【全国百强中学】江苏省南菁高级中学2019-2020年高二上学期期中模拟考试语文试题
【全国百强中学】江苏省南菁高级中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期中模拟考试语文试题
江苏省南菁高级中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期中模拟考试语文试题（新高考模式）（试卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟）注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
我国古代历史上生活着一类特殊群体，他们不以官职论高低，不以财富论成败，进可拜将封相，退则遨游山野，功成不倨，恃才不傲，平生致力于修身养性，治国安邦，这就是“士”。
士文化是传统文化的升华和瑰宝，其立身之道是中华民族的精神食粮，其结晶则是具有高度凝聚力的民族精神。
古代的“士”是指介于大夫与庶民之间的阶层。
用今天的话来讲，就是处于“官”与农工商“小百姓”之间的“各界人士”，尤指古代的读书人。
士的社会特征就是不当官，不掌权。
一旦当官就叫“步入仕途”或“入仕”。
按这个特征来界定，如今仍然存在着“士”这个阶层。
教授、专家、学者、作家、记者；卫生界、教育界、科技界、文艺界、商界及其他各型的知识分子，凡“学而不仕者”，皆属士的范畴。
传统的士讲风骨，重操守。
尽管他们经济上处于附庸地位，却极自尊，重义轻利。
士尊崇的是“贫贱不能移，富贵不能淫，威武不能屈”的大丈夫；他们向往立功、立德、立言而作不朽之人；他们以国为家，倡导“天下为公”；他们能“杀身成仁，舍生取义”。
“腰无半文，心忧天下”是他们的写照。
指点江山、著书立说、“志在天下”是他们的社会属性。
士的社会特征及属性，决定了他们创造及发展的文化内容，由人及家，由家而国，由“小术”至“大道”，无一不与国家民族有关。
当道者对士的态度大多优礼有加，故“礼贤下士”之古风作为美谈。
这种文化土壤栽培出的中国读书人，历来将读书与国家的命运联系在一起。
关心国事成了中国知识分子特有的优良传统，这是其他各国没有的社会及文化现象。
江苏省南菁高级中学2020-2021学年高二上学期第一次阶段性考试英语试题含答案
江苏省南菁高级中学2020-2021学年度第一学期高二年级第一次阶段性考试（英语学科）2020.10本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷满分150分考试时间120分钟注意事项:答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、智学网账号填涂在答题卡上。
考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分听力（共两节满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is Mike so unhappy?A. He failed one of his exams.B. He is upset about others.C. He is worried about physics.2. How does the man probably feel?A. Happy.B. Nervous.C. Disappointed.3. Who is the woman speaking to?A. A bank clerk.B. A tour guide.C. A customs officer.4. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Ann left here two years ago.B. The woman has covered a long way.C. The man has lived here for two years.5. What will the man probably do tomorrow?A. Stay at home.B. Do some shopping.C. Take an interview.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2019-2020学年江苏省南菁高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案
2019-2020学年江苏省南菁高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHubeiProvincehas long been a favorite Chinese tourist destination because of its natural scenery, historic cities, and beautiful mountains. Here are some of the best places to visit inHubeiProvince.YellowCraneTowerYellowCraneToweris known as one of the Three Famous Towers South of Yangtze River, together withYueyangTowerinHunanand Tengwang Pavilion inJiangxi. The history ofYellowCraneTowerdates back to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in Chinese history. The tower was used as a watchtower by the King of Wu's army in the beginning.Enshi Grand CanyonEnshi Grand Canyon can beChina's answer to the Grand Canyon inArizona, theUnited Statesin beauty. The canyon runs 108 kilometers and occupies a land area of 3,000 square kilometers. The region where Enshi Grand Canyon is located used to be a vast sea with many limestone deposits 230 million years ago.Shennongjia Scenic AreaIt is famous for its varied plant species as well as mountains. Regarded as the “Lungs of Central China", the forest coverage reaches over 90 percent of the area. Due to the special climate, it is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. Sometimes clouds stretch around mountains, rewarding tourists with unforgettable views. Besides, the area is home to some rare animals such as golden monkeys, white bears and antelope.The Three-Gorge Tribe scenic spotLocated in the area of the Xiling Gorge in the city ofYichang, it has the beauty of landscape paintings. The spot is a “ProtectedCenterof the Popular Culture and Art of the Three Gorges”. Since ancient times, a lot of famous scholars have produced a great number of excellent poems praising the beauty of this place, some of which are carved on the stones along theYangtze River.1. What is special aboutYellowCraneTower?A. It has a long history.B. It offers a scenic view.C. It once served war's purposes.D. It is the best-known tower inChina2. Why is the Grand Canyon inArizonamentioned ?A. To explain its popularity inChina.B. To help readers know more about it.C. To prove the beauty of the Chinese canyon.D. To show differences between the two canyons.3. Which place will a Chinese literature lover probably visit?A. Enshi Grand Canyon.B.YellowCraneTower.C. Shennongjia Scenic Area.D. TheThree-Gorge Tribe scenic spot.BTeens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better healthas adults, according to research published by an American research center.“This research suggests that improving students' relationships with teachers could have positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success," said Jinho Kim, a professor atKoreaUniversityand author of the study."Itcould also bring about healthimplicationsin the long run.”Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is causal（因果的）-it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and to poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens' relationships with their peers（同龄人）, rather than on their relationships with teachers.To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study in theU.S.that followed participants from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participant pool included more than 3,400 pairs of siblings（兄弟姐妹）. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students and your teachers?" As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health.Kim found that participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when hecontrolled for family background by looking at pairs of siblings together, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.The results suggest teacher relationships are more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students. "This is not something that most teachers receive much training in," Kim said, “but it should be.”4. What does the underlined word “implications" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Recipes.B. Habits.C. Benefits.D. Risks.5. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Poor health in adolescence.B. Limitations of the previous research.C. Teens' relationships with their peers.D. Factors affecting health in adulthood.6. What does Kim's research show?A. Good adult health depends on teens' good teachers.B. Good family background promises long-term adult health.C. Healthy peer relationships leads to students' academic success.D. Positive student-teacher relationship helps students' adult health.7. Where does this text probably come from?A. A health magazine.B. A medical report.C. A term paper.D. A family survey.CThere is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include responsibilities and unconditional love, whichprecludemothers and daughters from being best friends.Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. Thisgeneration of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining(保持) and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of work and technology, which may bring them even closer together.Best friends may ormay not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse; the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. Sometimes this is not an equal relationship. Daughters don’t always feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. But mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers always “trump(胜过)” friends.8. What does the underlined word “preclude” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. differ.B. benefit.C. prevent.D. change.9. What can we learn from what Marina said?A. Best friends will not spend money on her wedding.B. Best friends will not remind her of important issues in life.C. Her mother is wiser on account of her age.D. Her mother is definitely not her best friend.10. Why can a mother and a daughter build a even closer relationship today?A. Because they share advanced technology with each other.B. Because they work together to support the whole family.C. Because they experience the same values and traditions.D. Because they have common experience in life and work.11. What is the text mainly about?A. How to build a good mother and daughter relationship.B. A mother-daughter relationship is irreplaceable.C. Mothers want to be daughters’ friends.D. A daughter is a mother’s best friend.DThe common use of Google Maps, a navigation(导航) app on smartphones, raises the age-old question we meet with any technology:What skills are we losing? But also, crucially: What capabilities are we gaining?People who are good at finding their way around or good at using paper maps usually experience lots of confusion with digital maps. For example, they may mess up the direction of north and south, and you can see only a small section at a time. But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me. Despite being a frequent traveler, I’m so terrible at finding my way that I still use Google Maps almost every day in the small town where I have lived for many years. What seems unnecessary to some has been a significant expansion of my own capabilities.Part of the problem is that reading paper maps requires a specific skill set. There is nothing natural about them. In many developed nations, street names and house numbers are meaningful, and instructions such as “go north for three blocks and then west” usually make sense. In Istanbul, in contrast, where I grew up, none of those hold true. For one thing, the locals rarely use street names, and house numbers often aren’tsequentialeither because after buildings 1, 2 and 3 were built, someone squeezed in another house between 1 and 2, and now that’s 4. But then 5 will maybe get built after 3, and 6 will be between 2 and 3. Besides, the city is full of winding and ancient streets that meet with newer ones. Therefore, instructions as simple as “go north” would require a helicopter. I got lost all the time.But since I used Google Maps, I travel with a lot more confidence, and my world has opened up. And because I go to more places more confidently, I believe my native navigation skills have somewhat improved, too.That brings me back to my original question: while we often lose some skills after seeking convenience from technology, this new setup may also allow us to expand our capabilities and do something more confidently. Maybe when technology closes a door, we should also look for the doors it opens.12. How does the author feel about Google Maps?A Confusing. B. Unnecessary. C. Complicated. D. Helpful.13. Which contributes to the difficulty of finding ways in Istanbul?A. Strange street names.B. Ordinary paper maps.C. Complex road arrangements.D. Lack of road instructions.14. What does the underlined word “sequential” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. In a fixed order.B. In good condition.C. Of great importance.D. Of the same kind.15. What column of a newspaper may this passage belong to?A. Fashion.B. Opinion.C. Society.D. Geography.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年江苏省南菁高级中学高三英语期中试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年江苏省南菁高级中学高三英语期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHottest Travel DestinationsSometimes figuring out the best place to go can be difficult. Here are some hottest travel destinations that offer some of the most beautiful, artistic, and fashionable places on the globe.Ibiza, SpainWhile Ibiza is knownas a party city, there is far more to do in this historic town than simply drink and dance under the stars. Built mainly in the second century, it’s a world heritage site with architecture dating back to as early as the 7th century. Don’t miss Charo Ruiz, Ibiza’s most famous fashion brand. Plus, the Ibiza Fashion Festival takes place every June.Tangier, MoroccoKnown as the “door to Africa”, Tangier has a rich and complex history dating back thirty centuries. It has all the beauty of the natural world. After spending a morning sunbathing by the Mediterranean Sea, get in some amazing shopping and discover great deals on everything. Before you head home, stop off in Marakesh to visit some of the top Moroccan designers.Havana, CubaStepping onto the streets of Havana feels like stepping back in time. For a day of sightseeing, check out the remaining architecture of Old Havana, which was built ten centuries ago. You can easily do it with one of the area’s many walking tours. Or visit the Museum of Rum for a taste of the island’s most popular wine. You might come across a clothing shop offering some classic finds!Melbourne AustraliaBuilt largely during the 1850s gold rush, Melbourne remains as alive as ever. Make sure to check out the hottest Australian brands. Moreover, visit the Block Arcade in Collins Street to see some of the 19th century architectural details the world has to offer. And, if you want to catch the largest consumer fashion festival in the world, grab tickets for the yearly Virgin Australia Melbourne Fashion Festival.1.What can visitors do in both Ibiza and Havana?A.Taste local wine.B.Visit modern Museums.C.Appreciate ancient buildings.D.Enjoy parties under the stars.2.To attend the globally largest consumer fashion festival, you have to go to ________.A.SpainB.MoroccoC.Havana.D.Australia3.Which of the following cities is the oldest?A.Ibiza.B.Tangier.C.Havana.D.Melbourne.BNina Wygant, 11, sits in front of a long table in a classroom that looks more like a trendy coffee shop than an elementary school classroom. Some of her fifth-grade classmates at Hopewell Memorial Junior High School sit on high-top chairs at counters. Others choose to sit in club chairs or soft bean bags in comfortable. "I like it because it gives us an environment we like or need to settle down and read a book that we would like to concentrate on instead of having desks and being all quiet," said Vivian Garcia, 10. “You can just space out and have your own little area. I find it very amazing that you can pick your own books instead of being told what to read.”That’s the end goal, said teacher Heather Shadish. Reading has always been a passion for this English language arts and science teacher, a passion she instills（灌输）in her pupils. Back then, in her literature class in graduate school at Chatham University, a professor read aloud the first chapter ofBecause of Winn-Dixieby Kate DiCamillo, a Newbery Medalist. "That was the moment I knew I wanted to some day teach reading. There was a spark there. I just felt these are the kind of books I need to share with kids ---the books that are going to make them feel something and make them fall in love with reading instead of reading being achore.”But information in children's workbooks is limited, so they open tablets and connect to Epic - a digital library that's free to educators and librarians, but $7.99 a month for parents — giving kids unlimited access to approximately 35,000 books（both print and audio）, quizzes and videos to enhance learning.“Epic gives students access to information not found in a textbook and presents it in a more interesting way," she said.4. What does Vivian think of the reading experience?A. She favors club chairs and free discussion.B. She feels comfortable to be told what to read.C. She enjoys the environment and reading choice.D. She finds it easy to pick a book in a crowded area.5. What does the underlined word “chore" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Task.B. Process.C. Habit.D. Skill.6. What can children get from Epic?A. Free audio books.B. Tasks on reading levels.C. Advice from educators.D. Useful learning resources.7. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. A Teacher's New Reading MethodB. Pupils' love of Reading RoomC. Options of Teaching ReadingD. Easy Access to Digital ReadingCFor our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays.One man's meat is another man's poison.Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的) touristattractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of beinginfected with COVID-19 in particular.As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September, with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in earlyOctober, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病，瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.8. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?A. Some persons like meat, while others don't.B. Different persons taste meals differently.C. A man mistakes meat for poison.D. Different persons have different opinions on one thing.9. How do travelers contribute to our economy development?A. They buy all kinds of tickets.B. They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers.C. They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities and admission.D. They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions.10. Which sentence of the following is not true?A. There's a need for more policemen.B Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely.C. Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely.D. People should never travel when there is a pandemic.11. What the author's attitude to travel during holidays?A. He doesn't show his opinion.B. He doesn't agree at all.C. He supports unconditionally.D. He supports and makes some suggestions.DIf you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helpsexplain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet, but no one had tested that until now.To understand their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick tum, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exciting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientific research. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”12. Why was laser used in the experiment?A. To frighten the butterflies into lying.B. To help researchers observe the butterflies.C. To help take clear photos of air movement.D. To guide the butterflies through the smoke.13. What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?A. Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.14. According to the writer, the finding of the research can be used for .A. helping catch a resting butterfly more easilyB. helping do research on other butterfly-like insectsC. helping provide inspiration for making small flying vehiclesD. helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B. How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?C. How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?D. Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏省南菁高级中学高二数学上学期第一次阶段性考试试题(强化班)
江苏省南菁高级中学2020—2021学年高二数学上学期第一次阶段性考试试题（强化班）试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟一、单项选择题:本题共 8 小题，每小题 5 分,共 40 分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．如果－1,a ，b ，c ,－9成等比数列,那么( B ）A 。
b ＝3，ac ＝9B 。
b ＝－3,ac ＝9 C. b ＝3，ac ＝－9 D. b ＝－3，ac ＝－9 解：由等比数列的性质可得ac ＝(－1）×(－9）＝9，b ×b ＝9且b 与奇数项的符号相同，故b ＝－3，选B2．已知△ABC 的顶点B 、C 在椭圆错误!＋y 2＝1上，顶点A 是椭圆的一个焦点，且椭圆的另外一个焦点在BC 边上,则△ABC 的周长是（ C )A . 2错误!B . 6C . 4错误!D 。
12解：由椭圆的定义椭圆上一点到两焦点的距离之和等于长轴长2a ，可得ABC ∆的周长为4a ＝4错误!，所以选C 3．设{}n a 是公差为正数的等差数列，若12315a a a ++=,12380a a a =,则111213a a a ++=（ B ）A ．120B ．105C ．90D ．75 解:{}n a 是公差为正数的等差数列,若12315a a a ++=，12380a a a =，则25a =,13(5)(5)16a a d d =-+=，∴d ＝3，1221035a a d =+=，111213a a a ++=105，选B 。
4．在等比数列{}n a 中,12a =，前n 项和为n S ，若数列{}1n a +也是等比数列，则n S 等于（ C ）A 。
122n +- B 。
3n C.2n D 。
31n -解：因数列{}n a 为等比,则12n n a q -=,因数列{}1n a +也是等比数列，则22121122212(1)(1)(1)22(12)01n n n n n n n n n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a a a a q q q +++++++++=++⇒+=++⇒+=⇒+-=⇒=即2n a =,所以2n S n =，故选择C 。
江苏省南菁高级中学高二数学上学期期中试题苏教版
江苏省南菁高级中学2013—2014学年第一学期期中考试高二数学试卷命题人 董骁 审题人 王晓一、填空题：（本题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分） 1．命题“存在02,00≤∈X R x ”的否定是 ▲ .2. “直线02=++a y ax 和直线07)1(3=+-+y a ax 平行”的充分必要条件是“ ▲ ”.3. 一个圆柱的底面直径．．和它的高相等，且圆柱的体积为π16，则圆柱的高是 ▲ .4. 空间直角坐标系中，已知)2,0,1(A ，)1,3,1(-B ，点P 在Z 轴上，且PB PA =,则点P 的坐标为 ▲ .5. 已知1F 、2F 分别是双曲线112422=-y x 的左、右焦点，点P 是双曲线上的点，且31=PF ，则2PF 的值为 ▲ .6. 过点)1,4(A 的圆C 与直线01=--y x 相切于点)1,2(B ,则圆C 的方程为 ▲ .7. 已知圆锥的底面半径为2cm ，高为1cm ，则圆锥的侧面积是8. 经过点)1,2(，且与两坐标轴围成等腰直角三角形的直线方程为 ▲ .9. 已知点)1,1(-P 和点)2,2(Q ，若直线0:=++m my x l 与线段PQ 不．相交，则实数m 的取值范围是 ▲ .10. 设c b ,表示两条直线，βα,表示两个平面，现给出下列命题：① 若,//b c αα⊂，则//b c ； ② 若,//b b c α⊂，则//c α； ③ 若//,c ααβ⊥，则c β⊥； ④ 若//,c c αβ⊥，则αβ⊥． 其中真命题是 ▲ .（写出所有真命题的序号）11. 已知圆()()1sin 2cos 2:221=-+-θθy x C 与圆1:222=+y x C ，Q P ,分别为圆1C 与圆2C 上的动点，则PQ 的最大值为 ▲ .12. 长方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，底面ABCD 是边长为2的正方形，高为4，则顶点1A 到截面11D AB 的距离为 ▲ .AB C C 1A 1B 1 FD(第17题图)（第19题图）13. 已知椭圆22221(0,0)x y a b a b+=>>的左、右焦点分别为12(0)(0)F c F c -，，，，若椭圆上存在点P （异于长轴的端点），使得1221sin sin c PF F a PF F ∠=∠，则该椭圆离心率的取值范围是 ▲ .14. 已知实数y x ,满足y y x x -+=+-1212，则y x +的取值范围是 ▲ . 二、解答题：（本大题共6小题，共90分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.） 15. (本小题14分)已知直线02:1=++y ax l )(R a ∈.（1）若直线1l 的倾斜角为o120,求实数a 的值； （2）若直线1l 在x 轴上的截距为2,求实数a 的值；（3）若直线1l 与直线012:2=+-y x l 平行，求两平行线之间的距离.16. (本小题14分)命题p :实数x 满足22430x ax a -+<（其中0a >），命题q :实数x 满足⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-+≤-02321x x x（1）若1=a ，且q p ∧为真，求实数x 的取值范围；（2）若p ⌝是q ⌝的充分不必要条件，求实数a 的取值范围.17. (本小题14分)如图，在直三棱柱111C B A ABC -中，AC AB =，点D 和点F 分别为BC 和1AC 中点， （1）求证：平面1ADC ⊥平面11B BCC ； （2）求证：DF //平面11ABB A .18．(本小题16分)已知圆4:22=+y x O 和点()2,1M ，过点M 的圆的两条弦BD AC ,互相垂直， 设21,d d 分别为圆心O 到弦BD AC ,的距离． （1）求1d 的最小值与最大值； （2）求证2221d d +为定值；（3）求四边形ABCD 面积的最大值．19. (本小题16分)四棱锥ABCD P -中，底面ABCD 是边长为8的菱形，3π=∠BAD ，若5==PD PA ，平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD .（1）求四棱锥ABCD P -的体积； （2）求证：AD ⊥PB ；（3）若点E 为BC 的中点，能否在棱PC 上找到一点F ，使平面 DEF ⊥平面ABCD ，并证明你的结论?20．(本小题16分)已知椭圆O 的中心在原点，长轴在x 轴上，右顶点)0,2(A 到右焦点的距离与它到右准线的距离之比为23. 不过A 点的动直线m x y +=21交椭圆O 于P ,Q 两点．(1)求椭圆的标准方程；(2)证明P ,Q 两点的横坐标的平方和为定值；(3)过点A ,P ,Q 的动圆记为圆C ，动圆C 过不同于A 的定点，请求出该定点坐标. 江苏省南菁高级中学2013—2014学年第一学期期中考试高二数学试卷答题卷一、填空题：（本题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分）1. ；2. ；3. ；4. ；5. ；6. ；7. ；8. ；9. ；10. ；11. ；12. ；13. ；14. ；二、解答题：（本大题共6小题，共90分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.） 15.ABC C 1A 1B 1 FD(第17题图)16.17. 18.19.20.参考答案及评分说明 一、填空题：（本题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分） 1.02,00>∈∀X R x ；2. 0=a 或7=a ； 3. 4 ；4.()0,0,3- ；5. 7 ；6. 22(3)2x y -+=；7. 25π ； 8. 30x y +-=或01=--y x ；9. 32-<m 或21>m ；10. ④ ； 11. 4 ； 12. ； 13. 211e -<< ；14. []244,322++ .二、解答题：（本大题共6小题，共90分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.）AB C C 1A 1B 1 FD(第17题图)15. (1)3=a …………4分 (2) 1-=a …………8分 (3)553 ………………14分 16.解：（1）由03422<+-a ax x 得()()03<--a x a x ，又0>a ，所以a x a 3<<， 当1=a 时，31<<x ，即p 为真时，实数x 的取值范围是31<<x ………………2分由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-+≤-02321x x x 得⎩⎨⎧>-≤≤≤- 2....3,31x huo x x 解得32≤<x ，即q 为真时，实数x 的取值范围是32≤<x ，……………4分若q p ∧为真，则p 真且q 真，所以实数x 的取值范围是()3,2……………6分（2）由（Ⅰ）知p ：3a x a <<，则p ⌝：x a ≤或3x a ≥，………………8分q ：23x <≤，则q ⌝：2x ≤或3x >，………………10分 p ⌝是q ⌝的充分不必要条件，则p q ⌝⇒⌝，且q p ⌝⇒⌝/，∴02,33,a a <≤⎧⎨>⎩解得12a <≤，故实数a 的取值范围是(1,2]．………………14分17. 证明：(1) 因为直三棱柱ABC -A 1B 1C 1，所以CC 1⊥平面ABC , 而AD ⊂平面ABC , 所以CC 1⊥AD . ………………2分 又AB =AC ,D 为BC 中点,所以AD ⊥BC ,因为BC ⋂CC 1=C ,BC ⊂平面BCC 1B 1,CC 1⊂平面BCC 1B 1, 所以AD ⊥平面BCC 1B 1, ………………5分 因为AD ⊂平面ADC 1,所以平面ADC 1⊥平面BCC 1B 1. …………………7分 (2) 连结A 1B,A 1C,因为直三棱柱ABC -A 1B 1C 1，所以四边形ACC 1A 1是平行四边形，所以AC 1交A 1C 于中点F 又因为D 为BC 中点，所以DF //A 1B , ………………………11分而DF ⊄平面ABB 1A 1, A 1B ⊂平面ABB 1A 1, 所以DF //平面ABB 1A 1. ……………………14分18．解：（1）由题意知点M 在圆内，所以当AC 过圆心O 时，1d 有最小值0， 当AC ⊥OM 时，1d 有最大值3；………………4分 （2）当都不过圆心时，设于，则为矩形，，………………8分当中有一条过圆心时，上式也成立；………………9分综上所述：2221d d +为定值3；………………10分（3）∴………………12分（当且仅当时等号成立）………………14分所以四边形ABCD 面积521≤⋅=BD AC S 所以四边形ABCD 面积的最大值是5. ………………16分19.解：(1)过P 作PM ⊥AD 于M∵面PAD ⊥面ABCD 面PAD ⋂面ABCD=AD PM ⊂面PAD ∴PM ⊥面ABCD ………………2分 又PA=PD=5,AD=8∴M 为AD 的中点且PM=34522=-………………3分 ∵3π=∠BAD ，AD=8∴菱形ABCD 的面积S =332………………4分∴323238831=⨯⨯⨯⨯=-ABCDP V PM S ⋅31=332………………5分(2)证明：连接BM∵BD=BA=8， AM=DM 3π=∠BAD ∴AD ⊥BM, ………………7分又AD ⊥PM,且BM ⋂PM=M∴AD ⊥平面PMB ，………………9分∵PB ⊂平面PMB ∴AD ⊥PB ………………10分(3) 能找到,并且点F 为棱PC 的中点………………11分证法一：∵F 为PC 的中点, 点E 为BC 的中点∴EF ∥PB ………………12分 又由(2)可知AD ⊥PB ∴AD ⊥EF ，………………13分 由AD ⊥BM ，BM ∥DE 可得AD ⊥DE ………………14分又AD ⊥EF ，且DE ⋂ EF=E ∴AD ⊥面DEF ………………15分 又AD ⊂面ABCD ∴面DEF ⊥面ABCD ………………16分证法二：设O DE CM =⋂连FO ∴O 为MC 的中点，在△PMC 中FO ∥PM ∵PM ⊥面ABCD ∴FO ⊥面ABCD 又FO ⊂面DEF ∴面DEF ⊥面ABCD20．解：（1）设椭圆的标准方程为()012222>>=+b a by a x .由题意得23,2==e a .………………2分 3=∴c , 1b =, ………………3分 ∴椭圆的标准方程为1422=+y x .…………4分 （2）证明：设点),(),,(2211y x Q y x P 将m x y +=21带入椭圆，化简得：0)1(2222=-++m mx x ○1 ∴212122,2(1)x x m x x m +=-=-,………………6分∴222121212()24x x x x x x +=+-=,∴P ,Q 两点的横坐标的平方和为定值4. ………………7分（3）(法一)设圆的一般方程为:220x y Dx Ey F ++++=,则圆心为（,22D E --）,PQ 中点M (2,m m -), PQ 的垂直平分线的方程为:m x y 232--=, ………………8分圆心（2,2E D --）满足m x y 232--=，所以322E D m -=-○2,………………9分圆过定点(2,0)，所以420D F ++=○3,………………10分圆过1122(,),(,)P x y Q x y , 则2211112222220,0,x y Dx Ey F x y Dx Ey F ++++=++++=⎧⎨⎩ 两式相加得： 22221212121220,x x y y Dx Dx Ey Ey F ++++++++=222212121212(1)(1)()()2044x x x x D x x E y y F ++-+-+++++=, (11)分12y y m +=Q , 5220mD mE F -++=∴○4.………………12分因为动直线12y x m =+与椭圆C 交与P,Q （均不与A 点重合）所以1-≠m ，由○2○3○4解得:3(1)3335,,,42222m D E m F m -==+=--………………13分代入圆的方程为：223(1)3335()042222m x y x m y m -++++--=,整理得：22335333()()0422422x y x y m x y +-+-++-=,………………4分所以：223350,4223330,422x y x y x y ⎧+-+-=⎪⎪⎨⎪+-=⎪⎩………………15分 解得：0,1,x y =⎧⎨=⎩或2,0x y =⎧⎨=⎩(舍).所以圆过定点(0,1). ………………16分(法二) 设圆的一般方程为:220x y Dx Ey F ++++=,将m x y +=21代入的圆的方程: 024522=+++⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+++F mE m x E D m x ○5.………………8分方程○1与方程○5为同解方程.22122(1)542E m mE Fm D m m ++-+=+=, ………………11分 圆过定点(2,0)，所以024=++F D , ………………12分 因为动直线m x y +=21与椭圆C 交与P,Q （均不与A 点重合）所以1-≠m . 解得: 3(1)3335,,42222m D E m F m -==+=--,………………13分 (以下相同)。
江苏省无锡市江阴南菁高级中学2020年高二数学理模拟试题含解析
江苏省无锡市江阴南菁高级中学2020年高二数学理模拟试题含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 从狼堡去青青草原的道路有6条，从青青草原去羊村的道路有20条，狼堡与羊村被青青草原隔开，则狼去羊村的不同走法有（）A．120 B．26 C．20 D．6参考答案：A【考点】D8：排列、组合的实际应用．【分析】根据题意，分析可得从狼堡去青青草原有6种选择，从青青草原去羊村有20种选择，由分步计数原理计算可得答案．【解答】解：根据题意，从狼堡去青青草原的道路有6条，即从狼堡去青青草原有6种选择，从青青草原去羊村的道路有20条，从青青草原去羊村有20种选择，则狼去羊村的不同走法有6×20=120种；故选：A．【点评】本题考查分步计数原理的应用，关键分析题意，将问题进行分步分析．2. 下列程序运行的结果是（）A． 1, 2 ,3 B． 2, 3, 1 C． 2, 3, 2 D． 3, 2, 1参考答案：C3. 已知P为△ABC所在平面α外一点，PA=PB=PC，则P点在平面α内的射影一定是△ABC 的（）A．内心 B．外心 C．垂心 D．重心参考答案：B4. 为了解儿子身高与其父亲身高的关系，随机抽取5对父子身高数据如下A．B．C． D．参考答案：C5. 某程序框图如右图所示，该程序运行后，输出的值为（）. .. .参考答案：D略6. 已知直线与x轴，y轴分别交于A，B两点，若动点P（a，b）在线段AB上，则ab的最大值为A. B. 2 C. 3 D.参考答案：A7. 函数y=xsinx+cosx的导数是（）A．y′=2sinx+xcosx B．y′=xcosxC．y′=xcosx﹣sinx D．y′=sinx+xcosx参考答案：B【考点】导数的运算．【分析】利用求导法则以及求导公式解答即可．【解答】解：y'=（xsinx+cosx）'=（xsinx）'+cosx'=sinx+xcosx﹣sinx=xcosx；所以函数y=xsinx+cosx的导数是xcosx；故选B．8. 已知A=2A，则log n25的值为（）A.1B.2C.4D. 不确定参考答案：B略9. 命题p：?x∈（0，），tanx＞0，则￢p为（）A．?x?（0，），tanx≤0B．?x∈（0，），tanx＜0C．?x0∈（0，），tanx0≤0D．?x0∈（0，），tanx0＜0参考答案：C【考点】2H：全称命题；2J：命题的否定．【分析】直接利用全称命题的否定是特称命题，写出结果即可．【解答】解：因为全称命题的否定是特称命题，所以命题p：?x∈（0，），tanx＞0，则￢p为?x0∈（0，），tanx0≤0．故选C．【点评】本题考查全称命题与特称命题的否定关系的应用，考查基本知识．10. 在△ABC中，三个内角之比为A：B：C＝1：2：3，那么相对应的三边之比a：b：c等于（）A、B、1：2：3 C、D、3：2：1参考答案：A二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 已知，其中、、、为常数，若，则______________．参考答案：1712. 某企业在2017年2月份引入高新技术，预计“用10个月的时间实现产量比2017年1月的产量翻一番”的指标．按照这一目标，甲乙丙三人分别写出在这十个月间平均增长率满足的关系式，依次为甲：；乙：；丙：，其中关系式正确的是.参考答案：丙13. 已知点A,B是双曲线上的两点，O为原点，若,则点O到直线AB的距离为参考答案：略14. 若双曲线（a＞0）的一个焦点恰好与抛物线y2=8x的焦点重合，则双曲线的渐近线方程为．参考答案：y=±x【考点】双曲线的简单性质．【分析】根据题意，由抛物线的标准方程求出其焦点坐标，即可得双曲线的焦点坐标，由双曲线的几何性质可得a2+3=4，解可得a=1，即可得双曲线的标准方程，由双曲线的渐近线方程即可得答案．【解答】解：根据题意，抛物线y2=8x的焦点坐标为（2，0），其双曲线﹣=1（a＞0）的一个焦点也为（2，0），则有a2+3=4，解可得a=1，故双曲线的方程为：x2﹣=1，则双曲线的渐近线方程为：y=±x；故答案为：y=±x．【点评】本题考查双曲线、抛物线的标准方程，注意分析双曲线的焦点坐标．15. 计算：=.参考答案：略16. 右边程序运行后实现的功能为_______________.参考答案：将按从大到小的顺序排列后再输出17. 已知定义在上的奇函数满足，且时，，有下列四个结论：①；②函数在上是增函数；③函数关于直线对称；④若，则关于的方程在上所有根之和为-8，其中正确的是________(写出所有正确命题的序号)参考答案：①④【答案】略三、解答题：本大题共5小题，共72分。
江苏省南菁高级中学2020-2021学年高二上学期12月阶段性考试英语试题含答案
江苏省南菁高级中学2020-2021学年第一学期高二12月份阶段性考试英语试卷考试时间：120分钟满150分本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the man's brother?A. At home.B. In the hospital.C. In the office.2. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Waiter and customer.C. Teacher and student.3. Who is the man?A. The woman's husband.B. The woman's boss.C. The woman's teacher.4. What is the girl going to do next?A. Go to school.B. Have breakfast.C. Pack her school bag.5. What will the woman do at about ten o'clock?A. Have a meeting.B. Call Mr. Johnson again.C. Go to Siemens.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
江苏省南菁高级中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期中模拟考试语文试题（新高考模式）（试卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟）注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
我国古代历史上生活着一类特殊群体，他们不以官职论高低，不以财富论成败，进可拜将封相，退则遨游山野，功成不倨，恃才不傲，平生致力于修身养性，治国安邦，这就是“士”。
士文化是传统文化的升华和瑰宝，其立身之道是中华民族的精神食粮，其结晶则是具有高度凝聚力的民族精神。
古代的“士”是指介于大夫与庶民之间的阶层。
用今天的话来讲，就是处于“官”与农工商“小百姓”之间的“各界人士”，尤指古代的读书人。
士的社会特征就是不当官，不掌权。
一旦当官就叫“步入仕途”或“入仕”。
按这个特征来界定，如今仍然存在着“士”这个阶层。
教授、专家、学者、作家、记者；卫生界、教育界、科技界、文艺界、商界及其他各型的知识分子，凡“学而不仕者”，皆属士的范畴。
传统的士讲风骨，重操守。
尽管他们经济上处于附庸地位，却极自尊，重义轻利。
士尊崇的是“贫贱不能移，富贵不能淫，威武不能屈”的大丈夫；他们向往立功、立德、立言而作不朽之人；他们以国为家，倡导“天下为公”；他们能“杀身成仁，舍生取义”。
“腰无半文，心忧天下”是他们的写照。
指点江山、著书立说、“志在天下”是他们的社会属性。
士的社会特征及属性，决定了他们创造及发展的文化内容，由人及家，由家而国，由“小术”至“大道”，无一不与国家民族有关。
当道者对士的态度大多优礼有加，故“礼贤下士”之古风作为美谈。
这种文化土壤栽培出的中国读书人，历来将读书与国家的命运联系在一起。
关心国事成了中国知识分子特有的优良传统，这是其他各国没有的社会及文化现象。
中国的士人之“气”，由于恪守的原则太多，往往有几分执着的“呆气”。
故士人虽有可敬可爱之处，却往往被视为迂腐的“书呆子”。
尽管如此，士仍有着不可小视的社会能量。
由于他们居于承上启下的社会地位，又无权以谋私，加之有一定的文化积累，故往往能以较客观的眼光来洞察社会。
有时甚至有“一言九鼎”、“一言兴邦”的社会效应。
中国传统文化的内容，并不是单一的儒家文化，而是融会了诸子学说的“士文化”。
士文化的本质，于人讲立身，于国论治道。
这种文化尽管萌生于封建时代，但它并不是封建文化，而是饱含善良文化基因、刚柔并济、博大精深和充满了人性和理性的智慧型民族文化。
孔子的“民不患寡而患不均”，是均贫富、缩小差距的最早立论。
而士文化所憧憬的“大同”社会就是中国古版的“共产主义”。
令西方不理解的是，中国的社会主义为什么不但不崩溃，反而如日中天？中华民族的文化基因可提供历史的答案。
中国的士文化作为一种社会现象与文化景观，在中国的历史进程中发挥了无可替代的巨作用。
否则，中华民族数千年的历史是无法解释的。
中国革命之所以取得成功，法宝之一就是团结党外的仁人志士。
仁人志士的共同标准就是爱国。
尽管大一统的封建社会一开始就对士及士文化有过“焚书坑儒”灭绝性的剿杀，更有长达1300多年制度性地长期禁锢与扼杀，但士人及士文化中以国为家的浩荡之气却与世长存，雄风不衰，并成为中华民族特有的“国魂”。
(节选自《中国的“士”与“士文化”》)1．下列关于原文第一、二段内容的表述，不正确的一项是（3分）( ) A．士作为中国古代历史上的一类特殊群体，他们不以官职论高低，也不以财富作为成败的评价标准，不倨不傲，平生致力于修身养性，治国安邦。
B．第一段概述了“士”这类特殊群体的特点，引出“士文化”这一概念，并对这一概念的内涵特点、意义作用从传统、个人、国家三个角度简述与评价。
C．第二段交代了古代的“士”介于大夫与庶民之间，群类似今天诸如卫生界、教育界、科技界、文艺界、商界及其他各型“学而不仕”的知识分子，范围极广。
D．传统的士虽然不当官，不掌权，经济上也处于附庸地位，但极自尊，讲风骨，重义轻利，重操守，心忧天下，志在天下，把个人与国家联系一起。
2．下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是（3分）( )A．中国的士人讲究由人及家，由家而国，由“小术”至“大道”，故当权者对士的态度往往也是优礼有加，“礼贤下士”之风也会成为历史美谈。
B．中国的士人无权无势，甚至由于恪守的原则太多而被视为迂腐的“书呆子”，但仍有着不可小视的社会能量，甚至能“一言九鼎”、“一言兴邦”。
C．中国的士文化对个人讲究立身，对国家强调济天下、治天下，这种博大精深的文化饱含善良文化基因和充满人性和理性，具有刚柔并济的智慧。
D．中国的士文化作为一种社会现象与文化景观，在中国的历史进程中发挥了无可替代的作用，也是当今中国的社会主义蓬勃发展的重要文化基因。
3．根据原文内容，下列理解和分析不正确的一项是（3分）( ) A．“不吃嗟来之食”“不为五斗米折腰”等品质和“贫贱不能移，富贵不能淫，威武不能屈”“杀身成仁，舍生取义”等都体现了中国传统士人的操守。
B．中国的士人社会地位、社会属性、优良操守及个人学识，使得他们在辅佐当权者的时候，能够以较客观的眼光来洞察社会，并提出较科学合理的建议。
C．中国士文化尽管萌生于封建时代，但并不是封建文化，而是智慧型民族文化。
它以儒家文化为主体，融会了诸子学说，憧憬“大同”，具有爱国色彩。
D．大一统的封建社会的当权者对士人的态度是矛盾的，既利用又警惕，正是因为当权者的长期禁锢与扼杀，士文化的生命力才更加旺盛，并与世长存。
（二）实用类文本阅读（12分）阅读下面的文字，完成4-6题。
材料一：春节临近，烟花爆竹摆上了各地的零售摊点，随之而来的，则是“今年放不放鞭炮”的大讨论。
昨天，首都文明办发出倡议书，号召市民绿色环保、文明出行过大年，留住“北京蓝”。
北京市社情民意调查中心的民意调查显示，受访人群中82.9%表示今年春节期间在北京不打算燃放烟花爆竹，比去年同期上升6.4个百分点。
按照规定，如果在春节期间遇到空气重污染橙色以上预警，北京市将全面禁放烟花爆竹，98.3%的被访者表示会严格遵守。
昨天，法晚记者从新浪微博等多渠道随机截取的1万8千余条网络留言显示，近四成网友不想燃放烟花爆竹是出于保护空气环境考虑，另外，有近一半的网友建议各地组织一次集中燃放，既安全又环保。
（节选自2019年1月19日《法制晚报》）材料二：近年来，随着雾霾天气的长期肆虐，人们对蓝天白云的迫切渴求，呼吁不放烟花爆竹的民间声音已经越来越强烈。
首都文明办顺势而为，发出倡议，语言亲和平易，感情真诚友善，可谓顺应民心之举。
相对于此前河南“禁炮令”的朝令夕改，高明了太多。
穹顶之下，雾霾肆虐，没有人能独善其身，也少有人是彻底的无辜者。
人类存在于城市之中，每个人都在排放碳、每辆车都会排放PM2.5、每个家庭都在使用和消耗能源。
通过行为的克制，为环保尽一份力，应该成为每一位有识之士的自觉行动。
然而，自觉行动是一码事儿，强制限制是另一码事儿，春节期间的“禁炮令”不是不能出台，是确需充分的民意支持、经过充分酝酿讨论，完成行政和法律程序，方可实施。
在此之前，引导工作就非常有价值。
（节选自2017年1月25日《每日新报》）材料三：给鞭炮热降温确有必要。
除了固有的不安全因素外，对环境的污染，特别是对空气质量的影响也同样不容忽略。
最近几年，京津冀及周边地区空气质量普遍偏差，一级二级预警天数显著增多。
而燃放烟花爆竹，往往就会让本来就很差的空气质量雪上加霜，严重影响到人们的身体健康。
目前一些城市已经出台禁放、限放烟花爆竹措施，这确实大有必要。
烟花爆竹寄托着人们对新年的美好祝福。
尽管燃放烟花爆竹具有极大的危害，我们很难一步到位将其彻底禁止。
过年，人人都有权选择自己的过年方式。
但前提是要遵守国家相关的法律法规，遵守相应的操作规程。
不能为了利益去铤而走险，做出违法的举动，这到头来只会是害人害己。
而对绝大多数家庭来说，积极寻求新的、更安全、更环保、不扰民的过年欢乐方式，是时代发展的必然趋势。
所以说，确有必要给当前的“鞭炮热”降降温。
（节选自2019年1月25日“东北新闻网”）材料四：近年来，各地对于春节烟花爆竹的管理从限放到禁放，体现的是政府对环境治理的决心。
而普通民众从对禁止放炮规则的抵制到主动执行，也说明大家环保意识在增强，人人都希望过一个祥和绿色的健康年。
电子鞭炮作为年货“新宠”持续走俏，就是环保宣传、民众自省的最佳佐证。
事实上，“年味儿”并不等于“炮味儿”，传统的中国年有丰富的年俗，少了鞭炮，还有祭灶、除尘、写春联、挂年画、贴窗花、蒸年糕、包饺子、守岁、拜年、舞狮子、耍龙灯、逛花市、赏灯会等，这些方式都会使“年”更有味道。
越来越多的市民开始承担责任，自觉放弃燃放爆竹，为改变公共环境尽一份心力，形成了政府提醒、百姓配合的社会管理新局面。
它的价值将远超春节不放爆竹本身。
（节选自2019年1月25日《法制晚报》）4．下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是：（）（3分）A．材料一介绍了两个方面的内容：一是首都文明办发出绿色环保、文明出行倡议书，二是众多网友参与“今年放不放鞭炮”的讨论。
B.材料二认为春节“禁炮令”并不单是政府的工作，政府的规定要得到民众的认可，要交由民众充分商讨，完成行政和法律程序。
C.材料三分析了给鞭炮热降温的原因：一是烟花爆竹存在安全隐患，二是近几年京津冀等地空气质量差，一级二级预警天数增加。
D.材料四介绍政府对春节烟花爆竹管理变化和民众对禁止放炮规则的态度变化，说明政府对环境治理的决心和百姓的环保意识增强。
5.下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的两项是：（）（）（4分）A.材料一用具体的数字说话，如“上升6.4个百分点”说明认识烟花爆竹危害的人数增加，“98.3%”说明受访者对政府政策的执行力强等。
B．材料一中记者从微博中获取信息说明当前的媒体和注重网络，对网友的观点、态度很重视，同时也侧面表现了目前我国网络的发达。
C．材料二用首都文明办的倡议书顺应民心以及河南朝令夕改的“禁炮令”的对比说明“禁炮令”政策不能随心而为，要注意地域特点。
D．材料三在讨论“禁炮令”时考虑问题全面，注重多方面的分析，比如第二段也从民众有权选择自己的过年方式的角度进行细致分析。
E.材料四是议论文体，分析了“环保宣传、民众自省”在“禁炮令”中的作用，同时从民俗的角度讨论“年味儿”并不等于“炮味儿”的理由等。
6.有的民众对“禁炮令”有抵触情绪的原因有哪些？请根据文本说说你的看法。
（5分）（三）文学类文本阅读（14分）阅读下面的文字，完成7—9题。