希腊罗马神话教学大纲

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希腊罗马神话课程(王磊)lecture2

希腊罗马神话课程(王磊)lecture2

2.2 The Creation and Re-creation of Man (4)
2.2.1 Man’s alienation from the divinity and nature • Trick played on Zeus (white bones of ox covered with glistening fat v.s. meat, entrails and fat covered with tripe 肚肠) → white bones burned on smoky altars fire withheld from mortal men • Fire stolen in a hollowed fennel (茴香) stalk • Pandora as a tempting snare to men • fashioned by Hephaestus with gifts from various gods and goddesses → animals killed and (unnaturally) cooked before they are consumed; Pandora to preside
• Cronus and Rhea have 6 sons, afraid of being overthrown by prophesy, he swallows kids
• Cronus = human stupidity, jealousy; Rhea = protective, maternal • Rhea gets advice from Gaia, tricks Cronus into eating rock and has son Zeus raised on Crete by Amalthea, goat nurse → cornucopia

《圣经与希腊罗马神话》教学大纲

《圣经与希腊罗马神话》教学大纲

《圣经与希腊罗马神话》教学大纲课程编号:02100413学时:32学分:2课程类别:全校选修课程面向对象:全校本科学生课程英文名称:Greek and Roman Mythologies Briefed一、课程的任务和目的(Course Objectives)To familiarize the students with Greek mythology and legend as these are consistently used in Western literature.二、课程教学内容与要求(Contents and Basic Request)Bulfinch’s Mythology—to be read and discussed.CHAPTER I Introduction.CHAPTER II Prometheus and Pandora.CHAPTER III Apollo and Daphne- Pyramus and Thisbe- Cephalus and Procris.CHAPTER IV Juno and Her Rivals, Io and Callisto- Diana and Actaeon- Latona and The Rustics.CHAPTER V Phaeton.CHAPTER VI Midas- Baucis and Philemon.CHAPTER VII Proserpine- Glaucus and Scylla.CHAPTER VIII Pygmalion- Dryope- Venus and Adonis- Apollo and Hyacinthus.CHAPTER IX Ceyx and Halcyone: Or, The Halcyon Birds.CHAPTER X Vertumnus and Pomona.CHAPTER XI Cupid and Psyche.CHAPTER XII Cadmus- The Myrmidons.CHAPTER XIII Nisus and Scylla- Echo and Narcissus- Clytie- Hero and Leander.CHAPTER XIV Minerva- Niobe.CHAPTER XV The Graeae and Gorgons- Perseus- Medusa- Atlas- Andromeda.CHAPTER XVI Monsters. Giants, Sphinx, Pegasus, and Chimaera, Centaurs, Griffin, and Pygmies.CHAPTER XVII The Golden Fleece- MedeaCHAPTER XVIII Meleager and Atalanta.CHAPTER XIX Hercules- Hebe and Ganymede.CHAPTER XX Theseus- Daedalus- Castor and Pollux.CHAPTER XXI Bacchus- Ariadne.CHAPTER XXII The Rural Deities- Erisichthon- Rhoecus- The Water Deities- The Camenae- The Winds.CHAPTER XXIII Achelous and Hercules- Admetus and Alcestis- Antigone- Penelope.CHAPTER XXIV Orpheus and Eurydice- Aristaeus- Amphion- Linus- Thamyris- Marsyas- Melampus- Musaeus.CHAPTER XXV Arion- Ibycus- Simonides- Sappho.CHAPTER XXVI Endymion- Orion- Aurora and Tithonus- Acis and Galatea.CHAPTER XXVII The Trojan War.CHAPTER XXVIII The Fall Of Troy- Return Of The Greeks- Agamemnon, Orestes and Electra.CHAPTER XXIX Adventures Of Ulysses- The Lotus-eaters- Cyclopse- Circe -sirens- Scylla and Charybdis- Calypso.CHAPTER XXX The Phaeacians- Fate Of The Suitors.CHAPTER XXXI Adventures Of Aeneas- The Harpies- Dido- Palinurius.CHAPTER XXXII The Infernal Regions- The Sibyl.CHAPTER XXXIII Aeneas In Italy- Camilla- Evander- Nisus and Euryalus- Mezentius- Turnus.CHAPTER XXXIV Pythagoras- Egyptian Deities- Oracles.CHAPTER XXXV Origin Of Mythology- Statues Of Gods and Goddesses- Poets Of Mythology.CHAPTER XXXVI Modern Monsters- The Phoenix- Basilisk- Unicorn- -salamander.CHAPTER XXXVII Eastern Mythology- Zoroaster- Hindu Mythology- Castes- Buddha- Grand Lama.CHAPTER XXXVIII Northern Mythology- Valhalla- The Valkyrior.CHAPTER XXXIX Thor's Visit To Jotunheim.CHAPTER XL The Death Of Baldur- The Elves- Runic Letters- Skalds- Iceland.CHAPTER XLI The Druids- Iona.CHAPTER XLII Beowulf.Proverbial Expressions三、对学生能力培养的要求This course is designed to broaden the culture and knowledge scope for the non-English majors。

Unit 2-希腊罗马神话提纲

Unit 2-希腊罗马神话提纲

Unit 2 Beginning of the World1. The basic elements common to most creation myths.Common FeaturesChaos/ Darkness as the primal cosmos●Movement (wind, dance)●Female Mother (mostly, early) as the creator●Single-sex production/parthenogenesis 单性繁殖●Incestuous production 近亲繁殖●The universal egg as the original form/container of life●Man as the last creation and coming after NatureDifferences@ reflection of matrilineal order in the old version, the transition to patriarchal order in the later versions@ emphasis of natural elements (wind/ snake/egg hatching/Eros) in the old2. What is the scientific explanation of Chaos and beginning of the universe? For instance, can you relate the different versions to the Big Bang theory?●Substance (basic chemical elements) existent to make up life forms;●Movement engenders life;●Evolution from disorder to order, from movement to comparative stability; from formlessness toa specific shape or structure (binary, quarterly);●Gradual evolution and/or sudden change of form: change of amount/quantity to change of form(Big Bang theory and Darwin’s Evolution theory)3. What revelation do we get from the animalistic element in the myths? How do we see snakes, doves, dogs, bees, etc. in our real life?●Western and eastern snake or dragon myths: etiological explanation of our relation with Nature●The commonalities human beings share with animals●Regional or racial totem 图腾and pets (forest, mountain and seaside) deified神化4. What psychoanalytical motifs can you find in the myths? Discuss the meanings of “Chaos” and “Eros” according to Freudian theories of the unconscious and sexuality.Chaos: formless, void, indefinite, unknown and unknowable, yet very much alive with particles of life---the human unconsciousEros:●original god: Libido as the primal drive of human activity; stimulant & ultimate goal●As the god of order:---the essence of human life is love---positive love and negativegreed---relative relationship of life(Also read p.365-367 Psyche and Eros)4.In terms of structure, what makes up the order of the universe/world? What dualities or binary oppositions are firstconstructed in the creation myths?1→2→ 4disorder→/vs. orderearth→/vs. heavenfemale→/vs. malematriarchal→/vs. patriarchalunion→/vs. separationdarkness→/vs. lightcentre→/vs. edge5.In many versions, the universe began with a goddess, but in some the first being was a (He-)God.Explain this from a historical and cultural perspective, or in accordance with the development of human history.●Matriarchal to patriarchal●Survival upon natural product to survival of the fittest●Worship of life productivity to that of goods productivity●Natural and free grouping to the cultural, ordered communityQuestions for Unit 3:1.What picture of historical development do you get from the account of the Five Ages? Do you agreewith Hesiod? Why?2.What role did Prometheus play in the primal history of mankind? What cultural value does thePromethean fire have in the history of human civilization?3.How do you like the mythical account that Prometheus was unbound and restored to Olympus? Andwhy?4.What is the traditional understanding of Pandora? In what way is she the “lovely evil”?5.Pandora is often regarded as Eve, the first woman in the Bible. How does she resemble Eve? How doyou defend her from the feminist point of view?6.What does it mean that “hope”alone remains in Pandora’s jar/box? What is the significance of“hope”?7.How do you interpret the accounts of human creation by Prometheus and Deucalion and Pyrrha?What scientific proof can you find to support them?8.What similarities can you find in the different accounts of creation of man given here as well as inthe Supplementary Reading?9.From the ending paragraph of the Flood passage, what have you learnt as essential to life? And whatis the nature of life formation after the flood?10.W hat was the most outrageous sin or crime man committed that brought gods’anger andpunishment? (Refer to Supplementary Reading)。

高校--《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲

高校--《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲

《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程名称:希腊罗马神话课程类别:选修课适用专业:非英语专业考核方式:考查总学时、学分:68学时4学分其中实践学时:学时一、课程教学目的本课程融故事欣赏与文化解读为一体,通过系统完整的内容介绍,旨在提高学生的英语阅读能力和文学文化鉴赏水平,增进学生对西方文化精神的解读,帮助学生逐渐形成批判性思维习惯,并使之对宇宙自然世界和人类本我达到新的认知。

二、课程教学要求1. To enable the learners, through reading the myths and having fun with them, to gainexposure to some of the major Greco-Roman myths which have shaped western culture and the way western people think;2. To increase intellectual maturation and clarification of learners’ own values throughthe study of ideas and attitudes manifested in western myths and through a comparative study with those of our own nation and epoch;3. To help cultivate in learners a cultural receptivity by encouraging their criticalthinking and cultural reading;4. To help learners better understand the enigma we call life through discussing andevaluating the ways myths shape human consciousness and behavior.三、先修课程大学英语三四册四、课程教学重、难点重点介绍神话的定义和主要阅读方法,以及希腊罗马生简史,旨在帮助学生建立正确的神话观,激发学生学习的兴趣和积极性。

Unit 4-希腊罗马神话提纲

Unit 4-希腊罗马神话提纲

Unit Four Titanic and Olympian GenealogyI.Gaia’s Children (p. 37; 477)II. Uranus vs/& Cronus Cronus vs/& Zeus1.What psychoanalytical motifs can you find in the birth stories of Cronus and Zeus?2.What role did Mother (Gaia and Rhea) play in the birth story of the son(Cronus and Zeus)?3.What role did Gaia play in each change of the divine administration? Why did she always side withthe sons in overthrowing their fathers? Why did she create the most formidable opponent of Zeus? Cronus and Zeus’s Bir th1.Father-Son Rivalry: hostility between Father and Son and alliance of Mother with Son: Father’sfear of his son and his life-denying policy, and Son’s rebellion against Father to avenge his Mother and with the help of Mother(Psychological reading:Mother-Son-Father triangle & Freudian pre-oedipal theory and Oedipus complex)2.The replacement of the old by the young and the war between the two generationsEtiological reading:A.the ancient tribal部落的practice of strongest son overthrowing his old tribal father-leader (bykilling him, or through ritual castration阉割to show the loss of virile有男性气概或生殖力的authority of the old, or leaving him to die or kill himself;B.the ancient matriarchal rites of killing the male consort to ensure fertility of human community;with the castration, taking away the driving life power and ending the paternal/male authority;C.the animal kingdom, to ensure the quality of the flock.3.With the castration of Uranus, separates the sky from the earth, beginning the binary二元对立的structure of the universe4.The prototype 原型of Homicide---Patricide or the first treacherous brutality of murder case for the purpose of power 弑父/君;---Cannibalism 食人War between Old and Young GodsHow do you interpret the war between the Titans and the Olympians?III. The Principal Gods Family Tree (p.41)(Heaven) Uranus = Gaia (Earth)|---------------------------------------| | | | |Cronus = Rhea Coeus = Phoebe Iapetus = Theia/Clymene| | |---------------------- Leto = Zeus|=Zeus| ----------------| | | | |Persephone| | Prometheus|Athena |--------- | || | | Atlas Epimetheus--------------- Apollo Artemis | || | | | |Ares Hebe Hephaestus Zeus=Maia Zeus=Dione| |Hermes AphroditeFrom Edith Hamiltion's Mythology4.In what specific ways do the old and the new divine families resemble a human family?5.In aspect of sex, how different was the Olympian family membership from that of the Titanic? Whatdid the change signify? What was the major diffe rence between Cronus’s reign and Zeus’s in terms of familial and societal structure?V. Minor Gods and GoddessesGroups:the Charites (Graces) the Fatesthe Furies (Eumenides) the Harpiesthe Hesperides the Horaethe Muses the SirensNymphs: (Hama)dryads of woods;River gods and Nereids;the wind gods: Eurus, Auster, Zephyrus, Boreas Individuals:Hecate Nemesis 正义女神Eros小爱神Eris不和女神Eos(Aurora)黎明女神Pan潘神Hebe侍女神Hymen主婚神Iris彩虹女神Nike胜利女神Circe巫术女神Asclepius药神Heroes and Demi-gods:Bellerophon (Chimera, Pegasus)Chiron, the centaurPerseus (Medusa)HeraclesTheseus (minotaur)Jason (golden fleece)Orpheus (music, Eurydice)Daedalus (aviator, inventor, Icarus)heroes of Thebes (Oedipus)heroes of Trojan War (Agamemnon, Achilles, Hector, Odysseus, Ajax) AeneasFour great expeditionsthe journey of the Argonautsthe Calydonian boar huntSeven against Thebesthe Trojan WarTwo great adventure storiesOdysseus’s home journey to IthacaAeneas’ journey to Italy4 Famous familiesHouse of Thebes:Cadmus, Amphion, Zethus, Europa,/Laius, Jocasta, Oedipus,/Eteocles, Polynices, Antigone /Agave, Pentheus/NiobeHouse of Atreus:Tantalus, Pelops/Atreus, Thyestes/Agamemnon, Clytemnestra, Menelaus, Helen, Aegisthus/Iphigenia, Orestes, and ElectraHouse of Troy:Teucer; Dardanus/Erichthonius, Ilus/Laomedon/Priam, Hecuba, Hesione, Anchises/Hector, Paris, Cassandra, Helenus, Troilus/AeneasThe most terrible monstersthe Calydonian boar—killed by Meleager and AtalantaCerberus---3-headed dog of Underworld;Typhon and Echidna;the Chime’ra ---head lion, body goat, tail serpent; daughter of Typhon and Echidna; killed by Perseusthe Cyclops --- one-eyed giants, Poseidon; wounded by OdysseusEchidna---half woman, half serpent; Ceto and Phorcysthe Harpies ---winged, faces of women, bodies of vultures and sharp claws; Poseidon, killed or driven away by Zethes and Calaisthe Hecatoncheries---100 hundred handed giants, Gaia, Erebusthe Lernean Hydra---9-headed serpent, more growing when cut off; killed by HeraclesMedusa---the one mortal Gorgon; killed by Perseusthe Minotaur---bull head, man body; in the labyrinth made by Daedalus; killed by Theseusthe Nemean lion---skin impenetrable; Typhon; killed by Heracles (squeeze)Python---serpent of Delphi; Gaia or Hera; killed by Apollothe Sphinx---head & breast woman, body dog, tail serpent, wings of bird, paws of lion, human voice; Typhon and Echidna; killed by OedipusTyphon---a giant; Gaia; Olympians (Zeus/Heracles)Great love storiesAphrodite and Adonis** Aphrodite and AresApollo and Daphne*Ariadne and DionysusCeyx and Alcyone*Clytie and ApolloEcho and Narcissus** Eros and Psyche**Helen and Pari Hero and Leander*Hyacinthus and Apollo* Odysseus and PenelopeOrpheus and Eurydice**Perseus and AndromedaPygmalion and Galatea*Pyramus and Thisbe *Selene and Endymion *Tithonus and Eos*。

古希腊罗马神话欣赏-课程教学大纲及样题

古希腊罗马神话欣赏-课程教学大纲及样题

《古希腊、罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程编码:30615022 学分: 2 总学时:36说明【课程性质】《古希腊、罗马神话》是全日制大学本科教育英语专业高年级开设的专业选修课。

【教学目的】使学生了解西方文化渊源,从文化的角度学习英语词汇,培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。

【教学任务】以古希腊、罗马神话的重要神祗、英雄的轶事为主线,分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故及以古希腊、罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品,提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。

【教学内容】古希腊、罗马神话简介,旧神谱系与天地的起源,奥林匹斯山新神,普罗米修斯与人类,次神的故事,英雄的故事【教学原则和方法】教学原则:以培养具有文化能力和鉴赏水平的学生为原则教学方法:采用多媒体课件教学,辅以影视欣赏和学生讨论促进教学【先修课程要求】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程,并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。

【学时分配】序号内容学时安排小计理论课时实验课时习题课时上机课时1 第一部分2 22 旧神谱系与天地的起源2 23 奥林匹斯山新神10 104 普罗米修斯与人类 4 45 次神的故事6 66 英雄的故事8 87 影视欣赏 4 4总计 36 36 【教材与主要参考书】教材:常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社,1981年。

参考书:廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社,1999年。

徐国萍《希腊罗马神话及典故成语》海洋出版社,2001年。

陶洁《希腊罗马神话一百篇》中国对外翻译出版公司,1989年。

大纲内容第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介【教学目的和要求】教学目的:了解希腊述神话的起源、形成、和发展教学要求:掌握学习古希腊、罗马神话的意义、目的,重要性和方法【内容提要】第一节什么是神话第二节神话的起源和发展第三节神话故事与神话学的区别第四节神话的分类第五节学习神话的原因、意义和方法【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点:神话的分类教学难点:神话的起源和发展【复习思考题】1. 什么是神话?2. 神话故事与神话学的区别是什么?第二部分天地的起源【教学目的和要求】教学目的:讲述天地的起源教学要求:掌握旧神谱系中主要的神及由此派生出来的英语词汇【内容提要】第一节天地的起源第二节旧神谱系:地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯,十二提坦巨神第三节以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点:天地如何起源的教学难点:旧神谱系中诸神之间的关系及名称【复习思考题】1.天地是如何起源的?2.试论述旧神谱系中诸神的关系。

希腊罗马神话课程讲义

希腊罗马神话课程讲义

Roman and Greek Mythology希腊罗马神话课程教案Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentHeilongjiang UniversityForeign Language Teaching and Research Department★ Introduction of GreeceI.ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know something about GreeceII.Lesson PlanGreece is the southeasternmost region on the European continent. It is defined by a series of mountains, surrounded on all sides except the north by water, and endowed with countless large and small islands. The Ionian (爱奥尼亚) and Aegean seas and the many deep bays and natural harbors along the coastlines allowed the Greeks to prosper in maritime commerce(海上贸易)and to develop a culture which drew inspiration from many sources, both foreign and indigenous. Greece has a history stretching back almost 4000 years. The people of the mainland, called Hellenes(古希腊人), organised great naval and military expeditions, and explored the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, going as far as the Atlantic Ocean and the Caucasus Mountains(高加索山脉). One of those expeditions, the siege of Troy, is narrated in the first great European literary work, Homer's Iliad. During the Classical period (5th century B.C.), Greece was composed of city-states(古希腊的城邦), the largest being Athens, followed by Sparta(斯巴达)and Thebes(底比斯). In the second half of the 4th century B.C., the Greeks, led by Alexander the Great①, conquered most of the then known world and sought to Hellenize it. In 146 BC Greece fell to the Romans.During the Hellenistic period, the Greek world was reaching as far east as India. At length its culture became one of the oldest and the most resplendent ancient civilizations in history---Hellenic culture. From this moment on, I will do my best to present you the culture from mythology stories.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentChapter1 IntroductionI. ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know the Beginning of the World2. get to know the Olympian GodsII. Learning Difficultiesdifferent names of the gods and goddessesIII.Lesson Plan★ 1.1 The Beginning of the WorldBefore earth and sea and heavens became known, the face of nature was one crude, formless mass. Land and sea and air were mingled together. The universe was a uniform darkness, without sun, moon, let alone the earth. In the middle of the darkness sat Chaos and his wife---Nyx [niks], the goddess of Night, who reigned but did not rule. So the whole space was lifeless. Centuries later, with the birth of Light and Day, earth and sea and air came into being. And also Chaos and Nyx gave birth to Gaea 盖亚(Earth), and Gaea gave birth to Uranus (Heaven) and married him. Still later, the union of Gaea and Uranus gave birth to the Titans (The Titans of Greek mythology were the twelve children of Gaea and Uranus), the Cyclopes and the Centimani. Afraid that his own gigantic children might usurp his throne, Uranus drove them all back to the earth, and this roused the resentment of the mother Gaea. At her instigation one of her sons, Cronus (one Titan) attacked and wounded Uranus with a sickle given by Gaea. Thus Cronus got the crown and became the supreme ruler of the universe.He married his own sister Rhea and entrusted the management of the sun to his brother Hyperion and the moon to his sister Phoebe. Cronus ruled his realm peacefully until an oracle prophesied that he would one day be dethroned/overthrown by one of his own children. To avoid the disaster he took the excessive precaution of swallowing up all his five children one by one after their birth. These were Hesia The goddess of the hearth (赫斯提:女灶神) Demeter (The goddess of the harvest得墨忒耳:主管收获的女神), Hera, Poseidon (The god of the waters, earthquakes, and horses), Hades (The god of the netherworld). When Rhea bore the last child, Zeus (Jupiter), Cronus wanted to get rid of him in the same fashion. But the mother wrapped up a piece of stone in the infant’s swathes and handed it over to the unsuspecting father. Thus Zeus was saved and sent to Mt Ida (艾达峰:克里特岛中部一山峰), where the mountain nymphs (宁芙女神:以美丽女子形象出现,有时化身为树、水和山等自然之物的小女神) did all in their power to protect him from any harm. By the time Cronus became aware of the deception, it was too late, for young Zeus suddenly appeared before him and easily deposed/dethroned him.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentWith the help of a nauseous potion, Zeus forced his father to disgorge his five brothers and sisters. But Cronus and his Titans were not reconciled to their defeat. They made war on Zeus and his brothers and sisters. Acting on the advice of his mother Rhea, Zeus released the Cyclopes from under the earth and armed himself with their thunderbolts, for the Cyclopes were thunderbolt-makers. Soon Cronus and Titans were forced to submission and cast down into Tartarus (The regions below Hades where the Titans were confined塔尔塔罗斯:冥府下面的深渊). Thus Zeus became the ruler of the Olympus. He made his sister Hera his queen, and distributed power among his brothers and sisters and his sons and daughters. Among them, Poseidon ruled over the vast expanse of seas and oceans, and Pluto was assigned as the lord to the lower world.★ 1.2 The Olympian GodsOn Mt Olympus, the overlord of gods---Zeus---was not an autocrat; he led a council of twelve members (i.e. there were twelve major gods on Mt Olympus).There were twelve Olympians, although you may run across fourteen different names. Hestia, Demeter, Dionysus, and Hades are variable. The remaining ten are: Apollo, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Poseidon, and Zeus, among the gods; Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis, and Hera, among the goddesses.Zeus(宙斯天王): Zeus is the ruler of the Olympian gods. He is also known as Jupiter in Roman. His attributes in iconography include the lightning bolt, the eagle, and the scepter. Hera(赫拉天后婚姻神): As the wife (and sister) of Zeus, Hera is the patron of marriage. She is also known as Juno (Roman). She has no unique attributes in iconography and so can only be identified by context or inscription.Poseidon(波塞冬海神): Poseidon is the god of the sea. He is also known as Neptune (Roman) and the Earth-shaker. His attributes in iconography include the trident and the fish.Hades(哈得斯冥神阎王):Hades is the god of the underworld. He is also known as Pluto(Roman). His attributes in iconography are the cornucopia and the sceptre.Ares(阿瑞斯战神): Ares is the god of war and conflict and is the husband of Aphrodite. He is also known as Mars (Roman). Ares is depicted as a warrior but, as he has no unique attributes in iconography, he can only be identified by context or inscription. Hephaestus (赫菲斯托斯火和锻冶之神) : The god of fire and metalworking.Hermes(赫耳墨斯商神幸运神): Hermes' main role is as a messenger but he has many other functions as well. He is also known as Mercury (Roman). His attributes in iconography include the kerykeion (messenger's staff), winged boots, and petassos (cap). Apollo(阿波罗太阳神): Apollo is associated principally with music, prophecy, sickness, and medicine. He is also known as Phoebus Apollo and is called the Far Shooter and the Pythian. (He has no separate Roman name.) His attributes in iconography are the cithara, or sometime the lyre, the bow, the fawn, and the tripod. He is often depicted with his sister, Artemis.Artemis(阿耳忒弥斯月神狩猎神): Artemis is the goddess of the hunt and animals, as well as of childbirth. She is also known as Diana (Roman). Her attributes in iconography include the bow and the fawn. She often appears with her brother, Apollo.Athene(雅典娜智慧神): Athene (also spelled Athena) is the patron of wisdom, military Foreign Language Teaching and Research Departmentvictory, and women's crafts. She is the one who leaped up from the top of Zeus’s head. She is also known as Tritogeneia and Minerva (Roman) and is also called Pallas Athene. Her attributes in iconography include the aegis (a fringed cloak, sometimes decorated with a Gorgon's head), the helmet, and the spear.Demeter(得墨忒耳农神): Demeter is the giver of grain. She is also known as Ceres (Roman) and sometimes Deo. Her attributes in iconography can include a torch, a crown, a sceptre, and stalks of grain. She is often portrayed with her daughter, Persephone/Kore. Aphrodite(阿芙罗蒂德爱欲之神): Aphrodite governs desire and sexuality. She is also known as Cytherea, Cypris, and Venus (Roman). She is often pictured with a sceptre or a mirror.Hestia The goddess of the hearth, daughter of Cronus and Rhea.(赫斯提:女灶神,克罗诺斯与瑞亚之女)Dionysus The god of wine and of an orgiastic religion celebrating the power and fertility of nature.Also called Bacchus狄俄尼索斯(酒神, 即罗马神话中的Bacchus)酒神和宗教狂欢庆祝大自然权力与丰产之神Gods assembled: In the line behind and from left to right is first Hades, holding his two-forked scepter, the mother of the gods Rhea 1, and between her and Hera is Hera's peacock. Zeus sits in the middle with the eagle at his feet holding the thunderbolt in his hand.To his right sits Cronos and standing are Athena and Apollo. Under the latter Artemis, with a half-moon adorning his head, is seen holding her bow. In the first line and from left to right Dionysus 2 is seen reclining. Ares in armour sits close to Aphrodite who looks at Eros as he comes towards her. In the far right sits Poseidon holding his trident.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentChapter2 Prometheus and Pandora's BoxI. ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know something about Prometheus2. get to know something about PandoraII. Learning DifficultiesThe relation between Prometheus and PandoraIII. Lesson Plan★ 2.1 PrometheusPrometheus was one of the Titans, a gigantic race, who inhabited the earth before the creation of man. Prometheus was called the benefactor of mankind.To him and his brother Epimetheus was committed the office of making man, and providing him and all other animals with the faculties necessary for their preservation. Epimetheus undertook to do this, and Prometheus was to overlook his work, when it was done. Epimetheus accordingly proceeded to bestow upon the different animals the various gifts of courage, strength, swiftness, sagacity; wings to one, claws to another, a shelly covering to a third, etc. But when man came to be provided for, who was to be superior to all other animals, Epimetheus had been so prodigal of his resources that he had nothing left to bestow upon him. In his perplexity he resorted to his brother Prometheus, who, with the aid of Minerva (The goddess of wisdom, invention, the arts, and martial prowess. 密涅瓦:掌管智慧、发明、艺术和武艺的女神), went up to heaven, and lighted his torch at the chariot of the sun. and brought down fire to man. With this gift man was more than a match for all other animals. It enabled him to make weapons wherewith to subdue them; tools with which to cultivate the earth; to warm his dwelling, so as to be comparatively independent of climate; and finally to introduce the arts and to coin money, the means of trade and commerce.Zeus sent most of the Titans to Tartarus to punish them for fighting against him in the Titanomachy, but since the second generation Titan Prometheus had not sided with his aunts, uncles, and brother Atlas, Zeus spared him. Zeus then assigned Prometheus the task of forming man from water and earth, which he did, but in the process, became fonder of men than Zeus had anticipated. Zeus didn't share Prometheus' feelings and wanted to keep men from having power, especially of fire. So Zeus deprived mankind of the gift of fire. Prometheus cared more for man than for the wrath of the increasingly powerful and autocratic king of the gods, so he stole fire from Zeus' lightning, concealed it in a hollow stalk of fennel, and brought it to man. He also stole skills from Hephaestus and Athena to give to man. Then, when Zeus and he were discussing the ceremonial forms for Foreign Language Teaching and Research Departmentanimal sacrifice, Prometheus devised a way to help man. He divided the slaughtered animal parts into two packets. In one was the ox meat and innards wrapped up in the stomach lining. In the other packet were the ox bones wrapped up in its own rich fat. Prometheus presented Zeus with a choice between the two, and Zeus took the richer appearing. As a result of this trick, man would thereafter be able to feast on the meat whenever it sacrificed (burned bones) to the gods.Prometheus was still not awed by the might of Zeus and continued to defy him, refusing to warn him of the dangers of the nymph Thetis (future mother of Achilles). Zeus had tried punishing Prometheus through his loved ones, but this time he decided to punish him more directly. He bade Hephaestus (or Hermes) chain Prometheus to Mount Caucasus, where an eagle ate his ever-regenerating liver each day.Eventually Hercules rescued Prometheus, and Zeus and the Titan were reconciled. ★ 2.2 Pandora’s BoxPandora, was crafted by Hephaestus in his forge. Athena provided Pandora with skills in the womanly arts and made her dangerous. Zeus, who ordered her creation, gave her as a gift and a curse to mankind. Thus Pandora can be said to have had three parents. Pandora is better known as the woman whose curiosity got the best of her when she opened the forbidden box out of which came all the evils of the world and one good, hope.Aphrodite (Venus) gave her beauty, Hermes (Mercury) persuasion, Apollo music, etc. Thus equipped, she was conveyed to earth, and presented to Epimetheus, who gladly accepted her, though cautioned by his brother to beware of Zeus and his gifts. When he was preoccupied with teaching men the art of living, Prometheus had left a big cask in the care of Ephimetheus. He had warned his brother not to open the lid. Pandora was seized with an eager curiosity to know what this jar contained; and one day she slipped off the cover and looked in. Forthwith there escaped a multitude of plagues and sickness, theft and violence, grief and sorrow and all the other evils that human world was henceforward to experience. Pandora hastened to replace the lid! But the whole contents of the jar had escaped, one thing only excepted, which lay at the bottom, and that was hope. So we see at this day, whatever evils are abroad, hope never entirely leaves us; and while we have that, no amount of other ills can make us completely wretched/miserable/despaired..Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentChapter3 The Four Ages and The FloodI. ObjectivesStudents will be able to :1. get to know something about the four ages2. get to know something about the floodII. Learning DifficultiesThe two characters in the story of the floodIII. Lesson Plan★ 3.1 the Four AgesGolden AgeThe Golden Age was a mythical first period of man when everything was happy and easy, and mortals lived like gods, although they died, but only as if falling asleep. No one worked or grew unhappy. Spring never ended. It is even described as a period in which people aged backwards. When they died, they became ghosts and roamed the earth. The people of the Golden Age were formed by or for the titan Cronus.When Zeus overcame the titans the Golden Age ended.First of all the deathless gods who dwell on Olympus made a golden race of mortal men who lived in the time of Cronos when he was reigning in heaven. And they lived like gods without sorrow of heart, remote and free from toil and grief: miserable age rested not on them; but with legs and arms never failing they made merry with feasting beyond the reach of all evils. When they died, it was as though they were overcome with sleep, and they had all good things; for the fruitful earth unforced bare them fruit abundantly. They dwelt in ease and peace upon their lands with many good things, rich in flocks and loved by the blessed gods.Silver AgeDuring the Silver Age the Olympian god Zeus was in charge. Zeus caused this generation of man to be created inferior in appearance and wisdom to the last. He divided the year into four seasons. Man had to plant grain and seek shelter, but still, a child could play for a hundred years before growing up. The people wouldn't honor the gods, so Zeus caused them to be destroyed. When they died, they became "blessed spirits of the underworld."Bronze AgeThe third Age was of bronze. Zeus created men from ash trees. They were strong and warlike. They did not eat bread. Their armor and homes were of bronze. It was this generation of men that was destroyed by the flood in the time of Deucalion and Pyrrha. When they died they went to the Underworld.Foreign Language Teaching and Research DepartmentThese were destroyed by their own hands and passed to the dank house of chill Hades, and left no name: terrible though they were, black Death seized them, and they left the bright light of the sun.Our race is the Iron Race in the Iron Age.Iron AgeZeus placed a fourth race of men on earth during the present, Iron Age. All manner of evils came into being during this age. Piety and other virtues disappeared and most of the gods who were left on Earth, abandoned it. Zeus will destroy this race some day.The father will not agree with his children, nor the children with their father, nor guest with his host, nor comrade with comrade; nor will brother be dear to brother as aforetime. Men will dishonour their parents as they grow quickly old, and will carp at them, chiding them with bitter words, hard-hearted they, not knowing the fear of the gods. They will not repay their aged parents the cost their nurture, for might shall be their right: and one man will sack another's city. There will be no favour for the man who keeps his oath or for the just or for the good; but rather men will praise the evil-doer and his violent dealing. Strength will be right and reverence will cease to be; and the wicked will hurt the worthy man, speaking false words against him, and will swear an oath upon them. Envy, foul-mouthed, delighting in evil, with scowling face, will go along with wretched men one and all. And then Aidos and Nemesis (7), with their sweet forms wrapped in white robes, will go from the wide-pathed earth and forsake mankind to join the company of the deathless gods: and bitter sorrows will be left for mortal men, and there will be no help against evil.★ 3.2 The FloodTowards the end of the Age of Bronze the human world became very wicked. Men grew greed, and impious. Neither right nor law was respected any longer, and the rule of hospitality (殷勤待客的风俗) was forgotten. Disguised in human form, Zeus visited Arcadia (A region of ancient Greece in the Peloponnesus. Its inhabitants, relatively isolated from the rest of the known civilized world, proverbially lived a simple, pastoral life. 阿卡迪亚:古希腊的一区域,位于伯罗奔尼撒,其居民与其它著名文明世界相对隔绝,以过着简朴和田园式的生活著称。

希腊罗马神话与西方文化

希腊罗马神话与西方文化

《希腊罗马神话与西方文化》课程教学大纲发布时间:2012-10-29 浏览次数:【课程中文名称】:希腊罗马神话与西方文化【课程英文名称】:Greco-Roman Mythology and Western Culture【课程代码】3.101.0811【课程类型】专业方向课程【适用专业】英语语言文学专业【开课学期】二年级第二学期(4)【先修课程】基础英语、西方文明简史:从起源到宗教改革【总学时数】36 其中理论教学学时:34 实验(实践)教学时数:2【总学分数】 2【教研室】中西文化研究教研室【执笔人】王磊【审核人】王恩铭、高健【编写(修订)日期】:2011年5月一、课程教学目标课程以常规课堂教学与多媒体展示相结合的形式,着重介绍作为西方文化源头之一的希腊罗马神话中的著名人物及其故事,兼谈它们对西方国家、特别是英语国家的语言文学艺术等的影响,并对它们与中国神话的异同进行尝试性的比较。

课程的目的在于使学生对希腊罗马神话及其意义有一定的了解、提高其西方文化的认识水平和鉴赏能力。

二、先修课的要求具有中级水平的听说读写能力以及西方文明史的基本了解。

三、教学环节、内容及学时分配(一)Introduction and Overview学时:2主要内容:神话概念、希腊罗马神话的演变、希腊罗马神话阐释理论、希腊罗马神话对西方文化的影响、课程要求及评测教学要求:掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:希腊罗马神话演变、阐释理论(二)In the Beginning: Hesiod’s worldview, the Creation andRe-creation of Man学时:2主要内容:赫西奥德的世界观、诸神的历史和司职、人类的创造和再创造教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第1、4章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:神的冲突、人类的五个时期(三)The Divine Women I学时:2主要内容:女神的特征及其在不同神祗身上的体现:得墨忒耳、雅典娜、赫拉、阿芙洛狄忒、赫卡忒、阿耳忒弥斯的不同特性教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第2、3章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:女神的主要特征及其体现(四)The Divine Women II学时:2主要内容:珀尔塞福涅的被掠及其母亲的寻找、冥界“览胜”、冥界旅行(Katabasis):赫拉克勒斯、奥迪修斯、埃涅阿斯、奥菲士教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第5、14章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:珀尔塞福涅故事的文化含义、古希腊人的死亡观念(五)Apollo v.s. Dionysus学时:2主要内容:阿波罗与狄俄尼索斯的不同特性及其意义教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第6、7、12章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:阿波罗与狄俄尼索斯的不同特性及其意义(六)Stories of Love I学时:2主要内容:古希腊罗马人的爱情观、维纳斯与丘比特、奥维德的《变形记》及若干变形故事教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第11, 15, 16, 17章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:古希腊罗马人的爱情观、变形故事的阐释(七)Stories of Love II (13) & Miscellany学时:2主要内容:丘比特与普绪客的爱情及其阐释教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第13章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:丘比特与普绪客的爱情及其阐释(八)Greek Heroes I: Perseus (18) & Heracles (20)学时:2主要内容:希腊英雄的共性、珀尔修斯、赫拉克勒斯教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第18、20章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:希腊英雄的共性、珀尔修斯和赫拉克勒斯特性(九)Greek Heroes II: Theseus & Jason学时:2主要内容:忒修斯与迷宫、伊阿宋与金羊毛教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第23、19章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:忒修斯的历险及其崇拜、美狄亚的特性(十)The Tragic Hero: Cadmus, Oedipus学时:2主要内容:卡德摩斯与忒拜的建立、俄狄浦斯王的悲剧教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第21、22章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:俄狄浦斯王悲剧的阐释(十一)The Tragic Hero: Cadmus, Oedipus学时:2主要内容:卡德摩斯与忒拜的建立、俄狄浦斯王的悲剧教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第21、22章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:俄狄浦斯王悲剧的阐释(十二)Heroes: The Trojan Saga学时:2主要内容:荷马及其史诗概览、《伊利亚特》评介教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第24章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:《伊利亚特》中的英雄形象解读(十三)Agamemnon学时:2主要内容:埃斯库罗斯的《俄瑞斯忒斯》三部曲教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第25章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:阿伽门农家族悲剧的意义(十四)Hero of a Different Kind: Odysseus学时:2主要内容:《伊利亚特》与《奥德赛》的比较、奥迪修斯的海上历险教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第26章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:奥德修斯的性格特征(十五)The Roman Hero: Aeneas I (27)学时:2主要内容:维吉尔及其史诗《埃涅阿斯纪》(第1-6部)评介教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第27章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:《埃涅阿斯纪》与荷马史诗的关系及其创作目的(十六)The Roman Hero: Aeneas II (28)学时:2主要内容:《埃涅阿斯纪》(第7-12部)评介教学要求:阅读《希腊罗马神话欣赏》第28章,掌握教学PPT内容重点、难点:维吉尔史诗与罗马帝国(十七)Tutorial学时:2主要内容:复习与答疑教学要求:复习与答疑重点、难点:复习与答疑(十八)Final examination学时:2主要内容:课程考试教学要求:课程考试重点、难点:课程考试四、教学策略与方法建议本课程以教师讲座、多媒体展示、课堂讨论相结合的授课形式,在介绍、解读神话故事的同时,辅以神话题材的艺术作品及影视作品欣赏和讨论,帮助学生在希腊罗马神话对于西方文化的影响方面建立直观、形象的联系。

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《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲
课程代码:070132016
课程英文名称: Greco-Roman Mythology
课程总学时:24 讲课:24 实验:0 上机:0
适用专业:英语
大纲编写(修订)时间:2017.10
一、大纲使用说明
(一)课程的地位及教学目标
本课程为英语专业一年级的选修课,目的在于让学生了解西方希腊和罗马的文化渊源,从文化的角度学习英语词汇,培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的了解程度。

(二)知识、能力及技能方面的基本要求
1.知识方面的基本要求:
了解希腊罗马神话的主要神抵、英雄事迹等;能够分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故以及希腊罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品等。

2.能力技能方面的基本要求:
学会从欣赏的角度去理解希腊罗马神话相关的文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品,提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。

(三)实施说明
授课时教师要着重介绍希腊和罗马时期的神话传说,旧神谱系与天地的起源,奥林匹斯山新神,普罗米修斯与人类,次神的故事,英雄故事等,从而使学生进一步了解希腊罗马神话相关的文化知识,对西方社会有个更加深入的了解。

(四)对先修课的要求

(五)对习题课、实验环节的要求
教师留一定的时间给学生进行课上讨论,在发表见解的同时他们会渐渐发觉自己在该学科的理解情况。

同时留相关论文及阅读材料,有助于学生对该学科所学知识的进一步扩展,以促进未来八级考试文化常识的掌握。

(六)课程考核方式
1.考核方式:考查
2.考核目标:重点考核学生理解、欣赏及评论希腊罗马神话的能力。

3.成绩构成:本课程的总成绩主要由两部分组成:出勤占30%,平时考核占70%。

平时成绩由任课教师视具体情况按百分制给出;平时考核以论文、课上讨论、课上或课下作业完成情况为准;无故旷课三次则取消学生总评成绩。

(七)主要参考书目:
《希腊罗马神话欣赏》,王磊,上海外语教育出版社,2008
《希腊神话故事精选》,贺明华,天津人民出版社,2006
二、中文摘要
本课程是英语专业一年级学生的专业选修课,重点在于让学生知晓西方希腊和罗马的文化渊源,从文化的角度学习英语词汇,培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的了解程度。

以此来逐渐扩充学生的视野、提高其文化素养和欣赏能力。

三、课程学时分配表
四、教学内容及基本要求
第1部分导论
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0
具体内容:
1.神话概念、希腊罗马神话的演变
2.希腊罗马神话阐释理论
3.希腊罗马神话对西方文化的影响
重点:
希腊罗马神话对西方文化的影响
难点:
希腊罗马神话的演变
习题:
复习导论内容
第2部分In the Beginning: Hesiod’s worldview, the Creation and Re-creation of Man 总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0
具体内容:
1.赫西奥德的世界观
2.诸神的历史和司职
3.人类的创造和再创造
重点:
了解诸神的历史和司职
难点:
人类的创造
习题:
讨论诸神的名字与司职
第3部分The Divine Women I
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0
具体内容:
女神的特征及其在不同神祗身上的体现:得墨忒耳、雅典娜、赫拉、阿芙洛狄忒、赫卡忒、阿耳忒弥斯的不同特性
重点:
雅典娜、赫拉
难点:
雅典娜和赫拉的司职
习题:
研读关于雅典娜的文章
第4部分The Divine Women II
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0
具体内容:
珀尔塞福涅的被掠及其母亲的寻找、冥界“览胜”、冥界旅行
重点:
珀尔塞福涅的被掠
难点:
冥王的来历
习题:
珀尔塞福涅的被掠的结果讨论
第5部分Apollo v.s. Dionysus
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0
基本内容:
阿波罗与狄俄尼索斯的不同特性及其意义
重点:
阿波罗
难点:
阿波罗的司职
习题:
讨论阿波罗的地位
第6部分Stories of Love I
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0
具体内容:
1.古希腊罗马人的爱情观
2.维纳斯与丘比特
3.奥维德的《变形记》及若干变形故事
重点:
维纳斯与丘比特
难点:
奥维德的《变形记》
习题:
试读奥维德的《变形记》
第7部分Stories of Love II
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0具体内容:
丘比特与普绪客的爱情及其阐释
重点:
丘比特与普绪客的爱情及其阐释
难点:
丘比特的身份
习题:
阅读丘比特相关的文章
第8部分Greek Heroes I: Perseus & Heracles 总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0具体内容:
希腊英雄的共性、珀尔修斯、赫拉克勒斯
重点:
珀尔修斯
难点:
赫拉克勒斯
习题:
讨论希腊英雄的共性
第9部分Greek Heroes II: Theseus & Jason 总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0具体内容:
1.忒修斯与迷宫
2.伊阿宋与金羊毛
重点:
熟悉金羊毛的故事
难点:
希腊英雄的共性
习题:
翻译金羊毛的故事
第10部分The Roman Hero: Aeneas I
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0具体内容:
维吉尔及其史诗《埃涅阿斯纪》(第1-6部)重点:
维吉尔的介绍
难点:
史诗的评价
习题:
抄写史诗
第11部分The Roman Hero: Aeneas II
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0具体内容:
《埃涅阿斯纪》(第7-12部)
重点:
维吉尔的介绍
难点:
史诗的评价
习题:
抄写史诗
第12部分复习
总学时(单位:学时):2 讲课:2 实验:0 上机:0具体内容:
复习所学知识的框架和要点等
重点:
希腊神话的历史框架
难点:
神话人物的司职
习题:
复习所学过的知识。

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