宁波市鸟类名录
浙江省重点保护野生动物名录2016
毛冠鹿
Elaphodus cephalophus
红背鼯鼠（棕鼯鼠）
Petaurista petaurista
黑白飞鼠
Hylopetes alboniger
猪尾鼠
Typhlomys cinereus
豪猪
Hystrixhodgsoni
鸟类
凤头鸊鷉
Podiceps cristatus
Ophiophagus hannah
白头蝰
Azemiops kharini
尖吻蝮（五步蛇）
Deinagkistrodon acutus
角原矛头蝮
Protobothrops cornutus
昆虫类
黑紫蛱蝶
Sasakia funebris
宽尾凤蝶
Agehana elwesi
金裳凤蝶
Troides aeacus
黑枕燕鸥
Sterna sumatrana
粉红燕鸥
Sterna dougallii
褐翅燕鸥
Sterna anaethetus
戴胜
Upupa epops
蓝喉蜂虎
Merops viridis
三宝鸟
Eurystomus orientalis
普通䴓
Sitta europaea
黑枕黄鹂
Oriolus chinensis
红嘴相思鸟
Leiothrix lutea
画眉
Garrulax canorus
震旦鸦雀
Paradoxornis heudei
寿带
Terpsiphone paradisi
红胸啄花鸟
Dicaeum ignipectus
浙江鸟类名录更新英文
Chinese Birds 2012,3(2):118–136SHORT COMMUNICA TIONReceived 02January 2012;accepted 12May 2012Author for correspondence (Shuihua Chen)E-mail:birdchen@The update of Zhejiang bird checklistShuihua CHEN ,Qin HUANG,Zhongyong FAN,Cangsong CHEN,Y iwei LUZhejiang Museum of Natural History ,Hangzhou 310014,ChinaAbstra ct Complete checklist records are essential to understand regional bird diversity and the status of the distribution of birds.The Zhejiang bird checklist was last presented as the A ves Branch of Zhejiang Fauna in 1990.Since then,many new records had been added,of which most remain unpublished.We have collected and examined all published and unpublished new records from Zhejiang habitats as well as those from the A v es Branch of Zhejiang Fauna.We have con rmed the evidence of the new records,which includes specimens,photographs,videos,sounds and tissue samples.We changed the Latin names of 131species and subspecies and 41Chinese names according to the new taxonomy and nomenclature.We provide an updated Zhejiang bird checklist for a total of 483species and 24subspecies,including 70new species records,of which 47species are reported for the rst.Most of the new records are based on recent photographs taken by bird watchers.Keywords Zhejiang,bird,update,new record,con rmed evidence,bird watchingInt roductionComplete checklist records are essential to understand regional bird div ersity and the status of its distribution.Since the 1980s,many provinces or regions in China have published their avifaunas (Tibet Expedition T eam of Chinese Academy ,1983;Wu,1986;Cai,1988;Huang,1989;Heilongjiang Provincial Willife Institute,1992),which had been important and fundamental tools for Chinese ornithology as well as for Chinese wildlife con-servation.Zhejiang province is located in eastern China.Sev-eral foreign naturalists and Chinese ornithologists have made contributions to the Zhejiang bird checklist over a long period of time (Swinhoe,1872;La T ouche,1925–1934;Wilkinson,1929;Caldwell and Caldwell,1931;Shaw,1934;Zhou and Ma,1965;Qian et al.,1983;Y u et al.,1983).In 1990,the A v es Branch of Zhejiang Fauna was published (Zhuge,1990),which described 414spe-cies with 28subspecies occurring in Zhejiang.A ll these records and description are specimen-based.Terrestrial wildlife surv ey s throughout Zhejiang were carried out from 1995to 2000,with the results reported in Zhejiang Forestry Resources (T ao,2002),offering a bird check-list of 436species with 28subspecies.As well,several regional bird surveys have also reported some new re-cords (Zhu,2003;Chen et al.,2005;X iong et al.,2006;Jiang et al.,2007,Fan et al.,2011).Howev er,some of these sur v ey s were only sight-based or evidence was not provided (See Tao,2002;Chen et al.,2005;Jiang et al.,2007,Fan et al.,2011).With the development of bird watching activities in Zhejiang since 2002,many new records have gradually been added,of which most remain as y et unpublished.Furthermore,during the last twenty years a new phy -S 6ww w.ch in eseb ird s.n etC hen hui hua.i ndd 1182012-7-271:09:29Shuihua Chen et al.Update of Zhejiang bird checklist 119B j F y U y O S ylogeny and classi cation of birds,based on DNA -DNA hy bridization studies,hav e been proposed (Sibley and Ahlquist,1990;Monroe and Sibley ,1993).Accordingly ,the Howard and Moore Complete Check list o f the Birdsof the W orld (3rd edition)was published in 2003(Dicken-son,2003).Based on this new development,A Chec klist on the Classificatio n a nd Distribution o f the Birds o f China was edited and published (Zheng,2005,2011),in which the tax onomy and nomenclature had changed considerably compared with that in the A v es Branch of Zhejiang Fauna.Therefore,there is an urg ent and con-tinued need for an updated Zhejiang bird list.Our aims therefore were:1)to con rm the practical sources of evidence for a provincial bird list,2)to sum-marize all new records provided since Zhuge (1990)and 3)to revise and provide an updated Zhejiang bird checklist on the basis of this uni ed and updated tax-onomy and nomenclature.Met hodsWe updated the Zhejiang bird checklist based on the A ves Branch o f Zhejiang Fauna (Zhuge,1990),including new records,subspecies promotion and changing Latin and Chinese names.We con rmed the sources of evidence provided for the new records to the Zhejiang bird checklist,which include specimens,photographs,videos,sounds and tissue samples.For the new records,we indicated the date of record,location and recorder.Most new photo-based records had rst been posted at the bulletin board system of the Zhejiang Wildbird Society .We collected all the photos and posted them at the website of the Zhejiang Biodiv ersity for future checks.If the record ty pe is of a skin specimen,we have indicated the col-lection holder.Some sight records,of which evidence was provided later,were referred to the original literary sources.Mere sight records,without any other evidence,were ex cluded.We collected and examined all published and unpublished new records from Zhejiang habitats,whose taxonomy should be acknowledged,according to Zheng (2011).Sightings should be of native birds,not birds escaped from captivity .Subspecies promotion and the changing of Latin and Chinese names were carriedout according to the taxonomy and nomenclature of Zheng (2011).In editing the checklist,we deleted those birds,which were con rmed to have vanished from wild habitats of Zhejiang.In order to provide complete information,the updated checklist also included a list of subspecies.If the characteristics of subspecies were clear in the speci-mens or photos from the new records,we identi ed them according to Cheng (1964);if not,their determi-nation was made according to Zheng (2011).ResultsIn total,70new species and one subspecies were docu-mented (see T able 1).Of these,47species and one sub-species are rst reported,15species were earlier report-ed but for the rst time evidence was provided and four species were rediscovered specimens,collected before 1990.Therefore,in total,62species and one subspecies were documented for the rst time,with evidence pro-vided.Of these,only three birds were specimen-based;the other 59species were all photo-based.Most of the recent photographs were taken by bird watchers.The recording frequency of new species since 1991is shown in Fig.1.A ccording to Zheng (2011),two subspecies were pro-moted as species,131species and subspecies were given new L atin names and 41were provided with new Chi-nese names (see A ppendix 1).As a result,we provide the updated Zhejiang bird list as an appendix,where a total of 483species and 24subspecies are listed.ComparedFig.1Recording frequency of new species since 1991S 62012ei ing orestr niversit and China rnithological ociet C hen hui hua.i ndd 1192012-7-271:09:29Chinese Birds 2012,3(2):118–136120Ta b l e 1N e w s p e c i e s a n d s u b s p e c i e s r e c o r d s o f Z h e j i a n 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O f H a n g z h o u B a y ,C i x i C h a o L i ,H a i h u a Z h a n g Ch e s t n u t -a n k e d W h i t e -e y e Z o s t e r o p s e r y t h r o p l e u r u s P h o t o 20101010D a p e n g S h a n ,C i x i Qi n g q i a n C h e n C h e s t n u t -b e l l i e d N u t h a t c h S i t t a c a s t a n e a Sk i n s p e c i m e n 19630319T i a n m u S h a n ,L i n a n Un k n o w n E C N U C Co m m o n R o s e n c h C a r p o d a c u s e r y t h r i n u s P h o t o 20080706B a i m a S h a n ,S u i c h a n g Yo n g f u Z h e n g Bl a c k -h e a d e d B u n t i n g E m b e r i z a m e l a n o c e p h a l a P h o t o 20101004H a n g z h o u h u a p u P a r k ,H a n g z h o u Y i n g Z h u Ye l l o w B u n t i n g Em b e r i z a s u l p h u r a t a P h o t o 20050421D a y a n g s h a n D a o ,S h e n g s i L i h u X i o n g ,J i a n j i a n L u e t a l .X i o n g e t a l .,2005Pa l l a s 's B u n t i n g Em b e r i z a p a l l a s i Ph o t o 20051223B i n j i a n g E a s t R d ,W e n z h o u H u i C h e n a20030617m e a n s J u n e 17,2003;195801m e a n s J a n u a r y 1958.b Al l p h o t o s a r e p r e s e r v e d a t t h e Z h e j i a n g M u s e u m o f N a t u r a l H i s t o r y a n d p o s t e d a t t h e w e b s i t e o f Z h e j i a n g B i o d i v e r s i t y (h t t p ://w w w .z j b i o d i v .c n /t u k u .p h p );S S T M i s th e S h a n g h a i S c i e n c e a n d T e c h n o l o g y M u s e u m ,J F M S i s t h e J i n g n i n g F i r s t M i d d l e S c h o o l C o l l e c t i o n ,e Z M N H i s t h e Z h e j i a n g M u s e u m o f N a t u r a l H i s t o r y ,W J A M i s t h W e n z h o u J i n z h o u A n i m a l M u s e u m ,H C C i s t h e H a i y a n C h e n q i c h a n g C o l l e c t i o n a n d E C N U C i s t h e E a s t C h i n a N o r m a l U n i v e r s i t y C o l l e c t i o n .c Ne w s u b s p e c i e s .T a b l e 1(c o n t i n u ed )S C hen hui hua.i ndd 1222012-7-271:09:0Shuihua Chen et al.Update of Zhejiang bird checklist 123B j F y U y O S yto the A v es Branch o f Zhejiang Fauna (Zhug e,1990),70new bird records are added as well as two birds promot-ed to species from subspecies.Howev er,two species,the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon)and the Dusky Eagle Owl (Bubo co romandus)are con rmed to have vanished and were therefore deleted.Three subspecies,includ-ing that of the Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)and the Pale Thrush (T urdus pallidus)were canceled,according to Zheng (2011).The Red Phalarope was once listed in the A v es Branch of Zhejiang Fauna (Zhuge,1990),but we checked the orig inal specimens on which the record was based and found that the specimen was misidenti ed;thus the rst record of the Red Phalarope is now dated as of 31January ,2012at L ing kuandao,Wenzhou (T able 1).DiscussionThe results show that the new records added are actual-ly from 2000and later,with most dated from the period 2004-2009,when birdwatching by amateurs became a popular and rapidly increasing activity in Zhejiang.The evidence consists mostly of photographs taken by birdwatchers.Decades ago,regional avifauna generally was based on skin specimens,mostly collected by orni-tholog ists.But in recent years,the situation has become quite different.The number of expeditions,specially org anized for collecting birds throughout China,has decreased while birdwatching and digital photography have rapidly dev eloped.Thus,birdwatchers have be-come major contributors to the new records and local avifauna.The incidence of new records gener ally resulted from two major causes:one is the chang e in the range of birds while the other consists of increased survey efforts.Some species have signi cantly extended their rang e.These include the Crested Goshawk (A ccipiter trivirg atus),the Black Eagle (Ic tinaetus malay ensis),the Lesser Coucal (Centro pus bengalensis)and the Black-collared Starling (Gracupica nig ricollis),etc.Their orig i-nal ranges were towards the south or in the deep south of Zhejiang (MacKinnon et al.,2000;Zheng 2005),but they are now widely distributed in the province.The Zhejiang Wild Bird Society ,founded in 2002,now has more than 300members whose frequent bird watch-ing activities dramatically increased the survey efforts throughout Zhejiang,especially in coastal areas which were originally ov erlooked.Thus migrant waders and seabirds have become a major part of the new records.On the other hand,due to the increasing survey efforts,the records show the occurrence of some rare species.These rare residents include such species as the White-browed Shr ike-Babbler (Pteruthius flavisca pis),the Spot-breasted Parrotbill (Paradox ornis g uttatico llis),the Shor t-tailed Parrotbill (Paradoxornis davidianus)and the Brown Bush Warbler (Brady pterus luteoventris).Among the rare wintering birds,the Ruddy Shelduck (T adorna ferrug inea),the L ong -tailed Duck (Clang ula hyemalis),the Great Black-headed Gull (L arus ichthy ae-tus)and the Relict Gull (Larus relictus)were discovered,as well as some vag rants,such as the Great Frig atebird (Fregata minor),the Hooded Crane (Grus monacha),the Brown-headed Gull (Larus brunnicephalus)and the Lesser Crested Tern (Thalasseus beng alensis).On the subject of renaming species,it should be not-ed that most of these were relativ ely simple,according to Zheng (2011),although a few were more complicated because of the chang e in the status of their classi ca-tion.Due to the promotion of the subspecies,the Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis crispus)is now the Dalmatian Pelican (Pelecanus crispus),the Rosy Miniv et (Pericroc otus roseus contonensis)is now S winhoe ’s Mini-vet (Pericro cotus cantonensis)and the Water Pipit (An-thus spino letta japonicus)is now the Buff-billed Pipit (A nthus rubescens japonicus).The Water Pipit (A nthus spinoletta)in Zheng (2011)actually is a new record for Zhejiang.According to Zheng (2011),the original Ori-ental Cuckoo (Cuc ulus saturatus)is now divided into the Oriental Cuckoo (Cuculus optatus)and the Hima-layan Cuckoo (Cuculus saturatus).We identi ed that in Zhuge (1990)as the Himalayan Cuck oo.A s for the Spot-billed Pelican,the Rosy Minivet and the Oriental Cuckoo,Zhejiang might be within their ranges,but we did not include them in the Zhejiang bird list this time because of a lack of evidence.We suggest that the records for provincial level fauna should be based on evidence that can be con rmed,such as specimens,photographs,videos,sounds and tissue samples.This evidence should be well preserved,S 3632012ei ing orestr niversit and China rnithological ociet C hen hui hua.i ndd 122012-7-271:09:0Chinese Birds 2012,3(2):118–136124preferably at state-owned museums.As well,photo-based and private-collection-based records should beposted at a publicly accessable website,otherwise they will most likely giv e rise to much dif culty in recon r-mation.Acknowledgmen ts This study was funded by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China (No.31071908)and the Zheji-ang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No.Y 5090070).W e are grateful to all the recorders mentioned in T able 1for contrib-uting their new records and photos.Refere ncesCai QK.1988.Birds of Beijing.Beijing Publishing House,Beijing.(in Chinese)Caldwell HR,Caldwell JC.1931.South China Birds.Hester May V anderburgh,Shanghai.Chen SH,Y an CW,Fan ZY ,Chen CS,Zhang FG.2005.Thebreed-ing colony of Chinese Crested Tern at Jiushan A rchipelago in Zhejiang.Chinese J Zool,40(1):96–97.(in Chinese with Eng-lish abstract)Cheng TH.1964.Systematic Index of Birds in China.Science Press,Beijing.(in Chinese)Dickenson E.2003.The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the W orld (3rd edition).L ondon:Christopher Helm.Fan ZY ,Chen CS,Chen SH,Chan S,L u YW.2011.Breeding seabirds along the Zhejiang coast:diversity,distribution an d conservation.Chinese Birds,2(1):39–45.Heilongjiang Provincial Willife Institute.1992.The avifauna of Heilongjiang.China Forestry Publishing Press,Beijing.(in Chinese)Huang MP.1989.A ves Branch of Liaoning Fauna.Liaoning Sci-ence and Technology Publishing House,Sheny ang.(in Chi-nese)Jiang PP,Ding P,Chen SH,Xia GR,Li BC,X u SX,Y e LX.2007.A Survey of Bird Diversity in Fengyangshan Mountain.In:The Natural Resource Expedition and Research in Fengyangshan Mountain.China Forestry Publishing Press,Beijing,pp 213–223.(in Chinese)La Touche JDD.1925-1934.A Handbook of the Birds of Eastern China.V ol.1–2.T aylor and Francis,London.MacKinnon J,Phillipps K ,He FQ.2000.A Field Guide to theBirds of China.Hunan Education Press,Changsha.(in Chi-nese)Monroe B L ,Sibley G C Jr.1993.A W orld Checklist Of Birds.New Haven and L ondon:Y ale University Press.Qian GZ,Wang PC,Zhu LB,Cui ZX.1983.Primary Analyses of 20years ’Bird community Structures of Tianmushan.Acta Ecol Sin,3(3):262–268.(in Chinese)Shaw TH.1934.Notes on the birds of Cheking.Bull Fan Memor Inst Biol,5:285–338.Sibley CG,A hlquist JE.1990.Phylogeny and Classi cation of Birds:A Study in Molecular Evolution.New Haven,Connecti-cut,Y ale 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GM.2005.A Checklist on the Classi cation and Distribu-tion of the Birds of China.Science Press,Beijing.(in Chinese)Zheng GM.2011.A Checklist on the Classi cation and Distri-bution of the Birds of China (Second Edition).Science Press,Beijing.(in Chinese)Zhou BX,Ma SQ.1965.Reports on the birds of middle and south Zhejiang I:the seasonal bird assemblage of Beishan,Jinhua.Proceedings of 30Anniversaries of Chinese Zoological Society,Beijing.(in Chinese)Zhu X.2003.A new record of Centropus toulou beng alensis in Zhejiang.J Zhejiang Forest Coll,20(1):106–107.(in Chinese)Zhuge Y .1990.A ves Branch of Zhejiang Fauna.Zhejiang Science and T echnology Publishing House,Hangzhou.(in Chinese)S C hen hui hua.i ndd 1242012-7-271:09:0。
宁波这个公园，堪称城区的鸟类天堂
宁湿地公园，又称为鄞州公园二期，是一个以湿地为特色的城区公园，水面宽阔与曲折兼具，树木与芦苇并植，步道和栈道皆有，飞鸟和花香共盛，是博物爱好者四时观察皆有所得的自然优地。今天上午雨中游园三小时，轻松拍得野鸟13种。如果电池足够，多花点时间，拍20种以上野鸟轻轻松松。
(整理)宁波市鸟类名录
宁波市鸟类名录
区系分布：有关宁波市鸟类动物的资源状况，综合省内外有关宁波市鸟类动物的调查成果，结合浙江省动物志的记载描述（诸葛阳等，1990），可以大致得到宁波市的鸟类动物区系分布情况。
全市共有鸟类动物349种(包括亚种,下同)，隶属于19目60科，其中潜鸟目1科1种，鸊鷉目1科5种，鹱形目2科4种，鹈形目3科3种，鹳形目3科22种，雁形目1科27种，隼形目2科25种，鸡形目1科6种，鹤形目3科10种，鴴形目6科42种，鸥形目1科8种，鸽形目1科5种，鹃形目1科6种，鴞形目2科12种，夜鹰目1科1种，雨燕目1科2种，佛法僧目3科6种，鴷形目2科6种，雀形目25科158种。
16.绿鹭Ｑ窖侵郑〣utorides striatus
connectens
244.黑喉石Saxicola torquata stejnegeri
245.灰林S. ferrea haringtoni。
浙江省湿地鸟类记录表
浙江湿地鸟类名录潜鸟目GAVIIFORMES潜鸟科Gaviidae红喉潜鸟*Gavia stellata (Pontoppidan)绿喉潜鸟*Gavia arctica viridigularis Dwight目PODICIPEDIFORMES科Odicipedidae小 Podiceps ruficollis poggei (Reichenow)角 odiceps auritus (Linnaeus)黑颈 Podiceps nigricollis nigricollis Brehm凤头 odiceps cristatus cristatus (Linnaeus)赤颈 Podiceps grisegena (Boddaert)鹱形目PROCELLARIIFORMES信天翁科Diomedeidae黑脚信天翁*Diomedea nigripes Audubon鹱科Procellariidae白额鹱*Puffinus leucomelas (Temminck)短尾鹱*Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck)燕鹱*Bulweria bulwerii (Jardine et Selby)鹈形目PELECANIFORMES鹈鹕科Pelecanidae斑嘴鹈鹕*Pelecanus philippensis crispus Bruch鲣鸟科Sulidae褐鲣鸟*Sula leucogaster plotus (Forster)鸬鹚科Phalacrocoracidae鸬鹚*Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenhach)斑头鸬鹚*Phalacrocorax capillatus (Temminck et Schlegel)军舰鸟科Fregatidae小军舰鸟*Fregata minor minor (Gmelin)鹳形目CICONIIFORMES鹭科Ardeidae苍鹭*Ardea cinerea rectirostris Gould草鹭*Ardea purpurea manilensis Meyen绿鹭黑龙江亚种*Butorides striatus amurensis von Schrenck瑶山亚种*Butorides striatus actophilus Oberholser池鹭*Ardeola bacchus (Bonaparte)牛背鹭*Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Boddaert)大白鹭*Egretta alba modesta (Gray)白鹭*Egretta garzetta garzetta (Linnaeus)黄嘴白骘*Egretta eulophotes (Swinhoe)岩鹭*Egretta sacra sacra (Gmelin)中白鹭*Egretta intermedia intermedia (Wagler)夜鹭*Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus)栗头夜鳽*Gorsachius goisagi (Temminck)海南夜鳽*Gorsachius magnificus (Ogilvie-Grant)黄苇鳽*Ixobrychus sinensis sinensis (Gmilin)紫背苇鳽*Ixobrychus eurhythmus (Swinhoe)栗苇鳽*Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin)黑鳽*Ixobrychus flavicollis flavicollis (Latham)大麻鳽*Botaurus stellaris stellaris (Linnaeus)鹳科Ciconiidae东方白鹳*Ciconia boyciana Swinhoe黑鹳*Ciconia nigra (Linnaeus)鹮科Threskiornithidae白鹮*Threskiornis melanocephalus (Latham)朱鹮*Nipponia nippon (Temminck)彩鹮*Plegadis falcinellus falcinellus (Linnaeus)白琵鹭*Platalea leucorodia leucorodia Linnaeus黑脸琵鹭*Ptatalea minor Temminck et Schlegel雁形目ANSERIFORMES鸭科Anatidae鸿雁*Anser cygnoides (Linnaeus)豆雁*Anser fabalis serrirostris Swinhoe自额雁*Anser albifrons albifrons (Scopoli)小白额雁*Anser erythropus (Linnaeus)灰雁*Anser anser (Linnaeus)小天鹅*Cygnus columbianus jankowskii (Alpheraky)疣鼻天鹅*Cygnus olor (Gmelin)翘鼻麻鸭*Tadorna tadorna (Linnaeus)针尾鸭*Anas acuta acuta Linnaeus绿翅鸭*Anas crecca crecca Linnaeus花脸鸭*Anas formosa Georgi罗纹鸭*Anas falcata Georgi绿头鸭*Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynclos Linnaeus 斑嘴鸭*Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha Swinhoe 赤膀鸭*Anas strepera strepera Linnaeus赤颈鸭*Anas penelope Linnaeus白眉鸭*Anas querquedula Linnaeus琵嘴鸭*Anas clypeata Linnaeus红头潜鸭*Aythya ferina (Linnaeus)白眼潜鸭*Aythya nyroca (Guldenstadt)青头潜鸭*Aythya baeri (Radde)凤头潜鸭*Aythya fuligula (Linnaeus)斑背潜鸭*Aythya marila (Linnaeus)鸳鸯*Aix galericulata (Linnaeus)棉凫*Nettapus coromandelianus corornandelianus (Gmalin)斑脸海番鸭*Melanitta fusca stejnegeri (Ridgway)鹊鸭*Bucephala clangula clangula (Linnaeus)斑头秋沙鸭*Mergus albellus (Linnaeus)中华秋沙鸭*Mergus squamatus Gould红胸秋沙鸭*Mergus serrator serrator Linnaeus普通秋沙鸭*Mergus merganser merganser Linnaeus隼形目FALCONIFORMES鹰科Accipitridae黑翅鸢Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines)栗鸢Haliastur indus indus (Boddaert)苍鹰Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus)赤腹鹰Accipiter soloensis (Horsfield)普通鵟Buteo buteo (Linnaeus)白肩雕Aquila heliaca Savigny乌雕Aquila clanga Pallas玉带海雕Haliaeetus leucoryphus (Pallas)白尾海雕Haliaaetus albicilla albicilla (Linnaeus)自尾鹞Circus cyaneus cyaneus (Linnaeus)鹊鹞Circus melanoleucos (Pennant)白腹鹞Circus spilonotus spilonotus Kaup鹗指名亚种Pandion haliaetus haliaetus (Linnaeus)鹗东南亚种Pandion haliaetus mutuus Kipp隼科Falconidae猎隼Falco cherrug milvipes Jerdon游隼Falco peregrinus Tunstall红脚隼Falco amurensis Radde红隼Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus鹤形目GRUIFORMES三趾鹑科Turnicidae黄脚三趾鹑*Turnix tanki blanfordii Blyth鹤科Gruidae灰鹤*Crus grus lilfordi Sharpe白枕鹤*Grus vipio Pallas白鹤*Bugeranus leucogeranus Pallsa秧鸡科Rallidae普通秧鸡*Rallus aquaticus indicus Blyth蓝胸秧鸡*Rallus striatus gularis Horsfield小田鸡*Porzana pusilla pusilla (Pallas)红胸田鸡*Porzana fusca erythrothorax (Temminck et Schlegel)红脚苦恶鸟*Amaurornis akool coccineipes (Slater)白胸苦恶鸟*Amaurornis phoenicurus chinensis (Boddaert)董鸡*Gallicrex cinerea (Gmelin)黑水鸡*Gallinula chloropus indica Blyth紫水鸡*Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus)骨顶鸡*Fulica atra atra Linnaeus鸻形目CHARADRIIFORMES雉鸻科Jacanidae水雉*Hydrophasianus chirurgus(Scopoli)彩鹬科Rostratulidae彩鹬*Rostratula benghalensis benghalensls (Linnaeus)蛎鹬科Haematopodidae蛎鹬*Haematopus ostralegus osculans Swinhoe鸻科Charadriidae凤头麦鸡*Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus)灰头麦鸡*Vanellus cinereus (Blyth)灰斑鸻*Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus)金斑鸻*Pluvialis dominica fulva (Gmelin)长嘴剑鸻*Charadrius placidus Gray金眶鸻*Charadrius dubius curonicus Gmelin环颈鸻*Charadrius alexandrinus nihonensis Deignan蒙古沙鸻*Charadrius mongolus mongolus Pallas铁嘴沙鸻*Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson东方鸻*Charadrius veredus Gould鹬科Scolopacidae小杓鹬*Numenius minutus Gould中杓鹬*Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scopoli)白腰杓鹬*Numenius arquata orientalis Brehm红腰杓鹬*Numenius madagascariensis (Linnaeus)黑尾塍鹬*Limosa limosa melanuroides Gould斑尾塍鹬*Limosa lapponica novaezealandiae Gray鹤鹬*Tringa erythropus (Palls)红脚鹬*Tringa totanus totanus (Linnaeus)泽鹬*Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein)青脚鹬*Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus)白腰草鹬*Tringa ochropus Linnaeus林鹬*Tringa glareola Linnaeus小青脚鹬*Tringa guttifer (Nordmann)矶鹬*Tringa hypoleucos Linnaeus灰鹬*Tringa incana brevipes (Vieillot)翘嘴鹬*Xenus cinereus (Guldenstadt)翻石鹬*Arenaria interpres interpres (Linnaeus)针尾沙锥*Gallinago stenura (Bonaparte)大沙锥*Gallinago megala Swinhoe扇尾沙锥*Gallinago gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus)丘鹬*Scolopax rusticola Linnaeus红腹滨鹬*Calidris canutus rogersi (Mathews)细嘴滨鹬*Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield)红胸滨鹬*Calidris ruficollis (Pallas)小滨鹬*Calidris minuta Leisler青脚滨鹬*Calidris temminckii (Leisler)尖尾滨鹬*Calidris acuminatus (Horsfield)黑腹滨鹬*Calidris alpina sakhalina (Vieillot)弯嘴滨鹬*Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan)三趾鹬Calidris alba (Pallas)勺嘴鹬*Eurynorhynchus pygmeus (Linnaeus)阔嘴鹬*Limicola falcinellus (Pontoppidan)反嘴鹬科Recurvirostridae黑翅长脚鹬*Himantopus himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus)反嘴鹬*Recurvirostra avosetta Linnaeus瓣蹼鹬科Phalaropodidae灰瓣蹼鹬*Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus)燕鸻科Glareolidae普通燕鸻*Glareola maldivarum Forster鸥形目LARIFORMES贼鸥科Stercorariidae中贼鸥*Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck)鸥科Laridae黑尾鸥*Larus crassirostris Vieillot海鸥*Larus canus kamtschatschensis (Bonaparte)银鸥*Larus argentatus vegae Palmen灰背鸥*Larus schistisagus Stejneger红嘴鸥*Larus ridibundus Linnaeus黑嘴鸥*Larus saundersi (Swinhoe)三趾鸥*Rissa tridactyla pollicaris Ridgway须浮鸥*Chlidonias hybrida swinhoei (Mathews)白翅浮鸥*Chlidonias leucoptera (Temminck)鸥嘴噪鸥*Gelochelidon nilotica affinis (Horsfield)红嘴巨鸥*Hydroprogne caspia caspia (Pallas)普通燕鸥*Sterna hirundo longipennis Nordmann粉红燕鸥*Sterna dougallii bangsi Mathews黑枕燕鸥*Sterna sumatrana sumatrana Raffes白额燕鸥*Sterna albifrons sinensis Gmelin大风头燕鸥*Thalasseus bergii cristatus (Stephens)白顶玄鸥*Anous stolidus pileatus (Scopoli)海雀科Alcidae扁嘴海雀*Synthliboramphus antiquus (Gmelin)鸮形目STRIGIFORMES鸱鸮科Strigidae毛脚鱼鸮Ketupa flavipes (Hodgson)雨燕目APODIFORMES雨燕科Apodidae白喉针尾雨燕Hirundapus caudacutus caudacutus (Latham)白腰雨燕Apus pacificus kanoi (Yamashina)小白腰雨燕Apus affinis subfurcatus (Blyth)佛法僧目CORACIIFORMES翠鸟科Alcedinidae冠鱼狗Ceryle lugubris guttulata Stejneger斑鱼狗Ceryle rudis insignis Hartert普通翠鸟Alcedo atthis bengalensis Gmelin蓝翡翠Halcyon pileata (Boddaert)雀形目PASSERIFORMES百灵科Alaudidae小云雀Alauda gulgula coelivox Swinhoe燕科Hirundinidae崖沙燕Riparia riparia fokienensis (La Touche)鹡鸰科Motacillidae黄鹡鸰东北亚种Motacilla flava macronyx (Stesesmann)黄鹡鸰堪察加亚种Motacilla flava simillima Hartert黄鹡鸰台湾亚种Motacilla flava taivana (Swinhoe)灰鹡鸰Motacilla cinerea robusta (Brehm)白鹡鸰灰背眼纹亚种Motacilla alba ocularis Swinhoe白鹡鸰普通亚种Motacilla alba leucopsis Gould白鹡鸰黑背眼纹亚种Motacilla alba lugens Gloger水鹨Anthus spinoletta japonicus Temminck et Schlegel 伯劳科Laniidae灰背伯劳Lanius tephronotus tephronotus (Vigors)河乌科Cinclidae褐河乌Cinclus pallasii pallasii Temminck鸫科Turdidae红尾水鸲Rhyacornis fuliginosus fuliginosus (Vigors)小燕尾Emicurus scouleri Vigors灰背燕尾Enicurus schistaceus (Hodgson)黑背燕尾Enicurus leschenaulti sinensis Gould白顶溪鸲Chaimarrornis leucocephalus (Vigors)蓝头矶鸫Monticola gularis (Swinhoe)画眉科Timaliidae震旦鸦雀Paradoxornis heudei heudei David莺科Sylviidae小蝗莺Locustella certhiola minor David et Oustalet矛斑蝗莺Locustella lanceolata (Temminck)东方大苇莺Acrocephalus orientalis (Temminck et Schlegel)黑眉苇莺Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Swinhoe钝翅苇莺Acrocephalus concinens concinens (Swinhoe)芦莺Acrocephalus aedon (Pallas)山雀科Paridae沼泽山雀Parus palusteis Linnaeus攀雀科Remizidae攀雀Remiz pendulinus consobrinus (Swinhoe)鹀科Emberizidae苇鹀Enberiza pallasi (Cabanis)。
宁波市湿地保护与利用规划
宁波市湿地保护与利用规划（2009～2020年）宁波市林业局浙江省林业调查规划设计院二○○九年九月目录前言1 湿地资源及保护管理现状 (1)1.1湿地资源概况 (1)1.2湿地保护管理现状 (17)1.3湿地面临的主要威胁及原因分析 (24)2 规划指导思想与目标 (32)2.1指导思想 (32)2.2基本原则 (32)2.3规划依据 (33)2.4规划期限 (34)2.5规划目标 (34)3 湿地保护总体布局 (37)3.1湿地保护类型区划 (37)3.2中北部滨海平原湿地区 (38)3.3东南部滨海丘陵湿地区 (42)3.4西部山地溪源湿地区 (46)4 湿地保护体系规划 (49)4.1湿地保护等级体系 (49)4.2湿地自然保护区体系 (52)4.3湿地公园建设体系 (55)4.4湿地污染整治体系 (57)4.5湿地生态修复与保护工程 (61)4.6湿地生态利用示范工程 (64)4.7检疫防疫体系 (66)4.8其他工程建设 (68)5 湿地管理体系规划 (70)5.1湿地保护管理 (70)5.2湿地恢复管理 (72)5.3可持续利用示范 (73)5.4能力建设规划 (73)6 重点工程建设规划 (78)6.1湿地自然保护区重点建设工程 (78)6.2湿地公园建设示范工程 (79)6.3湿地生态修复建设工程 (80)6.4湿地资源监测建设工程 (82)6.5湿地宣传教育培训基地建设 (86)7 效益评价 (88)7.1生态效益 (88)7.2社会效益 (88)7.3经济效益 (89)8 实施规划的保障措施 (91)8.1建立湿地保护管理组织机构和协调机制 (91)8.2完善湿地资源保护利用的政策和法制体系 (91)8.3加强对水资源的保护与管理 (92)8.4加大保护资金投入，力度广开募资渠道 (92)8.5加强科学研究，扩大对外合作 (93)8.6加强宣传教育，提高全民湿地保护意识 (93)8.7实施湿地开发环境影响评价制度 (94)附表：附表1 宁波市2公顷以上湿地按湿地类型分县（市、区）面积统计表附表2 宁波市主要水系湿地分县（市、区）面积统计表附表3 宁波市2公顷以上湿地按保护类型区分县（市、区）面积统计表附表4 宁波市续建与升格湿地自然保护区规划一览表附表5 宁波市新建湿地自然保护区规划一览表附表6 宁波市湿地公园规划一览表附表7 宁波市湿地自然保护小区规划一览表附表8 宁波市重要湿地规划一览表附图：附图1 宁波市湿地资源卫星影像图附图2 宁波市湿地资源分布图附图3 宁波湿地保护类型区划图附图4 宁波市重要湿地分布图附图5 宁波市湿地保护重点工程分布图附图6 宁波市湿地动植物监测点及宣传教育培训基地建设规划布局图1 湿地资源及保护管理现状宁波市地处全国大陆海岸线的中段，长江三角洲的南翼，浙江省东北部的东海之滨，宁绍平原的东端，界于东经120°55’～122°16’，北纬28°55’～30°33’之间。
宁波市鸟类名录word版
宁波市鸟类名录
区系分布：有关宁波市鸟类动物的资源状况，综合省内外有关宁波市鸟类动物的调查成果，结合浙江省动物志的记载描述（诸葛阳等，1990），可以大致得到宁波市的鸟类动物区系分布情况。
全市共有鸟类动物349种(包括亚种,下同)，隶属于19目60科，其中潜鸟目1科1种，鸊鷉目1科5种，鹱形目2科4种，鹈形目3科3种，鹳形目3科22种，雁形目1科27种，隼形目2科25种，鸡形目1科6种，鹤形目3科10种，鴴形目6科42种，鸥形目1科8种，鸽形目1科5种，鹃形目1科6种，鴞形目2科12种，夜鹰目1科1种，雨燕目1科2种，佛法僧目3科6种，鴷形目2科6种，雀形目25科158种。
16.绿鹭Ｑ窖侵郑〣utorides striatus
connectens
244.黑喉石Saxicola torquata
stejnegeri
245.灰林S. ferrea haringtoni
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浙江天童国家森林公园鸟类区系和群落特征
浙江省鸟类区系研究报道大多侧重于西 部、 南部山区
［ 1 － 5］
况， 同时也为天童国家野外科学观测研究站积 累基础资料， 作 者 于 2006 年 4 月 至 2009 年 11
基金项目 国家自然科学基金重点项目（ No. 30130060 ） ；
以及沿海湿地 及 岛 屿
Hale Waihona Puke ［ 6 － 9］， 其
中对于东部沿海丘陵山地的鸟类资源研究较为 缺少 。 天童国家森林公园位于浙江省东北部的 宁波市鄞县境内， 属于亚热带沿海丘陵山区， 曾 高颖等人对本地区的鸟类区系有所报 有章 平 、 道
· 88 ·
动物学杂志 Chinese Journal of Zoology
45 卷
3
3. 1
结
果
本次调查共发现鸟类
鸻形目 、 鹤 形 目、 雁形目等涉禽及游禽则 形目 、 相对较少；雀形 目 84 种， 主 要 为 鹎 科、 鸫 科、 莺 科、 画眉科等 森 林 鸟 类 以 及 鹡 鸰 科 、 雀 科、 鹀科 等农田 鸟 类 。 鸟 种 组 成 反 映 出 森 林 生 境 的 特 点 。 鸟类地理区系及居留型组成见表 1 。
对鸟 类 春 秋 迁 徙 期 、 繁殖期以及越冬期进行调 查， 其 中 迁 徙 季 各 3 次， 繁殖期及越冬期各 2
图1 Fig. 1
调查样线 、 样点分布示意图
Locations of the sample points and line transects
K、 L、 M、 J、 N、 O、 H 分别为各样线上分布的样点 。
CD 、 DE 、 IJ 为森林样线， EF 、 GH 为农田样线； 地图来自 Google Earth 。 其中 AB 为湿地样线，
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宁波市鸟类名录
区系分布：有关宁波市鸟类动物的资源状况，综合省内外有关宁波市鸟类动物的调查成果，结合浙江省动物志的记载描述（诸葛阳等，1990），可以大致得到宁波市的鸟类动物区系分布情况。
全市共有鸟类动物349种(包括亚种,下同)，隶属于19目60科，其中潜鸟目1科1种，鸊鷉目1科5种，鹱形目2科4种，鹈形目3科3种，鹳形目3科22种，雁形目1科27种，隼形目2科25种，鸡形目1科6种，鹤形目3科10种，鴴形目6科42种，鸥形目1科8种，鸽形目1科5种，鹃形目1科6种，鴞形目2科12种，夜鹰目1科1种，雨燕目1科2种，佛法僧目3科6种，鴷形目2科6种，雀形目25科158种。
16.绿鹭Ｑ窖侵郑〣utorides striatus
connectens
244.黑喉石Saxicola torquata stejnegeri
245.灰林S. ferrea haringtoni。