英国文学课件2
英国文学2-1课件
6. in 1770 The Deserted Village appeared; 7.The History of England was published in 1771. 8. In 1773 he produced with great success his other drama, She Stoops to Conquer. 9. His last works were The Retaliation, 10.The History of Greece, 11. Animated Nature, all published in 1774.
English Literature 2
Henry Fielding
The Structure of Chapter 7
Life Experience Main Works Features Achievements
Life Experience: 1707-1754 Novelist, dramatist, essayist, a political pamphleteer, manager of a theatre, editor of four newspaper.
His Major Works
The School for Scandal
It is a sharp satire on the moral degeneracy of the aristocratic bourgeois society in the eighteenth-century England.
He wrote his last novel, The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker, published in 1771, shortly before his death.
英国文学Lecture 2 (乔叟)
5) In 1359-1360, went to France with Edward III's army during the Hundred Years' War (13371453). 6) Got married in 1366 7) Went abroad several times for diplomatic and commercial missions. 8) especially in Italy, he met Boccaccio and Petrarch in 137273, much influenced by the Italian humanists, such as Dante.
When in April the sweet showers fall And pierce the drought of March to the root and all The vein are bathed in liquor of such power As brings about the engendering of the flower; When also Zephyrus with his sweet breath, Exhales an air in every grove and heath, Upon the tender shoots, and the young sun His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run, And the small fowl are making melody That sleep away the night with open eye (So Nature pricks them and their heart engages) Then people long to go on pilgrimage (modern translation)
英国文学选读unit2
Unit2 William Shakespeare (I564-1616)
Hamlet Romeo and Juliet Sonnet 18
William Shakespeare (1564—1616)
• We don’t know much about Shakespeare because very few facts of his life have been preserved. The facts of his life mainly came from three sources: church and legal records, folk traditions, and the comments of his contemporaries. From these facts we piece together his life. • William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon in Warwickshire. His father, John Shakespeare, was a well-to-do merchant and leading citizen in the town. • There is no official record of Shakespeare’s schooling, but it is widely believed that he attended the local grammar school and read widely. • In 1582, Shakespeare, aged eighteen and half, married Anne Hathaway, a farmer’s uneducated daughter, who was eight years older than Shakespeare.
英国文学ppt
Lord George Gordon Byron (1788-1824) was as famous in his lifetime for his personality cult as for his poetry. He created the concept of the 'Byronic hero' - a defiant, melancholy young man, brooding on some mysterious, unforgivable event in his past. Byron's influence on European poetry, music, novel, opera, and painting has been immense, although the poet was widely codemned on moral grounds by his conntemporaries.
Christopher "Kit" Marlowe (baptised 26 February 1564 – 30 May 1593) was an English Christopher "Kit" Marlowe dramatist, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. The foremost Elizabethan tragedian next to William Shakespeare, he is known for his magnificent blank verse, his overreaching protagonists, and his own mysterious and untimely death.
英国文学Lecture 2.ppt
The Canterbury Tales
• Chaucer’s masterpiece, one of the most famous works Байду номын сангаасn all literature
• Summary: A group of pilgrims, including knights, religious people, philosopher, shipman, ploughman etc., gathered at an Inn and are on their way to Canterbury. The jolly innkeeper becomes their “governor” and proposes that each pilgrim should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two more on the way back.
Lecture 2 Geoffrey Chaucer
(1340?~1400)
“Father of English Poetry”
• Geoffrey Chaucer was one of the greatest narrative poets of England.
• As a transitional poet, his work reflected the age with the feudal system had already begun to crumble, the Catholic Church was going downward, and a significant social change was around the corner.
英国文学2
• • • • • •
Wives are young men’s mistresses, companions for middle age, and old men’s nurses. 2 Of Marriage and Single Life. Men in great place are thrice servants,—servants of the sovereign or state, servants of fame, and servants of business. Of Great Place. The desire of power in excess caused the angels to fall; the desire of knowledge in excess caused man to fall. 3 Of Goodness.
2. renaissance Shakespeare Bacon
Assignment for group 2
• No.1---introduce the historical background and literature background of renaissance • No.2---introduce as many as possible the famous writers and their masterpieces in this period • No.3---introduce Bacon the author’s life and main works. Find out the most famous sentences in OF STUDIES. • No.4---introduce Shakespeare, his life and masterpieces, show a part of his movie.
lecture 2英国文学
Lecture 2 English & American Literature◆Old and Medieval English Literature（8th century—14th century）中古英国文学1.Old English ---language spoken by the Anglo-Saxons, which is the foundation of Englishlanguage and literature.2.Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》—the most impressive long poem (3000 lines). A heroic Scandinavianepic legend. Pagan heroism. 异教英雄主义3.Prose WritersVenerable Bede 比德—Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum英吉利人教会史Alfred the Great 阿尔弗烈德大帝—father of English ProseAnglo-Saxon Chronicle盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史4. Romances传奇故事---the prevailing form of literature in the Middle ages. A longcomposition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero.The Gawain poet –Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》5.Geoffrey Chaucer (杰弗里.乔叟)The father of modern English poetryThe 14th century is called ―Age of Chaucer‖His works:The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》—a collection of stories told by pilgrims. It is influenced by Boccaccio’s Decameron (薄伽丘的《十日谈》)英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》The House of Fame《声誉之堂》Troilus and Criseyde《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》6.William Langland (威廉.兰格伦)The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》—in the form of dream vision7.The 15th Ballads 民歌，民谣The Robin Hood Ballads 罗宾汉民谣集8.Thomas Malory 托马斯.马洛里–Morte d’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》◆The Renaissance Period (14th century- Mid 17th century) 文艺复兴时期1.Renaissance—originated in Italy. Humanism became the keynote of this period.2.The real main stream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama.3.English poetsa)Thomas Wyatt 怀亚特The most interesting poet of the first half of 16th centuryb)Henry Howard 亨利.霍华德c)Sir Philip Sidney 菲利普.雪尼爵士i.Arcadia 阿卡狄亚ii.Astrophel and Stella阿斯特罗菲尔与斯特拉iii.Defense of Poetry为诗辩护d)Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙. 斯宾塞The poets’ poetHis worksThe Faerie Queen《仙后》—the glory of the Queen Elizabeth, in the form ofallegory 《寓言》The Shepherd Calendar《牧羊人日志》Spenserian Stanza 斯宾塞诗体—a nine-line verse stanza (ababbcbcc)4.English prose1)Thomas More 莫尔–Utopia乌托邦2)John Lyly 约翰.黎里—Euphuism 夸饰文体（abundant use of balanced sentences,alliterations, and other artificial prosodic means; the use of odd similes and comparisons）3)Francis Bacon培根the trumpeter of a new age (in the transition from late Middle Ages to modern Europe)England’s first essayistHis essays: Of Studies, Of Travel, Of Wisdom5.English dramaChristopher Marlowe 马洛The greatest playwright before Shakespeare and the most gifted of the ―University Wits‖His play: The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》First made blank verse the principle instrument of English drama.6.William Shakespeare 莎士比亚Born in Stratford-on-Avon in 1564His comedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》The Twelfth Night《第十二夜》His tragedies:Romeo and JulietHamlet—To be or not to be; the summit of ShakespeareOthelloKing LearMacbethThe TempestHis historical plays:Henry IVHenry VOne of the founders of realism in English literatureHis sonnets7.Ben Johnson 本.琼森The most important dramatist of many successors of ShakespeareV olpone《狐狸》—satirical comedy◆17世纪英国文学1.literature of the Revolution Period (Age of Milton)—the main literary form is poetry1)The Metaphysical poets 玄学派诗人John Donne 约翰.多恩—the founder of the Metaphysical SchoolHis masterpiece: A Valediction: Forbiding Mourning《临别辞：莫悲伤》 George Herbert 乔治.赫伯特—the ―saint of the Metaphysical School‖2)The Cavalier poets（骑士）3)John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿Paradise Lost—the greatest English epic 《失乐园》God & SatanSamson Agonistes《力士参孙》Paradise Regained《复乐园》4)John Bunyan 约翰.班扬The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》Known for his simple and lively prose style2.literature of the Restoration Period (Age of Dryden)John Dryden 约翰.德莱顿the founder of the heroic couplet 英雄史诗式两行诗England’s poet laureate 英国桂冠诗人The representative of English classicism◆18世纪英国文学1.the main literary stream of this century was Realism2.Enlightenment启蒙运动—the intellectual movement through Western Europe; the struggleof the bourgeoisie against feudalism3.Neo-Classicim in English literature 新古典主义1）writers of this school: Addison, Steel, and Pope2）important writers and literary worksAlexander Pope亚历山大.蒲伯An Essay on Criticism《论批评》The Rape of the Lock 《夺发记》Essay on Man《论人类》Richard SteeleThe periodicals The Tattler《闲谈者报》(the founder) and The Spectator《旁观者报》—Steel and Addison’s chief contributionSamuel Johnson—grand champion in literature of that ageThe Dictionary of the English Language 《英语字典》The Lives of English Poets《诗人传》4.English Novelists of Realistic Tradition1）Daniel Defoe丹尼尔.笛福The discoverer of the modern novel“Father of English and European novels.‖Robinson Cruisoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》—represent the rising of the English bourgeoisie2）Jonathan Swift乔纳森.斯威夫特A Modest Proposal《一个小小的建议》Gulliver’s Travels《格利佛游记》—travel to the island of Liliput, Brobdingnagians and Houyhnhnms3）Henry Fielding亨利.菲尔丁The greatest novelist of the 18th centuryThe founder of English realistic novelsThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundling《弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事》—Mr.Allworthy4）Tobias George Smollett 托比亚斯.斯摩莱特.乔治（以冒险小说著称）5.English Novelists of Sentimental Tradition1）Samuel Richardson 塞缪尔.理查森2）Laurence Sterne 劳伦斯.斯特恩The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy《项狄传》3）Oliver Goldsmith 奥利弗.戈德史密斯The Deserted Village—his poem 《荒村》The Vicar of Wakefield 《威克菲尔德的牧师》6.Poetry of the Pre-Romanticism and Sentimentalism1）Romanticism2）Sentimentalism 感情主义3）Important writersJames Thomson詹姆斯. 汤姆森-- The Seasons《季节》Edward Young 爱德华.杨William Collins 威廉.柯林斯His best known ode is Ode to Evening《晚颂》Thomas Gray 格雷.托马斯Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard《墓园挽歌》4）William Blake 威廉.布莱克浪漫主义诗人Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》Songs of Experience《经验之歌》5）Robert Burns 罗伯特.彭斯A Red, Red Rose《红红的玫瑰》Auld Lang Syne《旧日美好时光》The greatest songwriter in the worldThe people’s poet, the national poet of Scotland7.DramaRichard Brinsley Sheridan 谢立丹The greatest playwright of the centuryThe Rivals《情敌》The School for Scandal《造谣学校》a comedy◆浪漫主义时期文学Romanticism1.General introduction (1798—1832)The publication of Lyrical Ballads marked the beginningthe death of the last romantic writer Walter Scott marked the endit is the age of poetryWordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats2.Romantic poets of the First Generation1）William Wordsworth 华兹华斯―Poet Laureate‖桂冠诗人Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》the joint work of Wordsworth and ColeridgeBest-known poems in Lyrical Ballads: Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey《丁登寺旁》，Lines Written in Early Spring《早春》Other famous poems: I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 《我似流云天自游》&The Solitary Reaper《孤独的麦女》Famous longer poem : The Prelude《序曲》2）Samuel Taylor ColeridgeThe Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》Kubla Khan 《忽必烈汗》Christabel 《克里斯特贝尔》3）Lakers or Lake Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Robert Southey（骚赛）3.Romantic Poets of the Second Generation1）George Gorden Byron拜伦Lyrical poems:She Walks in Beauty《她走在美的光影里》When We Two Parted《昔日依依别》Hebrew Melodies《希伯莱歌曲》Long poems:Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德.哈罗尔德游记》Don Juan《唐璜》masterpiece2）Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱Prometheus Unbound 《解放了的普罗米修斯》masterpieceHis odes: Ode to the West Wind 《西风颂》—If Winter comes, can spring be far behind?To a Skylark 《云雀颂》3）John Keats济慈Ode is his main form of poetryOde to a Nightingale 《夜莺颂》Ode on a Grecian Urn 希腊古瓮颂》Ode to Autumn 《秋颂》4.Prose writers of the Romantic Age1）Charles Lamb 兰姆Tales from Shakespeare《莎士比亚故事集》Old China《古旧的瓷器》His striking feature is humor2）William Hazlitt 哈兹利特The Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays《莎士比亚戏剧中的人物》Lectures on the Dramatic Literature of the Age of Queen Elizabeth《伊丽莎白时期的戏剧》Lectures on the English Poets《英国诗人》all the above are critical worksHis essays: My First Acquaintance with Poets《我与诗人的第一次接触》& On Goinga Journey《论出游》5.English Fiction in the Romantic Age1）Walter Scott 司各特Waverley 《威弗利》Rob Roy《罗布.罗伊》Ivanhoe《艾.凡赫》His death marked the transition from Romanticism to Realism2）Jane Austen 奥斯丁The first English woman novelistPride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》Emma《爱玛》◆维多利亚时期文学1. General introduction1）a new literary trend—Critical Realism2）the main form—novels (Charles Dickens)3.Critical Realist novelists in Victorian Age1)Charles Dickens 狄更斯The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传;Oliver Twist奥利弗·退斯特《雾都孤儿》;American Notes美国札记Martin Chuzzlewit马丁·朱述尔维特;The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店;Dombey and Son董贝父子;David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔;Hard Times艰难时世;A Tale of Two Cities双城记;Great Expectatio n远大前程2)William Makepeace Thackeray 萨克雷Vanity Fai r名利场The title of the novel is taken from Bunyan’s Pilgrim Progress 3）The Bronte Sisters 勃朗特姐妹a)Charles Bronte 夏洛蒂.勃朗特Jane Eyre简爱Shirley雪丽b)Emily Bronte 艾米丽. 勃朗特Wuthering Height呼啸山庄c)Anne Bronte 安妮. 勃朗特Agones Gre y艾格尼斯·格雷4）(Mrs.) Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell盖斯凯尔Mary Barton玛丽·巴顿—his masterpieceRuth露斯;Cranford克兰弗德;North and South北与南;Life of Charlote Bronte夏洛蒂勃郎特传5）George Eliot爱略特, 女作家Adam Bede亚当·贝德;The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊；Silas Marne r织工马南6）Thomas Hardy哈代His novels –Wessex novelsUnder the Greenwood Tree绿茵下;Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣;The Return of the Native还乡;The Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特桥市长;Tess of the D’urbervilles德伯家的苔丝;Jude the Obscure无名的裘德7）Samuel Butler勃特勒The Way of All Flesh如此人生《众生之路》4.Victorian poetry—Alfred Tennyson and Robert Browning are the representatives1）Alfred Tennyson丁尼生—the greatest poet in this periodThe Pricess 公主;In Memoriam H H 悼念哈拉姆;Maud 莫德;Enoch Arden 伊诺克·阿登;Idylls of the King 国王之歌名诗：Ulysses;Break,Break,Break拍岸曲2）Robert Browning 勃朗宁Men and Women男男女女His main works: My Last Duchess我的前公爵夫人Meeting at Night夜间相会His contribution to poetry: his dramatic monologue5.Victorian prose1）Thomas Carlyle卡莱尔The French Revolutio n; 法国革命Heroes and Hero-worship论英雄与英雄崇拜2）John Ruskin 罗斯金作家和艺术批评家Modern Painters《近代画家》The Seven Lamps of Architecture《建筑的七盏明灯》Unto this Last《给那后来的》Sesame and Lilies《芝麻与百合》3）Matthew Arnold 阿诺德Dover Beach《多弗尔海滩》6.Working Class Literature in the 19th century1）Ernest Jones 琼斯—the greatest of the Chartist poets宪章派诗人2）William Morris莫里斯Novels: A Dream of John Ball梦见给翰·保尔;News from Nowhere乌有乡消息Poems: The Earthly Paradise地上乐园; Pilgrims of Hop e希望的探求者7.Literary Trend at the end of the 19th century1）Important termsa)Naturalism 自然主义–to develop out of realism; greatly influenced by Darwin’sbiological theories; Emile Zola 左拉（法）& George Gissing（吉辛）are therepresentativesb)New-romanticism 新浪漫主义–be against the idea that life reflects life reality.Stevensen史蒂文森is the representativec)Aestheticism 唯美主义—art is self-sufficient and has no reference to lifed)Decadence 颓废派文艺—the opposition of the democratic and socialist ideals. ―Artfor art’s sake‖Oscar Wilde is the representative2）Important writersOscar Wilde王尔德The Picture of Dorian Gray道林·格雷的画像a typical decadent novelThe Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子—童话◆现代时期英国文学1.John Galworthy高尔斯华绥The winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1932His masterpiece-- The Forsyte Saga福赛特家史（The Man of Property有产业的人;In Chancery骑虎难下;To Let出租）2.George Bernard Shaw萧伯纳The greatest dramatist in English literature in the 20th centuryWidoer’s Houses鳏夫的房产;Mrs Warren’s Profession华伦夫人的职业The Devil’s Disciple魔鬼的门徒;Man and Superman人与超人;Major Barbara巴巴拉少校;Pygmalion 皮革马利翁（卖花女）;Heartbreak House伤心之家;The Apple Cart苹果车3.William. Bulter Yeats叶芝Byzantium驶向拜占庭The Second Coming基督再临Leda and the Swan丽达及天鹅He won the Nobel Prize in 19234.Thomas Stearns Eliot艾略特The Waste Land荒原Ash-Wednesday圣灰星期三Four Quartets四个四重奏A merican--British5.David Herbert Lawrence劳伦斯T he White Peacock白孔雀;Sons and Lovers儿子与情人—semi-autographical;The Reinbow虹;Women in Love恋爱中的妇女;Lady Chatterley’s Love r查泰莱夫人的情人6.James Joyce乔伊斯Dubiners都柏林人长篇小说：A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的画像;Ulysess尤利西斯;Finnegans Wak e芬尼根的觉醒The stream of consciousness7.Virginia Woolf沃尔芙Mrs Dalloway达洛威夫人To the Lighthouse到灯塔去The Waves浪Orlando奥兰多传A Room of One’s Own自己的房间;Three Guineas三个基尼亚—classics of thefeminist movement 女权运动8.William Golding戈尔丁Lord of the Flies蝇王9.Robert Tressell 屈赛尔The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists《穿着破裤子的慈善家》10.John James Osborne 詹姆斯奥斯本Look Back in Anger愤怒的回顾11.Samuel Beckett 贝克特Waiting for Godot等待戈多。
英国文学课(2).ppt wenxue
Her Life
• She grew up at the family home at Hyde Park Gate. • Julia Jackson Duckworth, her mother, died from a bout of influenza, when Virginia was in her early teens. She never had a close relationship with her mother. "Can I remember?" she once asked, "being alone with her for more than a few minutes." • Leslie Stephen, her father, suffered a slow death from stomach cancer, he died in 1904.
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• 3. Though the new literature was varied but had little worth or value. • 4. There are many romances about Arthur --- the king of England and chief of Knights of the Round Table in the legend, not a true king. • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is one among them.
• 2. The Consequence of Norman Conquest: • The Norman Conquest brought England more than a change of rulers.
• 1) Politically, • a feudalist system was established in England.
• b. the elements of suspense and surprise as the story unfolds itself. • c. the psychological analysis of the chief character Sir Gawain as he encounters one strange event after another.
• d. the elaborate descriptions of the seasons as well as the places and the things witnessed by the hero in the course of his adventures • e. the simple, straightforward language employed.
• 4) Economically. • England began to develop a steady trade relation with the European Continent.
II. The Literature:
• 1. The literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure, in marked contrast with the strength and Anglosomberness of Anglo-Saxon poetry. • 2. English literature is a combination of French and Saxon elements because of the formation of new English language.
AngloUnit 2 The Anglo-Norman Period
(1066 - 1350)
I. Background:
• • 1. Norman Conquest: In the year 1066, at the battle of Hastings, the Normans headed by William, duke of Normandy, defeated Anglothe Anglo-Saxons and began the AngloAnglo-Norman period.
• 2) Religiously, • the Rome-backed Catholic Church had Romea much stronger control over the country.
• 3) Culturally, • A. Great change also took place in languages. After the conquest, three colanguages co-existed in England:
• 3) Culturally, • B. The conquest opened up England to the whole European continent so that with the introduction of the culture and literature of France, Italy and other European countries a fresh wave of Mediterranean civilization came into England.
• 2. The artistic merits: • The romance gives the readers an wellinteresting well-told tale, vested in beautiful poetry and containing many artistic merits: • a. careful interweaving of one episode with another.
• a. Old English was spoken only by the common English people; • b. French became the official language; • c. Latin was used in church affairs by the clergymen and by scholars in u
• a. supernatural and superstition in the poem show the limitation of the age. • b. the heroic adventures were carried out rather for adventure’s sake than any truly adventure s worthy course and falls short of a poem like “Beowulf where the heroic deeds were Beowulf” Beowulf performed to help his people out of distress.
III. Close reading of Sir Gawain
and the Green Knight
• Read the story in the textbook • And then have a discussion of its theme.
• 1. The theme of the poem: • • a. the test of faith • b. the human weakness for selfselfpreservation