时态第二讲
英语时态8种基本时态讲解.ppt课件
8.过去完成时 表示动作发生在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作或状态， 强调“过去的过去”， 常与 by the time, by the end of…,before , by 等引导时间的状语连用。
基本结构 主语+ had + 动词过去分词 + 其他成分 When I got to the cinema yesterday the film had begun already. He had learned English before he came here.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 1)现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响；而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间。即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。例如：
I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。(现在我仍记得电影的内容) I saw the film three days ago. 三天前我看了这部电影。(强调是三天前,而不是别的什么时候看的电影)
be going to含有“打算，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思， She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
be about to＋V.原形（意为马上做某事，在时间上指最近的将来） I am about to leave school. 不能与表示时间的副词连用。 They are about to set out.(√) They are about to set，变y为i加-ed. study----studied carry----carried cry----cried try----tried d)以元音字母＋y结尾的单词直接加-ed. play----played stay----stayed
【专项复习】小升初英语课件-核心考点 题型专项突破：专题 04 时态 第二讲 现在进行时 全国通用版
考点四 现在进行时特殊用法
用进行时表将来时。这样的动词有arrive, come, get, go, leave, start等。 We are leaving on Friday.我们星期五出发。 He is arriving tomorrow morning. 他明天早上到。 Christmas is coming. 圣诞节要到了。
The court is hearing evidence this afternoon.法庭今天下午听取证词。
考点四 现在进行时特殊用法
②表示态度、感情、心理状态和继续等意思的动词： 如：like（喜欢），love（爱），know （知道）， want （需要），hope （希望），hate （恨）， think （认为），agree (同意), believe (相信)等， e.g. ___I__li_k_e_d_o_g_s._____ 我喜欢狗。
思路点拨：考查实义动词的单数第三人称形式.句意"汤姆总是穿着黑色的鞋子,但今天他穿 着白色的鞋子"根据题干Tom alwaysblack shoes,这里强调的是穿着的状态,主语是Tom,即汤姆 总是穿着黑色的鞋子,所以用wears;but today hewhite shoes.这里强调现在他穿着,所以用is wearing.故选C.
__I__a_m__s_i_n_g_i_n_g_.________ 我正在唱歌。 __T__h_e_y__a_r_e_w__r_it_i_n_g_____ 他们正在写作。
(2)否定式:主语+be(am/is /are)+not+doing+其他。
____I__a_m__n_o_t__si_n_g_i_n_g_________ .我没在唱歌。 ____T__h_e_y_a_r_e_n__'t_w__r_i_ti_n_g_._______ 他们没有在写作。
英语专项 语法 时态 14 条件句之第二条件 讲解+练习+答案 second conditional
Second Conditional第二条件句主谓模块➜ If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.要是我（哪天）中了彩票，我就会买一个大房子。
➜ If I were you, I wouldn’t eat that.要是我（现在）是你的话，我就不会吃那个东西。
用法总结First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example.首先，我们可以用它来谈论将来不太可能会发生的事情，好像在做白日梦一样。
➜ If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.要是我（哪天）碰到了英格兰女王，我就会跟她打个招呼。
➜ She would travel all over the world if she were rich.她会环游世界，如果她（哪天）有钱了的话。
We can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true.第二，我们可以用它来谈论与现在的实际情况相反的假设，有点不满现状或想改变现状的感觉。
➜ If I had his number, I would call him.(I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).如果我（现在）有他的电话号码，我就给他打电话。
（我现在没有他的电话号码，所以我不可能给他打电话）。
➜ If I were you, I would go out with that man.(I am not you now, so it's impossible for me to go out with that man).如果我（现在）是你的话，我就会和那个人出去。
译林版][初一上英语Unit2]第二讲Letx27splaysports语法篇(含答案)
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1第 2 讲 Let ' s play sports!学习目标Brain twister What letter is an ani mal? What letter is a part of head?般现在时 当主语是三单，I 肯定句：主语+动词三单形式+其它1. 学会用英语表达体育运动2. 能够学会在一般现在时态中变化人称单复数3. 能够正确使用一般疑问句4. 学会元音音标发音 What letter is a vegetable? (PEA) (BEE) (EYE)动词变相应的 三单形式。
一 否定句：主语+doesn'+动词原形+其它 一般疑冋句：Does+主语+动词原形+其匕 肯疋句：主语+动词原形+其匕 当主语不是第. 三人称单数时 否定句：主语+don't+动词原形+其它 一般疑冋句：Do+主语+动词原形+其匕We use the simple present tens whe n we talk about:We make positive and n egative senten ces using the verb to do in the simple prese nt tense like this:l/You/We/They likesports..冋曲、沖、 邹:电2精牆练★ do not = don ' t Cah eat Hsh + Millie gets up at 6:30 every morning. Simon likes playing football.thin^ that are true now things that we often do things that arc always truenot = doesn ' tl/You/We/They do notlike sports.He/She/*t does notWe ask and an swer questi ons using the veito do in the simple prese nt tense like this:Do l/you/we/theylike sports?Does he/she/it★ we don' t us do/dose to form questi ons whe n the main verb of the sentence is to be.She is a student. f Is she a student?Remember that we add -s to the verb after he, she or it. However, there are some exceptio ns:Most verbs+ 5like likes play playsVerbs ending tn a conso+ y-y -b ies study studies fly filesVerbs ending tn sh, ss or x+ es watchdresswatchesdresseswashfixwashesfixesdoesl/yot/you/we/they he/she/it do not does not3Some verbs ending in o+ es go goes do does ★ We cha nge have to has whe n it comes after he, she or it.I have a ball. f She has a ball.注释：(1)一般情况下，直接力卩-s，如：bag-bags, cat-cats, pan da-pa ndas, mon key-monkeys, horse-horses(2)以s, x, o, ch, sh, z 结尾的，力卩-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i+es.如:study-studies.[述LET% EXPLORE ]Millie is writ ing about herself and classmates. Help her complete the sen ten ces withthe correct forms of the verbs in the box.dance go like play watch1. I _________ playing volleyball.2. Kitty _________ very well.453. Amy _________ swimming every week.4. Sim on ofte n ________ football with his friends.5. Daniel sometimes _________ ball games on TVThe students are writing their names under the activities they like in the table below. Complete the questi ons and the n use the in formatio n to an swer them. 1. __ Do ___ Sandy and Kitty enjoy listening to music? _Yes, they do 2. ________ Millie like swimming? ____________ 3. ________ Amy enjoy reading? ____________ 4. ________ Sim on like walki ng? ____________ 5. ________ Sim on and Dani el love drawi ng? ____________ Kitt# Sandy HAVE A TRY Listening to music Swimming Reading Walking Drawing Pt mid rvwi# Wife SandyPulllit Kittif ddnc^Daniel and Sim on are talki ng about their weeke nds. Complete their conv ersati onwith the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Daniel: Hi. Sitnoir u________________ you____________ (play) football at weekends?Simon: Of course* I often ______________(|>hy> f<K)tball with my cousins.Daniel: " _____________ your parents_____________ (go} with you?Simon: No, they don't. But my dad sometimes 1" (ivatch) ourgiitncs. Sometimes he 内__________________________ (read) at tiomc. My mum oftenm _________ r(shop) at weekends. What abvut you, l^niel?Daniek T often " _ {stay} at home. Sometimes I 他____________________________ 仗o)演练方阵swimming with my dad R一、填空1. We often ___ (play) in the playgo und.2. He ___ (get) up at six o ' clock.3. ___ you _____ (brush) your teeth every morni ng.4. What (do) ____ he usually (do) _____ after school?5. Da nny ___ (study) En glish,Chi nese,Maths,Scie nee and Art an school.6. Mike sometimes ______ (go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at ni ght,she ________ (watch) TV with his pare nts.8. _____ Mike ________ (read) En glish every day?9. How many lessons _______ y our classmate _______ (have) on Mon day?lO.What time ________ his mother ________ （do） the housework?6二、改句子1. Do you ofte n play football after school?（肯定回答）2.1 have many books.（改为否定句）3. Gao Shan ' s sister likes playing table tennis改为否定句）4.She lives in a small tow n near New York.（改为一般疑问句）5.1 watch TV every day.（改为一般疑问句）6. David has got a goal.（改为一般疑问句）7. We have four less on s.（否定句）8. Nancy doesn ' t run fast肯定句）9. My dog runs fast.（否定句）10. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：否定句：11.1 u sually play football on Friday after noon.否定句：一般疑问句：12.Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句：7一般疑问句：13. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day否定句：般疑问句：14. Tom does his homework at home.否定句：一般疑问句：三、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：1. wash ________ match _______ guess ____ study _____ finish ________go ______ snow _____ carry _________2. stop ______ s ee _______ drive _______ let ______ catch ______ keep _____join ______ f ind ______ think ________ teach ______ d o _____3. stay ______ b egin ______ forget _______ draws _____ lie _______ die _______run ______ prefer _____ give _______ ring _______ d ance _____ hope _______四、翻译1. 他在第三小学上学。
英语主谓宾时态用法
第一部分：基本句子结构主谓宾是指英语中的基本句子结构，这是语言学习中最基本的知识。
为啥叫基本呢，因为所有的高级句式全部都要建立在基本句子结构之上。
英语中基本句子结构一共五种：1.主语+谓语(简称主谓结构)：I(主语)escape(谓语).我逃脱了。
2.主语+谓语+宾语(简称主谓宾结构)：I(主语)eat(谓语)an apple(宾语).我吃一个苹果。
3.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(简称主谓双宾语结构)：I(主语)buy(谓语)you(间接宾语)a book(直接宾语).我给你买了本书。
说明：一般来说代词为间接宾语，物品名词为直接宾语。
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(简称主谓宾宾补结构)：I(主语)named(谓语)t he car(宾语)Big boy(宾语补足语).我为这辆车起了个名字，叫Big boy。
说明：宾语补足语，在谓语动词之后，接了宾语但句义依旧不完整，需要再加另外的成分补充说明宾语的意义，这个成分就是宾语补足语。
5.主语+系动词+表语(简称主系表结构)：I(主语)look(系动词)handsome(表语).我看起来超级帅。
说明：系动词不可单独使用，后面必须跟表语。
英语中所有的句子都是由这五种基本结构构成，例外存在于口语或者祈使句中。
第二部分：词类与基本句子结构之间的关系对于很多新学英语的人来说，如果不知道（基本的词类）与（单词在句中所做成份）的区别，很可能造成混淆。
比如不知道谓语动词到底是什么，是谓语还是动词？不明白为什么有时候名词前面加的是定语，有的时候加的是形容词？同理，谓语前面加的是副词还是状语？这里混淆对于以后的英语学习有很大的不便。
我们都知道，英语单词是分词类的，各个语法学家都有自己的一套理论，我这里说的词性分类是比较好理解的一种英语中词类分为以下几种：动词，名词，形容词，副词，冠词，介词，数词，代词，连词，感叹词。
英语中的构成句子的语法成份有以下几种：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，状语，补足语，表语，同位语。
时态的讲解
时态讲解1，一般现在时态:a 表示经常发生或反复发生的动作， He gets up at 6:00 everyday.b 表示现在的情况或状态，The soup tastes good.c 永恒不变的真理， The sun rises in the east.补充知识：一般现在时态表示将来的情况，1，可以表示按规定，计划或时间表要发生的事， the plane takes off at 9：00. 2，在时间或条件从句中，用一般现在时态表示将来， If I see Nancy I’ll ask her.I will disscuss with you when we meet. We will start as soon as you are ready.2，现在进行时态：表示正在进行的动作或发生的事，表示状态和感觉的词不能用于现在进行时，如look/smell/sound有些动词如come/go/leave/arrive/start/等用现在进行时态表示将来的动作，通常在表示按时间安排，或计划要做的事。
I am meeting Peter tonight. I am flying to HongKong tomorrow. 现在进行时态表示经常性动作，常和always,constantly,often,forever这类副词连用，表示厌烦，赞美等情绪.He is always losing the key. She is always thinking of others.3,一般将来时态：表示将要发生的事，will+动词原形 shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称 I will be ten next week. She’ll be here at 6:00. Y ou won’t be late. shall与第一人称we,I连用，when shall I come? Where shall we go for the holiday.be going to do 表示准备打算做某事，或即将发生的事， He is going to sell his house. Look, it’s going to rain.be about to do 表示就要发生的事，不能与具体的时间连用， They are about to start. The train is about to leave. be due to do 定于，与具体的时间连用Mike is due to leave at two. They are due to meet tomorrow. 4,将来进行时态：表示将来某时将进行的动作，What will you be doing on Saturday. This time tomorrow we’ll be Sitting in the cinema and watching a film.5,将来完成时态：表示将来某时某动作已完成或某事已发生， By the end of the year I will have saved1000yuan. By this summer we’ll have been here for five years.6,将来完成进行时态：表示将来某时某个动作已经进行了多久， By the end of the year she will have been acting for 20 years. By May I will have been st udying English for three years. 7,一般过去时态：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态， I got to know her in 1998. My grandmother died last year.8,过去进行时态：表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行，过去时间由一个状语表示出来，What were you doing when I rang you up. I was busy yesterday. I was preparing f or the exam. 一般过去将来时态：表示从过去看将要发生的事, would/was(were) going to do 构成 It was 4:00. Soon the sun would come up. She was confident she would find a job. I kne w you would agree.表示过去某时打算要做的事或预计要发生的事， a 过去进行时，仅限于come,go,leave这类词，Mr.Brown was coming to dinner. He was leaving that night. b was going toc be about to do He was about to go when the phone rang.d be due to 定于 He was due to speak that night.9,现在完成时态：表示一件事已经发生，对现在造成的影响或引起的结果，I have lost my key.(因此无法进屋) He hasn’t come back yet. 常和just,already,yet,recently,over,still,lately(近来)等副词连用， She has just left. He still hasn’t finished his work. 常和一些时间状语连用；In the past four years he has visited Paris several times. So far he has done well at school. Up to now, the workers have finished half of the work.还常和for,since引导的状语或与how long连用； I haven’t seen you for ages/for a long time.I haven’s seen her since June. He has worn glasses since he was a child. 有关完成时态的几个问题：1have gone to /have been to的区别：have gone to 到某地去了，人还在那里，She has gone to live abroad.她去国外居住了. The kids have gone to the zoo. have been (to) 到过/来过某地，I’ve been to Europe several times. Where have you been?2,由since引导的从句中的时态；since引导的从句用用过去时态，主句谓语用完成时态，we have been friends since we met at school. 3,在时间及条件从句中，需用现在完成时态代替将来完成时态， I will tell him after you have left.I will call you when I have finished my homework. If he hasn’t got up,don’t wake him. 4,和time一起用的情况，It is the first/second time I have seen a panda.5,在定语从句中，先行词由最高级或序数词修饰，从句用完成时态， This is the best tea I have ever drunk. It is the most interesting book I have read. It’s the first good meal I have had for a long time.7 have got的用法；和have的意思相同，只是形式上是完成时态，I have got a cold=I have a cold.Have you got a timetable=Do you have a timetable. have got to=have to 不得不，必须you’ve got to be careful. Have you got to leave soon?10,现在完成进行时态：表示一个持续到现在的动作，（这个动作可能刚停止，也可能还在进行）What have you been doing all these years?I have been looking for my dog and still I haven’t found it.这个时态常和how long,long等连用，Have you been waiting long? How long have you been doing this work?She has been expecting a long distance call all day long. 也常和since,for引导的状语一起用， We have been living in this city since 1980. It has been raining for two hours. 现在完成进行时可表示动作的重复， He hasn’t been eating regularly recently. You’ve often been making mistakes.11,过去完成时态：表示过去某时前某事已经发生，也就是过去的过去， When I arrived Jane had just left. She found she had left her case on the train.He had served in the army for ten years,last year he retired. I didn’t know I had given you so much trouble. 使用过去完成时常见情况；1，和time连用， It was the first time I had made such a mistake. 2，用在than,as引导的从句中，We finished the work earlier than we had expected.我们早于预期完成了这项工作.We didn’t get along as well as we had hoped.我们相处得没有希望的那么好.3，用于hope,intend,mean,think,expect等动词表示未实现的愿望.I had hoped to be back last night,but I didn’t catch the train. We had intended to visit him but it was raining hard. 12,过去完成进行时态：表示持续到过去某时的一个动作， He was tired. He had been working all day.一、主语+不及物动词（S+vi.）Birds fly. 鸟会飞。
第二讲 一般将来时被动语态
一般将来时被动语态一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成：1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：shall / will + be + done。
(shall 用于第一人称；will用于各种人称) 如：We shall be punished if we break the rule.The new film will be shown next Thursday.2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：shall / will + not + be + done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如：The meeting won’t be held tomorrow.The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将shall / will提到主语的前面。
（回答用yes或no）如：---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will.4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+ shall / will + S + be + done。
如：When will these books be published?Whom will this book be written by?二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成：1．be going to be doneSome old buildings are going to be put down.The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.---Are these trees going to be cut down？---Yes，they are.三、一般将来时态的被动语态的用法：1．一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
英语时态要分别理解“时”与“态”，牢记四个要素时态不再丢分
英语时态要分别理解“时”与“态”，牢记四个要素时态不再丢分Hello⼤家好，我是⽊仓哥。
今天的这篇⽂章是要教⼤家⼀分钟顿悟谓语动词的时态。
上⼀节课我们详细讲解了谓语动词的语态，语态的变化与时态密不可分。
英语的时态分为⼀般体，进⾏体，完成体和完成进⾏体，今天我们将对其进⾏⼤致的讲解，为后⾯更详细的学习打好基础。
核⼼讲解：⼀、时态的定义错误表达：Some people arguedthat women willdo well in the army.正确表达：Some people arguethat womenwill do well in the army.正确表达：Some peoplearguedthat women would do well in the army.有⼈声称妇⼥将会在军中表现良好。
句中argued是过去时的标志，⽽will是将来时的标志。
⼀个⼈在过去预测将来，⼀般⽆法⼗分肯定，所以argued和will不能组合在⼀个句中，正确的表达要么像第⼆个句⼦那样将argued改为⼀般状态argue，要么如第三个句⼦那样，将will改为更为委婉的would，也就是will的过去式，保持句中的时态⼀致。
时态可分为“时”与“态”：“时”就是时间，时间包括现在、过去、将来和过去将来（即在过去预测未来）。
“态”就是状态，状态分为四种：⼀般状态（每天或经常做的事），进⾏状态（正在做的事），完成状态（已经做完的事），完成进⾏状态（已经⼀直在做的事）⼆、时态的四要素学习时态我们需要弄懂四个词：三个助动词will，have和be+⼀个实意动词do。
1. have：译为“已经”e.g.：I havedone my homework.我已经做完我的作业了。
e.g.：He hasdone his homework.他已经做完他的作业了。
e.g.：I haddone my homework by yesterday.截⽌到昨天我已经做完了我的作业。
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时态第二讲
五、现在完成时
助动词have+过去分词
基本用法
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
eg:I have just returned the book to the school library.
2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和表示一段时间的状语的连用。
(since\for a long time\up to now 到现在为止）
eg:Mr Green hasn"t come to work since last week.
3.现在完成时可以与不确定的时间状语连用。
如：already,never,ever,just,yet,before,up to now,so far,in the last years等，表示到目前为止所发生的动作。
eg:She has just got a little headache.
4.还可以和包括和现在在内（到说话时仍未结束）的，表示一段时间的状语连用。
如：now,today,this morning,these day,since,for a long time等
eg:The nurse has taken my temperature now.
过去进行时
“were(was)+现在分词
用法
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正进行的动作（时间状语）
What were you doing at 8:00 yesterday evening.
\
2.表示按计划、安排在过去某时间将发生的动作。
eg:They were arriving in a few days.
注意：①过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或者发生之后，另一个过去的动作正在进行。
也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。
eg:When I was reading the newspaper ,the light went out.
②还表示两个过去的动词作同时进行着，这时可用连接when或while引导。
eg:George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio.
③was going+不定时表示过去打算
eg:He was going to be a football player.
④过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
/ \
过去一段时间正在表示一个完成的
进行的动作动作
eg:I was writing letters last night.(可能没写完）
I wrote some etters last night.（已经写完了）
特殊的用法
1.由since引导的时间状语，它们的主句通常用完成时态。
It has been a long time since I saw you last.
2.只有在it is .....since.....这种结构中，主句的谓语可以用现在完成时，一般过去时，一般现在时。
eg:It is ten years since my dog was lost.
3.在句型：this is the first time (second time)..."中通常也用完成时态。
Is this the first time you have spoken english?
4.短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
（appear,begin,borrow,buy,close,come,die,fall,find,finish,join,kill,leave.lend, lose,sell,start,stop等）
He joined in league three years ago.
He joined in league for three years.(他于3年前入团）
5.非持续性的动词的否定形式可以表示状态的延续，可与for,since时间状语连用。
I haven't seen a film for a long time.
6.有些时间状语，如：this morning(afternoon),tonight,this May等，既能用于现在完成时，又能用于一般过去时，但意义有所不同。
I have not been free this morning.(说话时在上午）
I was not free this morning.(说话时是在下午或晚上）
7.have(has) been和have(has) gone的区别
Have been to a place:“到过，去过”，表示曾到过某处，但现在人不在那儿（到目前为止的一个结果）；
have gone to ：“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在可能人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了（只能于第三人陈）
Has your mother ever been to Paris?
She has gone to Hainan.。