当代英国社会与文化10

The Catholic and Protestant Churches



Power and authority of the Pope as head of the Church in setting rules of moral conduct Emphasis on rituals Education of children into the faith Importance of Virgin Mary
Church Going (excerpts)
Philip Larkin (1922-1985)
… Bored, uninformed, knowing the ghostly silt Dispersed, yet tending to this cross of ground Through suburb scrub because it held unspilt So long and equably since is found Only in separation-marriage, and birth, And deaths, and thoughts of these-for whom was built This special shell? For, though I‟ve no idea What this accoutered frowsty barn is worth, It pleases me to stand in silence here
The Church of England
p240-242, p251-252



Historical background Relation to the Protestant Differences from the Catholic churches Why a double compromise? Function of a local church „High Church‟ and „Low Church‟? Its future?
历史和时间、一种对死亡前景的不安情绪和一种闪烁不定的 人类希望之光被融合成一个新的整体。 安德鲁· 桑德斯
Religion (Christianity): major facts




A critical role in history: introduced by the Roman conquerors (Roman Catholic), spread in the Anglo-Saxon times, the dark ages, 1534, Henry Ⅷ, establishment of the Anglican, the English Reformation, a compromise in between, political association, against the Catholic, then Protestant; 1689, freedom of religion Close relationship with the monarchy: the king or queen as the head of the Church of England Two Established Churches: the Church of England（the Anglican Church), the Presbyterian Church of Scotland (长老会教) Three major unestablished churches: a. the Anglican Churches (英国圣公会): Ireland, Scotland, Wales/ b. the Free Churches- the Non-Conformist, the Methodist, the Baptist, the Congregational Church, the Salvation Army, the Protestant (Martin Luther, John Calvin) , the Puritan, the Quakers/ c. the Roman Catholic Church Church activities and secularisation The ecumenical Movement Decline in quantity and influence
St Paul’s Cathedral & Westminster Abbey
The Canterbury Cathedral
Local churches

A parish

A Church wedding
Church attending
Confucianism: Nine standards by which to administer



More individualistic attitude Importance of individual conscience in relationship to God Less formal services of worship
The founding fathers and the Exodus
the empire, its states, and the family




Cultivating the personal life Honoring the worthy Being affectionate to relatives Being respectful toward the great ministers Identifying oneself with the welfare of the whole body of officers Treating the common people as one‟s own children Attracting the various artisans Showing tenderness to strangers from far countries Extending kindly and awesome influence on the feudal lords
Preview: ChapteWhat is a welfare state? P263 History of the welfare system p263-264, p273-274 (2, Section B) The Beveridge Report p264, p283 A brief look: the present welfare system p266-272. Focus: Health (NHS, GP?) Reading: “New Labour and the modernization of welfare” p278-279




The period of the Patriarchs The Book of Genesis – Judaism – Abraham 1750 BC – a covenant (testament) between God and Abraham and his people (Hebrews) Jacob‟s wrestling with a divine stranger ( an angel) – got the name Israel , “he who strives with God” – Jacob‟s descendants Israelites Exodus, a formative event in Jewish history (13th BC) , the promised land (roughly the land of modern Israel During the Exodus God renewed his covenant by giving the Law of Mount Sinai - the Ten Commandments
Chapter 10



Why is the chapter entitled “Beliefs” instead of “Religions”? P239, p250 (the quotation) The Christian religion in Britain p240-242 Discussion: (Exercise 1, Section B p249), with reference to Confucianism. The Ten Commandments p247-248 When was the church of England established? p251 Differences between the Catholic and Anglican churches? P240-241 The functions of a local church? P251-252 The Church of England: p251-252 A hymn p253-254
Church Going (excerpts)
-continued
A serious house on serious earth it is, In whose blent air all our compulsions meet, Are recognized, and robed as destinies. And that much never can be obsolete, Since someone will forever be surprising A hunger in himself to be more serious, And gravitating with it to this ground, Which, he once heard, was proper to grow wise in, If only that so many dead lie round.