古希腊罗马神话欣赏课程教学大纲及样题

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希腊罗马神话课程(王磊)lecture2

2.2 The Creation and Re-creation of Man (4)
2.2.1 Man’s alienation from the divinity and nature • Trick played on Zeus (white bones of ox covered with glistening fat v.s. meat, entrails and fat covered with tripe 肚肠) → white bones burned on smoky altars fire withheld from mortal men • Fire stolen in a hollowed fennel (茴香) stalk • Pandora as a tempting snare to men • fashioned by Hephaestus with gifts from various gods and goddesses → animals killed and (unnaturally) cooked before they are consumed; Pandora to preside
• Cronus and Rhea have 6 sons, afraid of being overthrown by prophesy, he swallows kids
• Cronus = human stupidity, jealousy; Rhea = protective, maternal • Rhea gets advice from Gaia, tricks Cronus into eating rock and has son Zeus raised on Crete by Amalthea, goat nurse → cornucopia

高校--《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲

《希腊罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程名称：希腊罗马神话课程类别：选修课适用专业：非英语专业考核方式：考查总学时、学分：68学时4学分其中实践学时：学时一、课程教学目的本课程融故事欣赏与文化解读为一体，通过系统完整的内容介绍，旨在提高学生的英语阅读能力和文学文化鉴赏水平，增进学生对西方文化精神的解读，帮助学生逐渐形成批判性思维习惯，并使之对宇宙自然世界和人类本我达到新的认知。

二、课程教学要求1. To enable the learners, through reading the myths and having fun with them, to gainexposure to some of the major Greco-Roman myths which have shaped western culture and the way western people think;2. To increase intellectual maturation and clarification of learners’ own values throughthe study of ideas and attitudes manifested in western myths and through a comparative study with those of our own nation and epoch;3. To help cultivate in learners a cultural receptivity by encouraging their criticalthinking and cultural reading;4. To help learners better understand the enigma we call life through discussing andevaluating the ways myths shape human consciousness and behavior.三、先修课程大学英语三四册四、课程教学重、难点重点介绍神话的定义和主要阅读方法，以及希腊罗马生简史，旨在帮助学生建立正确的神话观，激发学生学习的兴趣和积极性。

Unit 2-希腊罗马神话提纲

Unit 2 Beginning of the World1. The basic elements common to most creation myths.Common FeaturesChaos/ Darkness as the primal cosmos●Movement (wind, dance)●Female Mother (mostly, early) as the creator●Single-sex production/parthenogenesis 单性繁殖●Incestuous production 近亲繁殖●The universal egg as the original form/container of life●Man as the last creation and coming after NatureDifferences@ reflection of matrilineal order in the old version, the transition to patriarchal order in the later versions@ emphasis of natural elements (wind/ snake/egg hatching/Eros) in the old2. What is the scientific explanation of Chaos and beginning of the universe? For instance, can you relate the different versions to the Big Bang theory?●Substance (basic chemical elements) existent to make up life forms;●Movement engenders life;●Evolution from disorder to order, from movement to comparative stability; from formlessness toa specific shape or structure (binary, quarterly);●Gradual evolution and/or sudden change of form: change of amount/quantity to change of form(Big Bang theory and Darwin’s Evolution theory)3. What revelation do we get from the animalistic element in the myths? How do we see snakes, doves, dogs, bees, etc. in our real life?●Western and eastern snake or dragon myths: etiological explanation of our relation with Nature●The commonalities human beings share with animals●Regional or racial totem 图腾and pets (forest, mountain and seaside) deified神化4. What psychoanalytical motifs can you find in the myths? Discuss the meanings of “Chaos” and “Eros” according to Freudian theories of the unconscious and sexuality.Chaos: formless, void, indefinite, unknown and unknowable, yet very much alive with particles of life---the human unconsciousEros:●original god: Libido as the primal drive of human activity; stimulant & ultimate goal●As the god of order:---the essence of human life is love---positive love and negativegreed---relative relationship of life(Also read p.365-367 Psyche and Eros)4.In terms of structure, what makes up the order of the universe/world? What dualities or binary oppositions are firstconstructed in the creation myths?1→2→ 4disorder→/vs. orderearth→/vs. heavenfemale→/vs. malematriarchal→/vs. patriarchalunion→/vs. separationdarkness→/vs. lightcentre→/vs. edge5.In many versions, the universe began with a goddess, but in some the first being was a (He-)God.Explain this from a historical and cultural perspective, or in accordance with the development of human history.●Matriarchal to patriarchal●Survival upon natural product to survival of the fittest●Worship of life productivity to that of goods productivity●Natural and free grouping to the cultural, ordered communityQuestions for Unit 3:1.What picture of historical development do you get from the account of the Five Ages? Do you agreewith Hesiod? Why?2.What role did Prometheus play in the primal history of mankind? What cultural value does thePromethean fire have in the history of human civilization?3.How do you like the mythical account that Prometheus was unbound and restored to Olympus? Andwhy?4.What is the traditional understanding of Pandora? In what way is she the “lovely evil”?5.Pandora is often regarded as Eve, the first woman in the Bible. How does she resemble Eve? How doyou defend her from the feminist point of view?6.What does it mean that “hope”alone remains in Pandora’s jar/box? What is the significance of“hope”?7.How do you interpret the accounts of human creation by Prometheus and Deucalion and Pyrrha?What scientific proof can you find to support them?8.What similarities can you find in the different accounts of creation of man given here as well as inthe Supplementary Reading?9.From the ending paragraph of the Flood passage, what have you learnt as essential to life? And whatis the nature of life formation after the flood？10.W hat was the most outrageous sin or crime man committed that brought gods’anger andpunishment? (Refer to Supplementary Reading)。

希腊罗马神话问题及答案

Greco‎-Roman‎Mytho‎l ogy Study‎Guide‎, part 1Part 1.1. Who are the Twelv‎e Olymp‎i an Gods, and what are their‎power‎s?Zeus. He is lord of the sky.Hera.prote‎ctor of marri‎a g e, famil‎i ar with magic‎.Posei‎d on.God of the sea, horse‎s, and of earth‎qu ake‎sAres. He is the god of war.Athen‎a.She is the godde‎s s of the city, handi‎c raft‎s, and agric‎u ltur‎e.Apoll‎o.He is the god of music‎,Artem‎i s. the godde‎s s of chast‎i tyHepha‎e stus‎.Lame god of fire and the forge‎.Aphro‎dite.Godde‎s s of love, roman‎c e, and beaut‎y.Demet‎e r.Godde‎s s of agric‎u ltur‎eHesti‎a.Calm godde‎s s of home and homel‎i fe,Herme‎s. He is the god of thiev‎es and the god of comme‎r ce.2. Who was Prome‎t heus‎? Why was he impor‎t ant to the human‎race?He was one of the Titan‎s.Becau‎s e he broug‎h t down fire to man.3. What happe‎n ed when Pando‎r a's box was opene‎d?All the pains‎that might‎plagu‎e manki‎n d such as Old Age,Labor‎,sickn‎e ss.Insan‎i ty,Vice,and Passi‎o n flew in a cloud‎,stung‎ Epime‎th eus‎and Pando‎r a in every‎part of their‎bodie‎s,and then attac‎k ed the race of morta‎l s.4. What were the Five Ages of Man, and what happe‎n ed after‎them?The Golde‎n Age,the Silve‎r Age,the Bronz‎e Age,the Age of Heroe‎s,the Iron Age5. What did King Midas‎wish for, and what probl‎e ms did his wish bring‎him?He asked‎ that whate‎v er he might‎ touch‎shoul‎d be chang‎e d into gold.He turne‎d food into gold so he could‎n’t eat,starv‎ation‎ seeme‎d to await‎ him.6. How does the story‎of Perse‎p hone‎expla‎i n the diffe‎r ence‎of the seaso‎n s?7. What is Tarta‎r us, and who is its king?Tarta‎ru s is the deepe‎r of the Under‎w orld‎,the priso‎n of the Sons of the Earth‎.Hades‎ is its king.Part 2.8. How did Hippo‎m enes‎win his race again‎s t Atala‎n taWith the help of Venus‎.9. Why did Daphn‎e becom‎e a laure‎l tree?She asked‎ h er fathe‎r to chang‎e he form to prote‎c t her from being‎pursu‎i ng.10. Why did Cupid‎fall in love with Psych‎e?Cupid‎ was surpr‎i sed by Psych‎e’s wonde‎rful beaut‎y that wound‎e d him with his own arrow‎,conse‎quent‎l y,inste‎a d of makin‎g Psych‎e fall in love with some ragge‎d begga‎r,himse‎l f fell in love with Psych‎e.11. Why did Venus‎/Aphro‎d ite advis‎e Adoni‎s not to attac‎k wild anima‎l s?12. What did Hera do to Echo when she found‎out that Echo was lying‎to her, and what happe‎n ed to Echo when Narci‎s sus died?She passe‎d sente‎n ce upon Echo in words‎.13. What was the name of the statu‎e that Pygma‎l ion fell in love with?Galat‎e a14. What objec‎t was the direc‎t cause‎of the tragi‎c end of Pyram‎u s and Thisb‎e?Part 3.15. Who was Perse‎u s's fathe‎r?Zeus16. Why did Acris‎i us put Perse‎u s and his mothe‎r in a coffi‎n and throw‎them into the sea?He was alarm‎e d by an oracl‎e which‎ h ad told him that Perse‎u s would‎be the instr‎u m ent‎of his death‎.17. Who was Medus‎a?She was a terri‎b l e monst‎e r who had laid waste‎ the count‎r y18. Why did Polyd‎i ctes‎send Perse‎u s to kill Medus‎a?For an easy acces‎s to Danae‎.19. How did Perse‎u s save Andro‎m eda from the sea monst‎e rHe kille‎d the sea monst‎e r20. Why did Jason‎want the Golde‎n Fleec‎e?He was requi‎r ed to attem‎p t what was thoug‎h t to be an impos‎si ble‎deed to satis‎f y the deman‎ds ofa hard-heart‎e d taskm‎aster‎.21. What was the name of the ship the Argon‎a uts saile‎d on?The Argo.22. Who were two of the Argon‎a uts?Argos‎,Tiphy‎s23. How did Medea‎help Jason‎when he fough‎t the crop of armed‎men?She instr‎u cted‎ him that he shoul‎d throw‎ stone‎s into their‎ midst‎ so that they would‎attac‎k each other‎rathe‎r than Jason‎ himse‎lf.24. How did Medea‎get her fathe‎r's ship to stop chasi‎n g the Argon‎a uts?She murde‎r ed her young‎e r broth‎er Apsyr‎t os and cut him up into small‎piece‎s which‎she threw‎over the side of the ship.Aeete‎s stopp‎e d to pick up the piece‎s,and so the Argo made good her escap‎e.25. What was Hercu‎l es famou‎s for?He was famou‎s for his stren‎g th and coura‎g e and for his legen‎d ary adven‎tu res‎.26. Why did Hercu‎l es have to compl‎e te twelv‎e labor‎s?He was told to serve‎ Eurys‎th eus‎ f or twelv‎e years‎and win immor‎t alit‎y by perfo‎rming‎ the labor‎s the king impos‎e d upon him27. Name six of the twelv‎e labor‎s of Hercu‎l esThe Nemea‎n Lion,the Hydra‎,the Ceryn‎i tian‎ Hind,the Eryma‎n thia‎n Boar,the Stymp‎h alia‎n Birds ‎,the Augea‎n Stabl‎e s28. How did Hercu‎l es demon‎s trat‎e his stren‎g th in his infan‎c y?29. How did Hercu‎l es kill the Hydra‎?He dippe‎d his arrow‎s in the Hydra‎’s blood‎or venom‎and so made them poiso‎n ous30. What cause‎d the death‎of Hercu‎l es?The poiso‎n of Hydra‎.。

希腊罗马神话——考试样卷

A Mid-term Examination inGreek and Roman MythologyName:__________ Class:_________ Score:_________I. Match the gods/goddesses and their roles in mythology. (10%)( ) 1. Diana A. goddess of grain( ) 2. Poseidon B. goddess of hunting, the moon( ) 3. Hades C. god of the sea( ) 4. Hera D. queen of Olympus; goddess of marriageand childbirth( ) 5. Ceres E. goddess of arts and crafts and defensivewar; goddess of wisdom( ) 6. Athena F. goddess of beauty and sexual desire ( ) 7. Aphrodite G.. god of war( ) 8. Mars H. metal smith of the gods( ) 9. Hermes I. ruler of the Underworld; lord of the dead( ) 10. Hephaestus J. Zeus’messenger, guardian of travelers,merchants and thievesK. one of the Fates who determine thelength of each mortal’s lifeII. Choose a word/phrase from the following list to fill in each of the blanks with, changing their forms if necessary. (20%)1.The report presented by the scientist to the government was extremely _______ - no one could understand it.2.He was ________ by her beauty, but lacked the courage to speak to her.3.Another round of negotiations were conducted on the Middle East under the _______ of the UN.4.Seeing the ________ expression on his father’s face, the boy immediately knew what was awaiting him.5.While the president was casually chatting with his supporters, his body-guards were _______, looking for any single sign of danger.6.The scientist spent all his life researching the ____________ of his hometown.7.Showing disrespect to gods according to many cultures is to invite ______.8.The young man had about him a(n) _______ of youth and health.9. When the theater caught fire, there was a great______.10. The desk was a ______ of papers and unopened letters.III. Multiple Choice Questions (10%)( )1. The Iliad and the Odyssey were both written by _______.A. VirgilB. OvidC. HesiodD. Homer( )2. Many transformation stories can be found in _________, a collection of poems written by ____.A. Metamorphosis; OvidB. Theogony, HesiodC. Persians, AeschylusD. Aeneid, Virgil( )3.The spinners of the thread of human destiny were __________.A. the MusesB. the GracesC. the FatesD. the Furies( )4.Zeus changed Io a _______ hide her from Hera.A. bearB. heiferC. snakeD. bull( )5.Leda and the Swan was supposedly painted by __________.A. Peter Paul RubensB. Gustave MoreauC. Sandro BotticelliD. Leonardo da Vinci( )6.Pandora replaced the lid of her box, with only one thing left at the bottom - _______.A. warB. famineC. hopeD. disease( )7.Arachne was a _____, who was punished by ______.A. hunter; DianaB. titan; ZeusC. weaver; MinervaD. king; Hera( )8.When we say someone has Midas’ ears, we are commenting on his ________.A. wealthB. poor judgmentC. prideD. avarice( )9.The gods who ruled the heavens, the ocean and the Underworld, respectively, were ______.A. Jupiter, Pluto and SaturnB. Jupiter, Apollo and Neptune D. Jupiter, Neptune andPluto( )10.If you throw a sop to Cerberus, you are trying to _______.A. kill someoneB. bribe someoneC. avoid being killed by someoneD. enjoy a blissful afterlife.IV. Read each literary excerpt carefully and do the following: (a) underline all the mythological allusions, and (b) explain their meanings according to the context of the excerpt. (20%)1. We feasted that evening as on nectar and ambrosia. (Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, 1847)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2.There was, as I have said, a Minerva fully armed. (Marilynne Robinson, Mother Country, 1889) ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________3.Trinity College had undertaken the Sisyphean task of repairing all of its historic Front Square.(John Brady, A Stone of the Heart, 1988)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________4.Antoine and Francoise with their children, but without ever knowing why, joined the refugees for the sake of their vision of elysium and because of Don Emmanuel ’s enthusiasm. (Louis De Berni res, The War of Don Emmanuel ’s Nether Parts , 1990)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________5.It was hard to imagine H.E. sniffing after some other country woman, or being discovered mounting one of the milking girls. H.E., even when he was twenty-seven, would not have made a credible farmyard satyr. (Thomas Keneally, The Playmaker , 1987)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________V . Look at the following paintings and tell briefly the mythological stories depicted therein. (20%)1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________VI. Essay question: (A) choose ONE from the list of questions and answer the question you’ve chosen, and (B) tell what you have learned from this course. You should write at least 150 words. (20%)1.What is the significance of the story of Proserpine?2.What are the different character traits between Apollo and Bacchus?3.What is the relationship between hubris and nemesis (cite at least one mythological story as an example)?4.What aspect does the Pandora myth show about the ancient Greek society?Your question：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________。

Unit 3-希腊罗马神话提纲

Unit 3 Five Ages of Man---Human Alienation from the DivineHome Assignment:Comment on human creation myths (Deucalion, Chinese , Indian, Hopi).Prepare the questions 1-4, 6, and 9 on page 54.Five Ages of Mankind1.Golden Age黄金时代(c. 3000 B.C.-?)Paradise; Cronus’s reign, Old Stone Age, Pre-agricultural timesA．men born spontaneously from the earth or fashioned from earth and water by PrometheusB．ruled by Cronus (and Mother Earth), but without lawsC．life peaceful, care-free, labor-free, painless, but vegetarian (acorns and honey from the trees) D．everlasting youth until peaceful death in sleepE．spirits as genii神怪/invisible protectors or helpers of later generations(a life of plenty, freedom and primitiveness;ending with Pandora’s creation)2.Silver Age白银时代(?-1900B.C.)the Moon goddess’s reign, Middle and New Stone Age, Agricultural/ matriarchal periodA．the first race created by the OlympiansB．beginning of agriculture and primitive domestic life (bread)C．the rule of Mothers and men the despised sexD． a full 100 years’ childhood, but only a short time’s adult lifeE．death from “reckless violence”F．savage, ungrateful to creatorsG．spirits as demons( eradicated with the flood?)3.Bronze Age青铜时代(1900-1250B.C.)New Stone Age + Copper Age,agriculture and manufacture,a hunting and warring age, an age of men A．created by Zeus alone, reputedly from ash trees桉树，白蜡树B．ate bread as well as fleshC．bronze houses, bronze armors, and bronze tools or weaponsD．great warriors pursuing brutal, violent conflictsE．spirits went down to Hell(ending with Black Death or Deucalion flood)4.Bronze Age or Age of Heroes青铜/英雄时代(1250-1100B.C.)A．children out of gods’ or goddesses’union with mortals; semi-godsB． a nobler race, “better and more just” than the preceding or succeeding generationC．heroes who fought at Troy (Unit 9) or Thebes (p.386-393)D．their spirits went to the Happy Isles/the Isles of the Blest/ Homeric Edenic Elysium极乐岛to live forever in peace and happiness5.Iron Age黑铁时代(1100-600 B.C.)loss of ParadiseA．all evils and corruptions, injustice and strivesB．toil for survival and suffer endless miseryC．spirits condemned1. What picture of historical development do you get from the account of the Five Ages? Do you agreewith Hesiod? Why?A Human life is in a process of decline (spiral/ circular/ linear downward) with each stage of devolution 退化represented by a metal of inferior value to the one preceding it.B As men degenerate both physically and spiritually, they alienate themselves from the gods; the farther away from thegods/divinity, the nearer to the earthly/earth; also there is alienation between mind and heart/ instinct.C The human sufferings are self-induced punishment by gods; Natural disasters are ways of punishing humans.D Human civilization/knowledge/power leads to its separation from Divinity and Nature.E The account is symbolic and apocalyptic 启示性的: According what has happened to the 5 earlier ages, what is tohappen is predicted. Human history is thus a painful lesson teaching mortals to obey the gods.II. Gods’ Punishment of HumansDeucalion Flood myththe Biblical legend of Noah’s Ark p.282-3●Lycaon or his fifty sons or Tantalus●Historically several big floods in remote pastIII. PrometheusWhat role did Prometheus play in the primal history of mankind? What cultural value does the Promethean fire have in the history of human civilization?How do you like the mythical account that Prometheus was unbound and restored to Olympus? And why?●Family historyTitan Iapetus +Clymen e, daughter of Oceanos--- Atlas holding the broad sky at the ends of the earth---Hesperides p.307-310--- Menoetius sent by Zeus to Erebus---Prometheus ( Forethought先觉者)--Deucalion---Epimetheus(Afterthought后觉者) ---Pyrrha●Creator of humans:---dust/earth (with Uranus’s seeds)---wet the earth with water (water of life)---fashioned it into the image of Gods---to put life into it, confined good and evil of animals into human body, making it half living being(animal life)---Athene gave it soul/psyche and breath of life●Human benefactor:---fire---arts of healing, medicine---mathematics---astronomy---navigation航海---divination占卜---architecture---metallurgy冶金●Defender of human interest:---cheating at sacrifice---leaving meat to men---bringing the needed fire, the symbol of civilization (the Forbidden Fruit)[Promethean Fire: the Forbidden Fruit, which makes civilization possible and simultaneously severs humanity’s primal bond with Nature (Eden/animal)]●Savior of mankind:Christ-like, to suffer for the sake of mankind●Rebel against tyranny:refused to tell the secret (Zeus/Poseidon+Thetis ) and give in to ZeusPrometheus’s acceptance to Olympus: a compromise or a triumph?IV. PandoraWhat is the traditional understanding of Pandora? In what way is she a “lovely evil”?Pandora is often regarded as Eve, the first woman in the Bible. How does she resemble Eve? How do you defend her from the feminist point of view?What does it mean that “hope” alone remains in Pandora’s jar/box? What is the significance of “hope”?1. Nature of Woman●“all-gifted”有着一切天赋的女人●“the root of all evils”, the symbol of extravagance and ill-nature●the being with “curiosity”●the first woman, Greek Eve● a complementary curse and blessing for men[If a man refuses to marry, he has a dismal old age with no one to look after him and no family to inherit his possessions. If a man has a good wife, he has at least a mixture of good and evil.]2. Different accounts of the jarA．all good things flew back to heaven, only Hope was caughtB．both good and evil, Hope the last one to fly out before the jar was shutC．all evils in the jar flew out to attack humans, only Hope remained3. Cultural interpretation of Pandora● a product of earth and a gift of malevolence, the polar opposite of Prometheus’s gift, thecelestial flame that ignites the spark of civilization●this “lovely evil”, the lovely blessing an d curse, like Eve, is the catalyst催化剂of human“decline” and marks the beginning of tension between male and female●with the opening of her jar or box ends the Golden Age, shattering the link between humanityand divinity, and plunging human history into an irreversible downward spiral● a being of complexity with distinctive features of female good and evil, e.g. Ares’s , Hermes’s, Athene’s,Aphrodite’s, etc. as a blessing necessity as well as a curse to men4. Feminist Reading of Pandora●Gods punish men for civilization/brutality, women become the scapegoat.●Her story is really about men’s gullibility (Epimetheus) or innate weakness.●Women have played a decisive role in human civilization: It is human nature to be curious, and itis female curiosity/intelligence/cunning that leads to human civilization/knowledge.---Is female curiosity/intelligence bringing downfall of mankind or initiating Man into larger possibilities of civilized awareness?---Would you rather live contentedly in ignorance or suffer with a good knowledge of what you。

古希腊罗马神话欣赏-课程教学大纲及样题

《古希腊、罗马神话》课程教学大纲课程编码：30615022 学分： 2 总学时：36说明【课程性质】《古希腊、罗马神话》是全日制大学本科教育英语专业高年级开设的专业选修课。

【教学目的】使学生了解西方文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。

【教学任务】以古希腊、罗马神话的重要神祗、英雄的轶事为主线，分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故及以古希腊、罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品，提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。

【教学内容】古希腊、罗马神话简介，旧神谱系与天地的起源，奥林匹斯山新神，普罗米修斯与人类，次神的故事，英雄的故事【教学原则和方法】教学原则：以培养具有文化能力和鉴赏水平的学生为原则教学方法：采用多媒体课件教学，辅以影视欣赏和学生讨论促进教学【先修课程要求】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。

【学时分配】序号内容学时安排小计理论课时实验课时习题课时上机课时1 第一部分2 22 旧神谱系与天地的起源2 23 奥林匹斯山新神10 104 普罗米修斯与人类 4 45 次神的故事6 66 英雄的故事8 87 影视欣赏 4 4总计 36 36 【教材与主要参考书】教材：常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。

参考书：廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社，1999年。

徐国萍《希腊罗马神话及典故成语》海洋出版社，2001年。

陶洁《希腊罗马神话一百篇》中国对外翻译出版公司，1989年。

大纲内容第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介【教学目的和要求】教学目的：了解希腊述神话的起源、形成、和发展教学要求：掌握学习古希腊、罗马神话的意义、目的，重要性和方法【内容提要】第一节什么是神话第二节神话的起源和发展第三节神话故事与神话学的区别第四节神话的分类第五节学习神话的原因、意义和方法【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：神话的分类教学难点：神话的起源和发展【复习思考题】1. 什么是神话?2. 神话故事与神话学的区别是什么？第二部分天地的起源【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述天地的起源教学要求：掌握旧神谱系中主要的神及由此派生出来的英语词汇【内容提要】第一节天地的起源第二节旧神谱系：地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯，十二提坦巨神第三节以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：天地如何起源的教学难点：旧神谱系中诸神之间的关系及名称【复习思考题】1．天地是如何起源的?2．试论述旧神谱系中诸神的关系。

古希腊罗马神话艺术鉴赏讲解模板

当队伍到达城门时，大队人马前来迎接。浩浩荡荡的队伍将神像送到卫城上的神庙里。帕德嫩神庙中楣上的浮雕，反映了当年迎送神像的情景：德高望重的老人手持橄榄枝，年富力强的壮年男子牵着献祭的牛羊，意气风发的青年男子骑在马上，婀娜多姿的少女挎着蓝子。队伍中的主角是准备向雅典娜敬献绣花法衣的妇女。
神母：野生动物之母；谷物女神
塞默勒凡人女子大地女神
葡萄之神
北方流行谷物酒对狄俄尼索斯崇拜的源
泉并不是葡萄，而是醉酒醉酒——神灵附身回归自然；野性的激情
宗教仪式
火炬传递最初是古希腊作为一种宗教仪式
火炬传递可追溯到古希腊，是作为一种宗教仪式出现的。在希腊神话中，火是赫菲斯托斯的神圣象征，是普罗米修斯从宙斯手中偷来赠送给人类的礼物。最终，这种宗教仪式演化成古希腊最为流行的体育项目。现代奥运火炬传递，则转变成为庆祝奥运会开幕的一项重要活动。
重大宗教节日
泛雅典娜节古希腊宗教节日。泛雅典娜节是雅典人为了纪念雅典护城女神雅典娜而形成的节日。泛雅典娜节在雅典历法的一月间(相当于公历7～8月)举行，这是庆祝丰收及新年的节日。原来庆典持续两天，主要有为火炬赛跑等各项竞技。从公元前 566年起，每四年举行一届大泛雅典娜节，持续6天,节庆活动除各项竞技外，又增加了朗诵 (柏拉图的《伊安篇》中，伊安即将参加此诗歌朗诵比赛)、舞蹈和音乐比赛,据说还有男子健美比赛，反映了从单纯注重竞技到注重文化和情操比赛的转变。
古希腊罗马神话艺术鉴赏
专题（七）古希腊罗马神话与宗教（下）第十二组演讲者：刘文龙阳强
幻灯片制作者：刘睿骁资料整理者：苏磊李祉洋刘娜王呈钢
李志成刘涛鹏飞时间：2010年11月4日

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【教学目的】使学生了解西方文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。

【教材与主要参考书】教材：常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。

参考书：廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社，1999年。

徐国萍《希腊罗马神话及典故成语》海洋出版社，2001年。

陶洁《希腊罗马神话一百篇》中国对外翻译出版公司，1989年。

第三部分奥林匹斯山新神【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述奥林匹斯山新神谱系中诸神的职能、地位及轶事教学要求：掌握诸神的名称、地位及由此派生出来的英语单词【内容提要】第一节宙斯：天神之父，地上万物的最高统治者第二节赫拉：宙斯的正妻，女性的代表第三节雅典娜：智慧女神、雅典城的守护女神第四节阿波罗：太阳神第五节阿尔忒弥斯：月神第六节狄俄倪索斯：酒神与狂饮欢乐之神第七节阿拂洛狄特：爱情之神第八节波塞东：海神第九节哈台斯：冥王第十节赫斐斯托司：火神与工匠神第十一节阿瑞司：战神第十二节赫尔墨斯：宙斯的信使【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：十二主神的名称、职能、地位及代表物教学难点：诸神的名称及关系【复习思考题】1．列出奥林匹斯山十二主神的名称、职能及代表物。

2．奥林匹斯山十二主神的特点有什么？3．试述大小熊星座的来历。

4．举例说明宙斯的风流成性。

5．试述阿波罗与达芙尼的爱情故事。

第四部分普罗米修斯与人类【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述普罗米修斯如何创造了人类教学要求：掌握普罗米修斯的英雄事迹、人类的四个时代及潘多拉的故事【内容提要】第一节普罗米修斯与人类的起源第二节以普罗米修斯的故事为题材的文学作品第三节人类的不同时代第四节潘多拉的盒子【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：普罗米修斯与人类的起源，人类的四个时代教学难点：普罗米修斯的象征意义【复习思考题】1.人类是如何被创造的?2.宙斯是如何惩罚普罗米修斯的？3.人类经历了哪几个时代？这几个时代分别有什么特点？4.潘多拉的盒子有什么寓意？第五部分次神的故事【教学目的和要求】教学目的：了解希腊神话中一些重要次神的故事教学要求：掌握相对重要的一些轶事和源于此的典故【内容提要】第一节冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的故事第二节西西弗斯及相关典故第三节坦塔罗斯及相关典故第四节俄耳普斯与欧律狄克的故事第五节潘神一、潘神的象征意义二、以pan为词根的单词和词组第六节酒神狄俄倪索斯一、酒神及其跟随者二、狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧三、酒神崇拜及仪式特点四、源于酒神的词语【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：西西弗斯及相关典故坦塔罗斯及相关典故以pan为词根的单词和词组教学难点：潘神的象征意义狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧酒神崇拜及仪式特点【复习思考题】1.西西弗斯的故事有什么寓意？2.试讲述冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的爱情故事。

3.试论述潘神的象征意义。

4.酒神崇拜有什么特点？5.试论述狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧的关系。

第六部分英雄的故事【教学目的和要求】教学目的：讲述英雄的故事教学要求：掌握英雄的主要业绩【内容提要】第一节赫拉克勒斯的十二业绩第二节伊阿宋与金羊毛一、阿尔戈的英雄们二、伊阿宋与美地亚第三节俄狄浦斯与恋母情结第四节特洛伊战争一、不和的苹果二、特洛伊主要人物三、特洛伊战争中重要事件四、阿客琉斯的脚跟五、特洛伊木马六、奥德修斯之旅【教学重点与难点问题】教学重点：特洛伊战争及与其有关的典故俄狄浦斯与恋母情结教学难点：特洛伊战争中的相关人物、人物关系及事件【复习思考题】1.赫拉克勒斯是怎样完成了十二项英雄业绩晋升为神的？2.伊阿宋是如何克服了重重困难找到金羊毛的？3.试述特洛伊战争的起因。

4.阿客琉斯的脚跟有什么寓意？5.什么是恋母情结？6.讲述特洛伊木马的故事及其寓意。

7.试述奥德修斯是如何克服千难万险重返家园的？执笔人：姜艳审核人：龚柏岩《古希腊、罗马神话》课程考核大纲【考核目的】了解学生对经典希腊罗马神话故事的掌握情况，帮助学生加深对神话的定义、意义的理解，提高英语语言水平；考核学生对以神话故事为题材的文学作品的分析和鉴赏能力，为更好的理解西方文明及文化打好基础。

【课程学习的基础】本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。

先修课程不在考核范围内。

【考核的内容范围】本课程主要考核学生对神话中主要神祗和英雄的名称、事件的熟悉程度，现代英语中源于此的词汇和典故的掌握及以神话为主题的文学作品的了解。

【考核方法】期末开卷考试，占６０％，平时考核如出勤、作业、课堂表现占４０％【对试题的要求】对试题的要求：题型比例：客观性试题占８０％，包括单选题、判断题、匹配题、填空题、辨识题等主观性试题占２０％，包括翻译题、论述题等难度等级：分为较易、中等、较难三个等级，大致比例为２０：６０：２０【考核的具体内容】第一部分古希腊、罗马神话简介知识点：１．什么是神话２．神话的起源和发展３．神话故事与神话学的区别４．神话的分类５．学习神话的原因、意义和方法考核目标：１．识记：神话的起源与发展２．理解：神话的定义，神话故事与神话学的区别３．运用：神话的分类第二部分天地的起源知识点：1．天地的起源2．旧神谱系：地神盖娅、天神乌拉诺斯，十二提坦巨神3．以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词考核目标：1．识记：旧神谱系中重要的神明2．理解：天地是如何起源的3．运用：以cosmos、chron为词根的派生单词第三部分奥林匹斯山新神知识点：1．奥林匹斯山新神谱系中诸神的名称、职能、地位及轶事2．由此派生出来的英语单词考核目标：１．识记：奥林匹斯山新神名称２．理解：奥林匹斯山新神职能、地位及轶事３．运用：奥林匹斯山主神的职能、地位、重要轶事及源于此的英语单词第四部分普罗米修斯与人类知识点：１．普罗米修斯是如何创造了人类２．普罗米修斯的英雄事迹３．人类的不同时代４．潘多拉的盒子考核目标：1．识记：普罗米修斯潘多拉2．理解：普罗米修斯是怎样成为人类的缔造者3．运用：普罗米修斯创造人类的故事，人类的不同时代，潘多拉的盒子的故事及寓意第五部分次神的故事知识点：１．冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的故事２．西西弗斯及相关典故３．坦塔罗斯及相关典故４．俄耳普斯与欧律狄克的故事５．潘神６．酒神狄俄倪索斯考核目标：1．识记：（1）冥王哈德斯（2）珀耳塞福涅（3）坦塔罗斯（4）俄耳普斯与欧律狄克（5）潘神（6）酒神2．理解：（1）冥王哈德斯与珀耳塞福涅的故事（2）俄耳普斯与欧律狄克的故事（3）狄俄倪索斯与希腊悲剧（4）酒神崇拜及仪式特点 (5) 潘神的象征意义3．运用：(1) 西西弗斯及相关典故(2) 坦塔罗斯及相关典故(3) 潘神及酒神在神话中的地位第六部分英雄的故事知识点：1．赫拉克勒斯的十二业绩2．伊阿宋与金羊毛3．俄狄浦斯与恋母情结4．特洛伊战争考核目标：1．识记：（1）赫拉克勒斯（2）伊阿宋（3）俄狄浦斯（4）海伦（5）帕里斯（6）墨涅拉俄斯（7）阿伽门农（8）阿客琉斯（9）奥德修斯2．理解：（1）赫拉克勒斯的十二业绩（2）伊阿宋与金羊毛（3）奥德修斯之旅3．运用：（1）特洛伊木马（2）俄狄浦斯与恋母情结（3）阿客琉斯的脚跟【样题】I. Fill in the following blanks with proper names or words in Greco-Roman myths.(每小题2分，共20分)1.In the ancient Greek myth of creation , before earth ,sea and heavens became known, there was only__________ which is the dark and silent abyss.2.By the end of the war between Zeus and Cronus, a titan called ___________was singled out to hold up the world on his back as a punishment for his supporting Cronus against Zeus.3._________, was bathed in bliss and brightness the home of the gods, where Zeus ruled as the father of gods and men.4. In the Olympian Gods, ____________is the god in charge of the sea.5. The ___________ , the second epic of Homer, narrates the tribulations and feats of Odysseus fromthe time he left Troy with his fleet and the moment when he set foot again on the soil of Ithaca.6. As a messenger god, _____________is naturally the god of roads and door ways.7. In Greek myths, the apple of a goddess_______caused a ten-year war8. The riddle “what is that which has one voice and yet becomes four-footed and two-footed andthree-footed’ was given by Sphinx and later was solved by ________.9. In the palace of Hades ,the king of Corinth ________ had to push up a hill a huge stoneconstantly ,but the stone would roll back down again before it reached the top.10._________was turned into a Laurel tree when she was trying to escape from Apollo’s pursuit.II. Multiple choice.(每小题1分，共10分)1.________was not only the god of prophecy but the god of health and healing.A. ZeusB. HermesC. ApolloD. Mars2. Prometheus was finally saved by_____?A. ApolloB. PoseidonC. HeraclesD. Hermes3. During the age of ______,men further degenerated ,ruthless and ferocious. They delighted in warand perished in ceaseless strife.A. GoldenB. SilverC. BronzeD. Iron4.In all accounts of Greek myths, _________ is known as the protector and benefactor of man, for hegave mankind a number of gifts including fire.A. UranusB. PrometheusC. EpimetheusD. Zeus5. ________was a handsome youth who was so vain that he thought no one but himself was worthy to see his youthful beauty.A. NereusB. ProteusC. PersephoneD. Narcissus6._________ performed twelve stupendous labors, which ultimately won his way to heaven.A. HephaestusB. HermesC. HeraclesD. Hades7. One of Zeus’ mistresses ________ and her son were transformed to bears and have remained to this day, known as the constellation of the Great and Little Bear.A. IoB. NiobeC. PhilemonD. Callisto8.________ was dipped by his mother in the waters of Styx which could render the human body immune to sword and fire.A. AgamemnonB. AchillesC. OedipusD. Sisyphus9.Who is the god of theatre?A. PanB. SatyrC. DionysusD. Apollo10.With the help of Medea, ___________emerged safe and sound , and finally brought the goldenfleece back.A. OedipusB. MenelausC. OdysseusD. JasonIII.Write out the concerning names or characters in Greek myths from which the following words are derived.(每小题1分，共10分)1. Junoesque ( )2. gorgon ( )3. panic ( )4. venereal ( )5. cereal ( )6. bacchanalian ( )7. volcano ( )8. Atlantic ( )9. martial ( )10. hector ( )IV. Write out the names relative to the description below.(每小题2分，共10分)1.__________ It was the weapon of Zeus and Athena. It possessed the power to terrify anddisperse the enemy or to protect friends.2.____________ Sea-nymphs, whose singing charmed mariners to leap into the sea passing theirisland.3.____________ The leader of the Achaeans in the Trojan war, the king of Mycene.4.____________ Monsters with brazen claws, protruding teeth and coiling snakes round their headsand necks.5.____________ His name signifies all,he came to be considered a symbol of the universe andpersonification of Nature.plete the following idioms by using the names in Greco-Roman myths according to the implication of each idiom in current English . (每小题3分，共15分)1.___________ the prediction that is true but is not believed.2._____________the fountainhead of all evils3._____________chosen by Sigmund Freud to designate a son’s feelingof love toward his mother and jealous hatred toward his father.4._____________a trap intended to undermine an enemy, or subversionfrom inside.5._____________the mystical person or thing that is hard to be understood.VI. Fragment identification. (每小题4分，共20分)Read the following poem fragments, each is about a character in Greek myths. Write out the related names according to the following fragments ."Titan! to whose immortal eyesThe sufferings of mortality,Seen in their sad reality,Were not as things that gods despise;What was thy pity's recompense?A silent suffering, and intense;The rock, the vulture, and the chain;All that the proud can feel of pain;The agony they do not show;The suffocating sense of woe."Thy godlike crime was to be kind;To render with thy precepts lessThe sum of human wretchedness,And strengthen man with his own mind. And, baffled as thou were from high,Still, in thy patient energyIn the endurance and repulseOf thine impenetrable spirit,Which earth and heaven could not convulse,A mighty lesson we inherit."------ From Byron2."More lovely than her, whom the gods Endowed with all their gifts; and O, too likeIn sad event, when to the unwiser sonOf Japhet brought by Hermes, she insnared Mankind with her fair looks, to be avengedOn him who had stole Jove's authentic fire."------ from Milton3. When the world is puddle-wonderfulthe queerold balloonman whistlesfar and weeand bettyandisbel come dancingfrom hop-scotch and jump-rope andit’sspringand the goat-footed balloon Man whistlesfar and wee------ from In Just4．“Lord of Thebes, do not sow a furrow of children against the will f the gods for if you beget a son, that child will kill you, and all your house shall wade through blood.”----- from Eruipides5. As I bent down to look, just oppositeA shape within the watery gleam appearedBending to look on me. I started back;It started back; but pleased I soon returned,Pleased it returned as soon with answering looksOf sympathy and love. There had I fixedMine eyes till now, and pined with vain desire,Had not a voice thus warned me; “What thou seest,What there thou seest, fair creature, fair creature, is thyself;”------- From MiltonVII. Translation. (每小题3分，共15分)1.If a public relation officer is as shy as Daphne, how can she carry out her duty?2.How could they refuse the siren song of the land to adventurers?3.He dared his father’s Olympian fury.4.Students studying for final examinations yearn for the Elysian idleness of the summer vacation.5.What an Arcadia you live in!执笔人：姜艳审核人：龚柏岩。