新视野大学英语6课文翻译(一至七单元A篇)

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全新版大学英语综合教程 6课文翻译

全新版大学英语综合教程 6课文翻译

全新版大学英语综合教程 6课文翻译.本大纲将涵盖《全新版大学英语综合教程6》中的课文翻译内容,为读者提供一个整体的概览。

这个部分将逐一介绍《全新版大学英语综合教程 6》的各个课文,并提供它们的翻译内容。

以下是该教程的课文翻译内容:这个部分将逐一介绍《全新版大学英语综合教程 6》的各个课文,并提供它们的翻译内容。

以下是该教程的课文翻译内容:课文1标题 (Text 1 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 1)课文1标题(Text 1 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 1)课文1标题 (Text 1 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 1)课文1标题 (Text 1 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 1) 课文2标题 (Text 2 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 2)课文2标题(Text 2 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 2)课文2标题 (Text 2 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 2)课文2标题 (Text 2 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 2) 课文3标题 (Text 3 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 3)课文3标题(Text 3 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 3)课文3标题 (Text 3 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 3)课文3标题 (Text 3 Title)翻译内容 (n of Text 3) 研究目标研究目标研究目标研究目标本课程的研究目标旨在帮助读者了解他们将在研究过程中获得的收益和知识。

通过研究本课程,读者将能够:本课程的研究目标旨在帮助读者了解他们将在研究过程中获得的收益和知识。

通过研究本课程,读者将能够:提升英语综合能力,包括听、说、读、写和翻译。

培养跨文化交际的能力,拓宽国际视野。

掌握批判性思维和问题解决的能力,拓展认知能力。

研究和运用相关词汇、语法、句型和语用表达,提升语言运用能力。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程U1-8课文翻译

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程U1-8课文翻译

读写教程01课文翻译Unit01TestA奔向更加光明的未来1 下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。

你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。

在这所大学里,我们承诺将使你们学有所成。

2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。

妈妈吩咐我们:“姿势自然点。

”“等一等,”爸爸说,“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。

”在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。

至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。

3 让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。

你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。

你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣!但是要记住:未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。

4 对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。

在这里,你们拥有丰富的资源:有来自全国各地的有趣的学生,有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师,有综合性图书馆,有完备的运动设施,还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。

你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。

你们要学着习惯点灯熬油,学着结交充满魅力的人,学着去追求新的爱好。

我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历,并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。

5 有这么多课程可供选择,你可能会不知所措。

你不可能选修所有的课程,但是要尽可能体验更多的课程!大学里有很多事情可做可学,每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。

如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。

选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。

这样,你不仅会变得更加博学,而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。

一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇,她最初学的是艺术史。

随着时间的推移,王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来,并将其转化为对设计的热情,从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。

全新版大学英语综合教程6课文翻译

全新版大学英语综合教程6课文翻译

全新版大学英语综合教程6课文翻译Unit 1: Globalization and CultureText 1: Globalization Versus AuthenticityIn today's globalized world, there is a constant clash between globalization and the preservation of authenticity. Globalization brings about changes in culture, language, and societies, blurring the boundaries between nations. This has both positive and negative impacts.On one hand, globalization allows for the exchange of ideas, cultures, and experiences, leading to a more interconnected and diverse world. People have the opportunity to learn about different customs and traditions, fostering cultural understanding. It also promotes economic growth and development by facilitating international trade and investments.On the other hand, globalization may lead to the loss of cultural distinctiveness and authenticity. As cultures mix and integrate, traditional practices and languages may fade away, replaced by dominant global trends. This can result in the homogenization of cultures, where local traditions lose their unique identity.In recent years, there has been a growing movement towards preserving authenticity in the face of globalization. People are increasingly valuing their heritage and seeking ways to maintain their cultural identity. This includes promoting local art, cuisine, and traditions, as well as protecting indigenous languages and historical sites.While globalization can bring many benefits, it is important to strike a balance and ensure the preservation of authenticity. Embracing diversity and understanding different cultures while also valuing one's own heritage can create a more harmonious and culturally rich world.。

新视野大学英语第六册课后习题答案1-7单元Section A汉译英,英译汉(Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ)

新视野大学英语第六册课后习题答案1-7单元Section A汉译英,英译汉(Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ)

新视野大学英语第六册课后习题答案1-7单元Section A汉译英,英译汉(Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ)Unit 11 The whole of life, so to speak, is involved in the pursuit of the good life.2 It is hard to conceive of living without electricity and other modern conveniences.3 He dedicated his life to trying to find an appropriate architecture for his country which was realistic and integral to that society.4 He also highlighted the well-known dangers of people becoming addicted to computers.5 But after the race riots it was seen as something which the state would have both to cater for and take control of.6 He appeared to be very perplexed, and more than a little shocked, by what he saw in the window.7 For a moment or two Peter contemplated his newly elevated status.8 One of the advantages of big cities over the countryside is that big cities have lots of cinemas and many other diversions.9 In my wildest imagination, I could not have foreseen such a wonderful life lay before me.10 In terms of academic achievement, I was never a failure, and will definitely make it in the future.二While he shared his generation’s horror of war and was once called the “spiritual father” of appeasement,Keynes never,in fact,entertained the delusion that Hitler could be pacified.He hated the Nazi regime,never visited Germany after 1933.Instead,as Brit ain’s chief negotiator in contact with the Allies against Hitler.he pursued vigorously the common interest between London and Washington.Unit21 When we finished reading the article, the teacher assigned us the task of writing a short/concise essay.2 After raining for a whole day, a few faint gleams of sunshine lit up the gloomy afternoon.3 I wrote this article to pay tribute to my most respectable teacher, who set me on the path of writing.4 The teacher said loudly that it was a gripping narrative about the war, and that all of us should enjoy reading it5 When we put forward the suggestion he was enthusiastic for its immediate application.6 He said that he was fascinated by the changing colors of the setting sun, so he always spent some time watching it.7 Government power influences every facet of our lives, "from the cradle to the grave".8 Illegal immigrants are usually smuggled into a country by ship9 Advertisements on the side of the road sometimes distract drivers' attention, causing traffic accidents.10 I managed to finance four years of university tuition with scholarships and part-time jobs.二Some people wrongly believe that the United States is a land of opportunity,and that every enjoy equal opportunites.With various dreams in mind,many well-trained professionals steadily mlgrate to the United States in search of a good life.Some of them are even willing to live any life there.They would rather live in poverty there than enjoy a relative prosperity at home.Therefore,lawyers and doctors from Central America may be found washing cars or waiting on tables in Miami.Unit31 The move was characterized as a major breakthrough for energy and industrial cooperation between the two countries.2 His career went into a rapid descent after the scandal.3 Though the lawyer tried to defend her, the evidence pointed to her guilt.4 This "Imperial City" remained virtually intact until the great remodeling which began in the 1950s.5 The statement was at odds with the one made last week.6 The trade agreement between the two countries expires next year.7 According to the archaeologists, the building dates to 250 B.C.8 The two countries finally started negotiating in earnest about issues of common concern.9 The ambassador is an outspoken supporter of military assistance to the groups working to overthrow the current government.10 They got on to the airfield that night and started to place their bombs. But, as the aircraft were widely dispersed, it took them a lot of time.二Just as the 21st century requires a more diffused and safer balance of interest in what needs to be an increasingly multilateral global village,there is a risk of economic,institutional and political power being centralized in the Euroean Community,and that a new bout of economic empire building may occur.Unit41.When the boy noticed a stranger appear on the road to the village, he immediately turned back anddarted into the village.2.When a tree is being attacked by an insect, it will release a chemical into the air to warn the other treesaround it.3.The hunter spotted paw marks of a rarely seen animal in the snow.4. A breeze came down from the slope with the fresh scents of the green grass and wildflowers.5.People living in the mountainous areas always fashion a rough wooden hut for the night.6.We must in no case do anything that goes against the interest of the people.7.After hearing about the hero's moving deeds, the audience broke into bursts of warm applause.8.Hegemonism and power politics menace the world peace.9.The dog sniffed at the dead body and trotted off, following the scent.10.Suddenly a hand touched her shoulder, and she let out a scream of terror.The path led straight through a wide stream.She could no longer risk disorientation by circling such obstacles.She took off her clothes and,with her belongings in a nylon bag held above her head.she stepped into the chilling,neck-deep water.Minutes later she emerged.shaking uncontrollably.But after warming herself by a small fire and re-dressing.she set offwith increased confidence.The limits of her physical capacity were expanding.Unit51 The desired goal of this laboratory is to discover the hidden virus causing the disease and develop some medicines to cure SARS.2 It seems to the scientists that the significance of the clear water-like liquid lies not in its information about the human body, but in its potential capability of producing drugs.3 Using their observations made over a long period, the research workers found it hard to correlate the two sets of figures.4 For the convenience of English teaching, the teachers have used their spare time to compile an English-Chinese dictionary for high school students5 The genetic blueprint worked out by the Chinese researchers and their counterparts all over the world is nothing less thana biological and medical revolution.6 Despite all the great efforts made by scientists throughout the world, we are still far away from designing a perfect human baby in a scientific sense.7 In many cases our knowledge of flaws in DNA may lead to treatments that delay the onset of the disease or soften its effects on our health.8 It has been suggested that this disease occurs when individuals susceptible to climate do not get enough natural light during the winter months.9 The claim to have found genes for high IQ has been refuted down to the last point by many scientists, particularly by many geneticists.10 According to some geneticists, certain genes are more likely to lead people to commit crimes.二Scientists have recently discovered a chemical change occurring in mice,which might help in developing new drugs to control obesity someday. Scientists have identified a receptor in mouse cells that controls how fat is used in the body.When a mouse lives an casy life and puts on weight,the receptor functions accordingly.If a similar regulator exists in human beings,or drugs functioning in this way were to be used for regulating,it would be a promising way to tackle the world’sgrowing obesity epidemic.Unit61. She had an abundance of tales from the old colonial days,when she had been a cook for a white family.2. Mothers and fathers are role models,exerting a strong ,yet subtle influence over their children.3. It began as fashion,signified by the growth of long hair for men,and ended up as something political.4. The origins of many countries become gradually obscure in the mists of time.5. The e-mail be sent in reply yesterday was at best evasive,at worst downright misleading.6. It just so happened that I was on the scene when the World Trade Center was attacked on the morning of September 11,and the horrible sight would be embedded in my momory forever.7. The American Great Canyon is known as one of the sever natural wonders of the world and its scenic grandeur almost defies description.8. Even though he was issued an explicit warming he still insisted on having his own way,which eventually led to this disaster.9. Since its publication this book has been under siege from all walks of life for the vulgarity of its content.10. Alice feels that motherhood means overturning all the marital, housing,professional and personal was expected to make in her 20s.二No other itcm from our consumer culture has been infused wifh so much history and meaning as blue jeans.A simple pair of pants has linked nineteenth-century gold miners to nonconformist youths of the 1950s and to high fashion models of today.“Jeans:From Low Beginnings to High Fashion”,having more connotations than suggested by the title,examines the development of this all-American symbol and its rich connections to matters of mass,gender,self-imafe,and socialrebellion.Unit71. Many English teachers testify enthusiastically to the importance they attach to improvisation and role-play in exploring texts in the middle school.2. The first major attempt to use computer animation in a feature film became,to a large extent,the movelty of the medium itself.3. The moment I felt myself slipping back into that sad,old routine,I jerked myself back to the reality of the moment.4. Close to the mill was the Steven Eegineering Works,at which the boilers and apparatus for making paper from wood were manufactured.5. In each building,one end was panitioned off for single girls,the other end for single men,and the middle section was for families.6. Accotding to the forecast of the department concerned in 1990,the demand for chemical femilizer will be around 500 million tons in the aggregate by the year 2011compared to just below 300million in 1990.7. For many years these traditions operated independently of each other,but recently they have converged to give the fielda much more integrated look.8. A well-known local lawyer has been appointed to mediate between the employers and the union leaders,since they cannot reach agreement in direct talks.9. Experiments with a model confirm that the meanimg of many famous paintings can be negated by inverting the picture.10. The Olympic Games is a world-wide sports meet,its success involves the joined efforts and cooperation of the people from all walks of life in the host country.二People in most countries depend on communications technology more than every before.One day in May,an accident forced millions of Americans to be silent.They had to live and work without the technology they depend on every day.A telecommunications satellite experienced computer failure.The satellite,known as Galaxy Four,moved form its correct orbit and was unable to receive signals form Earth.A backup computer failed to turn on and the satellite began to spin out ofcontrol.。

新视野大学英语6课文翻译(一至七单元A篇)

新视野大学英语6课文翻译(一至七单元A篇)

大学英语第六册UNIT1 A 追求幸福美国宪法赋予美国人民追求幸福的权利,但是似乎谁也说不清幸福跑到哪里去了。

这就好比我们获得了打猎许可却无猎物可打一样。

乔纳森·斯威夫特认为幸福是"一种大上其当而浑然不觉的状态",或者是充当"一名白痴中的傻瓜"的感觉,因为斯威夫特把社会看作是一片布满虚假目标的土地。

虚假目标的提法当然不是美国式思维。

然而,我们似乎执迷于花钱买幸福的理念。

当我们拥有足够的财力时,我们就会获得极大的成功。

与此同时,美国商业势力却大肆渲染,人为地使我们感到不幸福。

广告业是我们的主要产业之一,它的存在不是为了满足欲望,而是为了制造欲望,其速度之快为任何人的预算所不及。

这样一来,我们整个的经济就建立在使我们沉溺于贪婪的基础上。

甚至有人告诉我们通过购物来支持国家经济是我们的爱国义务。

随便翻开一本迎合妇女口味的杂志,不难发现,开头的几页广告都是艺术和口号,到了结尾的几页就都变成了药丸和疗法。

开头几页的艺术包装所展示的是对至尊美丽的渴望。

她拥有的是婴儿般的细腻皮肤。

她呼出来的是芬芳的气息。

无论她40岁、50岁、60岁,还是任何时候,她永远都拥有16岁的身段。

这就是母亲为了展示她的优美体形所使用的束带。

这是可使人肌肤恢复细嫩的护肤霜,这些是减去大腿脂肪的药片,这些是青春永驻的药丸。

很明显,任何有理智的人都不会完全被此类广告艺术、药丸或器械所打动。

不过确实有人想要花钱买这个梦,不惜为此每年花销数十亿美元。

显然,幸福市场不乏顾客,但是他们想要购买的又是什么呢?给"幸福"下定义是一个令人困惑的问题:最好的办法是先设定两个极端,然后寻求中庸。

认为幸福就是高人一等,住的是大理石豪宅,衣柜里有上百套衣服,这可成为贪婪的极端。

认为幸福就是印度圣人似的快乐,这将成为精神生活的极端。

圣人打坐,冥想着现实的本质,超脱于肉身的拖累。

如果有崇敬者给他端上食物,他就吃;如果没人给,他就饿着。

新视野大学英语6 课文英汉对照翻译

新视野大学英语6 课文英汉对照翻译

The Pursuit of Happiness 追求幸福The right to pursue happiness is promised to Americans by the US Constitution, but no one seems quite sure which way happiness runs. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. Jonathan Swift conceived of happiness as "the state of being well-deceived", or of being "a fool among idiots ", for Swift saw society as a land of false goals.美国宪法赋予美国人民追求幸福的权利,但是似乎谁也说不清幸福跑到哪里去了。

这就好比我们获得了打猎许可却无猎物可打一样。

乔纳森·斯威夫特认为幸福是"一种大上其当而浑然不觉的状态",或者是充当"一名白痴中的傻瓜"的感觉,因为斯威夫特把社会看作是一片布满虚假目标的土地。

It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of false goals. We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have made it to Heaven when we possess enough.虚假目标的提法当然不是美国式思维。

然而,我们似乎执迷于花钱买幸福的理念。

当我们拥有足够的财力时,我们就会获得极大的成功。

新视野大学英语第二册Unit6课文翻译

新视野大学英语第二册Unit6课文翻译

新视野⼤学英语第⼆册Unit6课⽂翻译新视野⼤学英语第⼆册Unit 6课⽂翻译 不要⽤社会固有的印象来评价别⼈,⼤概就是新视野⼤学英语第⼆册第六单元的主题了。

下⾯是⼩编整理的新视野⼤学英语第⼆册Unit 6课⽂翻译,欢迎⼤家阅读! 新视野⼤学英语第⼆册Unit 6课⽂翻译【篇1】 在她⼈⽣最初的24年⾥,⼈们⼀直叫她戴⽐──⼀个和她的漂亮容貌和优雅举⽌不相配的名字。

“我的名字总是使我觉得⾃⼰应该是⼀个厨⼦,”她抱怨道, “我真的不想要戴⽐这个名字。

” ⼀天,在填写⼀份出版⼯作职位的申请表时,这位⼩姐⼀时冲动,⽤她的中名林恩替换了她的名字戴⽐。

“这是我⼀⽣中⼲得最漂亮的⼀件事,”现在她对⼈这样说, “⼀旦我不再称⾃⼰为戴⽐,我就感到好多了…… ⽽且其他⼈也开始更认真地对待我了。

” 顺利地通过那次⼯作⾯试两年后,这位昔⽇的⼥服务员现在成了⼀位成功的杂志编辑。

朋友和同事们都叫她林恩。

当然,戴⽐(或林恩)的职业成就并不是改名带来的,但是这肯定给她带来了好处,虽说改名仅使她对⾃⼰的才能增加了⼀点点⾃信。

社会科学家认为你叫什么名字会影响你的⽣活。

从古⾄今,名字不仅被⽤来识别⼈,⽽且也被⽤来描述⼈。

《圣经》上说:⼈如其名。

此外,《韦伯斯特⼤词典》也对名字作了如下的定义:表达某种特点的⼀个或⼏个字,这种特点被认为反映了某⼈或某事的本质,或描述了某⼈某事,常表⽰嘉许或不赞成的意思。

请好好注意这⼏个词:“嘉许或不赞成”。

不管是好是坏,诸如友好或拘谨、相貌平平或漂亮妩媚等特征已经在你的名字中有所暗⽰,甚⾄他⼈在见到你本⼈之前就已经知道你的这些特征了。

名字是与特定形象相关联的,任何⼀个被称为“相貌平常的简”或“普普通通的乔”的⼈都能证明这⼀点。

后⾯的那个名字特别使我烦恼,因为我也叫乔。

有些⼈认为这个名字使我更适合于做⼀名棒球运动员⽽不是别的什么职业,⽐如说艺术评论家。

然⽽,尽管有此局限,我确实曾⼀度设法成为了⼀名艺术评论家。

新视野大学英语第六册汉译英英译汉答案

新视野大学英语第六册汉译英英译汉答案

Unit 1Translate the following short passage into English.虽然对于战争的恐怖,他和他的同代人颇有同感,而且一度被称为绥靖主义的“精神之父”,然而事实上凯恩斯(Keynes)从来不抱绥靖希特勒的错觉。

他恨纳粹政权,1933年后从来没有访问过德国。

相反,为了反对希特勒,作为英国与盟国的首席谈判代表,他积极寻求伦敦和华盛顿的共同利益。

While he shared his generation's horror of war and was once called the "spiritual father" of appeasement, Keynes never, in fact, entertained the delusion that Hitler could be pacified. He hated the Nazi regime, never visited Germany after 1933. Instead, as Britain's chief negotiator in contact with the Allies against Hitler, he pursued vigorously the common interest between London and Washington.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. The right to pursue happiness is promised to Americans by the US Constitution, but no one seems quite surewhich way happiness runs.美国宪法赋予美国人民追求幸福的权利,但是似乎谁也说不清幸福跑到哪里去了。

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大学英语第六册UNIT1 A 追求幸福美国宪法赋予美国人民追求幸福的权利,但是似乎谁也说不清幸福跑到哪里去了。

这就好比我们获得了打猎许可却无猎物可打一样。

乔纳森·斯威夫特认为幸福是"一种大上其当而浑然不觉的状态",或者是充当"一名白痴中的傻瓜"的感觉,因为斯威夫特把社会看作是一片布满虚假目标的土地。

虚假目标的提法当然不是美国式思维。

然而,我们似乎执迷于花钱买幸福的理念。

当我们拥有足够的财力时,我们就会获得极大的成功。

与此同时,美国商业势力却大肆渲染,人为地使我们感到不幸福。

广告业是我们的主要产业之一,它的存在不是为了满足欲望,而是为了制造欲望,其速度之快为任何人的预算所不及。

这样一来,我们整个的经济就建立在使我们沉溺于贪婪的基础上。

甚至有人告诉我们通过购物来支持国家经济是我们的爱国义务。

随便翻开一本迎合妇女口味的杂志,不难发现,开头的几页广告都是艺术和口号,到了结尾的几页就都变成了药丸和疗法。

开头几页的艺术包装所展示的是对至尊美丽的渴望。

她拥有的是婴儿般的细腻皮肤。

她呼出来的是芬芳的气息。

无论她40岁、50岁、60岁,还是任何时候,她永远都拥有16岁的身段。

这就是母亲为了展示她的优美体形所使用的束带。

这是可使人肌肤恢复细嫩的护肤霜,这些是减去大腿脂肪的药片,这些是青春永驻的药丸。

很明显,任何有理智的人都不会完全被此类广告艺术、药丸或器械所打动。

不过确实有人想要花钱买这个梦,不惜为此每年花销数十亿美元。

显然,幸福市场不乏顾客,但是他们想要购买的又是什么呢?给"幸福"下定义是一个令人困惑的问题:最好的办法是先设定两个极端,然后寻求中庸。

认为幸福就是高人一等,住的是大理石豪宅,衣柜里有上百套衣服,这可成为贪婪的极端。

认为幸福就是印度圣人似的快乐,这将成为精神生活的极端。

圣人打坐,冥想着现实的本质,超脱于肉身的拖累。

如果有崇敬者给他端上食物,他就吃;如果没人给,他就饿着。

何苦为此事烦恼?一切物质的东西对他都微不足道。

冥想就是他的快乐。

他凭借常人难以想像的自律达到高度的精神集中,对他来说,能够达到如此境界,这本身就是快乐。

他是一个幸福的人吗?也许他的幸福不过是又一种幻觉罢了。

但是,谁能剥夺他的幻觉呢?谁又敢说这种幸福比靠分期付款购买的幸福更虚假呢?尽管圣人的幸福观在东方享有很高的声誉,但我却怀疑是否真有这样静态的幸福。

可以肯定的是,他的幸福方式几乎对于任何具有西方性格的人来说都是一种折磨。

但这些极端认识仍将有助于说明幸福的概念,我们每个人都能从中找到某种平衡。

梭罗自己的坚定平衡信念是:小事省一省,大事有保证。

为了占有而占有,或是为了与邻里攀比而占有,可能就是梭罗认为的小事。

自觉提高自己对自然界中永恒价值的认识能力,应该属于梭罗认识中的大事。

从小事上省下来的时间可以花在大事上。

梭罗当然不会让自己挨饿,但是他的进食仅仅是为了保持其体能,以便有精力做大事。

努力是幸福的精髓:只有接受了挑战,我们才会有幸福感。

除非不可能,我们一生的满足均取决于我们把困难定位到怎样的高度。

广告版幸福的致命缺陷在于它声称幸福不需要做出任何努力。

即使是在娱乐中,我们也希望有点难度。

我们想要难度,因为没有难度就没有了游戏乐趣;游戏要靠制造难度来生成乐趣。

游戏的规则是人为地增加难度。

如果可以自行改变棋赛规则,赢一盘棋将会容易得多。

然而,下棋赢棋的乐趣是在规则下赢棋。

如果我们自己就能够造钱,那么即使造出一座金山也了然无趣。

没有难度,就没有乐趣。

广告中推销的东西似乎常常因缺少难度而缺少乐趣。

我想,印度圣人在我们看来似乎也提不起兴趣,因为他好像拒绝任何游戏。

西方幸福观的弱点可能在于他们幻想幸福是可以买来的。

而东方幸福观的弱点或许在于他们相信存在完美的幸福。

幸福从来就是不圆满的。

不管我们对幸福还有什么别的解释,它都既不是拥有,也不是存在,而是过程。

美国宪法的制订者为我们公布的天赋人权,不是幸福权,而是对幸福的追求权。

如果当年的爱国者能够预见后来的幸福市场,他们或许会强调这样一个基本事实:幸福在于追求本身,在于参与和改变人生,也就是说,在于相信"过程"这一理念。

评估一个国家的标准,不是看它已经拥有什么,或者想要拥有什么,而是看它想要成为什么。

UNIT2 A 我的老师,我的救星1949年3月的一个阴沉的日子,我,一个小男孩,兜里揣着新领的美国签证走下了船。

我刚刚失去了母亲,这次移民来美国,准备同素未谋面的父亲一道生活。

在码头上,看着这个拥抱我和我的姐妹们的秃顶胖男人,我满怀疑惑。

不过,他的皮鞋黑色,穿着灰色大衣,戴着崭新的帽子,是典型的美国人形象。

由于没有专为不会讲英语的孩子开设的课程,我在低智商孩子班读了几年小学后,升入了初中。

第一周的课上,老师通知我们要为周五的"俱乐部活动时间"选择一个自己喜欢的活动项目。

我决定随班里最漂亮的女孩去,她带着我进了一道门,门上标着"报刊俱乐部"。

在那里,我们见到了言辞尖刻、一本正经的英语教师玛丽莲·伯德。

"我们准备出一份报纸,"她用尺子敲着桌子,高声地说,"所以,如果你们不想出力的话,我建议你们现在就到大厅那边去参加戏剧俱乐部的排练,因为在这里你们要玩命地干!"我很快就被这个令人望而生畏、口若悬河的女士所折服。

她反复训练我们掌握语法,并使我爱上了文学。

她能够读一篇故事或一首诗,然后像打开折扇一样,将它的各个侧面、色彩和含义全部展示出来,这一点强烈地吸引了我。

我过去一直认为小说写的只不过是不平凡的生活经历,而她却使我知道小说还可以表达情感:如痛苦、挫折、愤怒和失落。

她使我知道我的祖国是西方文明的发源地。

我开始对自己的出身感到骄傲。

一天,她布置了一份作业,让我们根据自己的亲身经历写一篇短文。

她用严厉的目光盯着我,接着说:"尼克,我要你写你们一家在你家乡的经历。

"这可是我最不愿写的东西,所以我把作业拖到了最后时刻。

后来,一个周末温暖的下午,我坐在自己的房间里,备好稿纸和铅笔,两眼呆呆地望着窗外。

鸟儿的欢唱声、昆虫的唧唧声,以及新剪草地的芳香使我无法集中注意力。

最后,我写下了第一句:"对很多人来说,春天的来临意味着冬季的结束,第一批候鸟的出现,以及对爱的思念。

而春天对我来说却有着完全不同的意义,因为我最后一次拥抱母亲就是在这个季节。

"我不停地写着,讲述当地游击队如何占领我们村庄,强占我们的房屋,夺走我们的食物。

写母亲在听说所有的孩子都要被送到外国的学校而前途未卜之后,如何安排让我们逃走,而她自己却被游击队强迫到远处的村庄挖水渠而不能与我们同行。

我描述了在一天夜里我们是怎样被偷偷地送下山,进入到政府军的地界,然后一位中士把我们送进难民营。

正是在难民营里,我们听说了母亲遭受的折磨和被处决的消息。

我写道,我依然能够听到姐妹们的哭声,那时,有人告诉我们,母亲因为让孩子们逃走而被认为是对游击队的不忠,所以被带到一个地窖枪杀了。

但我也写道,开始了新的生活,我感到很幸运,这也是母亲为我们编织的梦。

在故事的结尾,我这样写道:不过,春天的来临总让我想起1948年那个大地返青、阳光灿烂的日子,那天,我最后一次见到母亲。

我交上了自己的作文,希望这件事到此为止,但伯德小姐却将它发表在了校刊上。

我非常惶恐,直到看见同学们同情和理解的反应心里才塌实了下来。

后来伯德小姐没让我知道,又报名让此文参加全国作文竞赛,并获得了一枚奖章。

我第一次开始理解文字的力量。

与此同时,我开始按着伯德小姐为我铺设的文学道路前行。

我设法用奖学金和在报社兼职赚的钱筹措了大学4年的学费。

我的一篇关于一个在菲律宾捐躯的朋友(他是和平队第一批志愿者中的牺牲者)的文章获得了国家奖,这个奖是总统在白宫为我颁发的。

当地报纸刊登了我与总统握手的照片,我父亲把它剪下塑封起来,放在自己胸前的口袋里。

20年后父亲去世的那天,我在他的口袋里发现了这张照片。

伯德小姐教了41年书。

她的学生大多来自不幸的家庭,但她总会交替使用逼迫和诱导的方法对待每个学生,直到他们的潜能绽放出火花。

1981年,她退休了,时年62岁。

玛丽莲·伯德至今仍是我们每次家庭聚会上的一位尊贵而热情的客人。

去年夏天我50岁生日野餐聚会,我和姐妹们都感到痛苦和空虚,因为我父亲不在了,不能再像他92年生命中每次喜庆场合那样领舞了。

但伯德小姐来了,她一边品啜着葡萄酒,一边平静而满意地看着这一切。

她的到来是对我们的一种安慰。

生活充满了机遇,即使我未曾走进伯德小姐的教室,我也会享有大量的机会。

但是她指导我把悲伤和痛苦写出来。

她是我的救星,是她把我引上了写作道路,随之而来的所有好事也是她间接地带给我的。

几年前,我接到她的电话,要我在她的葬礼上讲话。

伯德小姐,我希望您还是接受我以此文向您表达的敬意吧。

UNIT3 A 亚马孙河流域的文明——一段被忘却已久的历史重见光明亚马孙热带雨林是地球上现存最有意义、大部分保存完好的生态系统之一。

它基本上是无人涉足的自然环境。

在这里,人类的存在退居第二位。

然而,大片大片的热带雨林有人类居住并被人类的双手塑造已经有成千上万年了。

亚马孙河流域拥有地球上最大的河系,能为极其复杂的生态系统提供庇护。

文艺复兴时期来自欧洲的早期旅行家们一见到它就被慑服了。

1531年,弗朗西斯科·皮萨罗推翻了印加帝国,把国王从宝座上赶下了台,为西班牙夺取了印加帝国的财宝。

10年后,他的弟弟从安第斯山脉高原冒险向东挺进, 探寻被认为隐藏在丛林之中的几个著名的盛产黄金和香料的城市。

探险队沿着河流行进,不久就耗尽了给养, 于是他们派一小队人向前突进,去寻找食物。

8个月后,这支小分队出现在亚马孙河口,完成了探险——后来证明他们首次顺流而下走完了全程。

跟随该小分队的一名传教士对他们的探险经历做了十分精彩的记述,并把它寄给了罗马教皇, 其中提到了当地的大信号鼓。

这种信号鼓发出的鼓声早在他们到达之前就从一个村落传向另一村落,通知大家欧洲陌生人的到来。

他的手稿记载了他们在亚马孙河沿岸看到的无数的大小村落。

有一天,他们连续经过了20多个村庄,据说一些村庄延伸长达6英里或更长。

从那以后,这类报导便激起了科学家们的兴趣,因为报导所描绘的稠密人口和庞大的部落联盟如果得到证实,将会完全不同于现代有关部落的既定认识:隐秘的、稀疏零星的部落,居无定所。

从17世纪晚期开始,首批探险家的后继者们开始记载并收集了许多木制的和其他有机材料制成的日常物品。

这些物品在热带气候条件下,一般是会腐烂的。

这些收藏在欧洲博物馆中的物品保留了一个认识亚马孙文化的"窗口"。

然而,那些文化不久就经历了外来疾病和欧洲野蛮蹂躏带来的巨大变化。

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