2010安徽省专升本英语试题答案

安徽省普通高等学校2010年专升本招生考试模拟英语试卷Part 1 Vocabulary and Structure (1 point each, 30 points in all)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, Cand D, then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. He _____with Smith at least four times in the past three years.A. has been seen to meetB. was seen to meetC. had been seen meetingD. is seen meeting2. More than a dozen students in that school ___ abroad to study medicine last year.A. sentB. were sentC. had sentD. had been sent3. Their profits have grown rapidly in recent years and this upward ____ is expected to continue.A. actionB. increaseC. TendencyD. movement4. He offered to ______ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.A. helpB. showC. lendD. borrow5. We’ve ______ sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some.A. run away withB. run outC. run offD. run down6. Some experts think that language learning is much ____ for children as their tongues are more flexible.A. easyB. easierC. easilyD. more easily7. ____________, he was not able to work out the puzzle.A. However he tried hardB. Whatever he tried hardC. However hard he triedD. How hard he tried8. In the _____ of rain, the game will be postponed.A. faceB. timeC. eventD. course9. At least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed when a fire ____ at the NationalExhibition in London.A. broke offB. broke outC. broke downD. broke up10.--- Who is the girl standing over there ?---Well, if you ____ know, her name is Mabel.A. mayB. canC. mustD. shall11. ____put down the receiver ____ the telephone rang again.A. Scarcely had she …thanB. Scarcely did she … thanC. She scarce had… thanD. Scarce had she … than12. Some parents complain that the teacher seems _____ towards good students.A. partialB. beneficialC. preferableD. liable13. The parents suggested _____ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out duringthe trip.A. sleepB. to sleepC. sleepingD. having slept14. _____ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. SufferingC. Having sufferedD. Being suffered15. Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying16. When I got back home, I saw a message pinned to the door, ___ “Sorry to miss you; will calllater.”A. readB. readsC. to readD. reading17. It is far better to do well a bit of work which is well ___________ a large fortune.A. worthy to be done than haveB. worth doing than to haveC. worthwhile to do than haveD. worthy of doing than have18. He found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only____ to his confusion.A. extendedB. turnedC. addedD. amounted19. A new situation will ____, when the reform is put into practice.A. ariseB. riseC. raiseD. arouse20. Why can’t you do this small______ for me? I’ve helped you many times in the past.A. commandB. demandC. favorD. effort21. ---- English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it ?---- Yes, _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. KnowB. KnowingC. To knowD. Known22. If a shop has chairs____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where23. My favorite season of the year is probably _____ spring.A. laterB. lastC. latterD. late24. This hotel ______ $ 30 for a single room.A. demandsB. claimsC. pricesD. charges25. He never ____ anything very long , so he seldom success.A. decides onB. sticks toC. goes overD. makes up26. The suggestions to improve working conditions were ____ by the factory owner.A. turned awayB. turned downC. turned overD. turned through27. Well- behaved children have usually been properly ____ by their parents.A. got upB. borne upC. brought upD. raised up28. The early pioneers had to ________ many hardships to settle on the new land.A. go along withB. go back onC. go throughD. go into29. I didn’t know much about Civil War. I had to ____ a history book.A. look outB. make outC. refer toD. go over30. How much money can _____ what you have suffered ?A. stand up toB. make up forC. come up withD. put up withPart ⅡCloze (1 point each , 15 points in all )Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage andwrite the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.In country after country , talk of nonsmokers’right is in the air. While a majority of countries have taken little 31 no action yet, some 30 32 have introduced legislated (立法的) steps to control smoking. Many laws have been introduced in other countries to 33 clearthe air for nonsmokers, or to cut cigarette consumption.Smoking is harmful 34 the health of people . World governments should conduct serious campaigns against it. 35 on cigarette advertisements, plus health warning on packages and ban on public smoking in certain places, 36 as theatres, cinemas and restaurants, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of 37 or in controlling smoking. But world attention also in focusing 38 another step 39 will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. Great 40 should be made to inform young people especially of the dreadful consequences of 41 the habit. And cigarette price should be42 .43 , there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were 44 altogether but many people are not 45 for such drastic (激烈的) action.31. A. and B. but C. or D. too32. A. cities B. nations C. provinces D. towns33. A. assist B. help C. disgust D. impact34.A. in B. with C. to D. on35. A. Restrictions B. Lectures C. Remarks D. Comments36. A. such B. even C. so D. not37. A. government B. nonsmokers C. smokers D. young people38. A. on B. in C. by D. outside39. A. so B. as C. which D. such40. A. effects B. efforts C. affects D. affect41. A. taking off B. taking up C. taking in D. take away42. A. raised B. promoted C. mentioned D. made43. A. For the long run B. At the long run C. In the long run D. To the long run44. A. banned B. banning C. ban D. banned45. A. steady B. study C. remedy D. readyPart III Reading Comprehension (2.5 points each, 50 points in all)Directions:After reading the following passages, your will find questions or unfinished statements. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and DYour should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheetTask 1Though it is merely 1 to 3 percent of the population, the upper class possesses at least 25 percent of the nation’s wealth. This has two segments: upper-upper and lower-upper. Basically, the upper-upper class is the “old rich”-families that have been wealthy for several generations-an aristocracy of birth and wealth. “There names are in the Social Register, a listing of acceptable members of high society. A few are known across the nation, such as the Roosevelts, and Vanderbilts. Most are not visible to the general public. They live in grand life, drawing their income from the investment of their inherited wealth. In contrast, the lower-upper class is the “ new rich”. Although they may be wealthier than some of the old rich, the new rich have hustled (努力) to make their money like everybody else beneath their class. Thus their prestige is generally lower than that of the old rich, who have not found it necessary to lift a finger to maketheir money, and who tend to look down upon the new rich.However its wealth is acquired, the upper class is very rich. They have enough money and leisure time to cultivate an interest in the arts and to collect rare books, painting , and sculpture. They generally live in exclusive areas, belong to exclusive social clubs, communicate with each other, and marry their own kind-all of which keeps them so distant from the masses that they have been called the out-of-sight class. More than any other class, they tend to be conscious of being members of a class. They also command an enormous amount of power and influence here and abroad, as they hold many top government positions, run the Council on Foreign Relations and control multinational corporations. Their actions affect the lives of millions.46. All the following statements are true except that _____________.A. the upper class owns at least a quarter of the country’s wealthB. the “old rich” enjoy higher prestige than the “new rich”C. the “old rich” isolate themselves and lead a lonely lifeD. the upper-upper class is of aristocratic origin47. The “old rich” get richer_________________.A. through the Social RegisterB. by investing their inherited wealthC. through their reputationD. by collecting painting and sculptures48. The reason why the “old rich” look down upon the “new rich” is that_____.A. the former are wealthier than the latterB. the latter sweat themselves to make moneyC. the “old rich” are conscious of being members of the upper classD. the “new rich” have no interest in arts49. The upper class is also called the out-of-sight class because________.A. they don’t communicate with any peopleB. they spend most of their time abroadC. they move frequently from the general publicD. they keep away from the general public50. We can learn from the passage that ________________.A. the upper class is powerful and influentialB. the upper class collects rare books to make moneyC. the “old rich” make much more money than the “new rich”D. the upper class holds all top government positionsTask 2We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but, because it is inherited, there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family ( immediate and extended), tribal group and even an entire population. Molecular Genealogy(宗谱学)can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees. Pedigrees(家谱)based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption, illegitimacy or lack of records. There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragicevents such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place.The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000DNA samples from individuals all over the world. There individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at lest four generations and a small blood sample. Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up, it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records. Theoretically, any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through this database.In the meantime, as the database is being created, molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals. “For example, if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related, but no written record proves this relationship, we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers (in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome(染色体),”explains Ugo Perego, a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team.51. People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread because_____________.A. DNA is characteristic of a regionB. they are beyond doubt of common ancestryC. DNA strand has the ability to identify individualsD. their unique identification can be provided via DNA52. The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that______.A. genetics has achieved a breakthroughB. genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed nowC. each individual carries a unique record of who he is and how he is related to othersD. We can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family , a group or a population53. The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of _______________.A. offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problemsB. solving many issues without relying on traditional written recordsC. providing a pedigree chart of at least four generations in the worldD. confirming the assumption that all individuals are of the same origin54. If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor,____.A. we can decide according to their family treeB. we can find the truth from their genetic markersC. we can compare the differences in their Y chromosomeD. we can look for written records to prove their relationship55. Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the passage?A. We are a walking, living, breathing record of our ancestors.B. Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were.C. An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity.D. Molecular genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals.Task 3Over two hundred years ago, Adam Smith introduced some ideas which brought about a world revolution. If we enjoy a high standard of modern society, we owe much to this Scottish economist and philosopher. If we enjoy driving in beautiful cars, wearing fashionable shoes, or flying away to distant places for exciting holidays, we should perhaps pay thanks to the man who made it all possible.What was Adam Smith’s contribution? Like so many ideas which have surprising effects, his was a simple one. He watched workers practicing their craft of pin making. One man would heat the strip of metal, stretch it out , cut off an appropriate length, shape it, cool it and finally smooth and shine it. Smith drew attention to the advantage which could be gained if these various tasks were performed by different workers. Let one be responsible for preparing the metal, another for stretching and cutting, another for shaping, and another for finishing. He described the technique as the Division of Labor; in this way workers repeat the same actions again and again. Smith convinced the world that specialization could solve the problem of poverty and want.What was the result? The Industrial Revolution. Productivity was greatly increased. For Britain, where the revolution started, there was a prosperity which made it the richest country in the 19th century. British trains and railway lines spread out like a spider’s web across the world. British ships are used to carry the cargoes the new cargoes from one corner of the world to another.The revolution is not over. It is still with us, but now it is a worldwide phenomenon. Everywhere, factories are producing large numbers of similar products, and are in continuous production. What were called mass-production lines yesterday are called robotic productions today. The pace of change is increasing. And if these techniques have brought us prosperity, they have also brought us a little misery in overcrowded towns, boring jobs and, most of all, unemployment.56. We should be granted to Adam Smith because____________.A. his ideas made it possible for people to improve their livesB. he invented a more efficient way of pin makingC. he started the industrial revolutionD. he brought to people a high standard of living57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The Division of Labor makes work more interestingB. Specialization could solve the problem of unemploymentC. Adam Smith put forward the idea of the Division of LaborD. Adam Smith insisted that each worker be better paid58. From the passage we know that the Industrial Revolution________.A. led to Adam Smith’s idea of specializationB. was finished in the 19th centuryC. also has its side-effects in societyD. put an end to poverty in the world59. According to the passage we know that the Industrial Revolution is responsible for the following results except_______.A. prosperityB. crimeC. unemploymentD. over-crowdedness60. What is the best title for this passage?A. The Theory of Division of Labor and Its SignificanceB. The Industrial Revolution and Its SignificanceC. The Causes of Industrial RevolutionD. Adam Smith, the Economist and PhilosopherTask 4Directions: The following is a business letter. After reading it, you should answer each of the 5 questions(No.61 to No. 65) in more than 3 words. The answer should be written afterthe corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Last December’s earthquake in the Iranian city of Barn took a huge death toll--- roughly 40,000 people--- largely because of the collapse of thousands of mud-brick buildings. If a group of researchers in India are successful, the next earthquake might not be as destructive. British and Indian engineers are developing earthquake-proof housing using a cheap, universal material in India: bamboo.They designed a model house built around waterproof of bamboo-sheet roofing and bamboo reinforced concrete walls. To test the structure, the engineers, sponsored by the U.K. Department of International Development, took it to the Earthquake Department and Vibration Research Center in Bangalore, which has an advanced earthquake simulator. The researchers shook the house with five successive 30-second pulses, being equal to 7.8 on the Richter scale. The simulation was more than 10 times as violent as the Barn earthquake, yet the house they designed was undamaged. “We didn’t even crack the paint,” says engineer Paul Follett, of Britan’s Timber Research and Development Association.By some estimates, more than a billion people already live in bamboo structures. The innova tion lies in develop ways to exploit bamboo’s spring. Easily pre-built, fire resistant, and far lighter than steel, bamboo based structure could be assembled in three weeks and last 50 years. At 5 dollars a square foot, they would last about half as much as brick-and-block constructions. Follett says the project will follow an “open source ” model:“Whatever is developed is freely available for the common good.”61. Why thousands of houses collapsed in the Barn earthquake?Those houses collapsed mainly because they were _________________________.62. What does the phrase “a universal material in India” refer to？It is a material that can be found ______________________________________.63. What was the result of the model in the test?____________________________________________64. The researchers have been working hard to ___________________ by earthquake.65. An “open source model” means people can get it __________________________.Part ⅣTranslation (35 points)(Ⅰ) Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese (4 points each for No. 66through No. 68; 6 points for No. 69 ; 18 points in all ).66. Robot can do the same job over and over again without getting bored or tired.67. To the national economy, agriculture is what roots are to a tree.68. Programs that allow the user to carry out particular task on a computer are referred tosoftware.69. The study has so far revealed India ranks fourth out of 15 countries in terms of grainproduction.(II) Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English(4 points each for No .70 through No. 72 ; 5 points for No. 73; 17 points in all).70. 成功在于勤奋，这句话当然是对的。