东西方文化 阅读答案
中西文化的阅读理解及答案

中西文化的阅读理解及答案有关中西文化的阅读理解及答案与西方文化和西方价值观相比,中华文化和中华价值观更强调社会和谐、以和为贵,追求和而不同。
春秋时期的史伯提出“和实生物,同则不继”,形成了中华文化“和而不同”的思怒。
“和”所具有的和谐的意义,在我国文明发展早期就有了。
《尚书·舜典》记载,帝舜命其乐官通过诗歌音乐了达到“八音克谐,无相夺伦,神人以和”,这说明我国古人已了解音乐促进和谐的作用,体现了早期智者对宇宙和谐的向往。
我国古人反复以声乐之和比喻世界各种事物之间的和谐,从而成为一种普遮追求。
如《左传》中说:“八年之中,九合诸侯,如乐之和,无所不谐。
”可见,我国古人将音乐的和谐作为处理人与人、人与社会、族群与族群、人与天地等关系的模型,对“和”的追求塑造了中华文明的思维方式、价值取向。
这一思怒对儒家也产生了重要影响。
儒家经典《礼记·乐记》说:“乐者,天地之和也;礼者,天地之序也。
和,故百物皆化;序,故群物皆别。
”这表明,人类的和谐在根本上来源于天地的和谐,即自然的和谐。
和谐是一切事物的生成原理,没有和谐就没有万物化生,和谐的实现有着深刻的宇宙论根源。
宋代哲学家张载曾说,“有象斯有对,对必反其为;有反斯有仇,仇必和而解”,强调从对立到和谐不仅是天地的法则,也是社会、人生中具有普遮意义的原理。
把追求永久和谐作为对待外部世界的态度,在中华文化和中华价值观中同样源远流长。
《尚书·尧典》提出:“克明俊德,以亲九族。
九族既睦,平章百性。
百姓昭明,协和万邦。
”以后,“协和万邦”便成为中华世界观的典范。
类似的说法还有“以和邦国,以统百官,以谐万民”(《周礼·天官冢宰》)。
孔子把“和”作为同外部世界交往的原则,提出“‘柔远能迩,以定我王’,平之以和也”。
构建一个和平共处的世界,是中华文明几千年来持续不断的理想。
人与自然的和谐统一,汉代以后被表达为“天人合一”,成为中华文化的价值理怨。
微专题1:现代文阅读Ⅰ第6题 第2课 学案

二轮复习阅读理解分析概括能力高阶思维训练(现代文阅读Ⅰ+现代文阅读Ⅱ+文言文阅读+古诗鉴赏+语言文字运语段压缩)阅读理解概括能力高阶思维微训练微专题1:现代文阅读Ⅰ第6题第2课(导学案)“情境+问题”三种题型分类讲解第二课:材料型,利用信息类的文本观点,来解读题目情境中的新材料【认识题型1·文外材料→文内观点新高考选择题3】新高考选择题3新题型。
【2022年新高考语文Ⅰ卷第3题解析】(原题上一节课已做)3.下列选项,最适合作为论据来支撑材料一观点的一项是(C)(3分)A.韩愈《答刘正夫书》:“或问为文宜何师?必谨对曰:宜师古圣贤人。
”B.晚清洋务派人物冯桂芬提出:“以中国之伦常名教为原本,辅以诸国富强之术。
”C.鲁迅《文化偏至论》:“外之既不后于世界之思潮,内之仍弗失固有之血脉。
”D.季羡林认为:“东西方文化的相互关系是‘三十年河西,三十年河东’。
”【借鉴价值】选项题3还是沿用文本内推断文本外的命题模式。
解答这道题要抓住关键点——材料观点;难点在于对选项内容的理解,选项有时涉及古诗文的阅读理解,读懂选项内容也是解题关键。
有了观点做支撑,再来对比分析选项内容,选取最合适或不合适的一项,也就不难。
【详细解析】材料一观点:第一段总体上说是中华传统文化要继承与创新,第二段是说中华传统文化由民族性走向世界性。
材料一的总体是论述中华传统文化的民族性继承与新时代创新。
A.韩愈强调“师古”,只有传承的一面,没有发展和创新的一面。
B.洋务派人物冯桂芬提出了立足中国之本,辅以外国富强之术。
虽然也有对本国的继承与创新,也有对外国的学习与借鉴,但洋务派强调更多有是政治体制和科技发展。
与材料中所言的中华传统文化主题不甚相合。
C.鲁迅所论是“文化”,与材料论述主题契合。
“外之既不后于世界之思潮,内之仍弗失固有之血脉”,就是指对内不失传统,对外不失吸收,跟上世界潮流。
D.三十年河西,三十年河东:由于黄河河床较高,泥沙淤积严重,河道不固定,经常泛滥成灾。
2019人教版高中英语必修一Unit1 拓展阅读专项训练(一)

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 拓展阅读专项训练(一)刷阅读理解体裁:应用文题材:介绍说明词数:278 难度:中建议用时:6分钟Khotyn FortressBuilt in the 13th-14th century, it lies on the bank of the Dniester River in Khotyn, of western Ukraine. It is also in the historical northern Bessarabia region which was split in 1940 between Ukraine and Moldova. And it is near to the Old Kam’yanets Castle of Kamianets-Podilskyi, which was also used as a famous defensive structure. It is convenient to book the hotels nearby it at low prices, such as Premier Club, Reikartz Kamianets-Podilsky and so on.Kamianets Podilski CastleIt lies in the Khmelnytsky region, Ukraine. This architectural treasure is about 800 years old. Its architecture which unites best western and eastern traditions fits into the nature perfectly. The castle consists of minaret buildings a town hall, an Orthodox church and a Polish Catholic church. Its beauty has been attracting tourists from all over the world for many years.Ⅴorontsoy PalaceIt is an historic palace lying at the foot of the Crimean Mountains near the town of Alupka in Crimea. It is one of the oldest and largest palaces in Crimea, and one of the most popular tourist attractions on Crimea’s southern coast. The construction of the palace began in the early nineteenth century, according to a project by English architect Edward Blore and it was supposed to be the palace for Prince Mikhail Semyonovich V orontsov to spend summer.The Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian metropolitansIt was built between the years 1864—1882 according to the designs of the Czech architect Josef Hlavka. The Residence, whose buildings are now part of Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.1. What can we know about Khotyn Fortress?A. It served as defence work.B. It is open to the public for free.C. It is the oldest building in Ukraine.D. It was divided into two parts in 1940.2. Which has the shortest history?A. The Kamianets Podilski Castle.B. The Khotyn Fortress.C. The V orontsov Palace.D. The Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans.3. From which is the text probably taken?A. A travel magazine.B. A science brochure.C. A research paper on history.D. A geography textbook.刷7选5体裁:说明文题材:社会文化词数:251难度:难建议用时:7分钟Different CulturesThe cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. 1The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers—the Yellow River in China and the Indus river in India. 2When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilisation. This civilisation later on developed into the cultures of ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. 3 Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t distinguish from the European culture a lot.4 Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference count as well. but what’s more, due tothe far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other.The differences are everywhere. 5 But different cultures make the world of the 21st century more colourful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilisation of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.A. Let us work together to keep a variety of culture.B. One important thing is to learn about other cultures.C. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture.D. At the same time. some other differences add to the cultural differences.E. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the wholeF. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.G. They are obvious and affect people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world.答案:刷阅读理解【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了几处著名的城堡、宫殿和市民区。
《中国是世界四大文明古国之一》阅读题及答案

《中国是世界四大文明古国之一》阅读题及答案(一)论述类文本阅读(9分)阅读以下的文字,完成1-3题。
中国是世界四大文明古国之一。
世界不能没有中国,世界史不能没有中国史。
但一个不容回避的事实是,中国学者写的世界史都不包括中国史,苏联学者写《世界通史》中国部分要委托中国学者来写,这都说明中国史在世界史中的地位与现在的研究状况很不相称。
其实,中国历史传统就是天下国,有“中央”有“四裔“四裔”并无自大、歧视“外化”,而是局限于交通条件,凡与中国通,都包罗在内。
中国正史都不乏对四夷单独列传的记栽,《史记》就是写世界史,实质上中国史从来是既有中外之分,又有“天下一家”的理想。
从考古学上看,中国古文化是土生土长的,又是在与周边民族文化交流中发展的。
而考古学文化区系类型的建立和中国文明起源讨论的深入,把中国历史与世界历史的'关系引向一个全新的认识,这就是“世界的中国考古学”的提出。
我们早在考古学文化区系类型形成过程中,就把中国考古学文化的六大区系分为面向海洋的三大块和面向欧亚大陆的三大块。
提出“世界的中国考古学”,一方面把区系观点扩大为“世界的”观点,从世界的角度认识中国,一方面也用区系观点看世界。
中国传统史学有四裔和华夏之别,如从区系的中国和区系的世界观点看,四裔正是中国的两大块和世界的两大块,即旧大陆和环太平洋这两大块的衔接点和桥梁,四裔地区古文化在中国与世界的比较及相互关系中占据更突出的地位。
20世纪后半段(二战以后)世界考古学的大发展已表明,东西方古代文明的发展是大体同步的。
东西方从氏族到国家的转折大致都在距今6000年前;彩陶的产生,由红陶、彩陶为主发展为以灰、黑陶为主的文化现象的出现也大体同步。
世界三大古文明中心一一西亚北非、中国为代表的东亚、中南美,经历过类似的从氏族到国家,而国家又经历过从古国到帝国的不同发展阶段。
世界文明发展阶段的大致同步,发展道路有相近的一面,以及彼此的相互交流都表明,世界文明发展具有“一元性”。
初中语文议论文阅读专题训练真题汇编(含答案)

初中语文议论文阅读专题训练真题汇编(含答案)一、中考语文议论文阅读专题训练1.阅读下面的文字,完成下列小题。
文化自信是更基础、更广泛、更深厚的自信,是更基本、更深沉、更持久的力量。
中华文化源远流长、递代积累,正是其内在的文化精神让中华民族生生不息,巍然屹立于世界东方。
实践表明,有文化自信的民族才能精神抖擞地走向未来、那么,如何才能真正树立文化自信?树立文化自信要以知晓自身的文化家底为基础。
中国地大物博,各区域都有自己的文化特色和文化底蕴,需要我们去认真了解、摸清家底。
只有知晓中华文化是如此丰富多彩、博大精深,我们的文化自信才会更有底气。
从一定意义上说,现在我们关于中华文化的知识系统,只是建立在已经发现、知晓的文化遗产基础之上的,还有很多文化遗产未被发现。
比如,甲骨文和简帛作为重要文化遗产,虽然已经发现和收集了不少,但还有埋在地下、尚未被发掘的。
现在,我们对思想史的认识主要依据的是历代思想家留存的著作,但民间也留存。
有不少思想史的材料如家规族训,它们呈现了思想史的另外一面,需要深入挖掘。
还有一些少数民族的文化遗产,也需要我们去深入挖掘。
如云南发现的彝族文字的旧抄本《董永记》,对于研究彝族孝的伦理具有一定的意义。
类似的文化遗产还有很多,需要我们深入挖掘。
只有做好文化挖掘工作,中华文化的丰富性才能得到充分彰显,我们才能更具文化自信。
当下很多地方都非常重视对本地区传统文化的挖掘,出版了不少丛书、全集等。
但是,对这些传统文化的研究还是不够。
又如,对于已经发现的甲骨文和简帛,需要对其文宇进行深入解读。
清华简被发现之后,不少学者都在持续不断地识读其文字,虽然已经取得很大进展,但还有一些更难的文字需要识读。
可见,树立文化自信,需要沉下心来研究我们的文化。
只有对中华优秀传统文化进行深入研究之后,才能更好树立文化自信。
(有删改,摘编自朱万曙《让文化自信具有更坚实基础》)(1)下列对文章的理解和分析,不正确的一项是()A.文章首段先对文化自信进行解说,然后指出文化自信对中华民族的重要性。
中国南北文化差异阅读练习及答案

中国南北文化差异阅读练习及答案《中国南北文化差异》阅读材料中国南北文化差异南北文化的差异,除却山水造化的影响外,更多是与历史上两种文化的多次交融和碰撞有关。
解读南北文化的过程,其实也是追寻文化之根的过程。
秦汉以来,南北的大一统,更多只是政治上的意义,就文化和经济层面的交流而言,南北其实是割裂的,当时中国的政治、文化、经济中心均在北方,南方在北方人眼里还只是一片“地广人稀、火耕水耨”的蛮荒之地。
到了三国时期,北人袁淮还说:“吴楚之民脆弱寡能,英才大贤不出其土,比技量力,不足与中国相抗。
”所谓中国,犹言中原,指黄河流域。
因为政治角力的结果是三国鼎立,这才使得蜀国致力开发西南,吴国用心经营江东,南方这才得到有序、有规模的开发,经济和文化才得以长足发展。
此后南方土地也才有了接纳三次大规模北人南迁的民族大迁徙的基础,南方也逐渐完成了“北化”后从蛮荒之地向经济和文化高度发达的中心蜕变。
第一次是永嘉丧乱后的衣冠南渡,大约百分之八十的北人移居南方,剩下的北人与大批涌入的胡人杂居。
第二次是唐时安史之乱及黄巢之乱,又有大批北人逃亡南方。
而北方再次由外来民族建立多个王朝,“五代”中有三个为沙陀人的朝代。
南方则占去“十国”中除北汉外的九国。
第三次则是北宋灭亡之际,这一民族迁徙达到高潮,从而使南人北人的比例达成了大幅逆转。
汉时北人比南人为8:2,南宋时则反过来为2:8。
大量的中原士庶南移,为南方带来了先进的技术、工具及熟练的劳动力,刺激了南方的经济增长,提高了南方的文化发展水平;而北方因为屡次战争,则遭受到严重的破坏。
以安史之乱为例,当时是“三川北虏乱如麻,四海南奔似永嘉”(李白),此后南方的经济文化水平便凌驾北方之上。
汉时还是“关中之地,于天下三分之一,然量其富,什居其六”(《史记货殖列传》),而到了唐后期,已经是“今赋出天下,江南居十九”(韩愈)。
与之相应,全国的政治中心也便由秦汉时期的关中,经过洛阳,而一步步东移。
2020年中考英语题型集训 阅读理解04 中西文化

阅读理解(四) 中西文化A[2019·贵阳]Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world.Most travellers enjoy meeting new people, but sometimes you can be rude withoutsaying anything. In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway, and if you’retravelling in Thailand, never touch people’s heads or point your feet at people.When the Japanese meet new people, they like giving business cards—but you should read the card carefully, not just put it in your pocket.In most countries in Europe people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them, but in many Asian countries a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in South America people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space. Also, it’s rude to interrupt Japanese people while they are talking to you. You must wait until they finish before you start speaking.In restaurants in China you can leave a bit of food on your plate; it’s OKto start smoking before other people finish eating, which you mustn’t do in theUK. When in India, remember to eat with your right hand. Also avoid leaving emptybottles on the dinner table in Russia—that’s bad luck.When you’re travelling in Asia, if someone invites you to his or her home, don’t forget to take off your shoes when you arrive. And if you visit an Arab family’s home, don’t admire anything valuable because your host will feel he should give it to you as a present.With so much to think about, it’s not surprising that many people prefer going on holiday in their own countries—or you might just decide to stay at home!1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?( )A.We can admire anything valuable in an Arab family’s home.B.In China, people cannot smoke before other people finish eating.C.In Russia, it’s impolite to shake hands with people in a doorway.2.What does the underlined word “interrupt” mean in Chinese?( )A.跟随B.打断C.附和3.What is the correct order of the subheadings (小标题) from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 5?( )①Eating out②In the home③Body language④Face-to-face communicationA.②③④①B.④①②③C.③④①②4.What does the writer want to tell us?( )A.Practice makes perfect.B.Where there is a will, there is a way.C.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.5.What is the best title for the passage?( )A.Culture ShockB.Table MannersC.Public RulesB[2020·原创]Sundays in New York can be very pleasant. That’s not to say that Sundays in other American cities are not pleasant, but New Yorkers feel that their Sundays are special.Since Saturday nights are traditionally party nights, Sunday mornings are traditionally mornings of rest, which means having a long sleep. We call it sleeping in or sleeping late, and staying in bed until 9,10 or even 11 o’clock is not unusual. Then jump out of bed, hastily pull on clothes, run to the nearest corner newsstand, buy The New York Times or Daily News(or both), return home, put some classical music or popular songs on the record player, take off your clothes and climb right back into bed to leisurely read the paper.One of the nicest traditions is breakfast in bed. The Times and News are very fat newspapers on Sundays so there is a lot to read while one drinks orange juice and coffee, lying in bed.If the weather is bad you might immediately turn to the Entertainment Section of the paper to see what movies are on. Sunday afternoons are a popular time for seeing a film, but movies are expensive in New York (as much as $5.00) so choosing takes time and care. Read the movie reviews to discover what the critics think. No one wants to make an expensive mistake…nor does anyone want to stand in line for a long time which is very possible if the movie is new and gets good reviews.So if you’re not sure about a movie, look at the museum listings to see what exhibitions are in town. Some museums are free, but others are not.But if the weather is good you might glance through the section which lists outdoor activities. Almost every Sunday in the springtime residential neighborhoods request permission from the Police Department to close off streets for “street fairs”. There will be food for sale made by local residents or restaurants; handicrafts for sale; music provided by a local band (often high school kids); and perhaps dancing. If the fair is in Little Italy, you can expect to find tasty Italian food. If the fair is in Chinatown, you can expect to find egg rolls, music played on the erhu and dragon dances.1.On Sundays New Yorkers usually get up at .( )A.5-6 o’clockB.7-9 o’clockC.9-11 o’clockD.11-13 o’clock2.The underlined word “fat” in Paragraph 3 has the similar meaning with .( )A.with a lot of fleshrgeC.tallD.heavy3.Most New Yorkers do the following after getting up on Sundays except .( )A.buying The New York Times or Daily News(or both)B.putting some classical music or popular songs on the record playerC.climbing right back into bed to read the paperD.taking off clothes to go to bed again4.Most of the people in New York are fond of going to the movies .( )A.in the early morningB.in the late morningC.in the afternoonD.in the evening5.You can do all the following in the fair in Chinatown on Sundays except .( )A.tasting Italian foodB.eating egg rollsC.listening to music played on the erhuD.watching dragon dancesC[2019·荆门]In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. And western hosts sometimes look rude(粗鲁的) in the eyes of Chinese guests. It is because the guest-host relationship in China is quite different from that in some western countries.In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese friend’s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the host’s way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest.My wife’s mother, a very kind Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually, I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that.In most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you should ask, “Is it OK if I smoke?” But don’t be surprised if they say, “No, you can’t smoke.” In my culture, if you smoke in their house, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their house, they are not rude hosts.In a word, no matter where you are, the best way to be a good guest is to adapt to(适应) the habits of your hosts.1.When a western guest visits a Chinese family, he often . ( )A.buys some fruitB.brings a cup of teaC.smokesD.feels like a god2.What will the writer probably say if a guest wants to smoke in his house? ( )A.Let’s smoke together.B.Sorry, you can’t smoke here.C.Smoking is a bad habit.D.It’s OK if you smoke here.3.What can be learned from the passage? ( )A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.B.Where there is a will, there is a way.C.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.D.Actions speak louder than words.4.What is the best title of the passage? ( )A.The Best HostsB.The Best GuestsC.Different Cultures in Different CountriesD.Different Guest-host Relationships in Different Cultures【参考答案】A[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文。
四年级国测语文模拟试题2022长沙市天心区

四年级国测语文模拟试题2022长沙市天心区一、名句名篇默写(6分)1.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。
(1)虽体解吾犹未改兮,____________?(屈原《古诗》)(2)____________,桃李罗堂前。
(陶渊明《归园田居》)(3)闾阎扑地,____________。
(王勃《滕王阁序》)(4)____________,此时无声胜有声。
(白居易《琵琶行》)(5)艰辛接踵而来起至一经,____________________。
(文天祥《过零丁洋》)(6)____________________,不知口体之奉不若人也。
(宋濂《送东阳马生序》)答案(1)岂余心之可惩(2)榆柳荫后檐(3)钟鸣鼎食之家(4)别存有幽愁暗恨生(5)干戈寥落四周星(6)以中蕨科肿足乐者二、语言文字运用(17分)2.写作下面的文字,顺利完成后面的题目。
(2分后)动画片何以越来越成人化?何以越来越充斥“儿童不宜”的情节和语言?这固然有粗制________(làn)造、制作不严谨的原因,说到底还是为利是图思想主导下的逐利冲动,催生出重经济利益、轻社会效应的“票房观”,这也是社会责任感缺失的体现。
(1)根据括号内的拼音核对恰当的汉字。
(1分后)(2)文中有一个错别字,请指出并加以改正。
(1分)请问:答案(1)公田(2)“为”改成“唯”解析第(1)题要求考生正确书写汉字,避免写错字、别字。
第(2)题是对字形的考查,考生平时应注重常见易错字形的积累。
3.写作下面的文字,顺利完成后面题目。
(6分后)十年前刚刚来到福州的时候,高大的合欢树衬着的光禄坊,飘着葱肉饼香味的安民巷,因鱼丸而闻名的塔巷口,还有南后街坎坷的路面和满街寿衣、花圈铺子,就是我对这个城中最大明清民居群落的全部印象。
十年间,它先是蛰伏残破,继而却又忽然被予以格外的宠眷。
将近一两年去,每次寒暑假回家,都看见它又崭新甩一个模样。
连片仿古砖木小楼出来了,低挂着串串艳红灯笼,路面也刷上平坦石板,三坊七巷的牌坊都焕然一新,其中的扩建____①____(xiūshàn)工作更不曾停在过。
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如何对待中西方文化,纠缠着近当代知识分子的头脑和步伐。
我们什么时候才真正具备现代文明世界一员的自信,强壮得既不怕自己的传统,也不怕外来的文化,对两者都泰然处之呢?百年中国的主题是富强。
为求富强,人们到西方寻找真理。
但人们把真理仅仅当作了工具,对于任何精神事物唯求其功用而忽视其本身的价值。
因此,百年来,无论怎样引进西学和检讨传统,国人对于作为西学核心的精神之神圣价值和学术之独立品格的观念依然陌生,中国文化的实用传统依然根深蒂固。
在我看来,如果在这方面不能醒悟,中国人的精神素质便永远不会有根本的改观,中国也就永远出不了世界级的文化巨人。
无论东西方,自古以来都有圣哲及后继者思考着人类某些具有永久性的根本问题,他们的思想对于一切民族一切时代的人都会有启示意义。
西方的先觉者在反省中常常注意到了东方传统的长处,正表明了他们的立足点不是狭隘的民族性,而是人类性。
我们看待中西方文化的关系,需要有一种平常心,有一种不假思索就喜欢和接纳一切好东西的健康本能。
在此前提下,才能用一种开阔的人类眼光来看待东西方文化之异同。
一切关于东西方文化之优劣的谈论都是非文化、伪文化性质的。
民族文化与其说是一个文化概念,不如说是一个政治概念。
在我眼里,无论东方还是西方,文化中最有价值的东西必定是共通的,在本质上是没有国籍的,是属于全人类的。
既不相信全盘西化,也不相信儒学复兴,并且也不相信可以人为地造就一种东西合璧普遍适用的新文化新人生观。
因而,当务之急不是制订救世的方案,而是启迪自救的觉悟,不是建立统一的价值体系,而是鼓励多元精神价值的真诚追求。
常常听人叹息:中国为什么出不了大思想家?什么时候我们才有自己的世界级大思想家?我答道:难道这很重要吗?按照国别选择思想家的人,真正看重的不是思想,而是民族的虚荣。
人们常常又叹息:中国为何产生不了大哲学家?据我看,原因很可能在于我们的文化传统的实用品格,对纯粹的精神性事业不重视、不支持。
一切伟大的精神创造的前提是把精神价值本身看得至高无上。
真正的学术应该是:把玩国故,能通宇宙之至妙,人生之精髓,启迪天下人心扉;治理西学,能体悟和理解。
创新而不靠移花接木,搬弄新术语,首先要在学术上有根,然后才能开出自己的花朵。
(摘自周国平《东西方文化》,有删节)5.下列关于东西方文化的表述,符合原文意思的一项是A.西方文化的核心追求是精神之神圣价值和学术之独立品格,中国文化追求实用,不具备独立品格,也不注重精神价值。
B.东西方文化,对于一切民族一切时代的人都会有启示意义,并且具有永久性和人类性。
C.东西方文化之间没有优劣之分,其中最有价值的东西必定是共通的,也是整个人类共有的。
D.如何对待东西方文化,一直以来都困绕着中国的知识分子,因此,中国在世界文明中显得不自信。
6.下列表述不符合原文意思的一项是A.中国人的精神素质要得到根本改观,中国要出现世界级的文化巨人,就必须认识到中国文化的实用传统的弊端。
B.中国文化对纯粹的精神事业不重视,不支持,因而中国产生不了大的哲学家,实现不了精神创造。
C.真正的学术应该立足本民族,研究世界和人生,启发全人类;研究西方文化,要体悟理解,不搬弄术语。
D.在对待和研究中西方文化时,固守或否定传统文化,全盘吸收或排斥西方文化的思想和行为都是不对的。
7.下列对文章有关内容的理解和分析,不正确的一项是A.西方先贤关注东方文化,是因为东方文化也关注了人类永久性的问题,人类的才是世界的。
B.作者认为,应该追求多元精神价值,吸纳一切优秀的东西,启迪自救的觉悟,用不着建立统一的价值体系。
C.对待东西方文化的异同,不要大惊小怪,要有平常心,要有开阔的眼光,不要简单谈论东西方文化的优劣。
D.人为地将东西方文化结合在一起创造出新文化,在作者看来是不可能的,只有坚持自己民族的文化,才会有自己的成果。
阅读练习试题出处:2015资阳三模语文试题及答案参考答案5.C(A.不具备独立品格,也不注重精神价值错,无中生有。
B.原文是文化中最有价值的东西必定是共通的,在本质上是没有国籍的,是属于全人类的,扩大了概念外延。
D.答非所问;一直以来错,原文是近当代;强加因果。
)6.B (原文为原因很可能在于我们的文化传统的实用品格。
)7.B(建立统一的价值体系只是不是
当务之急。
)。