顶山市英语中考测试试卷及解答班级：________________ 学号：________________ 姓名：______________一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1.Question: Listen to the recording and choose the correct answer to the question.•Question: What time does the school bus leave for the trip?•Options:A. 7:30 a.m.B. 8:00 a.m.C. 8:30 a.m.•Answer: B•Explanation: The recording states, “Please be at the school gate by 7:45a.m. The bus will leave sharp at 8:00 a.m. for the educational trip.”Thus, the correct answer is B, 8:00 a.m.2.Question: Listen to the conversation and select the missing word in the sentence.•Conversation: “The history teacher asked us to read Chapter 5 and answer the questions at the_______of the page.”•Options:A. endB. middleC. start•Answer: A•Explanation: The conversation implies that the questions are located at the conclusion of the chapter, hence the missing word is “end.”Therefore, the correct answer is A.3.Question: Listen to the dialogue and choose the person who is not mentioned.•Dialogue: “I’m really looking forwar d to the English test tomorrow.I’ve been studying with Lily and Tom every day after school. We’re all hoping to improve our scores.”•Options:A. SarahB. LilyC. Tom•Answer: A•Explanation: The dialogue discusses three individuals: the speaker, Lily, and Tom. Sarah is not mentioned in the conversation, making her the person not referred to. Thus, the correct answer is A.4、Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer.Question: What time does the train leave for Beijing?A. 8:00 amB. 9:00 amC. 10:00 amAnswer: BExplanation: The dialogue mentions that the train for Beijing departs at 9:00 am. Specifically, the speaker says, “The train to Beijing leaves at 9 o’clock in the morning.” Therefore, the correct answer is B.5、Listen to the short passage and fill in the blank with the missing word. Passage: Students in Pingdingshan, Henan Province are preparing for their high school entrance exam. They spend a lot of time studying English, especially practicing their____skills.Blank: listeningAnswer: listeningExplanation: The passage talks about students preparing for their exams and emphasizes the importance of English study. It specifically mentions “practicing their____skills” in the context of English learning. Since “listening” is a key aspect of language proficiency, and is often emphasized in language exams, the missing word is most likely “listening.”6、Listen to the conversation and answer the question.Question: Where does the boy want to go after school?A. To the libraryB. To the playgroundC. To the supermarketAnswer: AExplanation: In the conversation, the boy says, “I’m going to the library after school to finish my homework.” This directly indicates that he want s to go to the library, making A the correct answer. The other options, the playground and the supermarket, are not mentioned in the conversation.7、 Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer.A. It’s on the first floor.B. It’s in the library.C. It’s near the science lab.Answer: AExplanation: The question is asking for the location of the English classroom. In the conversation, the speaker mentions that the English classroom is on the first floor, so the correct answer is A.8、 Listen to the short passage and answer the question.Question: What time does the movie start?A. At 8:00 p.m.B. At 7:30 p.m.C. At 6:45 p.m.Answer: BExplanation: The short passage mentions that the movie starts at 7:30 p.m., so the correct answer is B. The passage could have contained a sentence like “The movie starts promptly at 7:30 p.m. in the school auditorium.”9、 Listen to the announcement and fill in the blank.The school trip to the zoo is scheduled for this Saturday. We will be leaving at 8:00 a.m. sharp from the school gate. Please remember to bringyour_____and wear comfortable shoes.A. water bottleB. textbooksC. lunch boxAnswer: AExplanation: The announcement is about a school trip to the zoo, and it mentions bringing something and wearing comfortable shoes. Given the context of a trip to the zoo, it’s most likely that students would be reminded to bring water bottles (A) to stay hydrated. Textbooks (B) are not relevant for a trip to the zoo, and while a lunch box (C) could be mentioned, the emphasis on comfortable shoes suggests the activity will involve walking, making a water bottle more immediately relevant.10、Question: Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to the question.What time will the train arrive at the station?A. 8:30 amB. 9:00 amC. 9:30 amAnswer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the woman asks the man when the train arrives, and the man responds, “It’s scheduled to arrive at 9:00 am.” This directly corresponds to option B.11、Question: Listen to the short passage and answer the following question. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Environmental protection.B. Climate change.C. Wildlife conservation.Answer: CExplanation: The passage mentions efforts to protect endangered species and promote wildlife conservation, indicating that the main topic is wildlife conservation.12、Question: Listen to the dialogue and select the missing word in the sentence. “I’m sorry, I can’t come to the party tonight. I have a_____meeting at work.”A. boringB. longC. cancelledAnswer: BExplanation: The speaker expresses regret about not being able to attendthe party and gives the reason that they have a “long” meeting at work. This suggests that the meeting will take up a significant amount of time, making it impossible for them to attend the party. Option B, “long,” fits this context best.13、Listen to the recording and choose the best answer to complete the sentence.Recording: “The teacher asked the students to read the text out loud in pairs for better pro nunciation.”Answer: A. The students were asked to read in pairs.Explanation: The recording states that the teacher instructed the students to read the text out loud in pairs for the purpose of improving their pronunciation. Therefore, the answer that best completes the sentence is “The students were asked to read in pairs.”14、Listen to the dialogue and select the correct response. Recording: (Man) “What’s the weather like today?”(Woman) “It’s sunny and a bit windy, but it’s a perfect day for a hike.”Answer: C. It’s a good day for outdoor activities.Explanation: The woman in the dialogue responds to the man’s question about the weather by saying it’s sunny and windy, but overall it’s a perfect day for a hike. This implies that it’s a good day for outd oor activities, making option C the correct response.15、Listen to the news report and answer the question.Recording: “The city of Pingdingshan in Henan Province is planning to expand its public transportation system with the addition of 50 new buses. The new buses will help reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in the city.”Question: What is the main purpose of the new buses being added to the public transportation system in Pingdingshan?Answer: B. To reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality. Explanation: The news report states that the addition of 50 new buses to the public transportation system in Pingdingshan is planned to help reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in the city. Therefore, the main purpose of the new buses is to achieve these two goals, making option B the correct answer.16、Question: Listen to the recording and choose the correct answer to the question.The recording says: “The weather forecast for tomorrow predicts a sunny day with a high temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.”What is the predicted weather for tomorrow?A. RainyB. SunnyC. CloudyAnswer: BExplanation: The recording states that the weather forecast for tomorrow predicts a sunny day, so the correct answer is B, “Sunny”.17、Question: Listen to the conversation and fill in the missing word. Speaker 1: “Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bookstore is?”Speaker 2: “Yes, it’s just around the corner on the left. It’s called ‘The Reading Corner’.”What is the name of the bookstore?Answer: The Reading CornerExplanation: The second speaker mentions that the bookstore is called ‘The Reading Corner’, so that is the missing word to fill in.18、Question: Listen to the passage and select the sentence that is NOT true according to the information given.The passage says: “In our school, students have various extracurricular activities to choose from. These include sports clubs like basketball and football, music groups like the choir and the band, and academic clubs such as the math club and the debate society. These activities help students develop their interests and skills outside the classroom.”A. Students can join the debate society if they are interested in debating.B. There are no academic clubs available for students to join.C. The school offers extracurricular activities for students.Answer: BExplanation: The passage clearly states that the school offers academic clubs such as the math club and the debate society, making sentence B incorrect. Sentence A is true because the passage mentions the debate society, and sentence C is also true as it summarizes the main idea of the passage.19、Question: Listen to the recording and choose the correct answer to the question.The question is: “What does the man suggest the woman do to improve her English listening skills?”A)Watch more English movies.B)Read English books more often.C)Practice listening to English songs.Answer: A) Watch more English movies.Explanation: In the recording, the man advises the woman to watch English movies with subtitles to help her improve her English listening skills. This directly corresponds to option A.20、Question: Listen to the conversation and answer the following question. The question is: “Where will the speakers meet for lunch?”A)At the school cafeteria.B)At a nearby restaurant.C)At the park entrance.Answer: B) At a nearby restaurant.Explanation: During the conversation, one speaker mentions that they should meet at the new restaurant near the school for lunch. This clearly indicates that they will meet at a nearby restaurant, corresponding to option B.二、阅读理解（30分）Title: The Benefits of ReadingReading is one of the most important activities that can enrich our lives in countless ways. It is a door to knowledge, a bridge to understanding, and a path to personal growth. In today’s fast-paced world, wheretechnology often dominates our l eisure time, it’s essential to remind ourselves of the timeless value of books and the joy they bring.Firstly, reading expands our horizons. By delving into the pages of a book, we can travel to distant lands, explore different cultures, and experience emotions that we might not have the opportunity to in our daily lives. This not only broadens our understanding of the world but also fosters empathy and open-mindedness.Secondly, reading improves our cognitive abilities. Research has shown that regular reading can enhance memory, vocabulary, and comprehension skills.It also stimulates the brain, keeping it active and healthy. In a sense, reading is a workout for the mind, just as physical exercise is for the body.Furthermore, reading is a great stress reliever. Escaping into a good book can help us unwind after a long day, forgetting about our worries and troubles. It provides a moment of peace and tranquility amidst the chaos of everyday life.Lastly, reading inspires creativity and imagination. Books, especially those of fiction, encourage us to think outside the box, to imagine new worlds and possibilities. They fire up our imaginations, sparking ideas and fostering a sense of wonder.In conclusion, the benefits of reading are numerous and far-reaching. It is a habit that should be nurtured and cherished throughout our lives. So, let’s pick up a book today and embark on a journey of discovery, learning, and growth.Questions:1.What is the main purpose of the passage?A)To argue against the use of technology in leisure time.B)To promote the importance of reading in our lives.C)To describe different types of books and their content.D)To explain the history of reading and its evolution.Answer: B) To promote the importance of reading in our lives.Explanation: The passage discusses the various benefits of reading, emphasizing its importance in enriching our lives, expanding our horizons, improving cognitive abilities, relieving stress, and inspiring creativity. Therefore, the main purpose is to promote the significance of reading.2.How does reading help improve cognitive abilities?A)By reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.B)By stimulating the brain and enhancing memory, vocabulary, and comprehensionskills.C)By providing entertainment and distraction from daily routines.D)By teaching us about different cultures and fostering empathy.Answer: B) By stimulating the brain and enhancing memory, vocabulary, and comprehension skills.Explanation: The passage states that “reading improves our cognitive abilities” and goes on to explain that it “can enhance memory, vocabulary, and comprehension skills. It also stimulates the brain, keeping it active and healthy.” This directly answers the question, indicating that reading improves cognitive abilities by stimulating the brain and enhancing these specific skills.3.What is the benefit of reading mentioned in the passage that is not related toknowledge acquisition or cognitive abilities?A)Expanding horizons and understanding of the world.B)Relieving stress and providing a moment of peace.C)Improving vocabulary and comprehension skills.D)Encouraging creativity and imagination.Answer: B) Relieving stress and providing a moment of peace.Explanation: While all the options listed are benefits of reading, the question specifically asks for a benefit that is not related to knowledgeacquisition or cognitive abilities. Option A relates to understanding and expanding horizons, which is knowledge-related. Option C directly mentions improving cognitive abilities. Option D, while inspiring creativity, can also be seen as enhancing cognitive abilities, particularly in terms of imagination. However, Option B, relieving stress and providing a moment of peace, is a benefit that is not directly tied to knowledge acquisition or cognitive abilities but rather to emotional well-being and stressmanagement.三、完型填空（15分）Title: The Significance of English in Henan’s Pingdingshan Secondary School Entrance ExamAs students in Pingdingshan, Henan Province prepare for their English section of the junior high school entrance examination, they are reminded of the 1of mastering this language. Not only does it open doors to a wider world of knowledge, but it also plays a crucial role in shaping their future careers.The “Cloze” section, in particular, tests students’ ability tocomprehend a text and fill in the missing words based on context and their2. This section not only evaluates their vocabulary range but also assessestheir understanding of grammatical structures and logical reasoning.Preparing for the cloze effectively requires a combination of 3and targetedpractice. Students must have a solid foundation in grammar and vocabulary, which they can 4 through extensive reading and regular exercises. Additionally, engaging in mock exams and timed practice sessions helps them become familiar with the format and pace of the real exam.However, it’s important to remember that success in this section, and indeed in the entire English exam, is 5achieved overnight. It necessitates dedication, perseverance, and a willingness to learn from mistakes. Answers:1.importance2.skill3.experience4.gain5.hardlyExplanation:1.importance - This word correctly fills the gap to emphasize thesignificance of mastering English for students in Pi ngdingshan’s entrance exam context.2.skill - The cloze section tests not just knowledge but also the skill ofunderstanding context and applying it to fill in missing words.3.experience - Preparing effectively involves a blend of past experiences,including studying strategies and practices that have proven beneficial.4.gain - Through reading and exercises, students can accumulate or gain astronger foundation in grammar and vocabulary.5.hardly - This adverb appropriately conveys that success in exams,especially those requiring mastery of a language, is not easily or quickly achieved. It necessitates sustained effort and dedication.四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、— Is there________in today’s newspaper?Yes, quite a lot.A. something newB. new somethingC. anything newD. new anythingAnswer: CExplanation: 当形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词需要放在不定代词之后。
2024-2025学年山东省枣庄市第四十一中学初三中考测试(一)语文试题文试题含解析
2024-2025学年山东省枣庄市第四十一中学初三中考测试（一）语文试题文试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、积累与运用1．下列句子顺序排列最恰当的一项是（）①每一个人面、每一朵桃花都是回不去的年华啊！②人面可能分离，桃花必会凋谢，只要我们在分离与凋谢中不失去微笑的心，就能永远与春风相约。
③苏东坡有两句诗：“一年好景君须记，正是黄橙橘绿时。
”年都有好景，只看我们能不能珍惜。
④“人面不知何处去，桃花依旧笑春风”，在看旧照片时看，到去年与今日，人面与桃花，分合与聚散，才令人对生命的流逝感到更深的怅惘。
⑤世间的春风总是在的，人欠缺的是心里的春风，还有微笑。
春风总是在的。
⑥幸好的是，不论年华去也、不论分合聚散、不论多少的背弃与分离，每一年的春风总是在的。
A．④①⑥②③⑤B．①④⑥③②⑤C．①④⑥③⑤②D．④①⑥③②⑤2．给下列句子排序，最恰当的一项是（）①牡丹没有花谢花败之时，要么烁于枝头，要么归于泥土。
②那花瓣落地时依然鲜艳夺目，如同一只奉上祭坛的大鸟脱落的羽毛，低吟着壮烈的悲歌离去。
③它跨越萎顿和衰老，由青春而死亡，由美丽而消遁。
④一阵清风袭来，娇艳鲜嫩的盛期牡丹忽然整朵整朵地坠落，铺散一地绚丽的花瓣。
⑤它虽美却不吝惜生命，即使告别也要留给人最后一次惊心动魄的体味。
A．①③④②⑤B．④②①③⑤C．①⑤④②③D．④①③②⑤3．下列句子没有语病的一项是（）A．瑞典科学家发现了新的耐药基因，可使细菌具备对抗当前最强力抗生素的功能。
2024-2025学年安徽省阜阳市语文中考测试试卷及解答
2024-2025学年安徽省阜阳市语文中考测试试卷及解答一、积累与运用（本大题有7小题，每小题3分，共21分）1、下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是（）A. 蹒跚（pán）锃亮（zhèng）踌躇（chú）恪尽职守（kè）B. 狡黠（xiá）亵渎（dú）蓦然（mù）鳞次栉比（zhì）C. 谀词（yú）桑梓（zǐ）拮据（jū）忍俊不禁（jīn）D. 琐屑（xiè）伛偻（lóu）襁褓（qiǎng）强聒不舍（guō）答案：C解析：A项中“锃亮”的“锃”应读“zèng”，故A项错误；B项中“蓦然”的“蓦”应读“mò”，故B项错误；C项注音完全正确，故C项正确；D项中“伛偻”的“偻”应读“lǚ”，“襁褓”的“襁”应读“qiǎng”，但题目中“qi ǎng”的标注是针对“襁”的，所以此处判断为D项错误主要基于“伛偻”的读音；综上所述，正确答案是C。
2、下列句子中，没有语病的一句是（）A. 能否贯彻落实科学发展观，是构建和谐社会、促进经济可持续发展的重要保证。
B. 宽带网不仅能浏览信息，还可以提供网上视频点播和远程教育等智能化、个性化。
C. 宇航员翟志刚在太空行走时，在飞船舱内航天员刘伯明、景海鹏密切地关注着他的每一个动作。
D. 有关部门对极少数不尊重环卫工人劳动、无理取闹、甚至殴打侮辱环卫工人的事件，及时进行了批评教育和严肃处理。
答案：A解析：B项成分残缺，缺少宾语中心语，应在句末加上“的服务”；C项句式杂糅，前一句主语是“翟志刚”，后一句主语又变成了“刘伯明、景海鹏”，造成结构混乱，可删去“在”和“时”；D项搭配不当，“事件”与“批评教育”不搭配，应删去“批评教育和”；A项没有语病，故A项正确。
3、根据拼音写汉字。
人生需要理想的呼唤。
你慵（lǎn）_____ 于春日，快意于及时行乐，就必须唤醒理想的灵魂；你疲（bèi）_____ 于艰难困苦的环境，醉心于失败的痛苦，也必须唤醒理想的灵魂。
山东省德州市化学中考2024年测试试卷及解答
2024年山东省德州市化学中考测试试卷及解答一、单项选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题3分，共36分）1、下列有关实验操作的“先”与“后”的说法中，正确的是( )A.制取气体时，先装药品，后检查装置的气密性B.加热高锰酸钾并用排水法收集氧气结束时，先熄灭酒精灯，后移出导管C.用托盘天平称量10.0g固体药品时，先放砝码，后放药品D.检查装置的气密性时，先把导管一端浸在水里，后用两手紧贴容器的外壁A、实验室制取气体时，组装好装置后，应在向容器中装入药品前检查装置气密性，然后再装入药品，以避免装入药品后发现装置气密性不好，更换部分仪器而浪费药品，故选项说法错误。
B、加热高锰酸钾并用排水法收集氧气结束时，先把导管移出水面，再熄灭酒精灯，以防止水槽中的水倒吸入试管，使试管因骤然冷却而炸裂，故选项说法错误。
C、用托盘天平称量10.0g固体药品时，应先在右盘放10g的砝码，再向左盘逐渐添加药品至天平平衡，故选项说法正确。
D、检查装置气密性的方法：把导管的一端浸没在水里，双手紧贴容器外壁，若导管口有气泡冒出，装置不漏气；故选项说法正确。
故答案为：C；D；先放砝码，后放药品；先把导管一端浸在水里，后用两手紧贴容器的外壁2、下列实验方法正确的是( )A.用燃着的木条区分氮气和二氧化碳B.用过滤的方法除去水中不溶性的杂质C.用闻气味的方法区分氧气和二氧化碳D.用酚酞溶液鉴别稀盐酸和食盐水A、氮气和二氧化碳均不能燃烧、不能支持燃烧，均能使燃着的木条熄灭，不能鉴别，故选项实验方法错误。
B、过滤是把不溶于液体的固体与液体分离的一种方法，用过滤的方法除去水中不溶性的杂质，故选项实验方法正确。
C、氧气和二氧化碳两种气体都是无色无味的，用闻气味的方法不能鉴别，故选项实验方法错误。
D、稀盐酸和食盐水分别显酸性、中性，均不能使酚酞溶液变色，不能鉴别，故选项实验方法错误。
故答案为：B。
3、下列物质中，属于纯净物的是 ( )A. 洁净的空气B. 清澈的河水C. 液态氧D. 优质燃煤答案：C解析：A选项，洁净的空气虽然看似干净，但实际上它包含了氮气、氧气、二氧化碳等多种气体，以及少量的水蒸气、尘埃等，因此属于混合物，故A错误；B选项，清澈的河水虽然看起来清澈，但其中溶解了多种矿物质、微生物等，因此也属于混合物，故B错误；C选项，液态氧是氧气的液态形式，仅由氧元素组成，属于纯净物，故C正确；D选项，优质燃煤虽然质量较好，但燃煤本身是由多种物质组成的，如碳、氢、氧、氮、硫等元素构成的化合物，因此属于混合物，故D错误。
2025届齐齐哈尔市重点中学初三中考测试(一)语文试题文试题含解析
2025届齐齐哈尔市重点中学初三中考测试（一）语文试题文试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、积累与运用1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不同的一项是（）A．刹．车/刹．那肖．像/惟妙惟肖．息事宁．人/ 宁．缺勿滥B．忖．度/纣．王诧．异/姹．紫嫣红相形见绌．/咄．咄逼人C．贝壳．/躯壳．抹．去/拐弯抹．角丢三落．四/落．花流水D．涟漪．/绮．丽贬．义/针砭．时弊谆谆教诲．/韬光养晦．2．下列各项中，有语病．．．的一项是（）A．自实施以来，精神文明建设“五个一工程”推出一大批思想精深、艺术精湛的作品，提高了人民精神文化生活，发挥了以高尚的精神鼓舞人的作用。
B．党的十九大报告明确提出，第二轮土地承包到期后再延长三十年，这给蔬菜基地的菜农们吃了“定心丸”，使广大菜农更加坚定了靠土地致富的信心。
C．历经半年多的时间，经过各方的不懈努力，港珠澳大桥海底箱梁项目顺利推进。
D．今年的中国戏曲文化节围绕“中国梦·中华魂·戏曲情”的主题，举办戏曲花车巡演、地方戏演出、园博厅精品展演等一系列传承传统戏曲文化的活动。
3．下列各组词语中，加点字的注音全部正确的一项是 ( )A．地窖．(gào)确凿．(záo)挑衅．(xìn)忍俊不禁．(jìn)B．枯涸．(hé)殒．落(yǔn) 锃．亮(zèng)猝．然而逝(cù)C．滑稽．(jì)羼．水(chàn)恻．隐(cè) 锲．而不舍(qiè)D．骸．骨(hái)胚．芽(pēi)匀称．(chèng)怒不可遏．(è)4．下列句子中加点词语使用不正确的一项是（）A．老画家回到了阔别已久的故居，驻足端详，触景生情．．．．，不仅潸然落泪。
【精品】语文中考一模测试卷(有答案)
C. 晚饭后,老人们聚在大树下谈天说地,好不热闹。
D. 这位九十高龄的老人慈祥仁爱、古道热肠,深得他人尊重。
4.给下列句子排序,最恰当的一项是（ ）
①中国有一句谚语说：“金刚怒目,不如菩萨低眉。”所谓怒目,便是流露；所谓低眉,便是含蓄。
②最有趣的就是西洋爱神的雕刻,她们男女都是瞎了眼睛。
③凡看低头闭目的神像,所生的印象往往特别深刻。
（二） （18分）
阅读下面的实用类文本,完成下面小题。
【材料一】
国际运动营养学会对能量饮料的定义是：能量饮料是成分除了水、碳水化合物、维生素、矿物质以外,还包括各种营养物质混合体（如咖啡因、牛磺酸、氨基酸、瓜拉那、葡醛内酯、肌糖、人参、银杏萃取液等）的一种饮料。能量饮料与运动饮料的区别就在于是否含有咖啡因。牛磺酸也是一种氨基酸,但不直接参与蛋白质合成,是一种调节性的游离于细胞外的特殊氨基酸。在安全性上,牛磺酸被公认为是不影响人体健康的物质,所以牛磺酸影响脂类吸收、改善内分泌状态、改善运动疲劳等作用一直受到人们的追捧。市场上的红牛就是比较典型的含牛磺酸的产品。
（5）夕阳西下,____________。（马致远《天净沙·秋思》）
（6）晴川历历汉阳树,______________。（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）
（7）______________,却话巴山夜雨时。（李商隐《夜雨寄北》）
（8）角声满天秋色里,______________。（李贺《雁门太守行》）
广东省深圳市英语中考测试试卷与参考答案
广东省深圳市英语中考测试试卷与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Question: Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer to the question.Recording:(A woman speaking) “Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest bookstore is?”(A man responding) “Sure, it’s just around the corner on the left. Youcan’t miss it.”Question: Where is the nearest bookstore?A)Across the streetB)Around the corner on the leftC)Two blocks awayAnswer: BExplanation:The man in the recording says, “it’s just around the corner on the left.” This directly answers the question about the location of the nearest bookstore.2、Question:Listen to the short news report and answer the following question.Recording:(A news anchor) “Breaking news, the weather forecast for tomorrow calls for heavy rain and thunderstorms in the morning, with agradual improvement in the afternoon. Residents are advised to stay indoors during the morning hours.”Question: What is the advice given to residents regarding the weather?A)To bring an umbrellaB)To stay indoors in the morningC)To avoid drivingAnswer: BExplanation:The news anchor says, “Residents are advised to stay indoors during the morning hours.” This directly answers the question about the advice given to residents regarding the weather.3、Question: Listen to the dialogue and select the correct information about the time of the meeting.Recording:(A man speaking) “Hello, Jane. Are you ready for our meeting at 2 p.m. today?”(A woman responding) “Yes, I’m all set. See you in the conference room at 2 p.m. sharp.”Question: What is the time of the meeting?A)1 p.m.B)2 p.m.C)3 p.m.Answer: BExplanation: Both the man and the woman mention the time of the meeting as“2 p.m.” This directly answers the question about the time of the meeting.4、 Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer.Question: What is the woman’s favorite subject?A. MathB. EnglishC. ScienceAnswer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the woman clearly states, “I really enjoy learning English. It’s my favorite subject.” This directly answers the question, indicating her favorite subject is English.5、 Listen to the short passage and fill in the blank.The passage is about the importance of_______in daily life.Answer: ExerciseExplanation: The passage discusses how exercise helps improve physical health, mental well-being, and overall quality of life. Thus, the missing word that completes the sentence is “Exercise.”6、 Listen to the dialogue and answer the question.Question: Where will the speakers go for lunch?A. To the school cafeteriaB. To a nearby restaurantC. To the student’s houseAnswer: BExplanation: In the dialogue, one of the speakers suggests, “Let’s try that new restaurant down the street for lunch today.” The other speaker agrees, indicating they will go to a nearby restaurant instead of the school cafeteria or the student’s house.7、 Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer.Question: What time does the train leave for Shanghai?A. 8:30 a.m.B. 9:30 a.m.C. 10:30 a.m.Answer: AExplanation: The dialogue states, “The train to Shanghai departs at 8:30 in the morning.” Therefore, the correct answer is A, 8:30 a.m.8、 Listen to the passage and fill in the blank.Question: The library is open from_______to_______every day.A. 9 a.m., 5 p.m.B. 8 a.m., 6 p.m.C. 7 a.m., 8 p.m.Answer: BExplanation: The passage mentions, “The library’s operating hours are from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. daily.” Hence, the correct answer is B, 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.9、 Listen to the announcement and decide whether the statement is true orfalse.Question: “The school sports meet has been postponed due to bad weather.”True or False:Answer: TrueExplanation: The announcement clearly states, “Attention all students and staff, due to inclement weather conditions, the school sports meet scheduled for today has been postponed.” Therefore, the statement is true.10、 Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question. •Question: What time does the train leave for Shanghai?•Options:•A)8:30 a.m.D)B)9:00 a.m.C)C)9:30 a.m.D)Answer: B) 9:00 a.m.E)Explanation: The speaker in the dialogue mentions, “The train to Shanghaileaves at 9:00 a.m. sharp.” This directly answers the question,indicating that the train departs at 9:00 a.m.11、Listen to the passage and fill in the blank with the missing information.•Passage: … The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous landmarks in the world. It was built to protect the country from invaders in ancienttimes. It stretches for thousands of kilometers, starting fromShanhaiguan in the east and ending at Jiayuguan in the west. It’s a symbol of Chinese culture and history.•Question: The Great Wall of China starts from_______in the east. •Blank: Shanhaiguan•Explanation: The passage states that the Great Wall starts from Shanhaiguan in the east, making “Shanhaiguan” the correct answer. 12、Listen to the conversation and choose the correct order of the activities mentioned.•Conversation: (Excerpt)•“First, we’ll visit the museum to learn about the history of the city.”•“After that, we’ll have lunch at the local restaurant.”•“In the afternoon, we’ll go for a hike in the nearby park.”•Question: What is the correct order of the activities?•Options:•A)Museum, hike, lunchE)B)Lunch, museum, hikeD)C)Museum, lunch, hikeF)Answer: C) Museum, lunch, hikeG)Explanation: The conversation clearly states that they will first visitthe museum, then have lunch, and finally go for a hike in the afternoon.This matches option C, which correctly lists the activities in their stated order.13、Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer.•Question: What time does the train leave for Shanghai?•Answer: A. At 8:30 am.•Explanation: The speaker in the dialogue clearly states, “The train to Shanghai leaves at 8:30 in the morning.” This matches option A.14、Listen to the short passage and answer the question.•Question: How many books did the speaker borrow from the library? •Answer: C. Five books.•Explanation: The passage mentions, “I borrowed five books from the library yesterday, including two novels and three textbooks.” This confirms that the speaker borrowed five books in total, aligning with option C.15、Listen to the news report and complete the missing information.•Question: What was the main topic of the news report?•Answer: B. The launch of a new environmental protection project. •Explanation: The news report focused on detailing the introduction and objectives of a newly launched environmental protection project. Key phrases like “green initiatives” and “reducing carbon footprint” were mentioned, pointing towards option B as the main topic.Listen to the recording and choose the correct answer to the question.Question: What is the man’s favorite subject?A. MathB. EnglishC. ScienceAnswer: BExplanation: In the recording, the man clearly states that his favorite subject is English. He mentions that he enjoys reading English books and practicing his speaking skills. Therefore, the correct answer is B, English.17、Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blank with the missing information. Dialogue:Student: Can you help me with my (blank) homework?Teacher: Sure, what seems to be the problem?Student’s response: I’m having trouble with the grammar part. Answer: EnglishExplanation: From the context of the dialogue, it can be inferred that the student is asking for help with a subject related to grammar. The teacher’s response also suggests that it’s likely English homework, as grammar is a key component of English language learning. Therefore, the missing information in the blank is “English.”Listen to the recording and answer the following question in a complete sentence.Question: What does the speaker suggest doing to improve listening skills? Answer: The speaker suggests listening to English podcasts and watching English TV shows regularly to improve listening skills.Explanation: In the recording, the speaker discusses various strategies for enhancing listening comprehension. Among them, they specifically mention the benefits of regularly consuming English-language media, such as podcasts and TV shows, as a means to expose oneself to the language and improve understanding over time.19、Question: Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to the question.What time does the woman suggest meeting for lunch?A. 12:30 p.m.B. 1:00 p.m.C. 1:30 p.m.Answer: AExplanation: In the conversation, the woman says, “How about meeting at 12:30 for lunch?” The man then agrees, confirming the time as 12:30 p.m.20、Question: Listen to the short passage and answer the question.What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of reading books.B. The history of libraries.C. The challenges of online reading.Answer: AExplanation: The passage discusses the various benefits of reading books, such as improving imagination, vocabulary, and empathy. It does not delve into the history of libraries or the challenges of online reading, making the main topic the benefits of reading books.二、阅读理解（30分）Title: A Day in the Life of an English Teacher in ShenzhenMrs. Wang is an English teacher at a middle school in Shenzhen, a bustling city in Guangdong Province, known for its rapid economic growth andinnovative spirit. Her day starts early, well before the first bell rings, as she prepares lessons that will inspire and challenge her students.As soon as the sun peeks through the horizon, Mrs. Wang arrives at school, her briefcase filled with carefully crafted lesson plans and materials.Today, she’s focusing on a unit about Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, determined to make the complex love story accessible and engaging for her teenage students.“Good morning, everyone!” she greets her class with a warm smile, her eyes shining with enthusiasm. After a quick review of yesterday’s lesson, she leads the class into a discussion about the play’s themes of love, sacrifice, and fate. She encourages her students to share their own thoughts and perspectives, fostering a culture of open-mindedness and critical thinking. Mrs. Wang knows that for many of her students, English is not their first language. So, she incorporates interactive activities like role-playing scenes from the play and group discussions to help them not only improve their language skills but also deepen their understanding of the literary work.As the morning progresses, she takes her students on a virtual tour of Verona, Italy, where the story takes place, using multimedia resources to bring the setting alive. This visual aid captivates the students’ attention and makes the learning experience more immersive.After lunch, Mrs. Wang schedules a reading club session where students can explore their interests in English literature beyond the curriculum. Some delve into contemporary novels, while others revisit classic tales. This voluntary activity encourages reading for pleasure and cultivates a lifelong love of books.Finally, as the school day draws to a close, Mrs. Wang gathers her students for a reflective moment. She invites them to share what they’ve learned today and how it connects to their lives. Her hope is that by the end ofthe day, every student leaves with a newfound appreciation for the beauty and power of language.Questions:1.What is the main subject of Mrs.Wang’s lesson today?•A) Math problems•B) Science experiments•C) Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet•D) Ancient historyAnswer: C) Shakespeare’s Romeo and JulietExplanation: The passage clearly states that Mrs. Wang is focusing on a unit about Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in today’s lesson.2.How does Mrs.Wang make the lesson engaging for her students who have Englishas a second language?•A) By giving them extra homework•B) By only lecturing and not allowing discussions•C) By incorporating interactive activities like role-playing and group discussions•D) By skipping over difficult parts of the playAnswer: C) By incorporating interactive activities like role-playing and group discussions Explanation: The passage mentions that Mrs. Wang incorporates interactive activities like role-playing scenes from the play and group discussions to help her students, many of whom have English as a second language, improve their language skills and deepen their understanding of the literary work.3.What is the purpose of the reading club session that Mrs.Wang schedules afterlunch?•A) To enforce discipline in the classroom•B) To catch up on unfinished assignments•C) To provide students with additional academic support•D) To encourage reading for pleasure and cultivate a lifelong love of books Answer: D) To encourage reading for pleasure and cultivate a lifelong love of booksExplanation: The passage states that the reading club session is designed to allow students to explore their interests in English literature beyond the curriculum, thereby encouraging reading for pleasure and cultivatinga lifelong love of books.三、完型填空（15分）Title: Preparing for the Shenzhen Middle School Entrance Exam in EnglishAs the day of the Shenzhen Middle School Entrance Exam in English draws near, students across the city are gearing up for the challenge. One of the most crucial sections in the exam is the Cloze Test, which not only tests your vocabulary but also your comprehension of the pas sage. Here’s a sample Cloze Test question to help you prepare:The art of (1)______ is a fascinating skill that can open doors to new worlds.Whether it’s through a book, a movie, or even a conversation with a stranger, reading allows us to (2)______ experiences and perspectives beyond our own.However, for many students preparing for the Shenzhen Middle School Entrance Exam, reading comprehension can be a daunting task.To excel in the Cloze Test, it’s essential to first (3)______ the overall meaning of the passage. Look for clues in the context, such as related words or phrases, to help you guess the meaning of unknown words. Additionally, paying attention to the structure of the sentence and understanding its grammatical function can also guide you towards the correct answer.For example, in this passage, if you come across a blank where the sentence reads, “The author uses vivid (4)______ to bring the characters to life,” you can infer that the missing word should describe the way the author portrays the characters. Likely candidates might be “descriptions,” “images,” or “words.” In this case, “descriptions” fits best, as it captures the essence of how an author can bring characters to life through detailed writing.Finally, remember that practice makes perfect. Regularly doing Cloze Test exercises will improve your speed and accuracy in identifying the most suitable words to fill in the blanks. As you prepare for the Shenzhen Middle School Entrance Exam, don’t forget to (5)______ the joy of reading and the knowledge it brings.Answers:1.reading2.experience3.understand4.descriptions5.savorExplanation:1.reading: The first blank refers to the skill of reading, which is the mainfocus of the passage.2.experience: The phrase “experience and perspectives” suggests thatreading enables us to encounter different experiences and viewpoints.3.understand: To excel in the Cloze Test, it’s crucial to first comprehendthe overall meaning of the passage.4.descriptions: Given the context, “vivid descriptions” is the mostsuitable phrase to describe how an author brings characters to life.5.savor: As you prepare for the exam, it’s important to enjoy the processand appreciate the joy of reading and learning. “Savor” captures this idea of cherishing and enjoying something fully.四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、—My father always_______to work by car.That’s why he is in good health.A. goesB. is goingC. wentD. has goneAnswer: AExplanation: 题干中的“always” 表示一个经常性的动作，因此需要使用一般现在时。
2024年重庆市育才中学教育集团中考一诊测试英语试卷
2024年重庆市育才中学教育集团中考一诊测试英语试卷2024 Chongqing Yucai Middle School Education GroupJunior High School Entrance Examination English Test PaperPart I Listening (20 points)Section A (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear five sentences. There will be a pause before each sentence. While listening to the sentence, read the options carefully and choose the one that best completes the sentence.1. A. she B. he C. I D. they2. A. go B. going C. goes D. went3. A. quickly B. quick C. quickness D. quickly4. A. welcomed B. welcoming C. welcomes D. welcome5. A. much B. many C. most D. moreSection B (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short conversation between two people. After the conversation, there will be apause. While listening, choose the best answer to each question or statement.6. Who is the man going to meet?A. His friend.B. His boss.C. His colleague.7. What is Sarah’s plan for the weekend?A. Go to the cinema.B. Rest at home.C. Go shopping.8. What does the man want to eat for dinner?A. Pizza.B. Chicken.C. Salad.9. Where is the woman’s hometown?A. Beijing.B. Shanghai.C. Chongqing.10. Why does the man like winter?A. Because he likes snow.B. Because he likes skiing.C. Because he likes cold weather.Section C (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. After the passage, there will be a pause. While listening, answer the following questions.11. How often does the man go to the swimming pool?12. What does the woman think of running?13. Where does the woman want to travel to?14. How long does the woman exercise every day?15. What is the woman’s favorite type of exercise?Section D (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear fivemini-conversations. Choose the best response to each question or statement.16. A. You're welcome.B. Thank you.C. Goodbye.17. A. I'm sorry to hear that.B. That's great news!C. You look beautiful.18. A. Yes, it is.B. No, it isn't.C. I'm not sure.19. A. They are in the living room.B. They are doing homework.C. They are playing outside.20. A. I'm busy right now.B. I'd love to.C. Sorry to hear that.Part II Reading (40 points) Section A (10 points)Directions: Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question.Today, water pollution has become a serious problem in many cities and towns around the world. It is mostly caused by human activities such as industrial waste, farming chemicals, and household garbage. All these harmful substances end up in rivers, lakes, and oceans, damaging water quality, killing aquatic life, and posing risks to human health.21. What has become a serious problem in many cities and towns?A. Air pollution.B. Soil pollution.C. Water pollution.22. What is the main cause of water pollution?A. Industrial waste.B. Natural disasters.C. Rainwater runoff.23. How do harmful substances end up in water?A. They are filtered out.B. They evaporate.C. They are dumped in rivers.24. What are the harmful effects of water pollution?A. Improved water quality.B. Increased aquatic life.C. Risks to human health.25. What is NOT mentioned as a contributing factor to water pollution?A. Factory emissions.B. Household garbage.C. Recycling programs.Section B (10 points)Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.The Internet has changed the way people communicate, shop, and work. It has also revolutionized the way we access information, entertain ourselves, and connect with others. However, with the rise of cyberbullying, fake news, and online scams, it is important to use the Internet responsibly and safely.26. How has the Internet changed the way people communicate?27. What are some of the negative aspects of the Internet mentioned in the passage?28. Why is it important to use the Internet responsibly?29. What can individuals do to protect themselves from online scams?30. How can parents help their children navigate the dangers of the Internet?Section C (10 points)Directions: Read the passage and complete the sentences with the correct words.Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22nd to raise awareness of environmental issues and promote the protection of our planet. It was first observed in 1970 and is now celebrated in over 190 countries. People around the world participate in Earth Day activities such as tree planting, waste cleanup, and energy conservation.31. Earth Day is celebrated on ______________.32. The first Earth Day was observed in ______________.33. Earth Day activities include tree planting, ______________, and energy conservation.34. Earth Day is celebrated in over ______________ countries.35. The purpose of Earth Day is to raise awareness of______________ issues.Section D (10 points)Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.Technology plays a crucial role in education by providing students with access to information, communication tools, and collaboration opportunities. From online learning platforms to interactive whiteboards, technology has the power to transform traditional teaching methods and create more engaging and personalized learning experiences for students.36. How does technology benefit students in education?37. What are some examples of technology used in education?38. Why is technology important in transforming traditional teaching methods?39. How can technology create more engaging learning experiences for students?40. What do you think the future of education will look like with the advancement of technology?Part III Writing (40 points)Directions: Write an essay of 200-300 words on the following topic.Technology has significantly impacted our lives in various ways, from communication to entertainment to education. Discuss how technology has changed the way we learn and the benefits and challenges of online education.In your essay, you should consider the following points:- How has technology changed the way we learn?- What are the benefits of online education?- What are the challenges of online education?Remember to organize your ideas clearly and support your argument with examples and evidence.---This is just a sample English test paper for the 2024 Chongqing Yucai Middle School Education Group Junior High School Entrance Examination. The test paper includes listening, reading, and writing sections to assess students' English language proficiency. Students are required to demonstrate their listening comprehension, reading comprehension, and writing skills in the test.。
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校： 学科： 班级： 姓名： 考号： 密 封 线 戴氏教育江安总校2013年中考测试题一、积累·运用（25分）1.古诗文名句填空。
（内容8分，书写2分，共10分）提示：（1）-（8）任选6小题完成（如果多选，则只选择所做答案的前6个作为评分依据），（9）-（10）小题必做。
请将答案用正楷字体规范地填写在相应的方格内或横线上。
（1）子曰：“由，诲女知之乎！ ， ，是知也。
”（《论语·为政》） （2） ，浅草才能没马蹄。
（白居易《钱塘湖春行》） （3）余独爱莲之出淤泥而不染， 。
（周敦颐《爱莲说》） （4）感时花溅泪， 。
（杜甫《春望》） （5）但愿人长久， 。
（苏轼《水调歌头》）（6）野芳发而幽香， ，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。
（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》） （7） ，化作春泥更护花。
（龚自珍《己亥杂诗》） （8）海内存知己， 。
（王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》）（9）星汉灿烂的中国诗歌，有许多有妙理哲思的诗句，这些诗句如一把把智慧的钥匙，开启我们的人生之门。
你能仿示例写出两句上下相连的富有人生哲理的古诗名句吗？（课内外均可） 示例：欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。
（10）李白《送孟浩然之广陵》诗中“孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流”将离别的景与情表达得淋漓尽致。
岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》诗中“ ， ”有异曲同工之妙。
2.下列各句加点字注音全部正确的一项是（2分）（ ） A.荒谬（mi ù） 汲取（x ī） 桑梓（z ǐ） 开门揖盗（y ī）B.谰言（l án ） 羁绊（p àn ） 驯服（x ùn ） 驯服（x ùn ） 栉风沐雨（zh ì）C.聒噪（gu ō） 对称（ch ēn ） 创可贴（chu āng ） 螳臂当车（d ǎng ）D.执拗（ni ù） 平仄（z â） 剽悍（pi āo ） 噤若寒蝉（j ìn ） 3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语恰当的一组是（2分）（ ）张岱出身官宦之家，生活在明清易代之际，随着国破家亡，江山易主，他那优游闲适的生活也彻底结束了。
巨大的生活反差， 给作者造成了生活和精神的痛苦，但也让他更细致深刻地 人生，从而成就了《陶庵忆梦》。
《陶庵忆梦》不是 ，拼凑成文，而是咀嚼生活，隽永成文；亦不是洋洋洒洒，长篇大论，而是寥寥数语，画龙点睛。
A.诚然 品位 断章取义B.固然 品味 寻章摘句C.固然 品位 寻章摘句D.固然 品味 断章取义 4.下列句子没有语病的一项是（2分）（ ）A.教师应该始终以民主的师生关系熏陶学生，并通过系统的课程教学提高学生的知识、意识和实践能力。
B.为了避免溺水伤亡事故不再发生，学校切实加大了安全教育力度，做到警钟长鸣，防患于未然。
C.屈原的形象体现了中华民族的性格，他的高风亮节、刚直不阿都表明他是民族灵魂的化身。
D.李老师的课不仅让在后排观摩的老师们受益匪浅，而且牢牢地吸引了全班学生。
5.品读《伊索寓言》中的《马和驴》，完成以下题目。
（5分）马和驴某人有一匹马和一头驴。
在途中，驴对马说：“你如果就我一命，分担一点我的负担。
”马不听。
驴筋疲力尽，倒下死了。
主人把所有的货物，连同那张驴皮，都放在马背上。
马哭着说：“真倒霉！我怎嘛这样不幸？我不肯分担一点负担，却驮上了这全部的货物，还加上这张皮！”（1）填空：《伊索寓言》往往篇幅短小而寓意深刻，特别是动物寓言部分广泛采用 的修辞手法，表现动物各自的特性，刻画栩栩如生，给人深刻印象。
（1分）（2）请概括寓言《马和驴》的寓意。
（2分）（3）《伊索寓言》是世界文学史上流传最广的寓言故事集之一，深受各国人民尤其是青少年的喜爱。
请你谈谈从某则《伊索寓言》中得到的启示。
（2分）6.请阅读下面的文字，按要求回答问题。
（4分）2010年度国家监测语料库提取了新词500条。
继2009年“被××”“楼××”“××门”“××族”广为流传之后，2010年“××姐”“××哥”“××帝”“××体”以及由“微博”衍生出的“微××”特别活跃。
如“微博控”们运用“微博体”写“微小说”，看“微喜剧”，读“微新闻”，进行“微访”。
网络时代改变了传统的大众传播模式，人们走进了一个不再设有严格意义的“把关人”的“自媒体”时代，“人人都成了语言创造者，都成了‘造词家’”。
新词语从没有像今天这样活泼。
同时，各种传媒通过热字、热词、流行语来盘点一年的重大社会生活的做法也愈演愈烈。
2010年11月10日，“给力”一词在《人民日报》头版头条标题中使用，引发舆论震撼。
（1）请给以上材料拟写一个标题： （2分）校： 学科： 班级： 姓名： 考号： 密 封 线 （2）依据以上信息，结合现实生活，谈谈你对文中所涉现象的认识。
（2分）二、阅读·理解（45分）（一）阅读下文，完成7-11题。
（17分）古宅的命运 吴志轩①凡事盛极必衰，物极必反，古宅似乎也是如此。
②如今在江西婺（w ù）源，老宅不下千座，其命运不外如下几种：善之善者，挂上某级重点文物保护单位或名人故居的牌子，一般都由政府花钱修缮，富丽堂皇，傲然屹立；次者，后人将古宅修旧如新或如旧，改造成客栈，一年也有不错的收益；又次者，如今尚有后人居住，因时间久远，人口繁衍，一栋宅子里住七八户人家，古宅显出破败景象，可败的东西也基本都败光了；更次者，主人搬进新家，任由老宅荒废，或是将可卖的卖掉，只留下门头和围墙，内中破败不堪，甚至夷为平地。
在这些老宅当中，前两者是幸运的，后两者则只能慨叹命途多舛了。
③这些宅子的价值在哪里？毫无疑问，建筑美学是重要的，包括结构、材料、雕刻乃至风水等。
因此很多外地人将古宅买了去，另择地址复原，以此装点门庭。
但我却对此感到一种悲哀。
④宅子是有生命力的。
在婺源感觉最舒服、最充实的就是坐在老宅里，听主人讲家族的故事、老宅的历史，那时你会觉得这个宅子是有生命的，会呼吸的，是可以和人交流的。
从中我们可以体会到沧桑、厚重、智慧、豁达、宁静、和谐等诸多情感。
所以，古宅的价值绝不仅仅在于建筑美，更重要的是依附于人、依附于地方的人文之美！⑤古宅代表的是中国传统乡土社会中严谨、雅致、诗意、和谐的生活方式和生活艺术。
我们可以想象在这些古宅里，曾经有过“日出而作，日入而息”的淳朴生活；曾经有过“故人具鸡黍，邀我至田家”的融洽交往；曾经有过“ ， ”的雅集文会；曾经有过“梨花院落溶溶月，柳絮池塘淡淡风”的闲情逸致；也曾经有过“ ， ”的家国忧思……⑥弄清楚了古宅的价值所在，该如何对其进行保护、传承和发展便容易思考了。
倘有意于此，可将古宅或租或买，然后改造，维持其原有风貌，但在使用功能上要注重生活舒适性和文化体验感。
除卧室外，大部分面积可以作为书房、茶室、禅室、棋室等，如有院落，还可建一座琴台，可以弹古琴，阅金经，也是一处好所在。
⑦有可能的话，还可以延请古宅的主人，对客人讲讲这座宅子和这个家族的故事——这样的故事很多，可以让我们看到传统中国走向现代中国的足迹。
尽管这只是如恒河沙数的家族的一个，但却同样深深地打上了“中国”的烙印。
⑧相信沿着这条路走下去，古宅的未来会更加美好，我们的未来也会更加美好。
从这个方面说，古宅是具有极高价值的，它的保护、传承和发展，其契机便在于此。
⑨希望古宅不再背井离乡，更不要轰然坍塌。
因为，它们代表着中国传统文化，代表着中国人的理想生活，更代表着那些迷茫焦虑无奈的芸芸众生的精神家园。
（节选自《中国青年报》）7.在第⑤段空格处，可以用刘禹锡《陋室铭》中“ ， ”来表现读书人雅集文会的特点；可以用范仲淹《岳阳楼记》中“ ， ”来体现家国忧思的内涵。
（2分）8.作者在第③段中说“我对此感到一种悲哀”，请指明“此”的具体含义。
（2分）9.文中多次提到古宅的“价值”，请结合文意，分条概括“价值”的具体内容。
（4分）10.请仔细阅读第④段，作者认为“宅子是有生命力的”，古宅的“生命力”体现在哪些方面？请概括作答。
（4分）11.作者关注古宅命运，认为古宅代表着中国人的理想生活，从全文来看作者认为的“理想生活”是怎样的？你心中的理想生活又是怎样的？（4分）（二）阅读下文，完成12-15题。
（13分） 学会生存①多年前，中日学生夏令营事件闹得沸沸扬扬。
报道说，相对日本学生出色的独立生活能力和坚韧品质，中国学生显得有些无知与软弱，他们似乎不懂得如何在陌生而艰苦的环境下求得生存。
这种状况时刻提醒我们：为担负起建设祖国的重任，必须学会生存。
校： 学科： 班级： 姓名： 考号： 密 封 线 ②生存，就是生活，学会生存就是延续生命。
丰衣足食并不是上天的恩赐，而是通过辛勤劳动获得的。
随着社会的进步，当今社会的生存含义已扩展到适应社会的需要，在竞争激烈的社会中取得生存发展的机会。
这样一来，学会生存的重要性就不言而喻了。
③学会生存意味着拥有理想，满怀希望地迎接生命的挑战。
可以说，生存的理想就是为理想而生存，为实现理想而奋斗的过程就是人生价值体现的过程。
人们常常用“重于泰山，轻于鸿毛”来形象比喻生存的意义，而这实际上都是由理想决定的。
有了崇高的理想，才会懂得生存的重要，才能具备学会生存的决心和动力。
④学会生存意味着尽力实干。
将求生存变为会生存，需要的正是实干。
俄国作家克雷洛夫曾说过：“现实是此岸，理想是彼岸，中间有湍急的河水，行动则是架在河上的桥梁。
”仅仅树立理想而没有行动，只不过是一位“空想家”，终究一事无成；只有通过自己的不断努力，积极行动，才能梦想成真。
⑤如果说理想是生存的思想基础，实干是生存的根本途径，那么，经受磨难就是生存的必由之路。
众所周知：生存的道路布满荆棘，坎坷不平，在重重磨难面前倘若胆怯退缩，轻言放弃，便失去了生存的机会；倘若毫不气馁，迎难而上，便能化险为夷，成为真正意义上学会生存的强者。
古往今来，一个个生动的事例流传了下来，纪念勇者，激励后人。
大禹治水，愚公移山，为生存不惜历经千难万险，终成正果；拜伦天生跛脚，贝多芬中年失聪，他们都为事业不顾身体残疾，奋斗终生，铸造辉煌……正是这些坚强的人用一曲曲千古传唱的生命之歌告诉我们：学会生存意味着要经受磨难。
⑥历史已经步入21世纪，学会生存就需要学会更多的知识和技能。
处优胜劣汰的社会，适者才能够生存。
12.阅读第①段，作者是怎样提出中心论点“学会生存”的？（3分）13.结合文意，分条陈述学会生存的重要意义。
（3分）14.作者引用克雷洛夫的话有什么作用，请谈谈你的理解。
（3分）15.作者认为，学会生存，意味着拥有理想，意味着尽力实干，意味着经受磨难。