翻译论文摘要引言
论文摘要的英文翻译
论文摘要的英文翻译With the rapid development of china's economic and improvement of people's material living standards,ethics problem is getting attention.Construction of Accountants ' professionalethics is an important part of economic management and accounting, it isfundamental to guarantee the quality of accounting information.As importantparticipants in economic and accounting information provided by accountants,their level of professional ethics, not only affects the quality of theaccounting information, but also the implementation of China's financial lawsystem, economic order maintenance and the development of our economy,therefore, strengthen the construction of Accountants ' professional ethics, itis imperative to improve the quality of accounting information.Based on theanalysis of false accounting information and accounting professional ethics inour country on the basis of the reasons for the decline, proposes to strengthenaccounting professional ethics construction, measures to improve thequality ofaccounting informatioModern and contemporary literature is an important part of the development history of Chinese literature. What it pursuesis to express objective facts in real language. It is thisauthenticity of modern and contemporary literature that makes it have an impact that can not be ignored on the structure of works in the whole literary circle.Feminist translation theory, as a major school oftranslation theory, pays attention to gender differences in translation and changes the traditional male dominated gender subject consciousness in literary translation. Feminist translation theory takes women as the metaphor of translation, advocates re examining social culture from a female perspective in translation, and pays attention to highlighting female subject identity and female consciousness in translation works.Moreover, feminist translation theory also gives us a lot of enlightenment. For example, in the process of translation, we should grasp the real value of women, link the text with the corresponding social, historical and cultural and related texts, and pay attention to the internal relationship between the translator and the author, works and readers in literary translation, so as to make their works more image Accurate and vivid, more highly reflect its literary level and value.。
翻译学术论文摘要模版
翻译学术论文摘要模版翻译是沟通不同民族人民的思想，是探讨两种语言对应关系的一门学科。
这是店铺为大家整理的翻译学术论文摘要模版，仅供参考!翻译学术论文摘要模版篇一英语翻译探析【摘要】随着中国在经济、文化、科技等领域同国外交往的增多,特别是WTO实质化阶段的到来以及北京2008年奥运会的举办和上海2010年世界博览会的筹办,中国翻译产业正迎来一个黄金发展期。
英语翻译可看作一门科学,它有着自己的内在科学规律;英语翻译也可视为一门艺术,具有极为重要的作用,本文就英语翻译进行探析。
首先以倒译技巧和句子成份的转译技巧为例分析英译汉技巧。
其次,对英语翻译带来的思考提出了自己的建议和看法,具有一定的参考价值。
【关键词】英语翻译探析英译汉技巧1. 前言随着中国在经济、文化、科技等领域同国外交往的增多,特别是WTO实质化阶段的到来以及北京2008年奥运会的举办和上海2010年世界博览会的筹办,中国翻译产业正迎来一个黄金发展期。
近年来,翻译已经从原来的政府和事业单位、科研机构的工作发展成为专门职业。
翻译服务作为新兴的现代服务产业,正成为文化经济中仅次于教育行业的又一新兴产业。
我们以英译汉来进行探讨。
2. 英译汉技巧(1)主语分句汉译技巧。
A man spending twelve days on the moon would find ,on returning to the earth ,that a year had passed by already.一个人如果在月亮上度过了十二天,回到地球以后就会发现一年已经过去了。
(2)谓语分句汉译技巧。
It goes without saying that oxygen is the most active element in the atmosphere.不言而喻,氧气是大气中最活泼的元素。
(3)定语分句汉译技巧He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that wEighed up to two pounds each.他居然种出了二百个奇迹般的西红柿,每个重达两磅。
发表英文翻译论文
发表英文翻译论文语言是人类传播信息的工具，作为各种语言互译的翻译理论本身就是一种是相对的理论。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于发表英文翻译论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!发表英文翻译论文篇1公示语的英文翻译摘要：公示语是一种较为独特的应用文体, 旨在于公共场所向公众公示须知的内容。
然而, 目前国内公示语的英译问题十分严重。
通过奈达的"功能对等"理论, 以中西文化差异在公示语中的体现为视角, 强调公示语的特点决定了其英译应重视功能上的对等而不是字词句上简单生硬的静态对等, 遵循正确的翻译原则,以实现公示语的预期功能。
关键词：公示语功能对等文化差异翻译原则1、引言公示语指的是在公共场所向公众公示须知内容的语言, 包括标识、指示牌、路牌、标语、公告、警示等等[1]。
罗选民、黎土旺对公示语进行界定, “公示语是指在公共场合所展示的文字, 具有特殊的交际功能, 以及提供信息和完成指令的作用”[2]。
随着中国与世界的接轨, 越来越多的国家希望了解中国, 很多外国朋友来到中国。
在这种跨文化交际的过程中, 汉语公示语的英译也日显重要。
然而, 目前国内公示语的英译问题十分严重, 误用、滥用现象到处存在，其中最大的问题是译者在翻译过程中忽视中西方文化的差异, 盲目追求字词句上简单生硬的静态对等, 以至于译文文本生硬, 达不到源语文本的预期功能和效果。
公示语英译的预期对象是在华外国友人和外国游客, 为的是达到向其警示、告知、宣传的预期功能。
其英译不是一种点缀, 而是一种有目的的行为, 即如何使译文达到与原文本同等的预期功能[3]。
本文通过奈达的“功能对等”理论, 以中西文化差异在公示语中的体现为视角, 强调公示语的功能特点决定了其英译应重视功能上的对等而不是字词句上简单生硬的静态对等, 应遵循正确的翻译原则,以实现其预期功能。
2、“功能对等”翻译理论与公示语翻译公示语作为一个信息时代和经济全球化时代的标志之一, 公开面对公众, 给予公众行为需求的文字信息传递。
论文摘要翻译
本文对社会主义市场经济条件下施工企业管理目前面临的主要问题及问题产生的原因并联系实际地进行了深入的分析。
并论述了施工企业管理的意义和基本原则。
本文结合全国和绵阳的具体实际情况，通过查阅大量的实例和真实的数据对施工企业的管理作了论证性的阐述。
为提高经济效益，加强施工企业管理，推动经济发展，提出了具体看法。
本文对施工企业目前管理的现状进行了分析，肯定了成绩是主流，问题是支流，指出了今后发展的方向。
This article analyzed the problem and reason of the problem of The Construction Company’s project management under the socialist market economy system. And it also discoursed the meaning and the basic policy of the construction company’s management. This article is based on the actual situation of Mianyang, discoursed the construction company’s management by collecting many instance and actual data. For improving the economy benefit and the management of the construction company, to promote economy, this article give the It’s own frondose idea. This article analyzed the situation of the construction company’s management for now, the main is good, but still has some problem, and it also point out the developing direction for the future.。
毕业论文摘要英文翻译
毕业论文摘要英文翻译Abstract:This paper examines the effects of exercise on mental health and well-being. As individuals continue to face increasing levels of stress and anxiety, it is important to explore alternative methods of managing and improving mental well-being. Exercise has been widely recognized as a potential solution, and numerous studies have investigated the relationship between physical activity and mental health. This research aims to synthesize and evaluate existing literature to determine the impact of exercise on mental health outcomes. The study also investigates the mechanisms through which exercise influences mental well-being.The literature review confirms the positive relationship between exercise and mental health. Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, exercise is associated with improved cognitive function and increased self-esteem. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the beneficial effects of exercise, including the release of endorphins, increased blood flow to the brain, and social interaction.Despite the evidence supporting the positive effects of exercise on mental health, barriers exist that prevent individuals from engaging in regular physical activity. These barriers include lack of time, motivation, and access to exercise facilities. Strategies to overcome these barriers are discussed, such as incorporating exercise intodaily routines, setting realistic goals, and utilizing community resources.In conclusion, exercise has a significant positive impact on mental health and well-being. This research highlights the importance of integrating physical activity into daily life, especially in the face of increasing levels of stress and anxiety. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for individuals, healthcare providers, and policymakers. By promoting the benefits of exercise and addressing the barriers to physical activity, society can strive towards improved mental well-being for all.。
翻译论文摘要引言
The pseudobulbs and subterranean organs (roots and rhizomes) of Eulophia epidendraea, and Malaxis acuminata in subfamily Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae) were investigated to determine morphology, anatomy and mycorrhizal occurrence.（研究兰科树兰亚科的Eulophia epidendraea（黄花美冠兰）和Malaxis acuminata（沼兰属浅裂沼兰）的假鳞茎和地下器官（根和根茎）以确定其形态，结构和真菌菌根的发生）The examined sections showed the following common anatomi-cal characteristics.（被研究的切片显示以下几个相同的结构特点）The pseudobulbs had a uniseriate epidermis. The assimilatory cells were scattered in the form of mucilage/water storage cells in the ground tissue.（假鳞茎有单层表皮，同化细胞以粘液或蓄水细胞的形式分散在基本组织中）The vascular bundles were collateral and embedded in the ground tissue. Raphides occurred as idioblasts.维管束并行嵌入到基本组织中。
针晶体发生在异细胞中。
Rhizomes had an uniseriate epidermis, parenchymatous ground tissue differentiated into outer and inner zones with polygonal intercellular spaces. Vascular bundles scattered, collateral and discontinuous form in both the taxa. Aeration cells were present in roots and rhizomes of M. Acuminata.根状茎有单层表皮，薄壁基本组织分为含多边形细胞间隙的内区和外区。
外文翻译与文献综述模板格式以及要求说明
外文翻译与文献综述模板格式以及要求说明
外文中文翻译格式：
标题：将外文标题翻译成中文，可以在括号内标明外文标题
摘要：将外文摘要翻译成中文，包括问题陈述、研究目的、方法、结果和结论等内容。
关键词：将外文关键词翻译成中文。
引言：对外文论文引言进行翻译，概述问题的背景、重要性和研究现状。
方法：对外文论文方法部分进行翻译，包括研究设计、数据采集和分析方法等。
结果：对外文论文结果部分进行翻译，介绍研究结果和统计分析等内容。
讨论：对外文论文讨论部分进行翻译，对研究结果进行解释和评价。
结论：对外文论文结论部分进行翻译，总结研究的主要发现和意义。
附录：如果外文论文有附录部分，需要进行翻译并按照指定的格式进行排列。
文献综述模板格式：
标题：文献综述标题
引言：对文献综述的背景、目的和方法进行说明。
综述内容：按照时间、主题或方法等进行分类，对相关文献进行综述，可以分段进行描述。
讨论：对综述内容进行解释和评价，概括主要研究成果和趋势。
结论：总结文献综述，概括主要发现和意义。
要求说明：
1.外文中文翻译要准确无误，语句通顺流畅，做到质量高、符合学术
规范。
2.文献综述要选择与所研究领域相关的文献进行综述，覆盖面要广，
内容要全面、准确并有独立思考。
4.文献综述要注重整体结构和逻辑连贯性，内容要有层次感，段落间
要过渡自然。
5.外文中文翻译和文献综述要进行查重，确保原文与译文的一致性，
并避免抄袭和剽窃行为。
论文英文摘要翻译
论文英文摘要翻译AbstractThe rapid development of technology has greatly affected various industries, including the education sector. E-learning, as a form of remote education, has gained popularity in recent years. This paper aims to investigate the impact of e-learning on students' learning outcomes and motivation.To achieve this objective, a literature review was conducted to identify the relevant research on e-learning and its effects. The findings show that e-learning has positive effects on students' learning outcomes, such as increased knowledge acquisition and self-directed learning skills. E-learning provides a flexible learning environment, allowing students to access educational resources anytime and anywhere. This convenience enhances students' motivation and engagement in learning activities.However, the effectiveness of e-learning depends on various factors. The quality of the e-learning platform and instructional design plays a crucial role in engaging students and promoting effective learning. In addition, the role of teachers in facilitating e-learning is also important. Teachers' guidance and support are essential in helping students navigate the online learning platform and clarify any doubts.Moreover, the digital divide is a significant challenge in implementing e-learning. Not all students have access to reliable internet connection and necessary technological devices. Therefore, it is crucial to bridge the digital divide to ensure equalopportunities in e-learning.Furthermore, challenges such as limited social interaction and a lack of personalized feedback in e-learning need to be addressed. Efforts should be made to incorporate interactive features and provide timely feedback to promote effective learning and address students' individual needs.In conclusion, e-learning has the potential to positively impact students' learning outcomes and motivation. However, it is crucial to address challenges related to technological infrastructure, instructional design, and teacher support to maximize the benefits of e-learning. Future research should focus on exploring effective strategies for integrating e-learning into traditional educational settings to create a blended learning approach.Keywords: e-learning, learning outcomes, motivation, instructional design, teacher support。
毕业论文外文翻译模版
一、摘要
本文主要介绍了毕业论文外文翻译模版，该模版包括了论文的标题、作者信息、摘要、关键词、引言、正文、结论等部分的翻译模板，可供毕业论文写作时参考使用。
二、标题
毕业论文外文翻译模版
三、作者信息
作者：[姓名]
学号：[学号]
指导老师：[指导老师姓名]
四、摘要
本文介绍了毕业论文外文翻译模版的具体内容和使用方法，帮助毕业论文作者完成外文翻译工作，提高论文质量和水平。详细内容包括论文标题、作者信息、摘要、关键词、引言、正文、结论等部分的翻译模板。
6. 正文的翻译模版：
正文内容丰富多样，翻译时需根据具体内容进，无需额外模版。
八、结论
毕业论文外文翻译模版的使用对于毕业论文写作具有重要意义，能够帮助作者完成外文翻译工作，提高论文的质量和水平。希望本文提供的翻译模版能够对广大学子在论文写作过程中有所帮助，更好地完成毕业论文的撰写工作。
五、关键词
毕业论文、外文翻译、模版、翻译模板、论文写作
六、引言
毕业论文外文翻译是毕业论文写作过程中的一项重要工作，对于提高论文的学术水平和国际影响力具有重要意义。本文提供了一套完整的翻译模版，可供广大学子参考使用，希望能够对大家的论文写作工作有所帮助。
七、正文
1. 论文标题的翻译模版：
中文标题：[中文标题]
英文标题：[英文标题]
2. 作者信息的翻译模版：
作者姓名：[姓名]
作者学号：[学号]
作者专业：[专业]
3. 摘要的翻译模版：
中文摘要：[中文摘要内容]
英文摘要：[英文摘要内容]
4. 关键词的翻译模版：
中文关键词：[中文关键词]
英文关键词：[英文关键词]
英语论文引言格式
英语论文引言格式第一篇：英语论文引言格式Idiom Translation under the Chinese and English Cultures Class XXX Number XXXName XXX Abstract: Nida, a famous translator, says, “For truly successful translation, it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than master two languages, because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures.”(Background information)This is to say, translation is closely related with not only languages but also cultures.Studies of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China.Exclusive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete.In the last twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communication, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it.(Identify problem)This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idioms, then studies English-ChineseChinese-English idiom translation methods(Research subject)from the angle of culture(Method)and points out some warnings concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage(Results);culture is a whole way of life, when new culture emerges, new idioms also appear, therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.(Conclusion)Key Words: idioms;culture;translation论英汉文化背景下的习语翻译摘要:著名翻译学家奈达指出:“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更为重要，因为词语只有在其作用的文化背景下才有意义。
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The pseudobulbs and subterranean organs (roots and rhizomes) of Eulophia epidendraea, and Malaxis acuminata in subfamily Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae) were investigated to determine morphology, anatomy and mycorrhizal occurrence.（研究兰科树兰亚科的Eulophia epidendraea（黄花美冠兰）和Malaxis acuminata（沼兰属浅裂沼兰）的假鳞茎和地下器官（根和根茎）以确定其形态，结构和真菌菌根的发生）The examined sections showed the following common anatomi-cal characteristics.（被研究的切片显示以下几个相同的结构特点）The pseudobulbs had a uniseriate epidermis. The assimilatory cells were scattered in the form of mucilage/water storage cells in the ground tissue.（假鳞茎有单层表皮，同化细胞以粘液或蓄水细胞的形式分散在基本组织中）The vascular bundles were collateral and embedded in the ground tissue. Raphides occurred as idioblasts.维管束并行嵌入到基本组织中。
针晶体发生在异细胞中。
Rhizomes had an uniseriate epidermis, parenchymatous ground tissue differentiated into outer and inner zones with polygonal intercellular spaces. Vascular bundles scattered, collateral and discontinuous form in both the taxa. Aeration cells were present in roots and rhizomes of M. Acuminata.根状茎有单层表皮，薄壁基本组织分为含多边形细胞间隙的内区和外区。
维管束以分散、并行和不连续形式存在于两个类群中。
通气细胞存在于M. Acuminata （沼兰属浅裂沼兰）.的根和根状茎。
The transverse section of E. epidendraea roots had multi-layered velamen with spiral thickening followed by uniseriate exodermis with that had webbed tilosomes. The parenchymatous cortex contained raphides and water storage cells. Vascular bundles were 11–15 arched. Roots of M. acuminata had an uniseriate velamen, exodermis, parenchyma-tous cortex, endodermis and pericycle. The vascular bundles were radially arranged, and 11–12 arched. The xylem and phloem were embedded in sclerenchymatous tissue.E.epidendraea（黄花美冠兰）根的横切面有多层螺旋加厚的根被，其次是有webbed tilosomes.单层的外皮。
薄壁皮质包含针晶体和储水细胞。
维管束为11-15个拱形排列。
M. Acuminata（沼兰属浅裂沼兰）的根有单层膜，外皮层、薄壁皮层、内皮层和中柱鞘。
维管束11-12个拱形呈放射状排列。
木质部和韧皮部嵌入到厚壁组织。
The entry of the mycorrhizal fungi was chiefly through root hairs in roots and epidermis in rhizomes of M. acuminata, and in E. epidendraea. Fungi formed pelotons in both the taxa and microsclerotia and monilioid cells in the root cortex of E. epidendraea. Additionally, Glomus- type vesicles wereoccasionally present in the roots of M. Acuminata. Description of characteristics arising from this investigation may provide additional morphological and anatomical means of identification.菌根真菌的进入主要是通过M. acuminata,和E. epidendraea根的根毛.根状茎的表皮。
两个类群中都有真菌形成的菌丝团，E. Epidendraea.的根皮质中有微菌核和骨髓细胞。
此外，M. acuminata的根中偶尔出现球型囊泡。
这次研究所产生的特性可以提供额外的形态和解剖的识别方法。
1.I ntroductionOrchidaceae, is one of the ecologically and morphologically most diverse families among flowering plants. It is the second largest plant family comprising of about 800 genera and more than 24,000 species world-wide (Fay and Chase, 2009). The production of non-endospermous seeds, one of the distinctive features of the family (Werker, 1997) requires association with mycorrhizal fungi for ger-mination and development during the early stages of the life cycle (Smith and Read, 2008). Orchids are divided into five subfamilies: Apostasioideae, Vanilloideae, Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Epidendroideae (Chase et al., 2003, 2015), and have diverse life-forms each with variously modified vegetative and floral structures.1引言兰花是开花植物中生态和形态最多样的家族之一，它是第二大植物家族，在世界各地上约有800属24000余种(Fay and Chase, 2009)非胚乳种子生产家族鲜明的特点之一(Werker, 1997) 是需要在生命周期中的早期阶段联合真菌菌根的萌发和发育(Smith and Read, 2008)兰科分为五个亚科：拟兰亚科，Vanilloideae, Cypripedioideae,兰亚科，树兰亚科(Chase et al., 2003, 2015), 有各种改良植物和花结构的不同生命形式。
Species are fully or partially mycoheterotrophic (largely dependent on mycorrhiza for carbon supply), terrestrial, epiphytic or epilithic, are sensitive to habitat disturbance, degradation and fragmenta-tion, and in India represented by 1331 species belonging to 186 genera (Misra, 2007). Terrestrial orchids have creeping, fibrous or fleshy rhizomes, and roots with varied functions (Sevgi et al.,2012). The function of roots in terrestrial orchids includes: nutri-ent absorption and substrate fixation, storage as in tuber-like roots, and roots specialized in storage, absorption, and fixation (Dressler,1981).物种是完全或部分mycoheterotrophic（绝大部分取决于菌根碳供应）陆生，附生或石生对生境破坏，退化，破碎是敏感的，在印度有1331个种隶属于186个属，(Misra, 2007)陆地兰花有匍匐状，纤维状或肉质根茎，并且根具有多种功能。
(Sevgi et al.,2012).在陆地兰花中根的功能包括：营养吸收和底物固定，块茎状根的存储，根专门存储，吸收和固定(Dressler,1981).Anatomical description assists in understanding physiological processes as well as phylogenetic relationships (Yeung, 1998; Liu and Zhu, 2011), and aids in plant identification when floral or veg-etative traits are not available (Chase and Palmer, 1989; Dengler,2002). Stern and Carlsward (2006) suggested anatomy as a mean in examining relationships to evolve a stable systematic classifica-tion and to solve taxonomic problems among taxa. For example,解剖学上的描述有助于理解生理过程以及系统发育关系，(Yeung, 1998; Liu and Zhu, 2011), 在植物识别中，当花或植物的性状是不可用时(Chase and Palmer, 1989; Dengler,2002). Stern and Carlsward (2006) 建议解剖作为一种研究关系的方法以发展稳定的系统分类并解决类群的分类问题。