语法复习专题：定语从句
定语从句
高三语法复习之七------定语从句编号：NO.7 编制人：审核人定语从句（相当于形容词）句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。
一、分类：限制性与非限制性：限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，而非限制性定语从句只是附加说明，如果去掉主句意思仍然清楚。
非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。
I have been married to the man whom you met at my home last night. 限制性定语从句I have been married to a man, whom you met at my home last night. 非限制性定语从句二．考点清单：1、关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中做主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
1）、that, 指人或物：Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?The finger（that）I put into my mouth was not the one（that）I had dipped into the cup.2）、which, 指物：A chest’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. （做主语）The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful. （宾语）3)、who, whom, whose, 指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语：The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.Who’s the man（whom）you just talked to?This is the room whose window faces south.4）、介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
高三英语语法复习课件定语从句
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
4．that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语 或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
高三英语语法复习课件定语从句
（一）定义及相关术语
1.定语从句： 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语 从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修 饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词
关系代词有: that, which, who, whom, whose, as等
2. where 指地点，在定语从句 中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised .
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.
定语从句(语法复习)
6. The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.
四、关系代词which和that的区别：A.关 系代词必须用that的情形：
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
一、定语从句的定义：
用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 （antecedent）。定语从句一般是由关系代词 或关系副词来引导的。相当于名词，形容词 和副词的作用。
1.Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?
He was late again, which made the
teacher very angry.
一些典型句子。1. Is this the factory that/ which you visited yesterday?
2. Is this factory the one (which/ that) you visited? 3. He is one of the students who work hard in his class. 4. He is the/only one of the students who works hard in
I will never forget the day which/that we spent together.
I will never forget the day when/ on which I first met you.
语法专项复习定语从句.
that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.
考点二：连接词which的用法
Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整 个主句或主句的某一部分。
e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, __ B ____ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that
②as引导非限制性定语从句。as在从句中作主语、 表语或宾语，这个定语从句是说明整个句子， 它可以放在主句之前。
四、关系代词 which和as 在定语从句中的区别：
which-从句不能放在句首，而as-从句则能；在句中 时， as 有“正如”、“就象”之意，而 which 则 没有 。
eg：
I like the same book as you do .(as作宾语) I shall do it in the same way as you did.(as作状语) I want to have such a dictionary as he has. （as作宾语）
I happened to get thiatt in the bookstore yesterday. ④将关系词移至该句句首。－－成为从句。 ⑤把从句放在先行词之后。－－完成。
The book is very interesting. (that) I happened to get in the bookstore yesterday
e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______D______ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ____D____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
语法复习专题：定语从句
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.
Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class?
The woman whom you saw in the park is our geography teacher.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
The letter which I received yesterday is from my sister.
That’s the child whose drawing we were looking just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
This is the boy whose sister is a famous singer.
(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题 1、that与which的区别。 1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修 饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又 有物时。 e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没 有什么能阻止他不干那件事。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看 过的最好的一部。 Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生 是他认识的唯一的外国人。 2）用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；② 代表整个主句的意思；③介词 + 关系代词。 e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。 This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲 去年居住过的房子。
语法复习：定语从句
语法复习：定语从句
语法复习：定语从句
1.简单句（SimpleSentence)
2.并列句（CompoundSentence)
3.复合句（ComplexSentence)
(1)简单句的五大基本句型：
主语+连系动词+表语
主语＋及物动词＋宾语
主语＋不及物动词＋状语
主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾
主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补
（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。
其结构是：简单句+等立连词+简单句
eg:HehasstudiedEnglishforonlyoneyear,buthecanreadandwrit enow.
Keeponandyouwillmakeprogress.
（3）复合句：由一个主句或几个从句构成的.句子。
从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立。
根据从句在句中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
语法复习专项：定语从句
2 This is the factory _w_h_e_r_e__/_i_n__w_h_i_c_h_ my father once
worked.
3 This is the reason _w_h_y__/_f_o_r__w_h_i_c_h_ he was late.
(2) 当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词 时
He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet. 注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用he that…
He that promises too much means nothing. (3) 当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。 Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?
引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有： who, whom, whose, which, as, when 和 where 不可以用that和why
另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列 句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常 用并列句或简单句来表达。
I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.
＊定义 ＊关系代词、关系副词的用法 ＊限制性定语从句VS非限制性定语从句 ＊ as引导的定语从句 ＊常见考点 ＊解题步骤 ＊巩固练习
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句 叫定语从句;相当于名词和形容词的作用。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 连接先行词和从句的词叫做关系代词或 关系副词
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语法复习专题（12）Unit12 定语从句一、考点聚焦1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点：①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。
that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?7、宜用which而不用that的情况（1）在非限制性定语从句中（2）在关系词前有介词时（3）当先行词本身是that时（4）当关系词离先行词较远时8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。
（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。
如：Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?There is a room, whose window faces the river.There is a room, the window of which faces the river.10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。
Such books as you bought are useful.The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.注意：区别①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。
They are suchlovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引导定语从句。
I want to use the same tool that you used just now.（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。
区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如……一样”。
②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.As is known, the earth is round, not flat.11、关系副词when与where、why、thatwhen 指时间= in / at / on / during whichwhere指地点= in / at / from / whichwhy指原因= for which当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。
（非正式场合）I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.12、必须注意的问题（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。
有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marksin the match.（句中one为先行词）He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students 为先行词）②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.二、精典名题导解选择填空1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where解析：答案为C。
本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。
作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。
定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。
2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What解析：答案为B。
本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。
as作“正如……”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。
当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。
要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。
3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when解析：答案为B。
本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。
定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。
要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。
4.The English play my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which解析：答案为C。
考定语从句。
主句部分应是The English play at the New Year’s party was a great success.从句补全为独立句子应是my students acted in the play。
所以应选in which，其余介词不妥。
5.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that解析：答案为A。
本题考地点状语从句，用where引导。