汉英翻译讲义第2部分

第三章词语的翻译

3.1 词的指称意义(denotation)和蕴涵意义(connotation)的理解与表达

A) 翻译下列句子，注意句中划线部分词语指称意义和蕴涵意义的表达

1. 他两岁就学会看表了。He could _________________ even when he was two.

2. 我能看出你在想什么。I can __________ your mind.

3. 你要是觉得这东西还看的过去，就买下来吧。If you think ________________________, then buy it.

4. 他看出了她的破绽。He ____________ her weak points.

5. 那是万万不行的。That’s _________________ out of the question.

6. 我万万没有想到。The idea ____________ occurred to me.

7. 党员应该虚心倾听群众的意见。A party member should listen carefully to the______________of the masses.

8. 他们对这项计划提出了修改意见。They made some___________________ for the revision of the plan.

9. 大家对你很有意见。People have a lot of ____________________ about you.

10.他们就推举谁做下届总统侯选人取得了一致意见。

They have reached ___________________ on who will be the presidential candidate for the next general election.

11.他们在会上闹起了意见.They got into _____________________ at the meeting.

12.两位领导人就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。

The two leaders exchanged __________________on bilateral relations and issues of common concern.

13. 那件大衣的面子很漂亮。_________________________ of the coat is very beautiful.

14. 如果怕丢面子，就说不好英语。

If one is afraid of ________________________________, he cannot expect to speak English well.

15. 我是个爱面子的人，这种事我可做不出。I would not do such a thing---I’m _______________________________.

16. 不是我不买你的面子，实在是这事儿不好办。

I have shown _____________________________________, but there is really nothing I can do for you.

I’d like to ________________________________________, but there is really nothing I can do for you.

17. 南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。

The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to __________________________ by gong to the kitchen on the third day and _________ a fish, _____________ stands for fortune.

18. 他是我父亲。这姑娘是漂亮。此人是书就读。

He _____ my father. This girl is ______beautiful. This man reads _________________________.

是古非今是可忍，孰不可忍。________ the past to condemn the present. ___________ can be tolerated, what cannot?

B) 请判断下列汉语成语的蕴涵意义与英文的equivalent是否相符

1. 打草惊蛇——to alert the enemy by accidental events before carrying out the planned attack to beat about the bush-----try to say sth indirectly(旁敲侧击）

2. 亡羊补牢——to repair the stable after a sheep is gone, still in time to avoid further losses

to lock the stable after the horse has been stolen---贼走关门，为时已晚

3. 骨鲠在喉——to have an opinion that one cannot suppress

to have a bone in one’s throat-----to avoid making one’s opinion known

4. 同舟共济——to cooperate and help each other in order to overcome a difficulty

to be in the same boat-----to be in the same difficult situation or danger

5. 怒发冲冠——bristle with anger; to be in violent anger; fly into a rage

to have one’s hair stand on end-----frighten sb; to fill one with horror or fright

6. 翻天覆地——earth-shaking; epoch-making

to move heaven and earth-----do one’s utmost

7. 洗手不干——( of a thief. etc) to stop doing wrong and reform oneself

to wash one’s hand of sb/sth-----to refuse to take any more responsibility for sb/sth

8. 扯后腿——to hinder; to be a hindrance to sb

to pull somebody’s leg-----make fun of sb

C) 请选择最合适的表达来翻译各句中的“心”。

Heart mind brain intention wish popularity feeling 必要时可更改单复数形式

1. 心有余而力不足One’s ability falls short of one’s________________.

2. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。I will always bear your advice in_________________.

3. 如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。You’ll hurt her___________________ if you forget her birthday.

4. 居心叵测To nurse evil _____________________

5. 得人心者得天下Those who gain______________________ among the people will gain the power.

6. 劳心者治人，劳力者治于人。Those who work with ___________ rule and those who with their brawn are ruled.

7. 哀莫大于心死The greatest despair comes from a devastated ______________.

3.2 词语英译与语言语境

1. 我在学校读书的时候，有所谓的“强迫运动”，我踢破过几双球鞋，打断过几只球拍。因此侥幸维持下来最低的体力。

In my school days, ________________________the so-called “________________ physical exercises”, I went in for many sports ___________________ many pairs of sneakers and rackets, thus luckily building up a minimum of good physique.

2. 身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep____________, study________, and work_________.

3.《天下第一鼓------陕北安塞腰鼓》

译文1：No. 1 Drum in the World, Ansai Waist Drum of Northern Shannxi

译文2：The Majestic Ansai Waist Drum Dance of Northern Shaanxi

4. 布衣素食

译文1：wear clothes of cotton and eat vegetables 译文2：wear___________clothes and eat _______________ food