高考英语语法专题讲解-名词从句

高考英语语法专题讲解-名词从句
★名词性从句有：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句
★引导名词性从句的连接词有：
连接代词：who, whom, what, which，有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等；
连接副词：when, where, why, how，有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语；
连接词：that, whether, if, as if.
1. that
1.1 that引导名词性从句的省略情况
1.1.1 that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
=It made us surprised that he suddenly fell ill last week
形式主语
1.1.2 that引导宾语从句时一般可省略，但在以下几种情况中不能省略:
1）当that从句和主句有插入词语时不能省略；
e.g. He judged that
2）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时不能省略；
e.g. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
3）当that作介词宾语时不能省略。

e.g. she works harder than the others do.
That从句做in 的宾语
1.2引导名词性从句的that和what的区别
that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用, 且在宾语从句中有时可省略；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。

e.g. That he said so made us angry .
无意义
What he said at the meeting made us angry.
指代说话的内容
China is no longer what it used to be.
指代过去的样子
2. 疑问词 + ever
2.1疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别
疑问词 + ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。

e.g. Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished.
no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。

e.g. No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
2.2 Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别
一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。

e.g. I can’t remember at the moment who has said the words.
I don’t mind whoever made such a speech.
【主语从句专项训练】
1. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why
B. when
C. that
D. where
2. It was a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who
B. whoever
C. whom
D. whomever
3. ____ you have seen both fighters, ____ will win?
A. Since; do you think who
B. As; who you think
C. When; whoever
D. Since; who do you think
4. China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A. what
B. which
C. /
D. it that
5. Then arAose the question ____ we were to get so much money.
A. where
B. that
C. about which
D. in which
6. It is necessary that a college student ______ at least a foreign language.
A. master
B. masters
C. mastered
D. will master
7.______ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （2008山东）
A. It
B. This
C. What
D. As
8. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福
建）
A. It
B. What
C. As
D. Which
9. Students are always interested in finding out ______ they can go with a new teacher. （2008安
徽）
A. how far
B. how soon
C. how often
D. how long
10. ______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (2008浙江)
A. Anyone
B. The one
C. Whoever
D. Who
11. ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. （2007全国II）
A. What
B. Why
C. Where
D. Which
12. Why not try your lu ck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are. (2007浙江)
A. where
B. what
C. when
D. why
13. Having checked the doors were closed, and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the
door to his bedroom. (2007湖南)
A. why
B. that
C. when
D. where
14. Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals.
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. which
15. I just wonder ______ that makes him so excited.
A. why it does
B. what he does
C. how it is
D. what it is
16. Chances are high ______ China and Russia will make an agreement to build an oil pipeline.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
17. I don't doubt ______ he'll come.
A. that
B. how
C. whether
D. what
18. After 15 years, she changed a lot and looked quite different from ______ she used to be.
A. that
B. whom
C. what
D. who
19. ______ really surprised me most was the suggestion that he ______.
A. What; had made
B. That; should make
C. What; should make
D. That; had made
20. You are saying that the fight against cyber crimes like “Yanzhao Men” requires great effort,
and this is ______ I quite agree..
A. how
B. what
C. where
D. why
ANSWER:
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.C
8.A
9.A 10.C
11.A 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.C。