Effects of the turbulent ISM on radio observations of quasars

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美国文学史——精选推荐

Abstract: America's history of literature began with the swarming in of immigrants with different background and cultures. After that, American literature had been greatly influenced by the European culture for a long period. It was not until America's independence, did Americans realized that they need national literature strongly, and American literature began to developed. The Civil War was a watershed in the history, after which American literature entered a period of full blooming. Romantics, which emphasized individualism and intuition and Tnscendentalism represented by Emerson came out into being. This was an exciting period in the history of American literature. Like the flowers of spring, there were suddenly many different kinds of writing at the same time. They have given depth and strength to American literature, and accelerated the forming of High Romantics. But due to the influence of Civil War, the American society was in a turbulent situation. The writings about local life, critical realism and unveiling the dark side of the society were increased. After The First World War, Americans were at a loss postwar, and the Modern American literature began. My piece of paper is written in chronological order as these periods developed in order to have a clear outline of its progress. Keywords: National Literature, Romanism, Transcendentalism, Local Color, Realism, Modern literature 摘要：从殖民地时期起，欧洲殖民者和清教徒翻开了美国⽂学史的第⼀页。

考研单词

考研单词Evident 明显的Untapped 未利用的，未开发的demographically 在人口方面Attainment 获得，实现Cohort n 一群（人）Dab v 轻敷，轻涂Complexion 面色，肤色Erase v 清除Freckle 雀斑Wasp 黄蜂Adornment 装饰Encompass v 包括，包含Confer v赋予，带来Genetic 遗传的Fertility 生育力Log v记录Mating n婚姻Fungible 可代替的Ethical 道德的Soil v败坏，玷污Deceit n 欺骗行为Controversy n争议Misdeed n不端行为，违法Plagiarize v 剽窃，抄袭Wrestler 摔跤手Breach v违反Perception 认识，观念Sully v玷污，弄脏Integrity 诚实，正直Breathe hot flames atGo to pot 堕落，毁灭Albeit 尽管，即使Rally n恢复，重新振作Imminent 临近的，即将发生的Rebound n回升，回复Validate 证实，使生效Tantalizing 逗引性的，令人心驰神往的Seduction n诱惑Fiscal 财政的Stimulus n刺激Assume v想当然地认为Pull of 成功地完成Burgeon v繁荣发展，迅速生长Charlatanism n骗术Impoverished 贫乏的，贫困的Lure v吸引，诱惑n吸引力，诱惑力Fascination 强烈的爱好，迷恋Extinct 灭绝的Demimonde 风流社会Dime 10分硬币Deception 欺骗Melodrama 传奇剧，情节剧Dupe v欺骗，愚弄Perpetrate v施行（欺骗，谋杀），犯罪Fraud n欺骗，骗局Authentic 真正的，逼真的Concoct v编造，调制（汤，饮料）Marvel v感到惊讶，好奇Appraise v评价，评估Audacity 创造性，大胆，无畏Marginal 不重要的，微小的，边缘的Humbug n虚伪，骗局Reckon v 认为Allege v（作为理由，接口等）提出Altruisim 利他主义Unrest n动荡Inclination n习性，爱好Chagrin n懊恼，苦恼Stigmatize v给带来耻辱Vigilance 警戒，警觉Insidious 有毒而诱人的Disenchanted 不再着迷的，不抱幻想的Rate 把看作，认为Rife 充满的Stark 严格的，刻板的Turf 地盘，草皮Lightweight 轻便的Redundant 多余的Arterial 干线的，动脉的Hazardous 有危险的Discriminatory 歧视的，不公平的Wage v进行，展开Legislature n立法机关Pedestrian 行人，步行者Municipality 市政当局Tortuous 复杂的，曲折的Cursive 草体字Revision 修正Loopy 一圈一圈的Slanted 斜的Legibility n清楚易读Effigy 肖像Interrogation 审问，讯问Attorney 律师Violate 违反Hearing 审讯，听训Custody n拘留Deter v制止Confession 坦白Inmate 监犯Amendment 修正案Devotee 爱好者Analog 模拟数据的Shed v去除，摆脱Encode 把编码Recipe 方法，处方Overshadow 给蒙上阴影，使相形见绌Robust 旺盛的Catch on 流行起来Profanity 亵渎语言Misogynistic 厌恶女人的Counter v反驳Consolidate v巩固，加强Messy 杂乱的Perpetuate 使长存，永恒Burglary 夜盗行为Prank 恶作剧Malicious 恶意的Grid 系统网络Perilous 危险的Curb v约束Deterrent 威慑力量Prosecute v对发起公诉Prosecutor 检察官Broker 经纪人Peril 危险Freewheeling 不受约束的，自由放纵的Proponent 支持者Deregulation 撤销Envision 想象，展望Skyrocket v猛升Guouge v诈骗Generator 发电厂Wholesale 批发的Shirk v逃避Withhold v拒给，阻挡Scarcity 缺乏供不应求Astronomically 及巨大的Exotic 外来的Hostage 人质Flip 轻弹Macho a男子的，大男子气的Slob n 衣冠不整,举止祖鲁的人Feminist n 女权主义Feminine aParadoxically自相矛盾地Coin v 创造，杜撰Embrace v （欣然)接受Mock v 嘲弄，讥讽Consumerism n 消费主义Toll n （遭受的）损失，(付出的）代价Masculinity n 男子气概Glossy a 用有光纸印刷的，光洁的groom v 使整洁，打扮，穿戴Metrosexuality n 城市玉男风度Icon 偶像Braid v 把（头发）编成辫子Manly a 具有男子气概的Profile n 侧面，侧影Pitch n 足球场Care-free a 无忧无虑的Pursuit n 爱好，追求Load up on 买得太多Reimbursement n 补偿，偿还Reimburse vUnconditional a 无条件的Dedication n 奉献Expendable a 消耗性的，通常不再使用的Concrete a 具体的，实在的Turnover n(货物，人员等）流动，人员调动Sophisticated a 成熟老练的，富有经验的More often than not 往往，多半Treat n 乐事，乐趣French fries 薯条Norm n 标准，准则Induce v 引诱Joint n 公共场所（夜总会，饭店，旅馆等）Streamline v 使呈流线型Imperative n 必要的事，必要性Slash v 大幅削减Creep v 缓慢或悄悄地进行To the bone 到极点Pretty much 几乎，差不多Ubiquitous a 普遍存在的，无所不在的Exact v 索取，强求Pernicious a 恶劣的，有害的Resentment n 忿恨，怨恨Contaminate v 毒害，污染Undermine v 逐渐损害Exalt v 兴奋，得意Consensus n 一致意见Dissent v 不同意Legitimacy n 正确，合理Aural 听觉的Rime n 韵，谐韵Connotation n 内在意义Counterpoint n（音乐）对违法，（文学）对比法，韵格变异Orchestration n 配器法Chant v 吟唱Harpist n 弹竖琴的人Episode n 插曲，片段Aesthetics n 美学Criteria n 标准，尺度，criterion的复数Prerequisite n 先决条件，前提Acclaim n 陈赞，喝彩Derivative a 缺乏独创性的，派生的Trivial a 不重要的，无价值的，琐碎的Originality n 独创性Servile a 屈从的，奴颜卑膝的Compliance n 顺从，遵从On pain of 冒，，，风险Para-linguistic n 辅助语言学Stereotyping n 成见Semanic a 语义的Trigger v 引起，促使Subconsciously 下意识地Arbitrarily 随心所欲地，武断地Decipher v 解释，破译Incorporated a 和为一体的Calamity n 巨大的不幸，灾难Conceive v 设想，想出Desolating a 带来痛苦的Epidemic n 马前卒，工具Ingenuity n 善于创造发明Barbarism n 未开化状态Maternal 人本主义的Expulsive a 驱逐的，逐出的Wholesale a大规模的Exploitation n剥削，利用Escalate v 迅速上涨Mythologize v使成为神话Denigrate v 贬低Agrarian a农业的，农民的Yeoman n自耕农Exacerbate v 使加深，使加剧，使恶化Contradiction n 矛盾Zealously 狂热地Non-edible a 不可食用的Repel v 排斥Germicidal 杀菌的Buoyant a 能浮起的，有浮力的Circulatory a 循环的Hydrate v 使吸收水，水合Flake n 小薄片Grime n 污垢Rinse v 用清水冲洗Tub 浴缸Microbe n 微生物Armpit n 腋窝engage v 与，，，交战Address v 对付Trillion 万亿Entrench v 处于牢固地位Transition n 过度，转变Infrastructure n 基础设施At one's disposal 由某人支配Make a case for 证明。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第63期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Scientists maintain that feathers initially developed from insect scales.问题1选项A.surprisinglyB.originallyC.self-evidentlyD.mostly【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。

initially表示“最初地”；A项surprisingly“惊人地，出人意料地”，B项originally“最初”，C项self-evidently“不言而喻地”，D项mostly“主要地，多半地”。

句意：科学家们认为，羽毛最初是由昆虫的鳞片进化而来的。

根据句意可知，该题选择B项正确。

2.单选题Ships passing on the high seas exchanged salutes by lowering and raising their flags once. 问题1选项rmation tB.ceremonies tC.greetings tD.privileges 【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。

salute表示“敬礼，致敬”；A项information“信息”，B项ceremony“仪式，典礼”，C项greeting“招呼，问候”，D项privilege“特权”。

句意：在公海上经过的船只通过降旗和升旗互致敬礼。

根据句意可知，该题选择C项正确。

3.单选题I will tell Tom he is an adopted child, but I will do it in due course.问题1选项A.at proper timeB.of courseC.in my own wayD.sooner or later【答案】A【解析】考查词义辨析。

in due course表示“在适当的时候，及时”；A项at proper time“在适当的时候”，B项of course“当然”，C项in my own way“以我自己的方式”，D项sooner or later“迟早，早晚”。

泉州郑成功简介和历史英语作文

泉州郑成功简介和历史英语作文Zheng Chenggong, also known as Koxinga, was a prominent military leader and Ming loyalist during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties in China. He is particularly renownedfor his resistance against the Qing Dynasty's conquest of the Ming Empire and his establishment of the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan. Zheng Chenggong's life and legacy are characterized by his military prowess, strategic acumen, and commitment to the Ming cause amidst the turbulent transition to Qing rule.Born in 1624 in Hirado, Japan, Zheng Chenggong was the eldest son of Zheng Zhilong, a Chinese merchant and pirate. His early life was shaped by his father's career in maritime trade and piracy, which exposed him to both the opportunities and dangers of maritime activities in East Asia. At a young age, Zheng Chenggong demonstrated leadership qualities and akeen understanding of naval warfare, skills that would later define his military career.Zheng Chenggong's rise to prominence began in the context of the Ming-Qing transition, a period marked by political upheaval and military conflict. Following the collapse of the Ming Dynasty in 1644 and the establishment of the QingDynasty by the Manchus, many Ming loyalists refused to submit to Qing rule. Zheng Chenggong's father, Zheng Zhilong,initially allied with the Qing but later switched allegiance back to the Ming cause, prompting a Qing campaign against him. This familial and political turmoil thrust Zheng Chenggonginto a leadership role, as he took command of his father's forces and continued the resistance against the Qing.One of Zheng Chenggong's most significant military achievements was the defense of Xiamen (Amoy) against theQing forces in the 1650s. Despite facing superior Qing naval power, Zheng Chenggong employed innovative tactics andeffectively utilized his knowledge of the local waters to secure victory. This success not only solidified his reputation as a capable military commander but also strengthened his resolve to continue the fight against the Qing.In 1661, Zheng Chenggong launched a daring expedition to Taiwan, then known as Formosa, which was under Dutch colonial rule at the time. With a formidable fleet and a well-trained army, he defeated the Dutch forces and successfully expelled them from Taiwan. This marked the beginning of Zheng Chenggong's establishment of the Kingdom of Tungning, an independent state in Taiwan that aimed to uphold Ming loyalism and resist Qing authority.Zheng Chenggong's rule over Taiwan was characterized by efforts to consolidate his power, develop the economy, and strengthen defenses against potential Qing invasions. His administration promoted agriculture, trade, and culturalexchange, contributing to the island's prosperity during his brief but impactful reign. Zheng Chenggong's ability to govern effectively in Taiwan demonstrated his versatility as both a military leader and a statesman.Zheng Chenggong's legacy extends beyond his military campaigns and political achievements. He is remembered for his role in shaping the course of Chinese history during a pivotal period of transition and upheaval. His determination to uphold Ming loyalism and resist foreign domination has earned him a revered status in Chinese historiography and popular culture. Zheng Chenggong's leadership and legacy continue to be commemorated in Taiwan, where he is celebrated as a national hero who played a crucial role in the island's history and identity.In conclusion, Zheng Chenggong's life and career exemplify the complexities of Chinese history during the Ming-Qing transition. His military exploits, politicalmaneuvers, and enduring legacy as a symbol of resistance against foreign rule underscore his significance in both Chinese and East Asian history. Zheng Chenggong's contributions continue to be studied and commemorated, reflecting his enduring impact on the historical narrative of China and Taiwan.。

TPO听力题目

What does the professor say about Frantzen’s painting of a farm scene? It resembles a photograph. It may be Frantzen’s best-know painting. It was painted in the Impressionist style. It was painted while Frantzen lived abroad. Why did Frantzen go to the Sales Barn? To study human form and movement To earn money by painting portraits To paint farm animals in an outdoor setting To meet people who could model for her paintings What does the professor imply about the painting of the young woman surrounded by pumpkins? It was painted at an art fair. It combines Impressionism with Realism. It convinced Frantzen that she was a good illustrator. It was originally meant to be used in an advertisement. What does the professor discuss Frantzen’s difficulties as a young painter? He wants to point out mistakes that young artists commonly make. He thinks her example can inspire the students in their own lives. Her difficulties remind him of the difficulties he himself experienced as a young artist. Her difficulties are the subject of some of the paintings in the gallery that the students will visit. What does the professor imply when he says this: The students can understand Frantzen’s art without knowing about her life. The students should pay very close attention to what he is going to say. Some of his students are already familiar with Frantzen’s life story. Some of his students may not appreciate Frantzen’s work. Answers: CCABBA

The similarities and differences between the first and the second generation of romantic poetry

The similarities and differences between the first and the secondgeneration of romantic poetryFrom1798to1832, European counties experienced a turbulent period in politic and economic. Just during that period, English romantic writers reached maturity and produced their most brilliant works, and this period was called “Romantic Age.”British is one of the first countries to step into the “Romantic Age” British literature represents the biggest achievement of the European romantic literature in 19th century. The inner spirit of British romantic literature is very complex; it contains Coleridge’s supernaturalism, W ordsworth’s establishmentarian legitimism, Shelley’s atheistically spiritualism, Byronism’s revolutionary liberalism and so on.The similarities between the first and the second generation of British romantic poets. The British poets are all good observers, hobbyists and worshipers of nature. They all love the peaceful countryside and the vast sea; they all love animals and know well about the animal world; they all emphasize on individual independence and on having their unique characters and writing style; they all value morality and have great desire to pursuit justice. However, British romanticism has different features in different stages.The differences between the first and the second generation of British romantic poets. They have differences in the philosophy of life, inaesthetic taste, and in artistic creation. But I think the most important difference lies in their different political experience. The first generation had first seen the hope brought by the French Revolution, and latter seen the French invade Briton; they became very disappointed at the aggressiveness and cruelty of the revolution. So they had experienced the changes from worshipping the revolutionary ideal to disillusion of the reality. Thus, they are dissatisfactory with some aspects of the world and somewhat hate the world. While the second generation didn’t experience the disillusionment caused by the French Revolution, they tend to be more revolutionary in thought and more passionate in emotion than their forerunners.。

高考英语外刊阅读及模拟强化训练：环球时报：土耳其地震对俄乌冲突的溢出效应(学生版)

Earthquakes in Turkey likely to have spillover effects onsolving Russia-Ukraine conflict土耳其地震对俄乌冲突的溢出效应文章选自《环球时报》主题语境：人与自然子语境：自然灾害原文出处：Global Times 语篇类型：说明文关键词：earthquake；conflict；Turkey；crisis篇章导读：土耳其地震可能会产生地缘政治和经济溢出效应，包括对正在进行的俄乌冲突和欧洲能源安全的影响。

到目前为止，这场灾难已导致12000多人死亡，约63000人受伤。

原汁原味外刊阅读及模拟强化训练The earthquakes in Turkey are likelyto have geopolitical and economicspillover effects including those on theongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict andEurope's energy security, Chineseobservers said. The disaster has so farresulted in over 12,000 deaths and about63,000 injuries.The 7.7-magnitude and 7.6-magnitude quakes, with the Turkish province of Kahramanmaras as the epicenter, have affected13 million people in 10 provinces, according to the Turkish Embassy in Beijing.Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan observed the ongoing search and rescue efforts and the disaster relief work on Wednesday, and paid visits to the survivors, saying Turkey has读后强化训练I. 单句语法填空1. The group was considered to be a risk to national (secure).2. We all needed a little light (relieve) at the end of a long day.3. Our future prosperity depends on (economy) growth.4. People experience differences in physical and mental (capable) depending on the time of day.5. The disease (affect) fully 30 per cent of the population.II.阅读理解1. What can we know about the earthquake in Turkey?A. It eventually killed 13 million people.B. It was caused by the Russian-Uzbekistan conflict.C. It will affect the energy security of Europe.D. It has not received assistance from other countries.2. What does what Wang Yiwei said express?A. The ability of Turkey's government to deal with disasters is very poor.B. Turkey's geographical location is very significant.C. Erdogan did not want to intervene in the Russian-Uzbekistan conflict.D. Turkey does not allow Ukraine's food export agreement.3. What is Wang Yiwei's attitude towards the impact of the Turkey earthquake?A. Indifferent.B. Ambiguous.C. Frightened.D. Worried.词汇积累Ⅰ. 核心词汇1. economic adj. 经济的；经济上的；经济学的2. conflict n. 争执；争论；(军事)冲突3. security n. 安全；担保；保护措施4. affect v. 影响；侵袭；使感染5. relief n. 救济；宽慰；轻松6.capability n. 能力；才能7.crisis n. 危机；危急关头Ⅱ. 核心短语1. are likely to 很可能2. result in 导致3. paid visits to 拜访4. set up 设置Ш. 拓展词汇1. geopolitical adj. 地缘政治的2. mobilize v. (战时)动员；调动3. condolence n. 吊唁4. mediator n. 调停者；斡旋者5. seismic adj. 地震的金句赏析1.Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan observed the ongoing search and rescue efforts and the disaster relief work on Wednesday, and paid visits to the survivors, saying Turkey has mobilized all its resources for the aftermath of the earthquake.【句意】土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安（Recep Tayyip Erdogan）周三观察了正在进行的搜救工作和救灾工作，并看望了幸存者。

莫扎特效应英语作文

莫扎特效应英语作文English: The Mozart effect refers to the idea that listening to Mozart's music can enhance cognitive skills, particularly spatial-temporal reasoning. This theory became popular after a study in the early1990s suggested that listening to Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos inD Major could temporarily boost performance on certain spatial tasks. However, subsequent research has shown mixed results, with some studies failing to replicate the original findings. Despite this,the idea of the Mozart effect has permeated popular culture, leading to the development of various products claiming to improve cognitive abilities through exposure to classical music. While listening to music can certainly have a positive impact on mood and concentration, the notion of a specific "Mozart effect" may be oversimplified and overstated.Translated content: 莫扎特效应指的是听莫扎特的音乐可以增强认知能力，特别是空间推理能力的观念。

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t r o -p h /0612421v 1 15 D e c 2006
Effects of the turbulent ISM on radio observations of quasars
∗Speaker.
c Copyright owne
d by th
e author(s)under the terms o
f the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence.http://pos.sissa.it/
1The Scattering Measure is the path integral over the coefﬁcient C2
of the electron densityﬂuctuation wavenumber
N
spectrum.
2
0.6Oct1986225.0±58.0[5]
1.61998.1429.8±0.5[6] 1.7Mar198626.4±4.7[5]
1.7Jan199731.0±0.8[4]
2.3Jan199717.6±0.5[4] 5Oct1985
3.5±0.4[5] 51996.823.5±0.1[6] 5Jan19973.4±0.1[4] 81996.831.6±0.1[6] 151996.730.8±0.1[6] 221996.730.6±0.1[6] 431996.730.5±0.1[6]
ν=1.6GHz,m0=0.25%
B2005+4032.9050.0130.451.183.107
NGC70275.4890.0110.2000.621
θ2obs−θ2int.From the power lawﬁt,the scattering size at1GHzθ1GHz is(77.1±4.0)mas.Following[16]and assuming a Kolmogorov turbulence,the scattering measure can be calculated.The derived SM of(0.43±0.04)m−20/3kpc is in good agreement and consistent with the previous measurement of[5],though with much improved accuracy.
3.1Propagation effect II:IDV behaviour of B2005+403
In November and December2003theﬂux-density variability of B2005+403was monitored with the Effelsberg100meter radio telescope with high time resolution.In Table2,the results from these measurements are summarized:To characterize the variability amplitudes and their signiﬁcance,we follow the methods described in[10].Column2of the table gives the averageﬂux density,col.3the rms standard deviation,col.4the modulation index(m=100·σ/ S ),col.5the variability amplitude(deﬁned as Y=3
50km s −1
−1
.
Cordes and Lazio modeled the electron density turbulences of the Milky Way (NE2001,[3]).They assumed a distance of 2.35kpc to the scattering “clump”responsible for the angular broaden-ing of B 2005+403.The characteristic variability time-scales derived from the light curves is less than a day in B 2005+403.A screen located at kpc distance cannot explain the observed short vari-ability time-scale.With a scattering size of θscat =30mas at 1.6GHz,a screen distance of 2.35kpc and typical Galactic velocities of ≤220km/s,one would expect to see variations on time-scales ≥288days.
To reproduce a variability time-scale of ≤1day at 1.6GHz within the aforementioned model,the following constraints for the scattering size and the screen distance are obtained:θeff L ≤2.2·10−2mas kpc.For the measured scattering size of ∼30mas,this leads to an unreasonably nearby screen of ≤1pc.The only way out of this dilemma is a smaller scattering size.Adopt-ing a minimum screen distance of at least 10pc as required for the interpretation of the ultra fast scintillators ([13]and references therein),one obtains θscat ≤2.2mas.
An upper limit on the distance of the screen is obtained from the restriction of the source size
via the inverse-Compton limit of T IC B
=1012K.The requirement that the brightness temperature be lower than this leads to a source size of θint =。