高考语法专题：定语从句.doc
名校版高考英语语法专题 定语从句
名校版高考英语语法专题定语从句[语境中体悟用法]朗读下面短文，体会、领悟加黑单词为哪类关系词，在从句中充当什么成分，修饰的先行词是什么。
It was the summer of 2020, when①I came to Guangning No.1 Senior High School. Our school is a wonderful place, where ②I can see a lot of beautiful buildings and a large square. Our classroom, the roof of which③looks like a rocket in the distance, is located in the center of our school. The main reason why④I like our school is that I can make many friends. I can get along with my_classmates here, two of whom⑤are my best friends. Jack, who⑥comes from Tanbu Junior High School, is very active. He likes various sports, among which⑦he likes running most.He will run 5 kilometers every day, which⑧makes him look strong. Nick, whose⑨father is a teacher in Lianhe Junior High School, studies very hard. We often talk about the peopleand the things that⑩we see in our school. Nick prefers thefood that⑪is made in our canteen. The teacher whom⑫he likes is Mr Zhang, our math teacher, while my beloved teacher is my English teacher, Miss Chen. To be honest, I gradually fall in love with our school.[用法体悟]①先行词是the summer of 2020，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when (＝in which)引导定语从句。
2020近5年高考全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句(详解与真题)
2020近5年高考全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句（详解与真题）考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难句的分析等1考点聚焦功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后例如：He is the man who studies in USA.本句中涉及到三个概念：1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing 的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom关系副词：when;where;why3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。
2考点精讲1. 关系代词: who;which; that; whom; whose其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况(1) who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语)That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语)(2) which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语）That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语)There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语)(3) that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语）She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语)There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语)(4) whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。
高考英语语法重点：定语从句详细文档
定语从句一个好人 a good man（形容词作定语，修饰man）一个做好事的人 a man who does good things（定语从句作定语，修饰man）定语从句顾名思义，就是作定语的句子，主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词（先行词）。
定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。
在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体.从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。
those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中：定语从句在句子中的位置、结构：被修饰的名词/ 代词（先行词）+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)Unacceptable things=things that are unacceptable迈克是一个经常做好事的人。
那些大量饮酒的人会患许多疾病。
他总是说一些难以接受的事。
(一) 关系词定语从句中的关系词有两类：关系代词和关系副词。
1）关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that等。
●关系代词who(1) 关系代词who 的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在句中做主语,不可省。
She looked at Jeff who was waving his arms.她看着正在招手的杰夫。
I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.我有个喜欢古典音乐的朋友。
定语从句的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。
I don’t like people who get angry easily.我不喜欢容易生气的人.（2）先行词如果是指人物成员的集体名词，关系代词也用whoThe family who live upstairs are fond of music.住在楼上的这家人喜欢音乐.This class, who have got tickets , will go to the theatre this afternoon.（3）关系代词who可以引导非限制性定语从句Betty , who has never been abroad, is studying English very well.He , who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14, 1965.●关系代词whom（1）关系代词whom的先行词也是指人的名词或代词，在从句中做宾语。
语法专题一：定语从句
语法专题一：定语从句1. 定语从句的几个基本概念：1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常位于定从的前面。
2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。
3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。
作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。
作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略；指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。
注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。
作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。
作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。
4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦可用介词+which替代。
所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。
5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。
(1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。
(2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。
(3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。
(4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。
注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。
2. 一些特殊用法：1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况：(1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, theonly, the very等修饰时；(2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时；(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时；(4) 先行词既有人又有物时；(5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。
专题18定语从句(原卷版)
高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略专题18 定语从句定语从句1.概念：在全句中作定语的从句先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句的词。
它有三个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代表先行词3.在从句中作句子成分2.关系词a.关系代词指人1)作主语：I’m a scientist who/ that studies animals such as apes and monkeys.2)作宾语：The girl (whom /who/ that) I met yesterday is called Jane.3)作定语：I had a student whose creativity would infect others.指物1)作主语：I do not like the novels which/ that have unhappy endings.2)作宾语：I’d like to see the car (which/that) you bought yesterday.3)作定语：The house whose doors(=the doors of which /of which the doors) are green is my uncle’s.b.关系副词1)作时间状语(先行词是时间)：July is the month when (=in which) nature’s berries are in abundance.2)作地点状语(先行词是地点)：Upstairs he had a studio where (=in which) he painted a little.3)作原因状语(先行词是reason)：This is the reason why (=for which) he was late for school.4)作方式状语(先行词是way)：I don’t like the way that (= in which) you laugh at her.c.介词+关系代词Here was someone with whom I could share my feelings. [=(whom /whom/that) I could... with]He has three children, two of whom are college students. (部分与整体)d.不能用that 1)非限制性定语从句：He changed his mind, which made me very angry.2)直接位于介词后：These were all qualities for which I had once respected my elder brother.3) people, those, one等指人时多用who：People who reach out to strangers feel good.e.只/多用that 1)先行词包括人和物：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them.2)序数词或最高级后：The first thing that should be done is to work out a plan.This is the best dictionary (that) I’ve ever used.3) 指事物的不定代词后：Now all that was needed were the parents.4)the only/very后的事物：They are thought to be the only insect that does this.The Bird’s Nest is the very place (that) you cannot miss when you visit Beijing.5)who/which开头的问句中Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English?Which is the house that caught fire last night?3.非限制性定语从句三个特点: 对先行词起补充说明作用；用逗号与主句分开; 不可由that引导。
2025高考英语一轮复习语法专题：专题四 第1讲 定语从句
4.引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别
关系词
位置不同
表意不同
既可以放在主句前，也 意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动
as 可以放在主句后，有时 词多用see，know，expect，say，
还可插入主句中
mention，report等
which 通常放在主句之后
意为“这一点”或“这件事”等
As anybody can see，the elephant is like a snake. 正如每个人所看到的一样，这头大象像一条蛇。 The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。 She married again，which was unexpected. 她再婚了，这是始料未及的。
2.that和which引导的定语从句 that代替的先行词可以是人也可以是物，但是which代替的先行词只能是 物。使用这两个关系词要注意以下两点： (1)6种只用that引导定语从句的情况。 ①先行 词是 all ，everything ，anything ，nothing ，something ，little ， much，none，few，the one等不定代词时。 ②先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修饰时。 ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词 最高级时。 ④先行词被the only，the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时。
5.定语从句中的主谓一致 (1)关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保 持一致；先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。 The recorder that has been given to me is homemade.给我的那台录音机 是国产的。
高中英语真题：专题七 定语从句
专题七定语从句[全国卷考情分析]关系代词引导的[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016·四川高考)“I prefer to work in black and white，which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly .”2．(2015·江苏高考)The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.Ⅱ.单句改错(2017·天津高考)My eldest son，who work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.who→whose[再解读考点]1．关系代词的基本用法(2017·北京高考)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be i nspirations for great inventions.在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
(2016·北京高考)I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。
2．that和which的用法区别(2015·福建高考)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world wa nt to learn about China.《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
超实用高考英语语法专题复习： 专题十一 定语从句
（6）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。例：Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？（7）有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that。例： This is the book that you bought which you have lost.这就是你买的并且丢了的那本书。
（3）在下列习惯用语中：as (it) seems likely，as (it) often happens，as (it) was pointed out，as (it) was said earlier，as I remember (it)，as I understand (it)，as (it) appears，as is often the case，as anybody can see，as we have expected。例：Jack has won first prize, as it often happens.像往常一样，杰克得了一等奖。She has read widely in Romantic Literature, as it appears from her essay.她广泛涉猎了浪漫主义文学，这从她的文章中可以显现出来。
专题十一 定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词
ONE
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！ 养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
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高考语法专题：定语从句考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物： whois the man that is reading the newspaper over there? the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one (that) i had dipped into the cup. which,指物： a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语) the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语) who, whom, whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语： the man who visited our class yesterdayis our new headmaster. who’s the man (whom) you just talked to? this is the room whose window faces south.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略： this is the room in whichwe lived last year. = this is the room (which/that) we lived in last year. who’s the man with whom youjust shook hands?= who’s the man (who/whom/that) youjust shook hands with? 但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：is this the book which she was looking for?(2)关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
when,指时间： i still remember the day when (on which) i first came to beijing.比较：i still rememberthe day that i spent in beijing. where,指地点： thisis the house where (in which) i lived two years ago.比较：this is the house that i bought two years ago.why,指原因：在“reason”后： the reason why he was late is that thecar broke down on the way.比较：the reason that he gave usis not reasonable.34562020-02-20考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物： whois the man that is reading the newspaper over there? the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one (that) i had dipped into the cup. which,指物： a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语) the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语) who, whom, whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语： the man who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster. who’s the man (whom) you just talked to? this is the room whose window faces south.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略： this is the room in which we lived last year. = this is the room (which/that) we lived in last year. who’s the man with whom you just shook hands?= who’s the man (who/whom/that) you just shook hands with? 但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：is this the book which she was looking for?(2)关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
when,指时间： i still remember the day when (on which) i first came to beijing.比较：i still remember the day that i spent in beijing. where,指地点： this is the house where (in which) i lived two years ago.比较：this is the house that i bought two years ago.why,指原因：在“reason”后： the reason why he was late is that the car broke down on the way.比较：the reason that he gave us is not reasonable.34562020-02-20考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物： whois the man that is reading the newspaper over there? the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one (that) i had dipped into the cup. which,指物： a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语) the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语) who, whom, whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语： the man who visited our class yesterdayis our new headmaster. who’s the man (whom) you just talked to? this is the room whose window faces south.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略： this is the room in whichwe lived last year. = this is the room (which/that) we lived in last year. who’s the man with whom youjust shook hands?= who’s the man (who/whom/that) youjust shook hands with? 但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：is this the book which she was looking for?(2)关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
when,指时间： i still remember the day when (on which) i first came to beijing.比较：i still rememberthe day that i spent in beijing. where,指地点： thisis the house where (in which) i lived two years ago.比较：this is the house that i bought two years ago.why,指原因：在“reason”后： the reason why he was late is that thecar broke down on the way.比较：the reason that he gave usis not reasonable.34562020-02-20考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物： whois the man that is reading the newspaper over there? the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one (that) i had dipped into the cup. which,指物： a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语) the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语) who, whom, whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语： the man who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster. who’s the man (whom) you just talked to? this is the room whose window faces south.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。