第1题、填空
填空题-国网题库第一部分
第一部分1．在电力系统中，采用快速保护，自动重合闸装置，自动按频率减负荷装置等都是保证( )的重要措施。
2．继电保护有选择地切除故障，是为了( )。
3．频率为50Hz 的二个正弦交流电源，相位差是π/2弧度，其时间差为( )ms。
4．当流过某负载的电流i=sin(34t+12π ) A 时，其端电压为u=31sinI 34(34t-12π ) V，那么这个负载一定是( )负载。
5．已知在某线圈上施加直流电压100V 时，消耗的功率为500W；若施加交流电压150V 时，消耗的有功功率为720W。
则该线圈的电阻为( )Ω，电抗为( )Ω。
6．当线圈中电流增加时，自感电动势的方向与电流的方向( )；线圈中电流减少时，自感电动势的方向与电流方向( )。
总之，自感电动势的方向总是( )线圈中电流的变化。
7．在不对称三相四线制正弦交流电路中，中线是( )电流的( )分量的通路。
在三相三线制电路中，如果线电压不对称，是由于有了( )分量的缘故。
8．一个10V 的恒压源的两端接一个5Ω的电阻，输出电压为( )V，电阻消耗的功率为( )W。
9．由煤炭转化为电的过程中，应用三种动力装置：( )、( )、( )，能量的转换过程是由热能转化为机械能，最后由机械能转化为电能。
10．X0／x1( )，且（）≤1 的系统属于大接地电流系统；凡是X0／x1( )；且（） >1 的系统属于小接地电流系统。
11．我国电力系统中性点接地方式有：中性点直接接地方式、( )、中性点不接地方式三种。
12．( )是指电力系统受到小干扰后，不发生非周期性的失步，自动恢复到原始运行状态的能力。
13．所谓电力系统的静稳特性，是指电力系统在( )之后，自动恢复到原始运行状态的能力。
它与系统发生永久性故障时，继电保护装置切除故障的快慢( )关系。
14．我国110kV 及以上电压等级系统，其中性点接地方式采用( )。
15．在35kV 小接地电流系统中，可采用经消弧线圈接地方式，在发生单相接地故障时用消弧线圈的感性电流来补偿系统的容性电流，补偿方式有( )、( )和( )三种方式，一般应采用( )方式。
新编英美概况许鲁之(第四版)unit1-12课后习题选择填空
Chapter1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources1.In area, the United States is the 4th largest country in the world.2.The Midwest in the US refers to the region around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley.3.The Backbone of North America refers to the Rocky Mountains4.Death Valley is on the western edge of the Great Basin.5.The Great Plains might have a dust storm in summer.6.The western part of Washington State has the highest rainfall in the US.7.The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries except Japan8.The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in Utah.1. The United States is bordered on the north by Canada, on the south by Mexico and the Guff of Mexico, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.2. The large territory of the continental US is divided into three basic areas:A. the Atlantic seacoast west to the AppalachiansB. the Mississippi River BasinC. the Rockies west to the Pacific3. The Middle Atlantic States are the most densely populated region in the US, where the land is flat and fertile.4. The Central Valley of California is a highly productive area, which produced enormous amounts of fruits and vegetables.5. Most production of oil and natural gas in the US comes from offshore areas of Louisiana and Texas, and from onshore areas of Texas, Oklahoma and California. Her big consumption of energy now has made America insufficient in oil supply. The US reliance of foreign oil has reminded consistently in the 40% ranges.6. The United States has little trouble caused by the shortage of fresh water. Farmlands in the US making up about 12% of the arable lands in the world, and they are among the richest and most productive.Chapter 2 American Population1.The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of British ancestry.2.About 700,000 immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the 1980s.3.The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US until 1954.4.American Indians now mainly live in the South.5.The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries except Spain.6.The West now leads in percentage increase in population.7.According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in the US is Taxes.8.The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all regions except the South.1.The United States is the third most populous nation in the world.2.Prior to 1875 anyone from any country could enter the US freely and take up permanent residence there. Later the US Congress passed laws restricting immigration on the basis of morality, race, and national origin. The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act reaffirmed national origin as the chief criterion for eligibility and established a preferential system for skilled workers and for relatives of the US citizens. For many years the US restricted to total number of immigrants to 270,000 each year, although the real immigrants numbered much greater than the limit. The 1990 Immigration Act limits the total number of immigrants to 700,000 from 1992 to 1995 and 675,000 thereafter.3.The first blacks arrived in Jamestown in 1619 as indentured servants, but soon[ after 1619 they were brought to colonies as slaves. The blacks were formally freed in1863, but continued to suffer the institutionalized segregation for about a century. Today many blacks still live in the South, some have entered the middle class, but one-third of all black families still live below the poverty line.4.The Chinese-Americans have proved to be industrious and intelligent. They are now viewed as a “model minority” in the US. According to the 2010 US census, there were about 3.8 million Chinese-Americans living in the US. The figure was more than twice what it was in 1990.Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World1. The ancestors of the present American Indians came from Asia.2.“The ambition for the vast lands”is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15th century.3. On his voyage of 1492, Columbus expected to reach India.4. Vasco da Gama discovered the route to India.5. John Cabot was sent by the English King to explore the new way to the east.6. New York was not founded first by the English.7. The breadbasket colonies include the following ones except Virginia. (New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland)8. The last one of the 13 colonies was Georgia, which was established in 1733.1. In 1488 Bartholomew Diaz, sailing under the Portuguese flag, went to the Cape of Good Hope at the southern Africa. In 1492 Christopher Columbus, financed by rulers of Spain sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean and discovered the islands of the Caribbean. He was convinced that he had found the continent of Asia.2. The South Africa was discovered by Amerigo Vespucci who showed the land he arrived in was a new continent. Before long the land was named America after his name.3. Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement, was founded in 1607. In 1620, Pilgrims and others arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts. They drew up “Mayflower Compact”4. By 1775, the 13 colonies in North America could be classified as the following three kinds. Specify how the governors were chosen in each.a. Royal: appointed by the English Kingb. Proprietary: chosen by proprietorsc. Self-governing: elected by residents5. Because the New England colonies were difficult of farming, they become a center for fishing and shipbuilding. The middle colonies were known as the breadbasket, which produced wheat and potatoes as the major staple. The southern colonies developed a plantation system. The main crop in the South was tobacco. Much later, cotton became important crop.Chapter 4 American Revolution1. There was a great change in policy towards the 13 colonies after 1763.2. The Stamp Act of 1765 first set a large scale of opposition in the colonies.3. The Tea Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament in order to help the British East India Company.4. The First Continental Congress was attended by the representatives from all the colonies except Georgia.5. The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired in Lexington.6. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense urged the American colonists to declare their in dependence.7. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence was Thomas Jefferson.8. The victory at Saratoga was considered as the turning point of the War of Independence.1. During the colonial days the English ruling class did everything they could to control the development of the colonial economy. The colonies in North America were supposed to complement and not compete with English industry.2. Within the five years from 1763 to 1767 after the war with France, the British government adopted several measures to extract more money from colonies. The Sugar Act of 1764 and the Stamp Act of 1765, for example, laid taxes on certain imports and numerous articles in America to help pay for the costs of British government in the colonies.3. The Sons of Liberty was formed in 1765 to organize the opposition to the Stamp Act. They favored to take violent action to the stamp collectors.4. The first Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia in Sep.1774. The majority of the representatives still favor to take peaceful means to settle the quarrel with the British. They agreed to refuse to buy English goods, hoping in this way to force the British government to give in to their demands. This united action could be called boycott.5. The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776. Karl Marx once called it “the first declaration of the rights of the individual”.6. The American War of Independence lasted 7 years. The fighting was actually ended in 1781, but the final treaty between Britain and the United States was signed in Paris in 1783. The boundaries of the United States were fixed roughly from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River on the west and from the Great Lakes on the north to Spanish Florida on the south. The direct social change brought about by the American Revolution was the emancipation of slaves who fought against the British.Chapter 5 the Confederation and the Constitution1. The confederation created in 1781 was a very loose union of states.2. James Madison was called the Father of the US Constitution.3. The Constitution was frames on the following ideals except that the new government should impose its authority on the people through states.4. Those who supported the Constitution and preferred a strong national government were called Federalists.5. Nine States were needed to ratify the Constitution.6. “They spell out the people’s right” is incorrect to comment on the Federalist Papers.7. The amendment of the Constitution requires the approval of at least three-fourths of the states.8. When the Second War of Independence broke out in 1812, the US president was James Madison.1. Under the Articles of Confederation the national government consisted of only a legislature; it had no separate executive and judicial divisions. The state government was left the exclusive powers to regulate commerce and to tax their citizens.2. The Constitutional Convention was held in Philadelphia in 1787. Fifty-five delegates from all states except Rhode Island attended the opening session. The president of the convention was George Washington.3. The Antifederalists opposed the constitution and preferred a more decentralized federal system of government.4. George Washington was elected unanimously as the first US President in 1788. The first Vice-President was John Adams, and the first Secretary of Treasury was Alexander Hamilton, and the first Secretary of State was Thomas Jefferson.5. the most glorious achievement of Jefferson as President was the Louisiana Purchase, which was about 828,000 square miles. This Purchase doubled the area of the then United States.6. The War of 1812 is also called the Second War of Independence. This war lasted three years and ended in another American victory. An important result of the war was the strengthening of national unity and patriotism. And it was after this war that the US was able to make the change of a semi-colonial economy into a really independent national economy.Chapter 6 American Expansion and the Civil War1. The Monroe Doctrine had the following features or ideas except Latin America for Europeans.2. The US continental expansion was almost complete by 1848.3. Cotton became the most profitable crop in the South mainly because of the Whitney’s cotton gin.4. In 1854, the Republican Party was founded by some abolitionists.5. In his inaugural address in 1861, Lincoln showed clearly that he would not abolish slavery immediately but to preserve the Union.6. “It immediately freed all slaves living in the United States” about the Emancipation Proclamation is not accurate.7. the most important advantage the North had over the South in the Civil War was its industrial superiority.8. An advantage the South had over the North was its superior military leadership.1. The essence of the Monroe Doctrine was “America for Americans” which later became the cornerstone of the US foreign policy.2. The US expansion to the west may be treated in three stages;A. the settlement of the region between seaboard states and the Mississippi RiverB. the settlement of the Louisiana Territoryc. the occupation of the far Southwest.3. The great majority of dwellers in Louisiana Territory were the descendants of the French pioneers. They settled mainly in two cities: St. Louis and New Orleans.4. Oregon Territory was settled between Britain and the United States in 1846. Its boundary on the north was fixed at the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude.5. Under Missouri Compromise, Missouri was admitted as a slave state, but the balance of political power maintained by admission of Maine as a free state. In addition, slavery was to be prohibited in the rest of Louisiana Territory north of the line36°30’ parallel.6. In 1862, the federal government took two revolutionary measures: (1) Homestead Act and (2) Emancipation proclamation.7. In July 1863 came the turning point of the war at Gettysburg. Here the Confederate army under the general Robert E. Lee was defeated. The battlefield was made a national cemetery, where Lincoln gave his famous speech, the Gettysburg Address, on November 19, 1863.8. In 1865, the Thirteenth Amendment to the US Constitution was adopted, which abolished slavery throughout the United States.Chapter 7 Reconstruction and the Birth of US Imperialism1. The first US president who faced impeachment proceedings was Andrew Johnson.2. The radical Reconstruction was ended under the President Rutherford B. Hays3. Gold was discovered in California in 1848.4. The first transcontinental railroad in the US was completed in 1869.5. Telephone was invented in 1876 by Alexander D. Bell.6. The value of manufactured goods in the US was worth twice as that of her agricultural products by 1900.7. The first imperialist war, the US—Spanish War, broke out in 1898.8. After the US—Spanish War, the US acquired all the following areas except Cuba (Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines)1. The Reconstruction Acts divided all the former Confederate states, except Tennessee, into five military districts and each was put under the control of a Northern army officer. The officer had the power to keep order and to enforce martial law if necessary.2. During the Reconstruction period many Northerners moved to the south .Whatever their motives, these Northerners came to be called carpetbaggers because they were said to have brought all their belongings to the South in a small, cheap suitcase made out of a carpet like material.3. During the Reconstruction the Southern whites who supported the radical reconstruction and joined the Republican Party were called scalawags. They were considered as traitors by the Southern Democrats.4. The KKK, founded in Tennessee in 1866, was a secret society for restoring white supremacy and driving blacks out of politics.5. During Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency the US got control of Panama Canal.Chapter 8 World War I and the Depression1. By the beginning of the 20th century the country that took the first place in economy in Europe was Germany.2. When the First World War began, President Wilson immediately called upon the American people to observe strict neutrality.3. The US joined the First World War in 1917.4. Wilson’s Fourteen Points did not include the point of creation of an international peacekeeping force.5. “Only the rich could afford new consumer goods” about the US in 1920s is not true.6. In responding to the Depression, President Hoover thou ght that the basic role of the Government was to “create conditions favorable to the development of private enterprises”.7. The agricultural Adjustment Act was an attempt to deal with the farmers’ problem of overproduction.8. “It reduced the commodity prices by limiting production and devaluing the dollar” is not right to comment on the New Deal.1. The First World War was waged between two groups of imperialist powers: the Allies and the Central European Power.2. The direct cause that made the US declare war on Germany in 1917was the Germany’s unlimited campaign.3. The major triumph for Wilson at the Paris Peace Conference was the formation of the League of Nations.4. The United States didn’t join the League of Nations because the US Senate refused to approve the Treaty of Versailles.5. Three major treaties were concluded at the Washington Conference:(1) The Four-Power Treaty, respecting the status quo in the Pacific.(2) The Five-Power Treaty, on naval arms apportionment.(3) The Nine-Power Treaty, guaranteeing the independence and integrity of China in appearance, but actually a public international affirmation of the Open Door policy.6. The Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution was adopted in 1920, which granted women the right to vote.7. The Great Depression started with the sudden collapse of the Stock Market in New York in October, 1929. This economic distress extended to Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and South America.Chapter 9 American During and After World War II1. Between 1935 and 1939, American foreign policy included all of the following except active intervention to prevent aggression.2. The US formally entered the Second World War in 1941.3. Normandy Landing took place on June 6, 1944.4. At Yalta Conference, in Feb. 1945 did Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin agree to call a conference of all the United Nations in San Francisco in April 1945.5. The post-World War II program of economic assistance to Western Europe was known as Marshall Plan.6. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., advocated the philosophy of nonviolence.7. Thousands of American soldiers were sent to Vietnam under the President Lyndon B. Johnson.8. The formal diplomatic relation at the ambassadorial rank between China and the US was established under the President Carter.1. The cash-and-carry policy allowed US citizens to sell certain no prohibited goods to belligerent nations as long as thosegoods were not transported on American ships.2. Lend-Lease Act enabled any country whose defense the President considered vital to that of the US to receive arms and other equipment and supplies by sale, transfer, exchange, or lease. F.D. Roosevelt explained the Act would make the US the arsenal of world democracy.3. Civil rights involve government protection of individuals against discrimination based on their race,religion nation origin, gender, age, and other factors. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was honored for his effort to fight discrimination. In 1964, he won the Nobel Prize for peace.4. Star Wars program was proposed by President Reagan in 1983. The program seeks to construct a defensive “shield” against incoming missiles. The shield would be made of laser and electronic devices that would destroy such missiles launched to attack the US.5. In 1990, President Bush ordered Operation Desert Storm to punish Iraq, more than 200000 US troops were sent to Saudi Arabia, and the US navy blocked all oil exports from Iraq and all imports except food.6. Under Clinton, the US enjoyed an economic growth for nine consecutive years. This phenomenon, hardly seen before, has been termed the “new economy” by some. The fundamental reason for it is that American economic structure went through essential changes because of the promotion of scientific and technological progress.Chapter 10 the Federal System and Congress1. The power of the state in the US is actually from both B and C. (the state constitution, the US Constitution)2. The supreme law of the United States includes all the above three.3. The terms of the senator and representative are six and two years respectively.4.”The 17th Amendment (1913)” provided for the direct election of senators.5. Certain presidential appointments must be approved by a majority vote in the Senate.6. All revenue or tax bills must be originated in the House.7. The Speaker of the House is second in line in presidential succession.8. In the House, the power to decide when the full House will hear the bill is vested in the Rules Committee.1. Federalism means the division of powers by a constitution between the central government and state government. It operates only on two levels, the national and the states. Units of government within a state enjoy no independent existence.2. Separation of powers in the United States means not only allocating legislative power to Congress, executive power to President and judicial power to the Supreme Court, but also giving each branch constitutional and political independence and checks and balances that ensure each of the three branches a sufficient role in the actions of the others.3. According to the Constitution, members of the House of Representatives must be25years old and must have been citizens for 7 years. Senators must be at least 30 and must have been citizens for 9 years.4. The Vice President is officially the presiding officer and is called the president of the Senate. In fact he seldom appears in the Senate chamber in this role unless it appears that there might be tie vote in the Senate. In such instances, he casts the tiebreaking vote. To deal with day-to-day business, the Senate chooses the president pro tempore.5. A senator who wants to delay action on a bill or kill it altogether may use a tactic called a filibuster. It can be cut off only through cloture.6. Lobbying is part of the citizen’s right to petition government in the US. Now there are thousands of lobbyists in Washington D.C. Their influence in making the US policy is so great that some people call them “the third house”.Chapter 11 The President and the Judiciary1. The 22nd Amendment in following limits the President to two successive terms only.2. The American President has all the following powers except declaring war on another country.3. The president’s major appointments should be approved by the Senate.4. “It requires the approval of Congress” is not correct to explain the executive agreement.5. The President’s veto can be overridden by two-third votes in both houses.6. The federal courts that regularly employ grand and petit juries are the district courts.7. The highest authority of the Supreme Court is to interpret the US constitution.8. The case involving copyright, trademark, counterfeiting, and bank robbery are usually first tried in the federal district courts.1. By law any natural-born American citizen of and over 35 years of age and of being a resident within the United States for 14years can run for the President. The duly elected and duly qualified president-elect takes office on the20th of January following his election.2. The war powers resolution (1973) requires the President to consult congress and withdraw troops after sixty days unless Congress specifically approves the continued deployment of troops.3. A federal law gave President an item veto in 1996, which is an authority to reject specific sections of a bill without having to veto the entire bill.4. The Supreme Court has the power to examine the bills passed by Congress and policies made by President, and declare them unconstitutional and thus abolish them. John Marshall, the most famous chief justice in American history called this power of interpretation judicial review5. There are three federal court levels: 1) the district courts 2) the courts of appeal 3) the Supreme Court. All the judges of federal courts are appointed by President with the consent of the Senate. The state court system also has a hierarchy of three levels: 1) superior courts, 2) appellate courts, 3) a state supreme court. The state court judges are usually elected. The term of the country court judges is usually four years. And the judges in higher state courts usually sever eight or twelve years for one termChapter 12 Political Parties and Elections1. The emblem of the Democratic Party is donkey.2. The first Democratic President was Thomas Jefferson.3. The first Republican President was Abraham Lincoln.4. The only Democratic President who served two separate terms between the end of Civil War and 1912 was Grover Cleveland.5. The presidential candidate of the major party is nominated at the national convention.6. In the presidential election year the American voters vote on the Tues, after the 1st Mon.7. The number of the presidential electors in each state is equal to the number of its senators and Representatives.8. The American President is actually elected by presidential electors.1. Two factions emerged during the ratification of the US Constitution. One group was called Federalists led by Alexander Hamilton. They favored business development, a strong national government, and a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Another group led by Thomas Jefferson was called Democratic-Republicans. They called for a society based on small farms, a relatively weak central government, and a strict interpretation of the Constitution. The roots of today’s Republican Party lie in the Federalists, while the Democrats can trace their beginnings back to Antifederalists or Democratic-Republicans.2. In general, Democrats traditionally have supported workers and minorities, while the Republicans are known for known for their support of business and conservative positions on social issues.3. Before 1971 the only state that gave 18-year-old the right to vote was Georgia; all other states set the age at 21. In 1971 the 26th Amendment to the Constitution lowered the voting age to 18.4. The voting percentage now is very low in the United States. In general older people with more education and high income tend to vote, while the youth, especially aged 18 to 21, has the lowest voting percentage in the Unites States.5. The candidate with the most votes in a state wins all of that state’s electoral votes. This is known as the “winner-take-all” principle. The candidate who wins the majority of the 538 Electoral College votes will be the US President in the next four years.。
数字信号处理试题和答案 (1)
一. 填空题1、一线性时不变系统，输入为x（n）时，输出为y（n）；则输入为2x（n）时，输出为2y(n) ；输入为x（n-3）时，输出为y(n-3) 。
2、从奈奎斯特采样定理得出，要使实信号采样后能够不失真还原，采样频率fs与信号最高频率f max关系为：fs>=2f max。
3、已知一个长度为N的序列x(n)，它的离散时间傅立叶变换为X（e jw），它的N点离散傅立叶变换X（K）是关于X（e jw）的N 点等间隔采样。
4、有限长序列x(n)的8点DFT为X（K），则X（K）= 。
5、用脉冲响应不变法进行IIR数字滤波器的设计，它的主要缺点是频谱的交叠所产生的现象。
6．若数字滤波器的单位脉冲响应h（n）是奇对称的，长度为N，则它的对称中心是(N-1)/2 。
7、用窗函数法设计FIR数字滤波器时，加矩形窗比加三角窗时，所设计出的滤波器的过渡带比较窄，阻带衰减比较小。
8、无限长单位冲激响应（IIR）滤波器的结构上有反馈环路，因此是递归型结构。
9、若正弦序列x(n)=sin(30nπ/120)是周期的,则周期是N= 8 。
10、用窗函数法设计FIR数字滤波器时，过渡带的宽度不但与窗的类型有关，还与窗的采样点数有关11．DFT与DFS有密切关系，因为有限长序列可以看成周期序列的主值区间截断，而周期序列可以看成有限长序列的周期延拓。
12．对长度为N的序列x(n)圆周移位m位得到的序列用x m(n)表示，其数学表达式为x m(n)=x((n-m))N R N(n)。
13．对按时间抽取的基2-FFT流图进行转置，并将输入变输出，输出变输入即可得到按频率抽取的基2-FFT流图。
14.线性移不变系统的性质有交换率、结合率和分配律。
15.用DFT近似分析模拟信号的频谱时，可能出现的问题有混叠失真、泄漏、栅栏效应和频率分辨率。
16.无限长单位冲激响应滤波器的基本结构有直接Ⅰ型，直接Ⅱ型，串联型和并联型四种。
17.如果通用计算机的速度为平均每次复数乘需要5μs，每次复数加需要1μs，则在此计算机上计算210点的基2 FFT需要10 级蝶形运算，总的运算时间是______μs。
旅游概论第一章第一部分填空测试题
《旅游概论》第一章第一部分填空题训练1、旅游的产生，都经历了一个从、、而且日趋的过程。
2、客观上，迁徙与旅行有共同的外部特征——。
不同的是前者是为了而地适应自然环境的“”；后者是人类社会进化到一定阶段，具有明确的“”。
迁徙活动为人类意识的产生和发展提供了活的。
早期人类的迁徙活动是对人类有意识的旅行的预演。
3、迁徙就是当一个地方的自然资源用完了，就到另一个地方继续采集和狩猎，形成一种的。
迁徙的原因有、以及等威胁所驱使，但主要还是由采猎生存方式固有的特点所决定的。
4、社会三次大分工，使人类从流动性生活走向，物质资料生产方式的改进，促使产生，随着社会分工越来越细，使得应运而生，这就是人类旅行观念产生的社会基础和条件。
开创了旅行的先河。
经商旅行孕育着的因子，已经具有现代意义上的旅游气息和内涵。
5、享乐旅行的出现标志着的诞生。
所谓享乐旅行，是指出自和的需要而进行的的活动。
6、享乐旅行和旅游之所以发生，是源于人类的发展，尤其是的发展和需求的提高，并非有了人类就有了旅游。
人类任何活动或者是对生活方式的选择必须符合的条件，并在一定条件下进行，其中条件起决定作用。
旅游是人类进化和、、发展到一定阶段的产物，并不断发展变化，其产生的基础条件是发展、的提高以及的发展。
旅游的产生源于的发展、的提高和的成熟。
旅游者的产生，是追求自身价值实现的和成熟的结果。
旅游是超出需要而具有的一种方式。
人类有自觉目的意识的旅行萌芽于。
而具有现代意义的旅行和旅游活动是文明社会的产物，形成于一定历史阶段的阶级社会中，并首先在世界的出现。
7、旅游是人类的发展和成熟而选择的一种生活方式。
对异域的探索，对异地的向往，以及获得的感受、的欲望，是驱使人们外出旅游的主要动力，并由此决定了旅游者进行流动和交流的必然性。
旅游是以方式离开到进行的一种的社会活动，是一种复杂的社会现象。
旅游的本质目的是。
8、旅游的定义是：人们为了而进行的和过程中所发生的一切关系和现象的。
电机与电力拖动(第三版)习题参考答案~1
《电机与电力拖动》（第三版）习题及答案第1章思考题和习题一、填空题1．直流电动机主磁极的作用是产生，它由和两大部分组成。
气隙磁场、主磁极铁心和主磁极绕组2．直流电动机的电刷装置主要由、、、和等部件组成。
电刷、刷握、刷杆、刷杆架、弹簧、铜辫3．电枢绕组的作用是产生或流过而产生电磁转矩实现机电能量转换。
感应电动势、电枢电流4．电动机按励磁方式分类，有、、和等。
他励、并励、串励、复励5．在直流电动机中产生的电枢电动势Ea方向与外加电源电压及电流方向，称为，用来与外加电压相平衡。
相反、反电势6．直流电动机吸取电能在电动机内部产生的电磁转矩，一小部分用来克服摩擦及铁耗所引起的转矩，主要部分就是轴上的有效转矩，它们之间的平衡关系可用____________表示。
输出、电磁转矩=损耗转矩+输出转矩二、判断题(在括号内打“√”或打“×”)1．直流发电机和直流电动机作用不同，所以其基本结构也不同。
（×）2．直流电动机励磁绕组和电枢绕组中流过的都是直流电流。
（×）3．串励直流电动机和并励直流电动机都具有很大的启动转矩，所以它们具有相似的机械特性曲线。
（×）4．电枢反应不仅使合成磁场发生畸变，还使得合成磁场减小。
（√）5．直流电机的电枢电动势的大小与电机结构、磁场强弱、转速有关。
（×）6．直流电动机的换向是指电枢绕组中电流方向的改变。
（√）三、选择题(将正确答案的序号填入括号内)1．直流电动机在旋转一周的过程中，某一个绕组元件(线圈)中通过的电流是( B )。
A．直流电流B．交流电流C．互相抵消，正好为零2．在并励直流电动机中，为改善电动机换向而装设的换向极，其换向绕组( B )。
A．应与主极绕组串联B．应与电枢绕组串联C．应由两组绕组组成，一组与电枢绕组串联，另一组与电枢绕组并联3．直流电动机的额定功率P N是指电动机在额定工况下长期运行所允许的( A )。
A．从转轴上输出的机械功率B．输入电功率C．电磁功率4．直流电动机铭牌上的额定电流是。
小学部编版语文四年级下册课文填空题及解答
小学部编版语文四年级下册课文填空题及解答本文档为小学部编版语文四年级下册课文填空题及解答的内容。
课文填空题1. 第一课：《小白菜》- 填空题：小白菜是一种__________。
- 解答：蔬菜2. 第二课：《青蛙和蟾蜍》- 填空题：青蛙和蟾蜍是好朋友，他们经常一起去__________。
- 解答：玩耍3. 第三课：《小狗钱钱》- 填空题：小狗钱钱的主人是一位__________。
- 解答：小男孩4. 第四课：《小兔子乖乖》- 填空题：小兔子乖乖喜欢吃什么颜色的萝卜？- 解答：红色5. 第五课：《小石头》- 填空题：小石头被送到了一个__________。
- 解答：公园6. 第六课：《小鸟的房子》- 填空题：小鸟在树上搭建了一个__________。
- 解答：巢7. 第七课：《小兔子与月亮》- 填空题：小兔子对月亮说了什么话？- 解答：月亮好圆啊！8. 第八课：《小船和大船》- 填空题：小船和大船一起在__________上航行。
- 解答：河流9. 第九课：《小蝌蚪找妈妈》- 填空题：小蝌蚪找到了它的__________。
- 解答：妈妈10. 第十课：《小鸟和小鱼》- 填空题：小鸟和小鱼都喜欢__________。
- 解答：自由解答1. 小白菜是一种蔬菜。
2. 青蛙和蟾蜍是好朋友，他们经常一起去玩耍。
3. 小狗钱钱的主人是一位小男孩。
4. 小兔子乖乖喜欢吃红色的萝卜。
5. 小石头被送到了一个公园。
6. 小鸟在树上搭建了一个巢。
7. 小兔子对月亮说了句：月亮好圆啊！8. 小船和大船一起在河流上航行。
9. 小蝌蚪找到了它的妈妈。
10. 小鸟和小鱼都喜欢自由。
以上是小学部编版语文四年级下册课文填空题及解答的内容。
2024考研英语一完形填空试题及答案(第1题-20题)
2024考研英语一完形填空试题及答案（第1题-20题）业务课名称：英语考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。
2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。
完形填空There's nothing more welcoming than opening a door for you.（1）Without the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in（2）improving disabled access to buildings and helping provide general（3）convenience to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years（4）successively by two Americans, Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt. They（5）started out as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown, their（6）benefits have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly（7）useful in busy locations and during times of emergency, the doors（8）act as crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.（9）As well as making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps to reduce the total area（10）. occupied by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these（11）allow smaller spaces to maximise the usable space inside without having to（12）clear the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each（13）relying on specific signals to tell them when to open.（14）Although these methods differ, the main（15）principles remain the same.Each automatic door system（16）analyses the light, sound, weight, or movement in their vicinity as a signal. Sensor-types are chosen to（17）compare the different environments they are needed in.（18）For example, a busy road might not（19）suit a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure-sensitive mat would be more（20）appropriate to limit the surveyed area.答案:1-10题：DCBAB CADAD 11-20题：ACCDC BDCBA。
沪教八年级第一学期生命科学练习册习题答案
第一部分练习??第一章人体生命活动的基本条件??第一节人体是怎样构成的??一、基础练习??（一）填空题??1、A代表树突；B代表细胞体；C代表轴突。
神经细胞的功能主要是接受信息、整合信息、传递信息。
??2、胃壁的结构由内至外依次是：黏膜、黏膜下层、肌层和浆膜，它们分别属于上皮组织、结缔组织、肌组织和上皮组织。
??3、（1）属于上皮组织的是食管管腔面、小肠肠腔面和肺，其细胞排列特点是紧密，细胞单层或多层，细胞间质少，该组织的功能主要是保护、吸收和扩散等。
??（2）属于肌组织的是腓肠肌、小肠肌层和心脏，其细胞形态特点是腓肠肌（骨骼肌）细胞圆柱状，有横纹，多核；心脏肌细胞圆柱状，有分支和横纹；小肠肌层细胞梭状，无横纹，该组织的功能主要是收缩、运动。
??（3）属于结缔组织的是血液、皮肤中的脂肪和股骨，其细胞排列特点是疏松，细胞间质多，形态多样，该组织的功能主要是支持、绝缘、保护、输送营养物质、防御病原体入侵。
??4、如果皮肤不慎被划破，会流血，会感到疼。
当突然受到冷刺激时，皮肤会产生鸡皮疙瘩。
这说明皮肤中可能含有神经组织、结缔组织、肌组织等组织。
??5、现在你对“器官”这个概念的理解是：器官是多细胞生物体内由多种不容组织联合构成的结构单位。
具有一定的形态特征，能行使一定的生理功能。
6、下图是消化系统组成示意图，请在图中指示线末端的括号内填入所指器官的名称。
??消化系统的功能是消化食物、吸收营养、排出不吸收的食物残渣。
??7、下图是呼吸系统组成示意图，请在图中数字旁边标出该数字代表结构的名称。
??空气进入肺的正确顺序是鼻腔、咽、喉、气管、支气管和肺。
??8、下图是泌尿系统组成示意图，请在图中数字的旁的横线上写出该器官的功能。
??（二）多项选择题??1、下列属于器官的结构是（ BCD ）。
??A．血液 B．主动脉血管 C．眼 D．皮肤??2、当运动员下肢的伸肌群和屈肌群交替收缩或舒张时，身体的这种姿势可能是在（ABC）。
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第1题、填空
1.康复治疗的四大原则分别是指、、、改善生存质量。
参考答案：功能训练全面康复融入社会
2.残疾可分为残损、________和________三个水平。
参考答案：残疾残障
3.现代医学是由预防医学、、和___________构成的一个完整的体系。
参考答案：临床医学康复医学保健医学
4.长期制动和卧床最早最显著的异常在系统，表现
为和。
参考答案：肌肉肌力下降肌萎缩
5.长期制动及卧床对心血管系统的影响包
括、、
和体位性低血压。
参考答案：体液重新分布心功能减退静脉血栓形成
6.临床常用肌力评定方法有两种，
即和。
参考答案：徒手肌力评定器械肌力评定
7.徒手肌力检查的级别判定依据包
括、、。
参考答案：阻力因素重力因素视触觉感知
8.常见的言语障碍包括、、言语失用症。
参考答案：失语症构音障碍
9.温度觉评定时使用的冷水与温水温度分别
是、。
参考答案：5—10℃ 40—50℃
10.关节活动度训练包括持续被动活
动、、、。
参考答案：主动关节活动度训练关节松动术软组织牵引术
11.步行周期可分和两个时相。
参考答案：站立时相摆动时相
12.为适应现代义肢技术要求，应尽量保持残端外形；主要肌力小于，不宜装配义肢。
参考答案：呈圆柱形 3级
13.截肢分为和两种。
参考答案：截骨关节离断
14.脑卒中康复护理目标之一是变“替代护理”为______________。
参考答案：自我护理
15.脊髓损伤可造成损伤水平以下感觉障碍、、______ _____、
___ _____功能障碍。
参考答案：运动括约肌自主神经
16.脑卒中患者良姿位摆放能预防和减
轻、的典型痉挛模式，是预防以后出现病理形运动模式的方法之一。
参考答案：上肢屈肌下肢伸肌
17.脑性瘫痪是指小儿出生前至出生后一个月内，由各种致病因素所致的非进行性脑损伤综合征。
主要表现
为和。
参考答案：中枢运动功能障碍姿势异常
18.脑卒中根据病因和临床表现的不同，分
为和两大类。
参考答案：出血性缺血性
19.脑卒中患者上下楼梯训练原则是上楼时先上，下楼
时先下。
参考答案：健足患足
20.低频电疗法使用电流频率，中频电疗法使用电流频率，高频电疗法使用电流频率。
参考答案：1000Hz以下 1000—100000Hz 100kHz
21.Barthel指数评定内容包括进食、洗
澡、、、、大小便控制、入厕等十项，分以上者生活基本自理。
参考答案：修饰穿衣床椅转移 60
22.主动运动依据引起运动的力的不同可以分为三种，
即、
和。
参考答案：助力主动运动主动运动抗阻力主动运动
23.肌力训练应逐步进行，当肌力在二级以下时，一般选
择，当肌力达到三级时，让患肢独立完
成，当肌力达到四级时，按原则进行肌力训练。
参考答案：助力主动运动全范围关节运动抗阻力
24.康复医疗中常用的易化技术
有、、
和神经肌肉本体促进法。
参考答案： Brunnstrom法 Bobath法 Rood法
25.手外伤的康复包括手运动和感觉功能的康复，运动功能主要是
_______________、________________的康复。
参考答案：肌力关节活动度
26.运动处方内容包括运动的方式、_______________、_______________、运动频度等项。
参考答案：运动强度运动持续时间
27.运动疗法既包括_______________训练，也涉及_______________活动。
参考答案：主动躯体活动被动性躯体
28.软组织牵伸技术主要包括_______________；_______________；
_______________三种方式。
参考答案：手法牵伸机械装置被动牵伸自我牵伸
29.运动强度常以_______________来表示。
参考答案：心率
30.作业治疗的最终目标是提高患者的_______________，训练患者成为生活中的_______________，积极进行必需的生活活动和工作，参与到社会活动中去，成为社会“大家庭”中的一员。
参考答案：生存质量主动角色
31.言语失用症的评定包括以下三个方面：_______________；_______________；_______________。
参考答案：言语可懂度说话速率说话的自然程度
32.认知疗法主要治疗_______________的患者，有助于减轻情绪的抑郁和焦虑。
参考答案：情绪抑郁
33.与自护力量相对应的是_______________。
参考答案：照顾性护理力量
34.治疗性自护需要由_______________；_______________；_______________三种类型的需要构成。
参考答案：一般的自护需求成长的自护需求健康欠佳的自护需求
35.假肢按结构分为_______________和_______________假肢。
参考答案：内骨骼式假肢外骨骼式假肢
36.颈椎病患者睡眠主要以_______________为主。
参考答案：仰卧位
37.截肢术后的康复主要是_______________和_______________。
参考答案：功能恢复锻炼义肢的装配
38.缩唇呼吸训练时，呼吸比率为_______________，呼吸频率小于
_______________。
参考答案：1:2 20次/分
39.原发性骨质疏松症可以分为_______________和_______________两类。
参考答案：绝经后骨质疏松症老年性骨质疏松症
40.骨质疏松症治疗的三大原则：_______________、_______________和_______________。
参考答案：补钙运动疗法饮食调整。