Alfred Tennyson个人生平介绍
英美文学Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892)
The Eagle
• Form and devices:
• 4.contrast between the two stanzas:motionlessness and thunderboltlike action
Break, Break, Break
• Ideas and artistic features: • 1. a lyric on the loss of youth, innocence and happiness; • 2.deep grief, sincere feelings; • 3.smoothness of rhythm, musical effect;
• Form and devices: • 1.single rhyme in each stanza—singleness and aloneness of the eagle; • 2.alliteration in the first line—the hard consonant /k/ in the three words suggests hardness of the rock and firmness of the bird;
Third Generation of Romantics
• Alfred Tennyson is like Keats: sensuousness • melancholy • Robert Browning is like Shelley:a taste for musicality
Break, Break, Break
• Ideas and artistic features:
• 4.images and symbols; • 5.sound devices: long vowels, metrical features(anapesห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ic+iambic+spondaic); • 6.translations of the title
英国文学unit11VicPoets1AlfredTennyson
In the first stanza the eagle sits on some high mountain cliff in some deserted area, and in the second stanza he suddenly swoops down in flight. That's just as a subject matter goes. However, the significance of the poem is the interesting way Tennyson communicates that experience of the eagle through the poetic devices: crooked hands, ring'd with the azure world, wrinkled sea, like a thunderbolt, etc.
He is the second most frequently quoted writer in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, after Shakespeare.
Alfred Tennyson: His Early Life
Often regarded as the chief representative of the Victorian age in poetry. Tennyson succeeded Wordsworth as Poet Laureate in 1850; he was appointed by Queen Victoria and served 42 years. Alfred began to write poetry at an early age in the style of Lord Byron. After spending four unhappy years in school he was tutored at home. Tennyson then studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he joined the literary club 'The Apostles' and met Arthur Hallam, who became his closest friend. Tennyson published Poems, Chiefly Lyrical, in 1830, which included the popular "Mariana".
Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892)
4. Analysis of Crossing the Bar
This poem was written in the later years of Tennyson’s life. We can feel his fearlessness towards death, his faith in God and an afterlife. Bar: a bank of sand or stones under the water as in a river, parallel to the shore, at the entrance to harbor. “Crossing the bar” means leaving this world and entering the next world. Sunset, evening star, twilight, evening bell: all images of the end of life. Sea, tide, deep, flood: all symbols of life. Bourne: boundary. Pilot: Here it refers to God.
Break, break, break, At the foot of thy crags, O Sea! But the tender grace of a day that is dead Will never come back to me. 哗啦，哗啦，哗啦， 冲着峭岩的跟脚，啊海浪！ 可那逝去的温柔美好时光 再也不回我的身旁。
3. Analysis of Break, Break,
Break
3.1 Themes This short lyric is written in memory of Tennyson’s best friend, Arthur Hallam, whose death has a life-long influence on the poet. The poem describes feelings of loss and the realization that there is something beyond the cycle of life and death. Here, the poet’s own feelings of sadness are contrasted with the carefree, innocent joys of the children and the unfeeling movement of the ship and the sea waves. The beauty of the lyric is to be found in the musical language and in the association of sound and images with feelings and emotions.
Alfred Tennyson
In the Valley of Cauteretz《在考特兹 山谷》 Break,Break,Break 《溅吧，溅吧，溅吧》 The Charge of the Light Brigade《英烈传》 Tears,Idle Tears《眼 泪，无端的眼泪》
The Style of Tennyson’s Works
Alfred Tennyson
EL091 赵闻悦
The Main Life Story of Alfred Tennyson
Alfred Tennyson, born in August 6th, 1809, at Somersby, Lincolnshire, was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom and remains one of the most popular poets in the English language. He was the fourth of twelve children of George and Elizabeth Tennyson. The poet's grandfather had violated tradition by making his younger son, Charles, his heir, and arranging for the poet's father to enter the ministry. The contrast of his own family's relatively straitened circumstances to the great wealth of his aunt Elizabeth Russell and Uncle Charles Tennyson made Tennyson feel particularly impoverished and led him to worry about money all his life.
Alfred Tennyson
Alfred Tennyson⏹ 1. Introduction: His Life⏹ 2. Major Works⏹ 3. Analysis of the poem⏹ 4. Artistic Features⏹ 5. Comment on T ennysonAlfred Tennyson, (6 August 1809 – 6 October 1892), much better known as "Alfred, Lord Tennyson," was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom during much of Queen V ictoria's reign and remains one of the most popular poets in the English language.Tennyson, Browning and Arnold are generally called “The Big Three” of Victorian poets. Among them, Tennyson was the most popular and gained the title of “poet of the people”. His reputation remained high until his death, declined in the early 20th century, and its rightly very high today.Introduction: His LifeAlfred Tennyson was born and bred in a country clergyman’s family and educated at Cambridge University. His early volumes of poems, published in 1830 and 1833, went unnoticed by the reading public, and he only achieved some fame with his two volumes of poetry in 1842. He received a pension from the government, and in 1850 he was made poet laureate to succeed Wordsworth. From that time till he was created a baron and became Lord Tennyson in 1884, he wrote more openly as a court poet.Tennyson died on October 6, 1892 and was buried in the Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey.Tennyson - Timeline1809-- Born at Somersby rectory, Lincolnshire, fourth son of the rector.1827 -- Poems by Two Brothers with Charles and Edward.-- Enters Trinity College, Cambridge.1829 -- Friendship with Arthur Henry Hallam. -- Member of the "Apostles," a group of young men, at Cambridge.-- Receives chancellor's Gold Medal for prize poem "Timbuctoo".1830 -- Poems Chiefly Lyrical published. 1831 -- Father dies.-- Hallam reviews of Poems Chiefly Lyrical. 1832-- Poems published. -- His brother Edward goes insane.1833 -- Hallam dies.1838 -- Engaged to Emily Sellwood.1840 -- Engagement broken off.-- Family moves to Tunbridge Wells.1842 -- Poems revised; his fame established. 1843 -- Entire fortune, 3500 pounds, lost on a project to make woodcarvings by steam, and his brothers and sisters lose an additional8,000 pounds.1844 -- Has an emotional breakdown.1845-- Receives Civil List pension of 200 pounds/year.1847 -- "The Princess" published.1849 -- Renews correspondence with Emily 1850-- In Memoriam published anonymously.-- Marries Emily Sellwood.-- Appointed Poet Laureate.1852 -- Son Hallam born.1853 -- Moves to Farringford, Isle of Wight. 1854 -- Son Lionel born.1855 -- Maud; a Monodrama published. 1859 -- Idylls of the King published.1862 -- New edition of Idylls dedicated to the memory of Prince Albert.-- Has first audience with Queen V ictoria. 1869-- The Holy Grail and Other Poems published.1872 -- V erse novelettes Gareth and Lynette published.1875 -- Queen Mary, a play, published. 1880 -- Ballads and Other Poems published. 1881-- The Cup produced, starring Henry Irving and Ellen Terry.1883 -- Accepts barony.1885 -- Tiresias and Other Poems published. 1886-- Locksley Hall Sixty Y ears After published.-- Son Lionel dies.1892 -- Dies.Major Works1. Poems by Two Brothers (the 1st collection of poems, 1827)《两兄弟诗集》2. Poems (his 1st important work, a collection of his early poems;1833)《诗集》3. two volumes of Poems (secured his position as the leading poet of his time, 1842; includes The Lady of Shalott, The Lotus Eaters,Ulysses is included) 《诗集》（第二卷）4. The Princess (1847)《公主》5. In Memoriam H.H.(1850; succeeded Wordsworth as poet Laureate) 《悼念》6. Maud7. Idylls of the King(1859)《国王诗歌集》8. Crossing the Bar 《过沙洲》9. Break, Break, Break 《浪花拍，拍，拍》Analysis of the poem“The Lady of Shallot”◆This was a dreamlike poem based on the Arthurian legends.◆This poem included the V ictorian views on women.◆It shows how the women were in a way isolated and set back from the men.Ulysses◆This poem was written in the year 1842◆Tennyson wrote this poem after he learned of his 22 year old friend, Arthur's death.Ulysses was a reflection his feelings towards Arthur's death and "the need for going forward, and braving the struggle of life.”(V ictorian web Jan. 5, 2005)◆Tennyson wrote Ulysses as a way to grieve and move on, after the death of his friend, in acreative way.In Memoriam◆Tennyson’s greatest poem◆Represents his struggle with Hallam’s death and with the new developments inastronomy, biology, and geology that were diminishing man’s stature in the universe.◆After publication of this poem, Tennyson was named Poet Laureate.Break, Break, Break◆"Break, Break, Break" is a lyric poem that Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892) was believed to have completed in 1834. It centers on Tennyson's grief over the death of his best friend, Arthur Hallam, a fellow poet. Lyrical poetry presents the deep feelings and emotions of the poet as opposed to poetry that tells a story or presents a witty observation. A lyric poem often has a pleasing musical quality. The word lyric derives from the Greek word for lyre, a stringed instrument in use since ancient times.◆ SummaryThe narrator grieves the loss of his friend, Arthur Henry Hallam, a promising poet and essayist who had been engaged to Tennyson's sister, Emily. Hallam died of a stroke in 1833 when he was only 22. Nature, of course, does not stop to mourn the loss of anyone. Cold and indifferent, it carries on; the waves of the ocean breaking against rocks along the seashore without pausing even for a moment. The rest of the world carries on as well: the fisherman's boy happily playing with his sister, the sailor merrily singing, the ship busily plying（经营生意）the waters of commerce. The poet’s own feelings of sadness are contrasted with the carefree, innocent joys of the children and the unfeeling movement of the ship and the sea waves. Downcast（情绪低落的）, isolated by his grief, the narrator yearns to touch the hand of his friend once more, to hear the sound of his voice. But, no, Hallam is gone forever; his "tender grace" will never again return.The Eagle◆Style"The Eagle: A Fragment" is written in two stanzas of three lines each and utilizes the iambic-tetrameter form of meter. Iambic meter is structured in units of two syllables where the first syllable is unstressed and the second is stressed. If the stresses are identified, the first line appears as follows:He clasps / the crag / with crook/ed handsThis poem is just a simple poem about an eagle.Eagle -- An isolated, powerful figure, ready to drop down and seize its prey.In the first stanza the eagle sits perched up on some high mountain crag in some deserted area, and in the second stanza he suddenly swoops down in flight. That's really all there is to it as far a subject matter goes. However, the significance of the poem is the interesting way Tennyson communicates that experience of the eagle through the poetic devices: crooked hands, ring'd with the azure world, wrinkled sea, like a thunderbolt, etc. Notice the interesting contrast between the two stanzas: in the first the eagle is sitting still, and in the second one he is in flight.The poem, consisting of only two stanzas, is one of pure imagery. The first description is of an eagle sitting of the side of a mountain, while digging its talons into the rock. The eagle, a bird of prey, of strength, size, gracefulness, keen vision and power of flight, is pictured as lonely. The bird, also known for his power and strength seems rather small against its surroundings. Although the eagle is alone and small against nature, its majestic stereotype is maintained by the placement of the bird at great height or as the poem states, "Close to the sun." The second depiction is a comparison of the eagle to a thunderbolt falling from the mountain.◆The eagle, at its great height, is a representation of a man at the peak of his life, clinging on desperately. The mountain represents the universe. Similar to the eagle's smallness as compared to the mountain, is man's as compared to the universe. The man is lonely in that he must enter and leave the world alone. Just as the eagle is a part or fragment of the mountain, the man is a part of the universe and they both leave when they "fall off."Both are encircled by their "worlds" and must stand or endure. The sea delineates life and the return to it after death because of the theory that states such. The thunderbolt characterizes death in that both are sudden, effective, and momentary. A thunderbolt is loud and it disappears just as quickly as it appears. Man was supposedly born water, and returns to his origins after death. Thus the water below the cliff maintains that idea as the eagle presumably falls in. In addition, the last words of each stanza, "stands" and "falls," are opposite to each other in definition. "Falls" is often used to convey death, while "stands" is used to convey endurance. Thus, falls and the suddenness of the thunderbolt, together convey death.Artistic Features⏹Tennyson is a great V ictorian poet conscious of the situation of his own age. He is the firstmajor writer to express the awareness of the vast extent of geological time that has haunted human consciousness since Victorian scientists exposed the history of the earth’s crust.⏹Tennyson is a real artist. He has the natural power of linking visual pictures with musicalexpressions, and these two with the feelings. He has perfect control of the sound of English, and a sensitive ear, an excellent choice and taste of words. His poetry is rich inpoetic images and melodious language, and noted for its lyrical beauty and metrical charm.⏹Tennyson is a moralist. He is closer to Pope and Gray than to, say, Browning. He is aclassical scholar with highly polished style, delicate tunes and faultless verbal rhythms.Although he attacks the evils of his time, especially money-worship, his attacks are most those of a moralist than of a radical reformer. His poetry is full of didacticism. He has made poetry the description of a beautiful and antique world, as if deliberately he is closing his eyes to the ugly industrialis m of his own century. His own past, his country’s past, the past of mankind and the past of the world are the theme of his poetry.⏹Tennyson is a great poet of nature. He sees nature as the setting for performances andspectacles as intense and transitory as the emotions which sweep across the mind.Comment on Tennyson⏹Tennyson is the most representative poet of Victorian age. He has perfect control of thesound of English. His works are not only the products of the creative imagination of a poetic genius but also products of a long and rich English heritage.⏹Tennyson was severely criticized by Imagist poets in the early twentieth century for hisaffectation and wordiness.08 英语3班李小莉（200803101310）。
Alfred Tennyson
classical and modern languages
Life Story
well-read melancholy
sad, depressed, down-hearted
sensitive
boyhood
companionship
poetry ,10
roaming
Life Story
1827 1830 1831 1832
12 metrical tales
Idylls of the King
《国王之歌》 国王之歌》 1850—1885
King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table
Malory’s Morte d’Arthur
His Major Poetical Works
Life Story
peer of the realm (上议院的贵族) in 1883
poet laureate in 1850
died in 1892
Lord Tennyson (丁尼生勋爵)
Major Works
• • • • • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Poems by Two Brothers《哥俩集》 《哥俩集》 Poems, Chiefly Lyrical 《抒情诗集》 抒情诗集》 Poems (two volumes) 《诗集》 诗集》 The Princess 《公主》 公主》 Maud 《毛黛》 毛黛》 The Idylls of the King 《国王叙事集》 国王叙事集》 In Memoriam 《悼念》 悼念》
His Major Poetical Works
131 short poems
阿尔弗雷德 丁尼生课件
• Hallam’s death threw Tennyson into a deep and long depression. • Nearly a decade passed before he published any poetry, and some of his friends believed that grief had caused him to abandon poetry forever.
• Toward the end of his career, Tennyson was knighted by Queen Victoria; this honor, never before given to a writer, indicates the enormous esteem in which Tennyson was held by the people of his country.
• In fact, he was working out his grief • by perfecting his craft during what he later called his “ten years’ silence.”
• He broke that silence in 1842 by publishing some new work that established him as the leading poet of his time. • And in 1850, after years of intermittent labor, he published his great elegy to Hallam, In memoriam A.H.H.(悼念）, recording the shattering effect on his spirit of Hallam’s death seventeen years before.
Alfred Tennyson丁尼生.ppt
The Princess（公主） appeared
About the highIn Memoriam（悼念）
1859-1885
Idylls of the King（国王之歌）
Death in 1892
Victorian poetry
The Victorian age produced two great English poets: Browning & Tennyson. Their poetry was characterized by experiments with new styles and new ways of expression. Browning has paved the way for modern English poetry in the twentieth century.
Victorian poetry developed in the context of the novel. Poets sought new ways of telling stories in verse.
All poets show the strong influence of the Romantics, but cannot sustain the confidence the Romantics felt in the power of the imagination.
1. Life Story
Born in 1809,at Somersby in Lincolnshire
His father was a vicar
Tennyson
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Entire fortune lost
Had an emotional breakdown
1847 1849 1850
The Princess published
About the high education of women
Renewed correspondence with Emily
In Memoriam published anonymously.
• Alfred Tennyson was born and bred in a country clergyman’s family and educated at Cambridge University. His early volumes of poems, published in 1830 and 1833, went unnoticed by the reading public, and he only achieved some fame with his two volumes of poetry in 1842. He received a ension from the government, and in 1850 he was made Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人 ) to succeed Wordsworth. From that time till he was created a baron and became Lord Tennyson in 1884, and in 1892, he died and was buried in Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂 ).
1892
Died
Major Works
• 1. Poems by Two Brothers (the 1st collection of poems, 1827)《两兄弟诗集》 • 2. Poems (his 1st important work, a collection of his early poems;1833)《诗集》 • 3. two volumes of Poems (secured his position as the leading poet of his time, 1842; includes The Lady of Shalott, The Lotus Eaters, Ulysses is included) 《诗集》（第 二卷） • 4. The Princess (1847)《公主》 • 5. In Memoriam H.H.(1850; succeeded Wordsworth as poet Laureate) 《悼念》 • 6. Maud 《毛黛》 • 7. Idylls of the King (1859)《国王诗歌集》 • 8. Crossing the Bar 《过沙洲》 • 9. Break, Break, Break 《浪花拍，拍，拍》
Alfred Tennyson （1809-1892）
小组成员： 朱玲莉、章璐、杜群 群、俞丽华、陈怡如
The ups and downs of his life
1892
75years old
1850
the early 20th century
1830、1832
1842
Introduction: His Life
Engaged to Emily Sellwood
Engagement broken off. Family moved to Tunbridge Wells.
1840 1842 1843
1844
Came forth with 2 volumes
Established Tennyson’s career as a writer
delicate tunes didacticism feelings faultless verbal rhythms
Appointed Poet Laureate. Married Emily Sellwood
1853
Moves to Farringford, Isle of Wight.
1859
Idylls of the King published.
New edition of Idylls dedicated to the memory of Prince Albert.
Life Story
1830 First volume of verse 1831 Father died, left Cambridge 1832 Published another volume Poems
his 1st important work, a collection of his early poems
Comment on Alfred Tennyson
1)
Tennyson is the most representative poet of Victorian age. perfect control of the 2) Tennyson is a real artist. sound of English 3) Tennyson visual is a moralist. musical 4) Tennyson is a great poet of nature. polished style
1862
1869
The Holy Grail and Other Poems published.
1884
Accepted barony.
peer of the realm(上议院的贵族)
1886
Locksley Hall Sixty Years After published. Son Lionel dies.
Life Story
1809.8.6 Somersby, Lincolnshire
1817 (8 years old) Began writing poetry 1827 Attended Trinity College Published Poems by Two Brothers Met Hallam
Hamllam and Tennyson toured Europe together in 1830 and again in 1832
not well received
affected and obscure
1833 Hallam died, silent for nine years
1838