(完整版)高中英语必修3第一单元知识点汇总

顶点王牌英语必修3讲义IUnit 1 Festivals around the world1. mean 的用法1). mean doing sth. “意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词2). mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事”，主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，过去完成式表示“本来打算做某事”3). mean sb. to do sth. “打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句, “表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示……”5). be meant for “打算给予；打算作……用”In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. to be waiting2. take place 发生；举行(不能用于被动语态中!)①The performance didn’t take place after all. 演出终于没有进行②Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？与place相关短语：in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点in the last place 最后in one’s place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想in place 放在原来的位置，就位in place of 代替，用……而不用……take one’s place 找替某人接替某人的位置3. of all kinds 各种各样的all kinds of 各种各样的the same kind of 相同种类的different kinds of 不同种类的this/that kind of 这（那）种a kind of 某种That kind of question is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer. We sell all kinds of shoes.= We sell shoes of all kinds.③You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo.= You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo. 你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物用动词的适当形式填空①Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.②This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.4. starve v. 挨饿; 饿死He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃5. plenty n. 富裕days/years/...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月如：You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about?plenty pron. 大量; 充足plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词, 用于陈述句如: You needn’t hurry. There is plenty of time left. 你不必慌忙, 剩下的时间很充足Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy. 每天多运动会使你身体健康6. 1) satisfy vt. 满足,使…满意; satisfy sb. satisfied a. 感到满意的; be satisfied with satisfying a. 令人愉快的satisfaction n. 满意; to one’s satisfactionsatisfactorily ad. 满意地satisfactory a. 令人满意的She bought a satisfactory computer—it’s cheap and of high q uality.辨析satisfactory, satisfied, satisfyingsatisfactory 指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令人满意, 主语一般用客体satisfied指主体对事物或表现感到满意, 主语是主体(人)如: She is satisfied with the service. 她对该项服务感到满意satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快, 主语是不定式. 常用于句型: It’s satisfying to do sth. 做...使人满意如:It’s satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting. 得知儿子找到工作,令他非常高兴hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的区别与用法hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上, 感情上的伤害如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident.那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失如:He injured his hand while playing basketball.他在打篮球时手受了伤damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。

如: Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了wound 指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。

如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿7.origin n. 起源；源头如：the origins of the life on earth 地球上生命的起源in memory of/ to the memory of sb. 纪念某人例句：The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.8. dress作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句词或代词, 意思是“给…穿衣服”。

当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：Wake up children and dressthem. 唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in. 如：Harry up and get dressed. 快点穿上衣服。

The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。

dress up是“打扮,化装”，如: You should dress up when you take part in the party.She is ___ in red today and looks very beautiful.wearing B. having on C. dressing D. Dressed9. award. n. 奖, 奖品v. 判给, 授予award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物辨析: award 和reward:award后接双宾语如: award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章reward 奖赏, 酬谢, 不能接双宾语。

reward sb. for sth. 因…奖赏某人reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人例句：She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.10. admire v. 意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”注意: 表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.”例句：We all admire him for his courage and bravery. 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识11. look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号12. as though和as if没有什么区别。

as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气(1) 引导方式状语从句She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时, 可以把主语和to be一起省去He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四处张望, 好像寻找什么(2) 引导表语从句It looks as if it’s going to rain看样子天要下雨as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气，根据具体情况而定。

如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人13. have fun 过得快乐= have a good time, enjoy oneself. 短语有have fun ( in ) doing sth.14. But she didn’t turn up.1) 来, 出席(某活动) I’m very happy you turned up so early.2) 把(收音机等)音量开大一些, 反义词turn down. 如Turn up the radio a little, I can scarcely hear the program.turn down 拒绝turn off 关掉turn on 打开turn out 结果是..... turn to sb. for help 向某人求助15. keep one’s word 守信用，反义词是break one’s word 失信注意：keep one’s word和break one’s word中的名词word不能用复数形式！in a word/in short/to be short 简言之；总之have a word with sb. 与某人谈话have words with sb. 与某人发生口角in other words 换句话说16. obvious adj.1) obvious+ to + 表示人的名词或代词如：Her disappointment was obvious to her friend.2) It + be + obvious +that-clause 显而易见,一目了然如：It was obvious that she was in danger.辨析：obvious/apparent/clearobvious 是三者中程度最强的，含有“一目了然”之意。