GMAT数学概念和名词 Algebra
GMAT数学概念和名词Algebra & arithmetic Absolute value 绝对值Add (addition) 加Average value 算术平均值Algebra 代数Algebraic expression 代数式Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Arithmetic progression (sequence)等差数列Approximate 近似Abscissa 横坐标Ordinate 纵坐标Binomial 二项式Common factor 公因子Common multiple 公倍数Common divisor 公约数Simple fractionCommon fraction 简分数Complex fraction 繁分数Common logarithm 常用对数Common ratio 公比Complex number 复数Complex conjugate 复共轭Composite number 合数Prime number 质数Consecutive number 连续整数Consecutive even(odd) integer 连续偶（奇）数Cross multiply 交叉相乘Coefficient 系数Complete quadratic equation 完全二次方程Complementary function 余函数Constant 常数Coordinate system 坐标系Decimal 小数Decimal point 小数点Decimal fraction 纯小数Decimal arithmetic 十进制运算Decimal system/decimal scale 十进制Denominator 分母Difference 差Direct proportion 正比Divide 除Divided evenly 被整除Differential 微分Distinct 不同的Dividend 被除数，红利Division 除法Division sign 除号Divisor 因子，除数Divisible 可被整除的Equivalent fractions 等值分数Equivalent equation 等价方程式Equivalence relation 等价关系Even integer/number 偶数Exponent 指数，幂Equation 方程Equation of the first degree 一次方程Endpoint 端点Estimation 近似Factor 因子Factorable quadratic equation 可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete quadratic equation 不完全二次方程Factorial 阶乘Factorization 因式分解Geometric mean 几何平均数Graph theory 图论Inequality 不等式Improper fraction 假分数Infinite decimal 无穷小数Inverse proportion 反比Irrational number 无理数Infinitesimal calculus 微积分Infinity 无穷大Infinitesimal 无穷小Integerable 可积分的Integral 积分Integral domain 整域Integrand 被积函数Integrating factor 积分因子Inverse function 反函数Inverse/reciprocal 倒数Least common denominator 最小公分母Least common multiple 最小公倍数Literal coefficient 字母系数Like terms 同类项Linear 线*的Minuend 被减数Subtrahend 被减数Mixed decimal 混合小数Mixed number 带分数Minor 子行列式Multiplicand 被乘数Multiplication 乘法Multiplier 乘数Monomial 单项式Mean 平均数Mode 众数Median 中数Negative (positive) number 负（正）数Numerator 分子Null set (empty set) 空集Number theory 数论Number line 数轴Numerical analysis 数值分析Natural logarithm 自然对数Natural number 自然数Nonnegative 非负数Original equation 原方程Ordinary scale 十进制Ordinal 序数Percentage 百分比Parentheses 括号Polynomial 多项式Power 乘方Product 积Proper fraction 真分数Proportion 比例Permutation 排列Proper subset 真子集Prime factor 质因子Progression 数列Quadrant 象限Quadratic equation 二次方程Quarter 四分之一Ratio 比率Real number 实数Round off 四舍五入Round to 四舍五入Root 根Radical sign 根号Root sign 根号Recurring decimal 循环小数Sequence 数列Similar terms 同类项Tens 十位Tenths 十分位Trinomial 三相式Units 个位Unit 单位Weighted average 加权平均值Union 并集Yard 码Whole number 整数Mutually exclusive 互相排斥Independent events 相互独立事件Probability 概率Combination 组合Standard deviation 标准方差Range 值域Frequency distribution 频率分布Domain 定义域Bar graph 柱图Geometry terms:Angle bisector 角平分线Adjacent angle 邻角Alternate angel 内错角Acute angle 锐角Obtuse angle 钝角Bisect 角平分线Adjacent vertices 相邻顶点Arc 弧Altitude 高Arm 直角三角形的股Complex plane 复平面Convex (concave) polygon 凸（凹）多边形Complementary angle 余角Cube 立方体Central angle 圆心角Circle 圆Clockwise 顺时钟方向Counterclockwise 逆时钟方向Chord 弦Circular cylinder 圆柱体Congruent 全等的Corresponding angle 同位角Circumference (perimeter) 周长Concentric circles 同心圆Circle graph 扇面图Cone (V =pai * r^2 * h/3) 圆锥Circumscribe 外切Inscribe 内切Diagonal 对角线Decagon 十边形Hexagon 六边形Nonagon 九边形Octagon 八边形Pentagon 五边形Quadrilateral 四边形Polygon 多边形Diameter 直径Edge 棱Equilateral triangle 等边三角形Exterior (interior) angle 外角/内角Extent 维数Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal同旁外角Hypotenuse 三角形的斜边Intercept 截距Included angle 夹角Intersect 相交Inscribed triangle 内接三角形Isosceles triangle 等腰三角形Midpoint 中点Minor axis 短轴Origin 原点Oblique 斜三角形Plane geometry 平面几何Oblateness (ellipse) 椭圆Parallelogram 平行四边形Parallel lines 平行线Perpendicular 垂直的Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理Pie chart 扇图Quadrihedron 三角锥Radius 半径Rectangle 长方形Regular polygon 正多边形Rhombus 菱形Right circular cylinder 直圆柱体Right triangle 直角三角形Right angle 直角Rectangular solid 正多面体Regular prism 正棱柱Regular pyramid 正棱锥Regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体Slope 斜率Sphere ( surface area=4 pai r^2, V=4 pai r^3 / 3) Side 边长Segment of a circle 弧形Semicircle 半圆Solid 立体Square 正方形，平方Straight angle 平角（180度）Supplementary angle 补角Scalene cylinder 斜柱体Scalene triangle 不等边三角形Trapezoid 梯形V olume 体积Width 宽Vertical angle 对顶角Word problem terms:Apiece 每人Per capita 每人Decrease to 减少到Decrease by 减少了Brace 双Cardinal 基数Cent 美分Nickel 五美分Dime 一角Penny 一美分Down payment 定金，预付金Simple interest 单利Compounded interest 复利Foot 英尺Dozen 打Gross = 12 dozen 罗Gallon = 4 quart 加仑Fahrenheit 华氏温度Depth 深度Discount 折扣Cumulative graph 累计图Interest 利息Margin 利润Profit 利润Retail price 零售价Pint 品脱Score 二十Common year 平年Intercalary year(leap year) 闰年Quarter 夸脱GMA T数学概念和名词大全quartile就是小于median的所有数的median, hehe就是将所有的统计标本按顺序排列,再从头到尾分为个数相同的4堆quartile就是第一堆的最后一个,或是第二堆的第一个题目中,50个数,一定知道median是第25个或第26个同样,quartile是第12或是13个,the third quartile当然是37或是38个至于到底是37还是38,GRE不会为难你的,这两个数肯定一样对Quartile的说明：Quartile（四分位数）：第0个Quartile实际为通常所说的最小值（MINimum）第1个Quartile（En：1st Quartile）第2个Quartile实际为通常所说的中分位数（中数、二分位分、中位数：Median）第3个Quartile（En：3rd Quartile）第4个Quartile实际为通常所说的最大值（MAXimum)我想大家除了对1st、3rd Quartile不了解外，对其他几个统计量的求法都是比较熟悉的了，而求1st、3rd是比较麻烦的，下面以求1rd为例:设样本数为n（即共有n个数），可以按下列步骤求1st Quartile：（1）将n个数从小到大排列，求(n-1)/4，设商为i，余数为j（2）则可求得1st Quartile为：(第i+1个数)*(4-j)/4+(第i+2个数)*j/4例（已经排过序啦！）：1.设序列为{5}，只有一个样本则：(1-1)/4 商0，余数01st=第1个数*4/4+第2个数*0/4=52.设序列为{1,4}，有两个样本则：(2-1)/4 商0，余数11st=第1个数*3/4+第2个数*1/4=1.753.设序列为{1,5,7}，有三个样本则：(3-1)/4 商0，余数21st=第1个数*2/4+第2个数*2/4=34.设序列为{1,3,6,10}，四个样本：(4-1)/4 商0，余数21st=第1个数*1/4+第2个数*3/4=2.55.其他类推！因为3rd与1rd的位置对称，这是可以将序列从大到小排（即倒过来排），再用1rd 的公式即可求得：例（各序列同上各列，只是逆排）：1.序列{5}，3rd=52.{4,1}，3rd=4*3/4+1*1/4=3.253.{7,5,1}，3rd=7*2/4+5*2/4=64.{10,6,3,1}，3rd=10*1/4+6*3/4=7ETS明确规定Percentile是一定要求的一个统计量，不知道有没有G友遇到过关于Percentile的数学题，因为Percentile的计算比较复杂，所以我在此对Percentile的求法详述，以方便G友：Percentile: percent below用概念来说没什么用，而且易让人糊涂，所以在此我归纳出一个公式以供G友参考。
GMAT数学词汇汇总
GMAT数学词汇汇总1. 整数（integer）- 不包含小数部分的数，可为正数、负数或零。
2. 分数（fraction）- 表示一个整体被平均分为若干部分的数。
3. 百分数（percentage）- 以百分之一作为计量单位表示。
4. 有理数（rational number）- 可以表示为两个整数的比值的数。
5. 无理数（irrational number）- 不能表示为两个整数的比值的数，如π和√26. 实数（real number）- 包括有理数和无理数的数的集合。
7. 正数（positive number）- 大于零的数。
8. 负数（negative number）- 小于零的数。
9. 零（zero）- 表示没有数量或不存在的数。
10. 绝对值（absolute value）- 一个数距离零点的距离。
11. 平方根（square root）- 一个数的平方根是使得平方等于该数的非负数。
12. 立方根（cube root）- 一个数的立方根是使得立方等于该数的数。
13. 乘方（exponent）- 幂指数表示一个数被重复相乘的次数。
14. 对数（logarithm）- 是指数运算的逆运算。
15. 正弦（sine）- 三角函数中的一种，定义为对边与斜边的比值。
16. 余弦（cosine）- 三角函数中的一种，定义为临边与斜边的比值。
17. 正切（tangent）- 三角函数中的一种，定义为对边与临边的比值。
18. 弧度（radian）- 角度的计量单位，1弧度等于圆的半径长所对应的弧长。
19. 几何（geometry）- 研究形状、大小和相对位置的数学分支。
20. 代数（algebra）- 使用数学符号和字母来表示数和数之间的关系的数学分支。
21. 线性方程（linear equation）- 含有未知数的一次方程。
22. 因式分解（factorization）- 将一个多项式分解为乘积的过程。
GMAT数学2
GMAT数学第一部分数学基础知识一、代数Algebra例1 比较大小：.The number of distinct positive factors of n 14比较大小例2：252因子的个数是多少？例3 比较大小：A printer numbered consecutively the pages of a book, beginning with 1 on the first page. In numbering the page, he printed a total of 204 digits.The number of pages in the book 105例4 比较大小：In a certain two-digit number,the units' digit is twice the tens' digit. 5The tens' digit例5比较大小：二、描述统计descriptive statistics例6 比较大小：某长方形的周长为40，该长方形的最大面积100例7 比较大小：空间5个点能够构成的直线数目10例8：求3，13，17的标准方差。
三、排列组合combination、概率probability1．排列组合排列计算公式：，组合计算公式：。
2．概率例9：假如世界杯比赛共有32支球队，分成8个组，每组4个队，每组前两名出线，然后成对进行淘汰赛，直至决赛决出冠军，并且淘汰队不参加比赛，从中间任选出一场比赛观看是半决赛的机会有多大？例10：有4对男女，每对中有1男1女，从每对中选出1人，选出2男2女的概率是多少？例11：有3个打字员为4家公司服务，如果4家公司各有1份文件要录入，他们只能找到这3个打字员录入，且各公司对打字员的要求是随机的。
问每个打字员都收到文件的概率是多少？例12：两个骰子，六面的值分别为1，2，3，4，5，6，投掷这两个骰子，问其中一个骰子的值比另一个的值大2的概率为多大?四、几何(Geometry)例13 比较大小：R is a point in the rectangularcoordinate system and OR=5.The x-coordinate of point R 5 4.9例14 比较大小：(RS)2+(ST)2(RT)2例15：According to the graph above, when x=3, y is most nearly:(A) -1 (B) -1/2 (C) 0 (D) 1/2 (E) 1五、文字题(Word Problem)1.利息问题(interest)单利simple interest 复利compound interest例16：If $ 8000 is invested at 6 percent simple annual interest, how much interest is earned after 3 months?例17：If $ 10,000 is invested at 10 percent simple annual interest, compound semiannually, what is the balance after 1 year?2.折扣问题(discount)例18：The price of an item is discounted by 20 percent and then this reduced price is discounted by an additional 30 percent. These two discounts are equal to an overall discount of what percent? 3. 英美常识问题GRE难题解析例1：On a certain number line, if -7 is a distance of 4 from n and 7 is a distance of 18 from n ,then n=?(A) 25 (B) 11 (C)- 3 (D) 11 (E)-11例2：The diagram represents a rectangular garden.The shaded regions are planted in flowers, and theunshaded region is a walk 2 feet wide. All angles areright angles.The sum of the areas of the 2,800 square feetshaded regions例3：The map shows the only roads that connect thefour towns and shows the distance along each road.The road distance between Austen and Seburg The road distance between Coaltown and Woodland例4：How many positive integers less than 20 are equal to the sum of a positive multiple of 3 and a positive multiple of 4?(A) Two (B) Five (C) Seven (D) Ten (E) Nineteen例5：Which of the following symbols should be substituted for to make both of the statements true for all integers n such that -2< n≤3? (A) ≤(B) < (C) = (D) > (E) ≥4-n 6 4-n 5例6：In a soccer league, If there were 10 teams and each team played each of the other teams16 times, how many games did each team play?(A) 144 (B) 140 (C) 134 (D) 125 (E) 106例7：(NOTE: DRAWN TO SCALE)POPULATION OF THE U.S. AGE 55 AND OVER 1984 AND PROJECTIONS FOR 1995 INCOME DISTRIBUTION FOR POPULATION OF THE U.S. AGE 55 AND OVER,1984In 1984 median income for a person in the 55~64 age category was in which of the following intervals?(A) less than ＄10,000 (B) ＄10,000~＄19,999 (C) ＄20,000~＄24,999 (D) ＄25,000~＄34,999 (E) ＄35,000~＄49,999例8：A sample of employees were tasted on data-entry skills for one hour, and the number of errors (x) they made and the percent of employees (p) making x errors were recorded as follows.Number of error x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 or morePercent of2% 5% 10% 24% 14% 20% 22%employees Pwhat was the median number of errors in the sample?(A) 3 (B) 3.5 (C) 4 (D) 4.5(E) It cannot be determined from the information given.例9：d=7.56872 and D is the decimal expression for d rounded to the nearest thousandth. The number of decimal place where d and D differ 4例10：In a certain country, a person is born every 3 seconds and a person dies every 10 seconds. Therefore, the birth and death rates account for a population growth rate of one person every例11：Of the positive integers that are multiples of 30 and are less than or equal to 360, what fraction are multiples of 12?(A) 1/6 (B) 1/5 (C) 1/3 (D) 2/5 (E) 1/28inches例12：The figure shows a large square formed by fittingthree L-shaped tiles and one small square tile together. If arectangular floor 10 feet by 12 feet is to be tiled in largesquares of this design, how many L-shaped tiles will beneeded?(A) 810 (B) 405 (C) 270 (D) 135 (E) 45例13：The daily rate for a hotel room that sleeps 4 people is $39 for one person and x dollars for each additional person. If 3 people take the room for one day and each pays $21 for the room, what is the value of x?(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 13 (E) 24例14：A positive integer with exactly two different divisors greater than 1 must be(A) a prime (B) an even integer (C) a multiple of 3(D) the square of a prime (E) the square of an odd integer例15：x>z, y>z x + y z例16：x>y and xy≠0 (x + y)/x (x + y)/y例17：2AF=AB=BD=DE=AEThe sum of the area of triangularThe area of rectangular region BCEFregion ABF and area of triangularregion CDE例18：Each of the following numbers has two digits blotted out. Which of the numbers could be the number of hours in x days, where x is an integer?(A)25,06 (B)50,26 (C)56,02 (D)62,50 (E)65,20例19：There are 1200 represents to a poll, each favoring their preference for candidates A, B, and C. 54% favored A, 48% favored B, and 42% favored C, and there is 30% favored both A and B. What’s the largest possible number of represents favoring c, but not C&B, nor C&A? (A)25% (B)30% (C)28% (D)38% (E)40%例20：Out of 100 ladies attending the church fete, 85 had a white handbag; 75 had black shoes;60 carried an umbrella; 90 wore a ring, How many ladies must have had all four items?(A)15 (B)35 (C)5 (D)10 (E)25例21：In an insurance company, each policy has a paper record and an electric record. For those policies having incorrect paper record, 60% also having incorrect electric record; For those policies having incorrect electric record, 75% also having incorrect paper record. 3% of all policies have both incorrect paper and incorrect electric record. If we randomly pick out one policy, what’s the probability that the one having both correct paper and correct electric rec ord?(A)0.80 (B)0.94 (C)0.75 (D)0.88 (E)0.92a k100 200 300 400 500p k0.10 0.25 0.20 0.25 0.20例22：If in an experiment the probabilities of obtaining the values a1,a2,a3,a4,a5are p1,p2,p3,p4,p5 , respectively, then the expected value is defined as a1 p1+ a2 p2+a3 p3+ a4 p4+ a5p5.For the values and their corresponding probabilities in the table above, what is the expected value?(A)350 (B)320 (C)300 (D)270 (E)250例23：The standard deviation of the sample measurements 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 The standard deviation of the sample measurements 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9例24：What is the total number of different 5-digit numbers that contain all of the digits 2, 3,4,7 and 9 and in which none of the even digits occur next to each other?(A)72 (B)100 (C)120 (D)60 (E)48例25：Water is to be poured at a rate of 2.5 gallons per minute into a 500-gallon tank that initially contains 50 gallons of water.The percent of the tank's capacity that will befilled 1 hour after water begins to be poured in60 percent例26：In the figure, if x, y, and z are integers suchthat x<y<z, then the least and the greatest possiblevalues of x+z are(A)59 and 91 (B)69 and 135 (C)91 and 178(D)120 and 135 (E)120 and 178例27：The figure shows the dimensions ofrectangular box that is to be completelywrapped with paper. If a single sheet ofpaper is to be used without patching, thenthe dimensions of the paper could be(A)17 in by 25 in (B)21 in by 24 in (C)24 in by 12 in(D)24 in by 14 in (E)26 in by 14 in例28：In the table, what is the least number of tableentries that are needed to show the mileagebetween each city and each of the other five cities?(A)15 (B)21 (C)25 (D)30 (E)36例29：A store currently charges the same price for each towel that it sells. If the current price of each towel was to be increased by $1, 10 fewer of the towels could be bought for $120, excluding sales tax. What is the current price of each towel?(A)$ 1 (B)$ 2 (C)$3 (D)$ 4 (E)$ 12GRE数学常用符号及术语一.数学中常用符号+: plus X:multiply-:subtract÷:divideV~:square root|...|:absolute value=: is equal to=/=: is not equal to>: is greater than<: is less than//:is parallel to_|_:is perpendicular to>=:is greater than or equal to(或no less than)<=:is less than or equal to(或no more than)二.表达相应数目的前缀1:uni-,mono- 2:bi-,du-,di- 3:tri-,ter-, 4:tetra-,quad-, 5:penta-,quint,6:hex-,sex-, 7:sept-,hapta-, 8:oct, 9:enn-, 10:dec-,deka-,三.数学中常用单词术语abscissa 横坐标absolute value 绝对值acute angle 锐角adjacent angle 邻角addition 加algebra 代数altitude 高angle bisector 角平分线arc 弧area 面积arithmetic mean 算术平均值（总和除以总数）arithmetic progression 等差数列（等差级数）arm 直角三角形的股at 总计（乘法）average 平均值base 底be contained in 位于...上bisect 平分center 圆心chord 弦circle 圆形circumference 圆周长circumscribe 外切，外接clockwise 顺时针方向closest approximation 最相近似的combination 组合common divisor 公约数，公因子common factor 公因子complementary angles余角（二角和为90度）Composite number 合数（可被除1及本身以外其它的数整除）concentric circle 同心圆cone 圆锥（体积＝1/3*∏*r*r*h）congruent 全等的consecutive integer 连续的整数coordinate 坐标的cost 成本counterclockwise 逆时针方向cube 1.立方数2.立方体（体积＝a*a*a表面积＝6*a*a）cylinder 圆柱体decagon 十边形decimal 小数decimal point 小数点decreased 减少decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了degree 角度define 1.定义 2.化简denominator 分母denote 代表，表示depreciation 折旧distance 距离distinct 不同的dividend 1.被除数 2.红利divided evenly 被除数divisible 可整除的division 1.除 2.部分divisor 除数down payment 预付款，定金equation 方程equilateral triangle 等边三角形even number 偶数expression 表达exterior angle 外角face (立体图形的）某一面factor 因子fraction 1.分数 2.比例geometric mean 几何平均值（N个数的乘积再开N次方）geometric progression 等比数列（等比级数）have left 剩余height 高hexagon 六边形hypotenuse 斜边improper fraction 假分数increase 增加increase by 增加了increase to 增加到inscribe 内切，内接intercept 截距integer 整数interest rate 利率in terms of... 用...表达interior angle 内角intersect 相交irrational 无理数isosceles triangle 等腰三角形least common multiple 最小公倍数least possible value 最小可能的值leg 直角三角形的股length 长list price 标价margin 利润mark up 涨价mark down 降价maximum 最大值median, medium 中数（把数字按大小排列，若为奇数项,则中间那项就为中数，若为偶数项，则中间两项的算术平均值为中数。
gmat数学词汇大全
Absolute value 绝对值Add (addition) 加Average value 算术平均值Algebra 代数Algebraic expression 代数式Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Arithmetic progression (sequence) 等差数列Approximate 近似Abscissa 横坐标Ordinate 纵坐标Binomial 二项式Common factor 公因子Common multiple 公倍数Common divisor 公约数Simple fractionCommon fraction 简分数Complex fraction 繁分数Common logarithm 常用对数Common ratio 公比Complex number 复数Complex conjugate 复共轭Composite number 合数Prime number 质数Consecutive number 连续整数Consecutive even(odd)integer 连续偶(奇)数Cross multiply 交叉相乘Coefficient 系数Complete quadratic equation 完全二次方程Complementary function 余函数Constant 常数Coordinate system 坐标系Decimal 小数Decimal point 小数点Decimal fraction 纯小数Decimal arithmetic 十进制运算Decimal system/decimal scale 十进制Denominator 分母Difference 差Direct proportion 正比Divide 除Divided evenly 被整除Differential 微分Distinct 不同的Dividend 被除数，红利Division 除法Division sign 除号Divisor 因子，除数Divisible 可被整除的Equivalent fractions 等值分数Equivalent equation 等价方程式Equivalence relation 等价关系Even integer/number 偶数Exponent 指数，幂Equation 方程Equation of the first degree 一次方程Endpoint 端点Estimation 近似Factor 因子Factorable quadratic equation 可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete quadratic equation 不完全二次方程Factorial 阶乘Factorization 因式分解Geometric mean 几何平均数Graph theory 图论Inequality 不等式Improper fraction 假分数Infinite decimal 无穷小数Inverse proportion 反比Irrational number 无理数Infinitesimal calculus 微积分Infinity 无穷大Infinitesimal 无穷小Integerable 可积分的Integral 积分Integral domain 整域Integrand 被积函数Integrating factor 积分因子Inverse function 反函数Inverse/reciprocal 倒数Least common denominator 最小公分母Least common multiple 最小公倍数Literal coefficient 字母系数Like terms 同类项Linear 线性的Minuend 被减数Subtrahend 被减数Mixed decimal 混合小数Mixed number 带分数Minor 子行列式Multiplicand 被乘数Multiplication 乘法Multiplier 乘数Monomial 单项式Mean 平均数Mode 众数Median 中数Negative (positive) number 负 (正) 数Numerator 分子Null set (empty set) 空集Number theory 数论Number line 数轴Numerical analysis 数值分析Natural logarithm 自然对数Natural number 自然数Nonnegative 非负数Original equation 原方程Ordinary scale 十进制Ordinal 序数Percentage 百分比Parentheses 括号Polynomial 多项式Power 乘方Product 积Proper fraction 真分数Proportion 比例Permutation 排列Proper subset 真子集Prime factor 质因子Progression 数列Quadrant 象限Quadratic equation 二次方程Quarter 四分之一Ratio 比率Real number 实数Roundoff 四舍五入Roundto 四舍五入Root 根Radical sign 根号Root sign 根号Recurring decimal 循环小数Sequence 数列Similar terms 同类项Tens 十位Tenths 十分位Trinomial 三相式Units 个位Unit 单位Weightedaverage 加权平均值Union 并集Yard 码Whole number 整数Mutually exclusive 互相排斥Independent events 相互独立事件Probability 概率Combination 组合Standarddeviation 标准方差Range 值域Frequency distribution 频率分布Domain 定义域Bar graph 柱图Angle bisector 角平分线Adjacent angle 邻角Alternate angel 内错角Acute angle 锐角Obtuse angle 钝角Bisect 角平分线Adjacent vertices 相邻顶点Arc 弧Altitude 高Arm 直角三角形的股Complex plane 复平面Convex (concave)polygon 凸(凹)多边形Complementary angle 余角Cube 立方体Central angle 圆心角Circle 圆Clockwise 顺时钟方向Counterclockwise 逆时钟方向Chord 弦Circular cylinder 圆柱体Congruent 全等的Corresponding angle 同位角Circumference (perimeter) 周长Concentric circles 同心圆Circle graph 扇面图Cone (V =pai * r^2 * h/3) 圆锥Circumscribe 外切Inscribe 内切Diagonal 对角线Decagon 十边形Hexagon 六边形Nonagon 九边形Octagon 八边形Pentagon 五边形Quadrilateral 四边形Polygon 多边形Diameter 直径Edge 棱Equilateral triangle 等边三角形Exterior (interior) angle 外角/内角Extent 维数Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁外角Hypotenuse 三角形的斜边Intercept 截距Included angle 夹角Intersect 相交Inscribed triangle 内接三角形Isosceles triangle 等腰三角形Midpoint 中点Minor axis 短轴Origin 原点Oblique 斜三角形Plane geometry 平面几何Oblateness (ellipse) 椭圆Parallelogram 平行四边形Parallel lines 平行线Perpendicular 垂直的Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理Pie chart 扇图Quadrihedron 三角锥Radius 半径Rectangle 长方形Regular polygon 正多边形Rhombus 菱形Right circular cylinder 直圆柱体Right triangle 直角三角形Right angle 直角Rectangular solid 正多面体Regular prism 正棱柱Regular pyramid 正棱锥Regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体Slope 斜率Sphere ( surface area=4 pai r^2, V=4 pai r^3 / 3) Side 边长Segment of a circle 弧形Semicircle 半圆Solid 立体Square 正方形，平方Straight angle 平角( 180 度) Supplementary angle 补角Scalene cylinder 斜柱体Scalene triangle 不等边三角形Trapezoid 梯形Volume 体积Width 宽Vertical angle 对顶角Apiece 每人Per capita 每人Decrease to 减少到Decrease by 减少了Brace 双Cardinal 基数Cent 美分Nickel 五美分Dime 一角Penny 一美分Down payment 定金，预付金Simple interest 单利Compounded interest 复利Foot 英尺Dozen 打Gross = 12 dozen 罗Gallon = 4 quart 加仑Fahrenheit 华氏温度Depth 深度Discount 折扣Cumulative graph 累计图Interest 利息Margin 利润Profit 利润Retail price 零售价Pint 品脱Score 二十Common year 平年Intercalary year(leap year) 闰年此信息来源于网络，仅供参考，禁止用作网络商业用途海翔，精英一代的智慧之选，中国最领先的 GMAT 培训&商科研究生申请品牌。
数学词汇翻译精选
A．算术1.整数integerevenodddivisorpositive whole number negative whole number consecutive integer quotientmultipleremainderprime numberprime factor composite number 整数偶数奇数除数正整数负整数连续的整数商倍数余数质数，素数质因子，质因数合数2.分数3.小数十进制位个位数十位数十分位三位数小数点纯小数无穷小数循环小数4.实数absolute valuenonzero numbernatural numberpositive numbernegative numbernonnegativerationalirrational(number)5.比例common ratiodirect proportionpercent6.幂和根productbase/powersquare rootcube rootcommon logarithmradical sign/root signcardinalordinal7.集合subsetunionintersectionproper subsetsolution set8.描述统计学绝对值非零数自然数正数负数非负的有理数无理数公比正比百分比乘积底数/指数平方根立方根常用对数根号基数序数子集合集，并集交集真子集解集modearithmeticweightedgeometricrangemeanaveragemean众数算术平均数加权平均数几何平均数值域(最大值减最小值)common factorreciprocal/inversemixed numberimproper fractionproper fractionvulgar fraction/common fraction simple fractioncomplex fraction Numeratordenominator 公因子倒数带分数假分数真分数普通分数简分数繁分数分子分母decimal system digitunits digittens digit tenths unit 3-digit number decimal point decimal fraction infinite decimal recurring decimal9.计算方法阶乘排列组合10.数学运算B．代数式、方程及不等式coefficientnumerical coefficientliteral coefficienttermconstant termquadraticequivalent equationlinear equationsolutioninequalityexpressionlinearfactorizationfunctiontrigonometric functioninverse function complementary function variabledomain sequencearithmeticgeometricprogressionprogression数列等差数列等比数列C．几何1.直线和垂线线段端点中点直角垂线垂直线垂直平分线平行线平分对顶角直线锐角钝角顶角周角平角夹角内错角内角圆心角外角补角余角邻角角平分线对角线相交四边形五边形六边形七边形八边形九边形subtract/minus difference totaldivision divisible divided evenly dividend 减差用在加法中，相当于+ 用于减法中，相当于 - 1 除； 2 部分可被整除的被整除被除数dispersion standard deviation distribution frequency distribution 差量，离差标准方差(频数或频率)分布频数分布a line segmentendpointmidpointa right angleperpendicularperpendicular linesperpendicular bisectorparallel linesbisect2.相交线和角vertical anglea straight lineacute angleobtuse anglevertex angleround anglestraight angleincluded anglealternate angleinterior anglecentral angleexterior anglesupplementary anglecomplementary angleadjacent angleangle bisectordiagonalintersect3.四边形和多边形系数数字系数字母系数项常数项二次方程同解方程，等价方程线性方程(方程的)解不等式表达式一次的，线性的因数分解函数三角函数反函数余函数变量域quadrilateralpentagonhexagonheptagonoctagonnonagonfactorial notation permutations combinationdecagonpolygonmultilateralparallelogramequilateralsquarerectangleregular polygonrhombustrapezoidcongruent4.三角形5.圆圆形半圆同心圆横截面圆心弦直径半径圆周长弧表面积弧度(弧长/半径) segment of a circlepoint of tangencytangentinscribecircumscribe6.长方体和圆柱体edgevertexcuberectangular solidlengthwidthaltitudedepthregular solid/regularpolyhedroncylinderconespherepyramidvolumedimension7.坐标几何coordinate planeabscissaordinatenumber linecoordinate systemrectangular coordinatex-axisoriginquadrantslopeintercepta unique solutionno solutionparabolaE.句型The ratio of A to B is … A 比 B(A/B)isosceles triangle equilateral triangle scalene triangle right triangle obliqueinscribed triangle hypotenuselegincluded sidearmmedian of a triangle oppositealtitudevertexbase 等腰三角形等边三角形不等边三角形直角三角形斜三角形内接三角形斜边直角边夹边直角三角形的股三角形的中线直角三角形中的对边(三角形的)高顶点底circlesemicircle concentric circles cross section center of a circle chorddiameterradius circumferencearcsurface area radian坐标平面横坐标纵坐标数轴坐标系直角坐标系X 轴原点象限斜率截距惟一解无解抛物线边顶点立方体长方体长宽高深度正多面体圆柱体圆锥球体角锥体积维数十边形多边形多边的平行四边形等边形正方形长方形正多边形菱形梯形全等的弧形切点正切内切，内接外切，外接GMAT 数学概念和名词Algebra & arithmetic terms:Absolute value 绝对值Algebra 代数Algebraic expression 代数式Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Arithmetic progression (sequence) 等差数列Approximate 近似Abscissa 横坐标Ordinate 纵坐标Binomial 二项式Common factor 公因子Common multiple 公倍数Common divisor 公约数Simple fractionCommon fraction 简分数Complex fraction 繁分数Common logarithm 常用对数Common ratio 公比Complex number 复数Complex conjugate 复共轭Composite number 合数Prime number 质数Consecutive number 连续整数Consecutive even(odd) integer 连续偶(奇)数Cross multiply 交叉相乘Coefficient 系数Complete quadratic equation 完全二次方程Complementary function 余函数Constant 常数Coordinate system 坐标系Decimal 小数Decimal point 小数点Decimal fraction 纯小数Decimal arithmetic 十进制运算Decimal system/decimal scale 十进制Denominator 分母Direct proportion 正比Divided evenly 被整除Differential 微分Distinct 不同的Dividend 被除数，红利Division 除法Division sign 除号Divisor 因子，除数Divisible 可被整除的Equivalent fractions 等值分数Equivalent equation 等价方程式Equivalence relation 等价关系Even integer/number 偶数Exponent 指数，幂Equation 方程Equation of the first degree 一次方程Endpoint 端点Estimation 近似Factor 因子Factorable quadratic equation 可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete quadratic equation 不完全二次方程Factorial 阶乘Factorization 因式分解Geometric mean 几何平均数Graph theory 图论Inequality 不等式Improper fraction 假分数Infinite decimal 无穷小数Inverse proportion 反比Irrational number 无理数Infinitesimal calculus 微积分Infinity 无穷大Infinitesimal 无穷小Integerable 可积分的Integral 积分Integral domain 整域Integrand 被积函数A is a divisor of BA divided byB A divided into B Twice as many A as B A is 20% more than B A is 20% less than no less than no more than is equal toround toto the nearestis parallel tois perpendicular to closest approximationA 是B 的除数(约数) (B/A)A/BB/AA 是B 的两倍(A-B)/B=20%B (B-A)/B=20%大于等于小于等于等于四舍五入四舍五入平行垂直最相近似的Integrating factor 积分因子Inverse function 反函数Inverse/reciprocal 倒数Least common denominator 最小公分母Least common multiple 最小公倍数Literal coefficient 字母系数Like terms 同类项Linear 线*的Minuend 被减数Subtrahend 被减数Mixed decimal 混合小数Mixed number 带分数Minor 子行列式Multiplicand 被乘数Multiplication 乘法Multiplier 乘数Monomial 单项式Mean 平均数Mode 众数Median 中数Negative (positive) number 负(正)数Numerator 分子Null set (empty set) 空集Number theory 数论Number line 数轴Numerical analysis 数值分析Natural logarithm 自然对数Natural number 自然数Nonnegative 非负数Original equation 原方程Ordinary scale 十进制Ordinal 序数Percentage 百分比Parentheses 括号Polynomial 多项式Power 乘方Product 积Proper fraction 真分数Proportion 比例Permutation 排列Proper subset 真子集Prime factor 质因子Progression 数列Quadrant 象限Quadratic equation 二次方程Quarter 四分之一Ratio 比率Real number 实数Round off 四舍五入Round to 四舍五入Root 根Radical sign 根号Root sign 根号Recurring decimal 循环小数Sequence 数列Similar terms 同类项Tens 十位Tenths 十分位Trinomial 三相式Units 个位Unit 单位Weighted average 加权平均值Union 并集Yard 码Whole number 整数Mutually exclusive 互相排斥Independent events 相互独立事件Probability 概率Combination 组合Standard deviation 标准方差Range 值域Frequency distribution 频率分布Domain 定义域Bar graph 柱图Geometry terms:Angle bisector 角平分线Adjacent angle 邻角Alternate angel 内错角Acute angle 锐角Obtuse angle 钝角Bisect 角平分线Adjacent vertices 相邻顶点Arc 弧Altitude 高Arm 直角三角形的股Complex plane 复平面Convex (concave) polygon 凸(凹)多边形Complementary angle 余角Cube 立方体Central angle 圆心角Circle 圆Clockwise 顺时钟方向Counterclockwise 逆时钟方向Chord 弦Circular cylinder 圆柱体Congruent 全等的Corresponding angle 同位角Circumference (perimeter) 周长Concentric circles 同心圆Circle graph 扇面图Cone (V =pai * r^2 * h/3) 圆锥Circumscribe 外切Inscribe 内切Diagonal 对角线Decagon 十边形Hexagon 六边形Nonagon 九边形Octagon 八边形Pentagon 五边形Quadrilateral 四边形Polygon 多边形Diameter 直径Edge 棱Equilateral triangle 等边三角形Exterior (interior) angle 外角/内角Extent 维数Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁外角Hypotenuse 三角形的斜边Intercept 截距Included angle 夹角Intersect 相交Inscribed triangle 内接三角形Isosceles triangle 等腰三角形Midpoint 中点Minor axis 短轴Origin 原点Oblique 斜三角形Plane geometry 平面几何Oblateness (ellipse) 椭圆Parallelogram 平行四边形Parallel lines 平行线Perpendicular 垂直的Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理Pie chart 扇图Quadrihedron 三角锥Radius 半径Rectangle 长方形Regular polygon 正多边形Rhombus 菱形Right circular cylinder 直圆柱体Right triangle 直角三角形Right angle 直角Rectangular solid 正多面体Regular prism 正棱柱Regular pyramid 正棱锥Regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体Slope 斜率Sphere ( surface area=4 pai r^2, V=4 pai r^3 / 3) Side 边长Segment of a circle 弧形Semicircle 半圆Solid 立体Square 正方形，平方Straight angle 平角(180 度) Supplementary angle 补角Scalene cylinder 斜柱体Scalene triangle 不等边三角形Trapezoid 梯形Volume 体积Width 宽Vertical angle 对顶角Word problem terms:Apiece 每人Per capita 每人Decrease to 减少到Decrease by 减少了Brace 双Cardinal 基数Cent 美分Nickel 五美分Dime 一角Penny 一美分Down payment 定金，预付金Simple interest 单利Compounded interest 复利Foot 英尺Dozen 打Gross = 12 dozen 罗Gallon = 4 quart 加仑Fahrenheit 华氏温度Depth 深度Discount 折扣Cumulative graph 累计图Interest 利息Margin 利润Profit 利润Retail price 零售价Pint 品脱Score 二十Common year 平年Intercalary year(leap year) 闰年Quarter 夸脱GMAT 数学概念和名词大全quartile 就是小于 median 的所有数的 median, hehe 就是将所有的统计标本按顺序排列 ,再从头到尾分为个数相同的 4 堆 quartile 就是第一堆的最后一个 ,或是第二堆的第一个题目中,50 个数,一定知道 median 是第 25 个或第 26 个同样,quartile 是第 12 或是 13 个,the third quartile 当然是 37 或是 38 个至于到底是 37 还是38,GRE 不会为难你的,这两个数肯定一样对 Quartile 的说明： Quartile (四分位数)：例(已经排过序啦！ )：第 0 个 Quartile 实际为通常所说的最小值(MINimum)第 1 个 Quartile (En： 1st Quartile)第 2 个 Quartile 实际为通常所说的中分位数 (中数、二分位分、中位数： Median)第 3 个 Quartile (En： 3rd Quartile)第 4 个 Quartile 实际为通常所说的最大值(MAXimum)我想大家除了对 1st 、3rd Quartile 不了解外，对其他几个统计量的求法都是比较熟悉的了，而求 1st 、3rd 是比较麻烦的，下面以求 1rd 为例 :设样本数为 n (即共有 n 个数)，可以按下列步骤求1st Quartile：(1) 将 n 个数从小到大排列，求(n-1)/4，设商为 i，余数为 j( 2 ) 则可求得 1st Quartile 为： ( 第 i+1 个数)*(4-j)/4+(第 i+2 个数)*j/41.设序列为{5}，只有一个样本则： (1-1)/4 商 0，余数 01st=第 1 个数*4/4+第 2 个数*0/4=52.设序列为{1,4}，有两个样本则： (2-1)/4 商 0，余数 11st=第 1 个数*3/4+第 2 个数*1/4=1.753.设序列为{1,5,7}，有三个样本则： (3-1)/4 商 0，余数 21st=第 1 个数*2/4+第 2 个数*2/4=34.设序列为{1,3,6,10}，四个样本： (4-1)/4 商 0，余数 21st=第 1 个数*1/4+第 2 个数*3/4=2.55.其他类推！因为 3rd 与 1rd 的位置对称，这是可以将序列从大到小排(即倒过来排) ，再用 1rd 的公式即可求得：例(各序列同上各列，只是逆排)：1.序列{5}， 3rd=52.{4,1}， 3rd=4*3/4+1*1/4=3.253.{7,5,1}， 3rd=7*2/4+5*2/4=64.{10,6,3,1}， 3rd=10*1/4+6*3/4=7ETS 明确规定 Percentile 是一定要求的一个统计量，不知道有没有 G 友遇到过关于 Percentile 的数学题，因为Percentile 的计算比较复杂，所以我在此对 Percentile 的求法详述，以方便 G 友：Percentile: percent below 用概念来说没什么用，而且易让人糊涂，所以在此我归纳出一个公式以供 G 友参考。
GMAT数学词汇精编版
GMAT数学考试速查词汇AAbscissa 横坐标absolute value 绝对值account for （数量）占acute angle 锐角acute triangle 锐角三角形Add 加add toAddition 加，加法Adjacent 相邻adjacent angles 邻角Algebra 代数学algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 分式algebraic term 代数项Aliquot 除得尽数Aliquant 除不尽数alternate angles 内错角Altitude 高度Amount 合计Angle 角angle bisector 角平分线Apex 顶，顶点Apiece 每人，每个Approximately 近似的，大约的Approximation 近似，近似值Arc 弧，圆周的任意一段Area 面积Arithmetic 算术arithmetic(al) average 算术平均数arithmetic(al) mean 算术平均数或等差中项arithmetic(al) progression或series 算术级数，等差级数assume that 假定义……at random 随机地at right angles with 与……成直角at this rate 以这样的比率，价格或速度Average 平均，平均数平均的Axis 轴BBalance 余额bar graph(chart) 条带图Base 堤边，底面，幂或乘方的底数base area 底面积be across from 在……对面be closet to 最接近……be composed of 由构成be equal to 与……相等be equivalent to anther equation 与另一方程痛解be fewer than 小于be greater than 大于be greater than or equal to 不小于be inscribed in 内接于be less than 小于be less than or equal to 不大于be parallel to 平行于be perpendicular to 垂直于be substituted for 代替Billion 109Binomial 二项式Bisect 把……二等分Block 立体blot out 涂掉，删掉Bound 辩解，范围；邻接*brand*bulk 大量Ccalculate to three decimal places 计算结果保留三位小数Cancellation 约掉，消掉*car poolcatch up withCentCenter 圆心central angle 圆心角*charge 费用，价钱Chart 图表Chord 弦Circle 圆circle graph(chart) 圆形图Circular 圆形的，环形的circular cylinder 圆柱Circumference 圆的周长clear an equation of fractions 分式方程整式化Clockwise 顺时针Coefficient 系数*coinColumn 列，圆柱Common denominator 公分母Common difference 等差数列的公差Common divisor(factor) 共因子；公约数Common ratio 等比数列的公比Common multiple 公倍数complement 余角complementary angle 余角complete circle 全圆complete quadratic (equation) 全二次方程complex fraction 繁分数composite number 和数，指大于一而不是质数的整数compound 混合物；复利compound interest 复利compound annual interest 年复利concentration 浓度concentric circle 同心圆congruent （多边形）全等的consecutive 连续的consecutive integer 连续整数consecutive even(odd) integer 连续偶（奇）数consist of 由……构成constant 不变的，永恒的；常数constitute 构成，组成*contractor 承包商convert intocoordinate 坐标coordinate axis system 坐标系coordinate geometry 解析几何coordinate plane 坐标平面corresponding angles 同位角，对应角corresponding side 对应边*cost 成本*cost price 成本价counterclockwise 逆时针cross multiplication 交叉相乘Cube 立方体，立方；三次幂Cubic 立方体的，立方的cubic block 立方体cubic denominations 立方单位cubic solid 立方体cubic units 立方单位cumulative graph(chart) 累积图Curve 曲线Curved line 曲线cylinder 圆柱体cylinderic(al) 圆柱体的D*dealer 商人decagon 十角形，十边形decimal 小数；小数的decimal fraction 纯小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点*deck 一幅纸牌decrease 减少，减少量Deduct 扣除，减去Degree 度；度数（温度和角度）denominator 分母Denote 表示，意味着Depth 深度diagonal 对角线；对角线的diameter 直径*dietDiffer 不同，相异difference 差，差额Digit 数字，位（数）*dime 一角，十分dimension 尺寸，尺度；维（数），度(数)，元(be) direct(inverse) proportional to 成正（反）比*discount 折扣discount rate 折扣率distance 距离distinct 与其它不同的，独特的Divide 除dividend 被除数divisor 除数，约数divisible 可整除的division 除法*dollar 美元done(drawn) to scale 按比例绘制Double*dry mixture*down 付现款地（和分期付款相对）*dozen*dueEeccentric 偏心圆，；不同圆心的edge 立体的变或棱*encloseendpoint 端点equality 相等，等式equation 等式，方程equiangular 等角的equidistance 等距离的equilateral 等边形；等边的equivalent 等面积的，等体积的；等价的，相等的，等量的equivalent fraction 等值分数，如1/2和2/4even integer 偶数evenly even integer 能再平分的偶数（能背4整除）evenly spaced 等间隔的exponent 指数expression 表达式exterior angle 外角Fface 立体的面factor 因子；将……分解因子factorable 可进行因式分解的factorial 阶乘；因子的，阶乘的figure 图形*finish line 终点线*flatfold 对折footcandle （物理）英尺烛光（照度单位）formula 公式，配方fraction 分数from subtract 从……减去……from throughfrom to,inclusiveGgaingeometric mean 几何平均数geometric progression 几何级数，等比级数geometry 几何学graph 图表；用图表来表示greatest common divisor 最大公约数grid 格栅gross 总的，毛的Hhalfway 半途的halve 把……平分为二；将……减半height 高heptagon 七边形hexagon 六边形horizontally 水平地how much more thanhundreds 百位hundredth 第一百个；百分之一hypotenuse （直角三角形）斜边Iidentical 相等的；恒等的*illumination 照明度improper fraction 假分数included angle(side) 夹角（边）incomplete quadratic equationindefinitely 无限定地independent 无关地，独立地independent variables 自变量inequality 不等式；不相等in excess of 超过……infinite decimal 无穷小数，同non-terminating decimal infinite sequence 无穷数列inscribed angle 圆周角，同弧所对圆心角central angle的尺寸是圆周角的二倍inside dimension 内部尺寸installment 分期付款中每一期所付的款项integer 整数integer part 代分数的整数部分，代分数的分数部分是fractional part*intensity 强度intercept 截距；截取eg intercepted arc 截弧interest 利息interior angle 内角in terms of 用……来表示intersect 直线相交，point of inetrsection交点interval 间隔，区间in turn 依次，轮流invert a fraction 求一个分数的倒数irrational number 无理数Jjoint 接合，接合处Lleast(lowest) common multiple 最小公倍数leg 梯形的两条不平性的边；直角三角形的直角边length 长度lengthwise(lengthways) 纵长的lesslevellike(similar) terms 同类项line 直线，线段line segment/half line半直线，射线line graph 线型图literal coefficient 字母系数Mmathematical operation 数学运算mean 平均数mean proportional 比例中项measuremeasurementmedian 中数；中线midpoint 中点midway 中途million 106minor arc AB 劣弧ABminuend 被减数minus 减mixed decimal 混合小数，如3.14mode 众数monomial 单项式*mowermultiple 多倍的，多重的；倍数a multiple of multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplier 乘数multiply 乘Nnatural number 自然数negative number 负数negligible 可忽略不计的n-gon n-边形nickel 五分nonadjacent 不相邻的nonagon 九边形nonzero 非零；非零的not necessarily distinct 不必然不同的number 数，数字number line 数轴，规定了原点，正方向和单位长度的直线，数轴上的点和实数一一对应numerator 分数的分子numerical coefficient 数字系数Oobtuse angle 钝角，大于90度而小于180度的角obtuse triangle 钝角三角形octagon 八边形odd integer 奇数odds 事物发生的可能性，机会of one dimension 线性的on the average 平均operation 运算oppositeorder 顺序，订单ordinate 纵坐标origin 原点,origin of coordinates 坐标原点original equation 原方程overhangoverlap 部分重叠，部分搭交Pparallel lines 平行线parallelogram 平行四边形partpartitionpayrollpenny 分pentagon 五边形percent 百分号percent of interest 利率，同rate of interestpercent increase 增加的百分率percent decrease 减少的百分率perfect square(cube) 完全平方（立方），e.g.25是5的完全平方perimeter 周长perpendicular lines 垂直线pictograph 统计图表pie gragh(chart) 圆形图，饼型图palce （位）数plane 平面plus 加point 小数点pointer 指针point of tangency 切点polynomial 多项式pool 联营potion 一部分positive 正的power 幂，乘方preceding 在前的，先前的prime number 质数，素数*principal 本金，资本probability 概率product （乘）积progression(series) 级数，同seriesprojected 被预测，被估计proportion 比，比率；比例e.g. in proportion to与……成比例;Qquadrant 象限quadratic equation 二次方程quadrilateral 四边形quantity 数，数量quotient 商Rradical 根号，根式；radius 半径randomly 随机地rate 率，比率；速度，速率；价格，费用ratio 比，比率ray 射线real number 实数*rebate 回扣，折扣reciprocal 倒数rectangle 矩形rectangular 矩形的；成直角的reduceregularremainder 余数remote interior angles 三角形一个外角对应的两个内错角repeating decimal 无限循环小数revolution 旋转e.g. revolutions per min每分钟转速rhombus 菱形right 直的root 方根；方程的根round 四舍五入row:column 行Ssatisfy 使……成立scale drawing 按比例绘制（的图）scalene 不等边三角形，不等边的secant 割线section 断面，一部分cross section横截面sector 扇形segment 弓形；部分sequence 数列set 集合shaded region 阴影side 边，立体的面sign(symbol) 符号similar （三角形）相似的simple annual interest 年单利simple fraction 简分数simultaneously 同时地，同时发生地simultaneous equations 联立方程组slope （直线的）斜率solid 立体；立体的；实心的，单色的e.g.solid lines实线/solid color solution 解，答案sphere 球体square 正方形straight angle 平角，指180度的角straight-line distance 直线距离subdivide 再分，细分subtract…from…从…减去…successive 连续的，相继的such that 使得满足…的条件sum 和supplement 补角，指两角之和为180度surface area 表面积Ttable 表格take fromtangent 切线；相切的term 项throughtimes 倍；乘token 辅币toll 通行税total 合计to the nearest 10% 精确到10%transversal 横截线e.g. ~of parallel lines trapezoid 梯形triangle 三角形triangular regiontrinomial 三项式triple 三倍的……………………………………………………………最新资料推荐…………………………………………………Uuniform 一直不变的unit 单位unlike terms 非同类项unknown 未知量Vvalue 值variable 变量vertex 顶点vertical 垂直的；直立的；顶点的；对顶的Wwall （容器）壁weight 重量；重力XX-axis X轴X-coordinate X坐标XY-coordinate system 平面直角坐标系，同XY-planeYY-axis Y轴Y-coordinate Y坐标Zzero 零11。
GMAT数学重要知识点
GMAT数学重要知识点一、算术（Arithmetic）1.整数和有序数列：了解整数，包括负数、正数和零，还要了解等差数列和等比数列。
2.基本算术运算：熟悉加法、减法、乘法、除法以及它们之间的优先级。
3.百分比：掌握百分比的概念、计算百分比和百分比的应用。
4.比率和比例：理解比率和比例的关系，学会计算比率和比例，并在实际问题中应用它们。
5.概率和统计：了解基本概率和统计的概念，包括事件的可能性、期望值和标准差等。
二、代数（Algebra）1.线性方程和不等式：熟悉解一元线性方程和不等式的方法，包括带有绝对值的方程和不等式。
2.二次方程和不等式：了解一元二次方程和不等式的解法，掌握配方法、因式分解和求根公式等。
3.多项式和因式分解：了解一元和多元多项式的基本性质和运算规则，包括因式分解和乘法公式。
4.因数和倍数：理解因数和倍数的概念，学会找出一个数的因数和倍数。
5.分数和比值：掌握分数的四则运算，熟悉比值（比例）的概念和计算方法。
三、几何（Geometry）1.线、角和三角形：了解几何图形中线、角和三角形的基本性质和关系，熟练计算线段长度、角度和三角形的面积。
2.多边形和圆：了解多边形和圆的基本性质和关系，包括正多边形、外接圆和内切圆等，并能计算多边形的面积和周长。
3.体积和表面积：掌握三维图形的体积和表面积的计算方法，包括长方体、正方体、圆柱体、圆锥体和球体等。
4.坐标平面几何：了解坐标平面上点、直线和曲线的表示方法和性质，熟练解决与坐标平面相关的几何问题。
四、数据分析（Data Analysis）1.统计概念和图表解读：了解统计学中的基本概念，包括平均数、中位数、众数、范围、标准差等。
能够解读表格、柱状图、折线图和饼图等各种图表。
2.概率与组合：熟悉概率和组合的概念和计算方法，包括互斥事件、独立事件、加法原理和乘法原理等。
以上是GMAT数学部分的重要知识点，对于准备参加GMAT考试的考生来说，掌握这些知识是非常重要的。
gmat数学考试内容
gmat数学考试内容gmat数学考什么，关于很多计划如何准备gmat考试的人来说，首先必须要了解的就是各科的gmat都考哪些内容，好借此来准备复习计划。
下面就带大家了解gmat数学考试内容。
gmat数学考试内容由于gmat针对的是〔MBA〕的申请者，而MBA的学习必须要较强的数学推理能力，所以gmat数学考试难度相关于GRE General 而言较难。
ETS所给出的数学考试大纲要求掌握以下知识：Arithmetic 算术Elementary Algebra 基本代数Commonly Known Concepts of Geometry 一般的几何概念Data Analysis 数据分析gmat数学部分的所有题目都以两种方式数学背景和日常生活背景给出，考查考生所具有的basic mathematical skill(基本数学技巧)、understanding of elementary mathconcept(基本数学概念的理解)以及ability to reason quantitatively and solve problems in quantitative setting(在数学环境中的数字推理和解题的能力)。
关于中国考生而言，gmat数学部分的考查内容大部分是中国初中数学所涉及的内容，所以并不构成太大困难。
但因其也会涉及少量统计学中的简单概念，强调数学概念在日常生活中的运用，并且以英文出题，所以中国考生须了解其考查特点，熟悉英文概念，掌握应试方法和技巧。
gmat数学考试方法边做题边做笔记每次考完gmat考试，很多人都会埋怨数学时间太紧，根本没有做完，而在实际的观察过程中也发现了这样的问题，很少有同学能够在读完一遍后就开始答题，而是要读两遍，三遍，甚至更多遍才干进行答题，这大大的降低了答题的速度，那么怎么才干解决gmat数学速度问题呢?办法只有一个边做题边记笔记。
减少回读提升审题效率谈到回读和反复读，原因很简单，当一道题目里面的信息量过大且相对复杂时，只读题不记笔记的结果就是读着后面的，忘着前面的，读完最后一句觉得条件不完整，于是又回到前面去找条件，如此往复多次后才干找全条件，开始做题。
数学名词大全
cxGMAT必背单词之数学名词大全20093171317985026200931713155169634200931713161016878200931713162751798200931713164351485Algebra & arithmetic terms:Absolute value 绝对值Add (addition) 加Average value 算术平均值Algebra 代数Algebraic expression 代数式Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Arithmetic progression (sequence)等差数列Approximate 近似Abscissa 横坐标Ordinate 纵坐标Binomial 二项式Common factor 公因子Common multiple 公倍数Common divisor 公约数Simple fractionCommon fraction 简分数Complex fraction 繁分数Common logarithm 常用对数Common ratio 公比Complex number 复数Complex conjugate 复共轭Composite number 合数Prime number 质数Consecutive number 连续整数Consecutive even(odd) integer 连续偶(奇)数Cross multiply 交叉相乘Coefficient 系数Complete quadratic equation 完全二次方程Complementary function 余函数Constant 常数Coordinate system 坐标系Decimal 小数Decimal point 小数点Decimal fraction 纯小数Decimal arithmetic 十进制运算Decimal system/decimal scale 十进制Denominator 分母Difference 差Direct proportion 正比Divide 除Divided evenly 被整除Differential 微分Distinct 不同的Dividend 被除数，红利Division 除法Division sign 除号Divisor 因子，除数Divisible 可被整除的Equivalent fractions 等值分数Equivalent equation 等价方程式Equivalence relation 等价关系Even integer/number 偶数Exponent 指数，幂Equation 方程Equation of the first degree 一次方程Endpoint 端点Estimation 近似Factor 因子Factorable quadratic equation 可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete quadratic equation 不完全二次方程Factorial 阶乘Factorization 因式分解Geometric mean 几何平均数Graph theory 图论Inequality 不等式Improper fraction 假分数Infinite decimal 无穷小数Inverse proportion 反比Irrational number 无理数Infinitesimal calculus 微积分Infinity 无穷大Infinitesimal 无穷小Integerable 可积分的Integral 积分Integral domain 整域Integrand 被积函数Integrating factor 积分因子Inverse function 反函数Inverse/reciprocal 倒数Least common denominator 最小公分母Least common multiple 最小公倍数Literal coefficient 字母系数Like terms 同类项Linear 线性的Minuend 被减数Subtrahend 被减数Mixed decimal 混合小数Mixed number 带分数Minor 子行列式Multiplicand 被乘数Multiplication 乘法Multiplier 乘数Monomial 单项式Mean 平均数Mode 众数Median 中数Negative (positive) number 负(正)数Numerator 分子Null set (empty set) 空集Number theory 数论Number line 数轴Numerical analysis 数值分析Natural logarithm 自然对数Natural number 自然数Nonnegative 非负数Original equation 原方程Ordinary scale 十进制Ordinal 序数Percentage 百分比Parentheses 括号Polynomial 多项式Power 乘方Product 积Proper fraction 真分数Proportion 比例Permutation 排列Proper subset 真子集Prime factor 质因子Progression 数列Quadrant 象限Quadratic equation 二次方程Quarter 四分之一Ratio 比率Real number 实数Round off 四舍五入Round to 四舍五入Root 根Radical sign 根号Root sign 根号Recurring decimal 循环小数Sequence 数列Similar terms 同类项Tens 十位Tenths 十分位Trinomial 三相式Units 个位Unit 单位Weighted average 加权平均值Union 并集Yard 码Whole number 整数Mutually exclusive 互相排斥Independent events 相互独立事件Probability 概率Combination 组合Standard deviation 标准方差Range 值域Frequency distribution 频率分布Domain 定义域Bar graph 柱图Geometry terms:Angle bisector 角平分线Adjacent angle 邻角Alternate angel 内错角Acute angle 锐角Obtuse angle 钝角Bisect 角平分线Adjacent vertices 相邻顶点Arc 弧Altitude 高Arm 直角三角形的股Complex plane 复平面Convex (concave) polygon 凸(凹)多边形Complementary angle 余角Cube 立方体Central angle 圆心角Circle 圆Clockwise 顺时钟方向Counterclockwise 逆时钟方向Chord 弦Circular cylinder 圆柱体Congruent 全等的Corresponding angle 同位角Circumference (perimeter) 周长Concentric circles 同心圆Circle graph 扇面图Cone (V =pai * r^2 * h/3) 圆锥Circumscribe 外切Inscribe 内切Diagonal 对角线Decagon 十边形Hexagon 六边形Nonagon 九边形Octagon 八边形Pentagon 五边形Quadrilateral 四边形Polygon 多边形Diameter 直径Edge 棱Equilateral triangle 等边三角形Exterior (interior) angle 外角/内角Extent 维数Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal同旁外角Hypotenuse 三角形的斜边Intercept 截距Included angle 夹角Intersect 相交Inscribed triangle 内接三角形Isosceles triangle 等腰三角形Midpoint 中点Minor axis 短轴Origin 原点Oblique 斜三角形Plane geometry 平面几何Oblateness (ellipse) 椭圆Parallelogram 平行四边形Parallel lines 平行线Perpendicular 垂直的Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理Pie chart 扇图Quadrihedron 三角锥Radius 半径Rectangle 长方形Regular polygon 正多边形Rhombus 菱形Right circular cylinder 直圆柱体Right triangle 直角三角形Right angle 直角Rectangular solid 正多面体Regular prism 正棱柱Regular pyramid 正棱锥Regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体Slope 斜率Sphere ( surface area=4 pai r^2, V=4 pai r^3 / 3)Side 边长Segment of a circle 弧形Semicircle 半圆Solid 立体Square 正方形，平方Straight angle 平角(180度) Supplementary angle 补角Scalene cylinder 斜柱体Scalene triangle 不等边三角形Trapezoid 梯形Volume 体积Width 宽Vertical angle 对顶角Word problem terms:Apiece 每人Per capita 每人Decrease to 减少到Decrease by 减少了Brace 双Cardinal 基数Cent 美分Nickel 五美分Dime 一角Penny 一美分Down payment 定金，预付金Simple interest 单利Compounded interest 复利Foot 英尺Dozen 打Gross = 12 dozen 罗Gallon = 4 quart 加仑Fahrenheit 华氏温度Depth 深度Discount 折扣Cumulative graph 累计图Interest 利息Margin 利润Profit 利润Retail price 零售价Pint 品脱Score 二十Common year 平年Intercalary year(leap year) 闰年Quarter 夸脱代数 ALGEBRA1.数论natural number 自然数 positive number 正数 negative number 负数odd integer, odd number 奇数 even integer, even number 偶数 integer, whole number 整数 positive whole number 正整数 negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数real number, rational number 实数,有理数 irrational(number)无理数 inverse 倒数composite number 合数e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15… prime number 质数e.g. 2,3,5,7,11,13,15… reciprocal 倒数 common divisor 公约数 multiple 倍数 (minimum) common multiple (最小)公倍数 (prime) factor(质)因子common factor 公因子ordinary scale, decimal scale 十进制 nonnegative 非负的 tens 十位 units 个位mode 众数 mean平均数 median中值 common ratio 公比2. 基本数学概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值 weighted average 加权平均值 geometric mean 几何平均数 exponent 指数，幂 base 乘幂的底数,底边 cube 立方数，立方体 square root平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm 常用对数digit 数字 constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementary function 余函数 linear 一次的，线性的 factorization 因式分解 absolute value 绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32 round off 四舍五入数学3. 基本运算add，plus 加 subtract 减 difference 差 multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除divisible 可被整除的 divided evenly 被整除 dividend 被除数，红利divisor 因子,除数，公约数 quotient 商remainder 余数 factorial 阶乘 power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号 round to 四舍五入 to the nearest 四舍五入4.代数式，方程，不等式algebraic term 代数项 like terms, similar terms 同类项 numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality 三角不等式 range 值域 original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程，等价方程 linear equation 线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)5.分数，小数proper fraction 真分数 improper fraction 假分数 mixed number 带分数 vulgar fraction，common fraction 普通分数 simple fraction 简分数 complex fraction 繁分数 numerator 分子 denominator 分母 (least)common denominator (最小)公分母quarter 四分之一 decimal fraction 纯小数 infinite decimal 无穷小数 recurring decimal 循环小数 tenths unit 十分位6. 集合union 并集 proper subset 真子集 solution set 解集7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列 geometric progression(sequence) 等比数列8.其它approximate 近似 (anti)clockwise (逆) 顺时针方向 cardinal 基数ordinal 序数 direct proportion 正比 distinct 不同的 estimation 估计，近似 parentheses 括号 proportion 比例 permutation 排列combination 组合 table 表格 trigonometric function 三角函数 unit 单位,位几何 GEOMETRY1.角alternate angle 内错角 corresponding angle 同位角 vertical angle 对顶角central angle 圆心角 interior angle 内角 exterior angle 外角 supplementary angles 补角complementary angle 余角 adjacent angle 邻角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角right angle 直角 round angle 周角 straight angle 平角included angle 夹角2.三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形 scalene triangle 不等边三角形sosceles triangle 等腰三角形 right triangle 直角三角形 oblique 斜三角形 inscribed triangle 内接三角形3.收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle 半圆 concentric circles 同心圆 quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon 六边形 heptagon 七边形 octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形 decagon 十边形 polygon 多边形 parallelogram 平行四边形 equilateral 等边形 plane 平面square 正方形，平方 rectangle长方形 regular polygon 正多边形 rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4.其它平面图形arc 弧line, straight line 直线line segment 线段 parallel lines平行线segment of a circle 弧形5.立体图形cube 立方体，立方数 rectangular solid 长方体regular olid/regularpolyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体 cone 圆锥 sphere 球体 solid 立体的6.图形的附属概念plane geometry 平面几何 trigonometry 三角学 bisect 平分ircumscribe 外切inscribe 内切intersect 相交 perpendicular 垂直 Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理(毕达哥拉斯定理)congruent 全等的multilateral 多边的 altitude 高 depth 深度side 边长 circumference, perimeter 周长 adian 弧度 surface area 表面积 volume 体积 arm 直角三角形的股 cross section 横截面 center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径 angle bisector 角平分线 diagonal 对角线 edge 棱face of a solid 立体的面 hypotenuse 斜边included side 夹边 leg 三角形的直角边median(三角形的)中线 base底边，底数(e.g. 2的5次方，2就是底数) opposite 直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点 endpoint 端点 vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent 切线的transversal 截线 intercept 截距7.坐标coordinate system 坐标系 rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系 origin 原点abscissa 横坐标 ordinate 纵坐标 number line 数轴 quadrant 象限 slope 斜率complex plane 复平面8.计量单位cent 美分 penny 一美分硬币 nickel 5美分硬币 dime 一角硬币 dozen 打(12个) score 廿(20个) Centigrade 摄氏 Fahrenheit 华氏 quart 夸脱 gallon 加仑(1 gallon = 4 quart) yard 码 meter 米 micron 微米 inch 英寸 foot 英尺 minute 分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)square measure 平方单位制 cubic meter 立方米 pint 品脱(干量或液量的单位)基本规律2 所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数2 若b>a，则b/a > (b+1)/(a+1) ；若b < a>其它1.单位类cent 美分 penny 一美分硬币 nickel 5美分硬币 dime 一角硬币 dozen 打(12个) score 廿(20个) Centigrade 摄氏 Fahrenheit 华氏 quart 夸脱 gallon 加仑(1 gallon = 4 quart) yard 码 meter 米 micron 微米 inch 英寸 foot 英尺 minute 分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) square measure 平方单位制 cubic meter 立方米 pint 品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leap year) 闰年(366天) common year 平年(365天) depreciation 折旧 down payment 直接付款 discount 打折 margin 利润 profit 利润interest 利息 simple interest 单利 compounded interest 复利 dividend 红利decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了 increase to 增加到 increase by 增加了denote 表示 list price 标价 markup 涨价 per capita 每人 ratio 比率 retail price 零售价 tie 打。
GMAT数学术语
retail price 零售价 /per capita 每人 cent 美分/penny 一美分硬币 nickel 5美分硬币 /dime 一角硬币 dozen 打(12个) / score 廿 (20个) Centigrade 摄氏/Fahrenheit 华氏 quart 夸脱/ gallon 加仑
proper fraction 真分数 improper fraction 假分数 mixed number 带分数 vulgar /common fraction 普通分数 simple fraction 简分数 complex fraction 繁分数 numerator 分子 denominator 分母 common denominator 公分母 quarter 四分之一 ordinary /decimal scale 十进制 tens 十位 , units 个位 tenths unit 十分位
central angle 圆心角 interior angle 内角 exterior angle 外角 acute angle 锐角 obtuse angle 钝角 trigonometry 三角学 equilateral triangle 等边三角形 scalene triangle 不等边三角形 isoscele oblique 斜三角形 inscribed triangle 内接三角形
几何-坐标
arm 直角三角形的股 hypotenuse 斜边 included side 夹边 Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理 leg 三角形的直角边 median（三角形的）中线 base底边，底数 opposite 直角三角形中的对边 cross section 横截面 vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点 tangent 切线的 complex plane 复平面
雷哥GMAT网络课程知识点(GMAT数学)
●代数-数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer/number奇数even integer/number偶数Integer/whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real/rational number实数,有理数Irrational number无理数inverse /reciprocal倒数mode众数composite number合数prime number质数common divisor公约数multiple倍数common multiple公倍数(prime) factor(质)因子common factor公因子common ratio公比nonnegative非负的mean平均数median中值standard deviation 标准偏差●代数-基本数学概念ALGEBRA代数arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent= power指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数divisor因子,除数,公约数constant常数variable变数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值round to/off ,to the nearest四舍五入difference差product积quotient商remainder余数●代数-基本运算,小数,分数Add/plus加subtract减Multiply / times乘divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数，红利factorial阶乘radical /root sign根号decimal fraction纯小数terminating decimal 有限小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母common denominator公分母quarter四分之一ordinary /decimal scale十进制tens十位 , units个位tenths十分位●代数-方程,集合,数列algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解/等价方程linear equation线性方程union并集solution set解集arithmetic sequence等差数列geometric sequence等比数列approximate近似(counter) clockwise (逆)顺时针方向direct proportion正比parentheses括号proportion比例permutation = arrangement排列combination组合●几何-三角plane geometry平面几何plane平面alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角supplementary angles补角complementary angle余角adjacent angle邻角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形●几何-平面,立体quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形square正方形，平方rectangle长方形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形equilateral等边形regular polygon正多边形concentric circles同心圆line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines并行线equidistant 等距rectangular solid长方体regular solid/polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的几何-图形概念bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直congruent全等的multilateral多边的side边长circumference (圆), perimeter周长diameter直径radius半径chord弦arc弧semicircle半圆radian弧度center of a circle圆心segment of a circle弧形angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线cube立方体，立方数face of a solid立体的面altitude高depth深度volume体积surface area表面积edge棱几何-坐标arm直角三角形的股hypotenuse斜边included side夹边Pythagorean theorem勾股定理leg三角形的直角边median（三角形的）中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边cross section横截面vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的complex plane复平面midpoint中点endpoint端点coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率transversal截线intercept截距商业术语,计量单位Intercalary/leap year闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折/ denote表示margin /profit/ markup利润interest利息/ dividend红利simple interest单利compounded interest复利Increase / decrease to增加/减少到increase /decrease by增加/减少了list price标价/markup涨价retail price零售价/per capita每人cent美分/penny一美分硬币(10 cent) nickel 5美分硬币/dime一角硬币dozen打(12个) / score廿(20个) Centigrade摄氏/Fahrenheit华氏quart夸脱/ gallon加仑(1 gallon = 4 quart)yard码/ inch英寸/ foot英尺meter米/ micron微米square measure平方单位制cubic meter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)Data Sufficiency Section●Structure of Solving SystemCheck (1)A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.●Answer Types-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is x < 0?(1)x2 + 7x +12 = 0(2)x2 +10x +21 = 0Solution:(1) x2 + 7x +12 = (x+4)(x+3) = 0, x = -4 or -3(2) x2 +10x +21 = (x+7)(x+3) = 0, x = -7 or -3D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(1)x2 +10x +21 = 0(2)x2 - 2x - 15 = 0Solution:(1) (x+7)(x+3) = 0, x = -7 or -3(2) (x-5)(x+3) = 0, x = 5 or -3A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is x < 0?(1)x2 - 2x - 15 = 0(2)x2 +10x +21 = 0Solution:(1) (x-5)(x+3) = 0, x = 5 or -3(2) (x+7)(x+3) = 0, x = -7 or -3B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is x < 0?(1)x2 - 2x - 15 = 0(2)x2 - 4x - 21 = 0Solution:(1) (x-5)(x+3) = 0, x = 5 or -3(2) (x-7)(x+3) = 0, x = 7 or -3(1) + (2) x = -3C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(1)x2 - 1 = 0(2)|x| = 1Solution:(1) x2 = 1, x = 1 or -1(2) |x| = 1, x = 1 or -1(1) + (2) x = 1 or -1E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Number Basics SectionReal Number (实数): a value that represents a quantity along a continuum (for all GMAT questions)(Including: Integer VS Decimal & Fraction, Positive VS Negative, Rational VS Irrational)→≧0, x ≧01→ x ≠0xInteger:Positive Integer: 正整数(不包括0) Nonnegative Integer: 非负整数(包括0) Negative Integer: 负整数(不包括0) Nonpositive Integer: 非正整数(包括0) Square of Integer: 质因子分解之后，指数皆为偶数0: 1. 0 is even2. Multiple of all integersDecimal (小数) ←→ Fraction (分数)Rounded (to the nearest…..): 约分至最近的某位数terminating decimal or decimal that contains finite number of nonzero digits (有限小数) 确定分子和分母为整数之后:1. 分母没有2 or 5 之外的”质因子”2. 约成最简分数后不可有2 or 5 之外的质因子Fraction (分数、比重):1. Consists of an integer numerator and a non-zero integer denominator (分数)2. Part of whole (比重)●Ratio (比例)Ratio of A to B → A : B = A B●Equality (等式)Be careful of 0!xy = y → x = 1 or y = 0●Inequality (不等式)Be careful of the sign and the Reciprocal!if x > y → -x < -y, 11x y<(在确定同正or 同负下成立)●Absolute ValueDefinition: if x≧0, |x| = xx < 0, |x| = -x1. |x| = c → x = c or –c, y≧02. |x| = |y| → x = y or –y3.|x| < k → -k < x < k|x| > k → x < -k or x > kGeometry Interpretation:|a - b| means the distance (absolute) between a and b● Basic StatisticsAverage:#()SumitemsMedian: A number in a sequence that separate higher half and lower half of the sequence (Accumulatively)Standard Deviation: The average distance from the mean of a sample. Range: The difference between the highest and lowest in a sequence Mode: A number in a sequence that appears most frequentlyFor example:A sequence contains 6, 3, 2, 12, 14, 5 Average:Total / # of items in a sequence 6321214576+++++=Median:Follow the order: 2, 3, 5, 6, 12, 14 → median is between 5 & 6 and it is 5.5Standard Deviation: The average deviation from the mean to all entries4.90=Range: 14 – 2 = 12● Basic Formula222()2a b a ab b +=++ 222()2a b a ab b −=−+22()()a b a b a b +−=− (Used in dealing with square root)Example:======1111a b a b ab b a a b ab++=−−=● ExponentDefinition:Suppose a is a positive integer,..........a x x x x =⋅⋅⋅ (the product of a “x”s) 1..........a x x x x−=⋅⋅⋅ (the reverse of the one above)1ax = (a-th root) → square root: 12x =cube root: 13x =Same base :a b a b x x x +=aa b b x x x−=Same Exponential :()a a a x y xy =()a a a x x y y =Double Exponential :()a b ab x x =● Digits:hundredths digit (4)Decimal Digits : t enths digit (2) thousandths digit (5)General Digits :thousands digit digit (6)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------● The solution of quadratic equation (二次式): 20ax bx c ++=Example : Find the solution of 2320x x −−=1. Decomposition232(32)(1)x x x x −−=+−213x or −=----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Closed form of solution20ax bx c ++=156x± 213x or −=If 240b ac −> → 2 solutions240b ac −=→ 1 solution 240b ac −< → No solutionRatio, Percent and Fraction● Idiomatic Use of Ratio and Percent (or Fraction)Percent : X(%) percentBOf A , X(%) percent do (or be) somethingBB do (or be) X(%) percent of A .X% = &A B AX% of A is B → X%×A = B● Percent Increase or Decrease* Important!!% →1100X% increase (decrease) from A to B→ X% =B A A − (Increase) , or X% =A B A− (Decrease) and transfer into % if required A is X% more (greater) than B → A = (1 + X%) BA is X% less (smaller) thanB → A = (1 - X%) B● Working Rate / Speed Problem1. Working:Working x hours to complete 1 task → Rate:1xper hour 2. Speed:(distance)(speed)(time)D V T =or D = VTProbability and Selection● C (Choose)n mC means the number of possibilities of choosing m items from n items (n ≧m) n n m n m C C −= (Choose the smaller one on the bottom. DON’T need to translate every time) !(1).....(1)!(!)12 3.......n m n n n n m C m n m m×−−+==−×× For example6642651512C C ×===× 7376535123C ××==×× (Don’t need to simplify)● Arrangement可重复选取:n n n n n ××××非重复位置排列:Case I: 位置刚好 (n!):Ex: 3个人排列3213!××=Case II: 所选对象比实际需求多 (n(n-1)(n-2)……):Ex: 4个人挑 3 人排列432××庭院深深深几许: n 个之中，a 个相同，和b 的相同的排列→!!!n a bEx: 1 A , 2 B ’s, and 3 C ’s → 6!2!3!● ProbabilityDefinition:The probability of event A is the number of ways event A can occur divided by the total number of possible outcomes.Expression:#()#of event AP A of total possible events =“Total events” usually appear after “IF” If ______B___________, what is the probability that _________A__________#&()#of A B P A of B= Independent: P(A&B) = P(A)P(B)补充: A and B are mutually exclusive → P(AB) = 0------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ● Venn DiagramA ∪B (colorful area) = A + B - A ∩BTotal = A + B - A ∩B + No(AB)A∪B∪C (colorful area) = (A + B + C) - (A∩B + A∩C + B∩C) + A∩B∩CTotal = A + B+ C - (A∩B + A∩C + B∩C) + A∩B∩C + No(ABC)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Multiple-Factor and Remainder Section● Decompose the factorsFactors Decomposition:Start from the smallest to biggest factors and use the productFor example:7217223632441861289=×=×=×=×=×=× Therefore 72 has factors: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72→ Decompose by prime numbers 32722223323=××××=×So the prime factors of 72 are 2 and 3All factors could be expressed by 23a b× {0,1,2,3}{0,1,2}a b ∈∈ Total number of factors of 72 is (3+1) x (2+1) = 12Divisible: A is divisible by B → A Bis an integer → A is multiple of B, or B is factor of A0: 0 is the multiple of all integersGCF (Greatest Common Factor (Divisor)) and LCM (Least Common Multiple): Example: (84, 36)84 = 22×3×736 = 22×32Prime (Number):Definition: Prime number is a number whose factors only contain one and itself (prime itself). (Starting from 2)Even & Odd(0 is a non-positive and non-negative even integer.)E ± E = E, E × E = EE ± O = O, E × O = EO ± O = E, O × O = O------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ●Remainder ProblemDefinition:.......a b c d÷=→ d is the remainder when a is divided by b.0&d b a bc d≤<=+Remainder Rule (3 & 9):The remainder when n is divided by 3 is equal to the remainder when the sum of all digits of n is divided by 3For example: The remainder when 4253is equal to4253++→ remainder is 2The remainder when 5223is equal to5223++→ remainder is 0→ 522 is a multiple of 3The rule applies to “9” as well---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Geometry SectionTopic 1: CircleDefinition: A circle is a simple shape of Euclidean geometry consisting of those points in a plane which are equidistant from a given point called the centreCenterFurther terminology:Radius: Common distance of the points of a circle from its centreDiameter: The length of a line segment whose endpoints lie on the circle and which passes through the centre of the circle.Chord: A line segment whose two endpoints lie on the circle.Arc: Any connected part of the circle's circumference.Sector: A region bounded by two radii and an arc lying between the radiiSegment: A region bounded by a chord and an arc lying between the chord's endpointsArea and CircumferenceRadius: r Diameter: R = 2rCircumference: 2r R ππ=Area: 2r πTopic 2: (Circular) Cylinder, Cone and SphereCircular Cylinder:Surface: 2222()r rh r r h πππ+=+V olume: 2r h πCone:Surface: 2r rl ππ+ Volume: 213r h π Sphere:Volume: 343r π Surface: 24r π h h r rLTopic 3: Triangle and Pythagorean TheoremArea:Property: Sum of any two length is ALWAYS greater than the third length. if a, b, c are three lengths of a triangle and a > b. thena –b <c < a + bPythagorean Theorem1. Acute triangle: A triangle whose biggest angle is less than 90 degree → 222a b c +>2. Obtuse triangle: A triangle whose biggest angle is larger than 90 degree → 222a b c +<3. Right triangle: A triangle whose biggest angle is equal to 90 degree → 222a b c +=Common ratio of lengths of Right Triangle:Topic 4: PolygonWhat are those?Rectangular, Parallelogram, Rectangular Solid, Cube, Pentagon,Hexagon (can be divided into 6 equilateral triangles)Quadrilateral DiagonalEqual Diagonals:Isoscele Trapezoid, Rectangular, SquareDiagonals bisect each other:Parallelogram, Rectangular, Rhombus, SquareDiagonals bisect angels: Rhombus, Square---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sum of interior angles:n−Sum of n lateral polygon: 180(2)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topic 5: Inscribed, CircumscribedTopic 6: L in x-y PlaneyIntercept:Could be negative!!!!x – intercept: The x-coordinate of the point at which line L intersects x axis. y – intercept: The y-coordinate of the point at which line L intersects y axis.Topic 7: SlopeyDefinition : the change of y respect to one unit change of xy x∆∆ L: y = m x + b → m is the slope of L1. EquationA line equation: ax + by = c ( c is not important at all)the slope isy a xb ∆−=∆Example: 3x + 4y = -3Slope:34y x ∆−=∆ 2. Slope by two points(a, b) -> (c,d)Slope:y d b x c a∆−=∆−For example: (2, -3) → (-2, 4)Slope:4(3)772244y x ∆−−===−∆−−−3. Perpendicular:1L and 2L are perpendicularThe product of two slope of 1L and 2L is -1For example:EX1: y = 34−x + C 1 ⊥ y = 43x + C 2EX2: 3x + 4y = C 1 ⊥ 4x -3y = C 2 The product of two slope: 34− x 43 = -14. Parallel (Two Line (Segements) do not intersect each other):1L and 2L are parallel → same slope1 23 4 ∠1 =∠5, ∠2 =∠6 5 6 ∠3 = ∠6, ∠4 = ∠5 ∠4 + ∠6 = 1800Similarity2 similar polygon:Length: 1 : x Length: 1Area: 1 : x 2 Area: 1 V olume: 1 : x 3 V olume: 1 : vCurve – 2 degree polynomial (Parabola)222122()()()()24b b y ax bx c a x c a x k x k a a =++=++−=−− Vertex: 22(,)24b b c a a−− → What is minimum value of 3x 2 + 6x – 5? → x = 616−=−, 3x 2 + 6x – 5 = -8。