2014年仁爱英语七年级下册Unit 6 Our Local Area Topic 1

Unit 6 Our Local AreaTopic 1重点语法There be 句型和方位介词短语。

There be句型和Have的区别时间”等名词，主语与宾语具有所属关系）①在表示"附属于某物/某处的东西"时，如：There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows.The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.②当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.注意事项：①there be 结构的否定句，把not加在be后面。

②一般疑问句形式，把be动词放在句首，句末用问号。

回答形式：肯定回答yes，there is/ are. 否定回答No, there isn’t/ aren’t.③there be 结构中的be是谓语动词，它在数上应与其后主语（名词或名词短语）的数保持一致。

原则上讲，主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is，主语是可数名词复数时用are。

⑤there be 结构中谓语动词be后有两个或两个以上的名词或名词短语作主语时，be动词常和靠近它的那个名词或名词短语在数上保持一致，即采用就近原则。

e.g. There is a lamp , a computer, some books and so on.There are some books, a lamp and a computer and so on.有一盏灯、一台电脑和一些书等等。

⑥There be 结构中的主语不能用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰。

若表示被限定的某人/某物在某地时，常用“sb./sth.+be+地点+其他”结构。

e.g. My book/ Tim’s book is on the desk.⑦there be结构中表示地点、时间的状语一般放在句末，但有时也可以放在句首，这样是为了强调状语，或是为了上下文的衔接。

⑧there be 结构表示“某地有某物（人）”，含义是“存在，有”，表示一种客观存在，have的含义是“有，拥有”，表主观拥有，主语一般是某人。

⑨否定句There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。

注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。

例如：There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall.=There are no pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree.=There is no bik e behind the tree.口诀：“有”字放前面，有“啥”放中间，地点（时间）放后面。

随着主语第一个，be的形式做变换。

单数is，复数are，注意be的大变化。

介词，一种虚词，表示句子中词与词之间的关系，不能单独使用，后要加宾语构成介词短语，才能在句中充当语法成分。

可做状语、定语、表语、补语和插入语等。

e.g. Some birds are singing in the tree. (做状语)The girl in a red hat is Lynn. (作定语)It is near my desk. (作表语)☺对做定语的介词短语提问，要用which；对做表语的地点介词短语提问，用where。

The girl in a red hat is Lynn. → Which girl is Lynn?It is near my desk. → Where is it?常用介词的用法：1)on表示时间，“在……”用于日期，星期，某天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上（指具体的某一天时，一律用on ）如：on Monday, on that day, on the morning of October 1, on a rainy day表示位置，“在……上面”，有接触面。

如：There are some pictures on the wall.表示处境，“从事……”。

如：He is working on maths problems.in “在……里/内”①用于一天当中的某个时间 e.g. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening②用于某个较长的时间，如在某年、某月、某季节等。

e.g. in 2014, in May, in summer③in+语音，“用某种语言表达” e.g. in English④in+地点名词，“在某地” e.g. in China知识点：1)在二楼second为序数词，前要加定冠词the。

PS. on the first floor 为美式英语一楼,floor地板，此处指“楼房的层”。

英式英语用the ground floor 表示一楼2)Why not......?= Why don’t you......? 用于向对方提出建议，后加动词原形。

意为“何不.......?”“为什么不.......?”回答常用Ok, let’s…/All right./That’s a good idea.e.g. Why not go upstairs and have a look? = Why don’t you…….？为什么不上楼看一看呢？3)go upstairs（adv.）上楼﹠go downstairs 下楼4)have a look （at sth.）看一看某物 e.g. Let me have a look at your pictures.5)talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词，接的是谈话的内容。

e.g. The students are talking about the film.talk with/to “与某人交谈”，后接谈话的对象。

e.g. I am talking to you all.6)near 介词，“在……附近，靠近……”。

next to 介词短语，“在……近旁；近邻；紧挨着”，比near距离更近。

7)so many +可数名词的复数形式，表示“这么多的......”e.g. There are so many books here.so much+不可数名词，表示“这么多的......”e.g. There is so much water here.8)in front of 和in the front ofin front of ﹠at back of in the front of ﹠at the back ofin front of the house在屋子（外面的）前面in the front of the house 在屋子（里面的）前面区别：加the的词组表示物体内部的前面9)put away (adv.) “把.....收起来，把......放回原处”。

代词放中间，名词放两边。

e.g. Put it/ them away. ﹠Put your clothes away. = put away your clothes.10)play with sb./ sth. “与某人玩/摆弄，拨弄某物”如：play with a ball 玩球；play withhis sister 和他妹妹玩play 用作及物动词时还可与表示体育运动或游戏的名词连用，体育运动或游戏名词前一般不用the（三餐球类不加the），如play football；与表示乐器的名词连用，乐器名称前常用the,如play the piano。

11)look after = take care of 照顾，看管e.g. You must look after your things.你必须保管好你的东西。

= You must take care of your things.12)in the center of = in the middle of意为“在......中央”, in the middle of(也可指“在......时间的中间”) e.g. I will go to Hongkong in the middle of October.13)in the tree（非树本身的东西）在树上,如birdson the tree(树本身的东西),如apples等on the wall “在墙上”指在墙的表面in the wall “在墙上”指在墙的里面14)on the left of the yard 意为“在院子的左边”on the left/ right of 意为“在.......的左/右边”（三）重点[介词]用法年、月、午（别），季（节）in加上，某日午别当用on；钟点时（刻）、日（期）用at, 一周七天均用on.（四）重点易错题：一）根据句意，用适当的介词填空。

1. Look, there are many apples __________ the tree.2.The football is _________ the door, so you can’t see it.3.My sister’s bedroom is __________ the first floor.4.Would you like to go upstairs _________ me?5.Here is your coat. You must look after it carefully.6.It’s a quarter _____________________ five. Let’s go home.二）单选1. —There _________ good news for you. I find your lost purse.—Really? Thank you very much.A. haveB. areC. isD. be2．Look at the picture of my bedroom. There ________ a ball and some shoes under the bed.A. areB. isC. haveD. be3. —_______ there a pair of pants on the bed?—No, but there is a coat.A. DoB. DoesC. IsD. Are4. The house is behind the tree, so the tree is _________ the house.A. in the front ofB. in front ofC. behindD. back5. There will ______ a class meeting ________ the morning of May 4th .A. have, atB. have onC. be, atD. be, on6. —What ________ on the desk?—There are some flowers.A. beB. amC. areD. is7. I’m glad _________ a letter from you.A. getB. gettingC. to getD. gets8. —Are there __________flowers in your room?—No, there aren’t.A. aB. someC. theD. any9. Jane is looking __________ her little sister, because her mother isn’t at home.A. atB. afterC. forD. up三)句子1. There are many apples on the table.(改为一般疑问句)_______________ ____________ ______________ apples on the table?1.My bedroom is next to my study. (对划线部分进行提问)___________ _________ __________ bedroom ?2.Jack is playing basketball. (对划线部分进行提问)_________ Jack _________ ?3.Why not go to the study? (同意句转换)__________ _________ ____________ go to the study?4.There are seven days in a week. （对划线部分提问）_________________________________________________?5.—Whose bike is this?—It’s not __________ (my). It’s ______________ (Jack).6.There are five rooms on the ______________ (two) floor.7.My cousin is playing games on the playground. (对划线部分提问)_________ is your cousin __________ on the playground?。